高中英语Unit 5 Music Learning about Language 课件

Unit5MusicLearningaboutLanguageTheAttributiveClause

由关系代词或关系副词引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,从句跟在先行词后面。定语从句的构成方法是:关系代词或关系副词+陈述句语序。关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,that,as等;

关系副词有when,where,why等。关系代词有双重功能,

一方面代表前面所修饰的先行词,把从句与先行词连接起来;另一方面引导从句并在从句中充当某种句子成分。1.Thenumberofpeople

who/that

losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.2.Itsoundedlikeatrain

which/that

wasgoingundermyhouse.关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况（1）关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且仅跟在介词后时只用which,但当介词在从句句尾时,两者皆可。Thisisthequestionaboutwhichwe’vehadsomuchdiscussion.=Thisisthequestionwhich/thatwe’vehadsomuchdiscussionabout.当关系代词作lookafter,lookfor等不能拆开使用的及物动词短语的宾语时，介词不可以提前。（2）在非限制性定语从句中必须用which不能用that。Thisisthebook,

whichI’mlookingfor.Theyhaveinvitedmetovisittheircountry,

which

isverykindofthem.关系副词有时可用介词+which来代替。如例句中where=inwhich;when=onwhich;why=forwhich。关系副词的用法（1）关系副词where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。Thisisthehouse

where

helived.（2）关系副词when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。I'llneverforgetthedays

when

weplayedtogether.（3）关系副词why指原因，在从句中作原因状语。Heexplainedthereason

whyhewaslate.1.关系副词where指地点,在从句中作地点状语。Thisisthehousewherehelived.2.关系副词when指时间,在从句中作时间状语。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweplayedtogether.3.关系副词why指原因,在从句中作原因状语。Heexplainedthereasonwhyhewaslate.试比较下列句子1.Thisisthehousewherehelived.Thisisthehousewhich/thatwevisitedyesterday.2.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenweplayedtogether.I’llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.3.Heexplainedthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegaveme.Rewritethesentenceusingtheattributiveclause:1.Iremembertheday.“TheBeatles”playedtheirfirsthitonthatday.Irememberthedaywhen/onwhich“theBeatles”playedtheirfirsthit.2.Theguitarwaslostwhilehewastouring.Georgegavemanyperformanceswithit.TheguitarwithwhichGeorgegavemanyperformanceswaslostwhilehewastouring.3.Themusicianswereverypopular.Theyworkedwiththemusicians.Themusicianswithwhomtheyworkedwereverypopular.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词只能用which和whom,且不能省略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择:一是先行词与介词的搭配;二是定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配;三是“介词+关系代词”在从句中的作用及意义。1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?这是你经常为它写文章的那家报社吗？Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.他曾经在那里学习过的学校非常出名。Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。关系代词前介词的确定2.根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配习惯TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazineforwhichyouasked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’mnotsure?3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,

two-thirdsofwhom

havebeentoBeijing.5.whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”的结构e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theyliveinahouse,

ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theyliveinahouse,

thedoorofwhich

openstothesouth.【注意】１．含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.(正)这是我正在找的手表。ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(误)Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)２.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who或that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(正)Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(误)３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词，如Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.篮子里有许多苹果，其中一些已经变坏了。【即学即练】1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,_______whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent______whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason_____whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?withoutaboutonfor【真题在线】

1.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof_____usesitsomewhatdifferently.【2011浙江,8】A.whichB.whatC.themD.those【解析】选A。句意：英语是一种共享几种不同的文化的语言，其中每一种文化使用英语时都多少有些不同。表示“整体中的一部分”，我们可以使用“不定代词/数词+of+which(物)/whom（人）”，由于此题中先行词为cultures,所以使用which。2.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof____shespokefluently.【2011湖南,25】A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：朱莉擅长德语，法语以及俄语，这些语言她都说得很流利。先行词是German,FrenchandRussian，所以定语从句的关系代词用which。注：关系代词that一般不可直接置于介词后作宾语。3.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof____lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.【2010浙江，3】A.whomB.whichC.themD.those【解析】选A。句意：这个小村落是大约1,000人的家，他们当中的许多人离开了家去城里过一种更好的生活。此题为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故用关系代词whom。4.Guncontrolisasubject_____Americanhavearguedforalongtime.