定语从句复习课件【知识精讲精研】 高三英语二轮复习

Ihavealittlegift

whichispreparedforsomeoneinourclass.Sheisagirl

whohasapairofsmilingeyesandlonghair.Sheisagirl

whosehandwritingwonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.Sheoftengoestotheoffice

whereIworktoaskabouttheassignments.Shehelpsmealotwithmywork,andthatisthereason

whyIwanttoexpressmythanksandbestwishestoher.

TheAttributiveClauseReview定语从句复习

定语从句定语从句基础知识定语从句拓展练习（assignment）1.定语从句定义

2.定语从句构成

3.定语从句关系词定语从句重难考点突破关系代词v.s.关系副词定语从句和其他句型as引导的非限定从whose引导的定从抽象地点名词作先行词way作先行词区分that&which定从&强调句型定从&并列句that引导的定从&同从when引导的定从&时间状从where引导的定从&地点状从Sheisagirlwhohasapairofsmilingeyesandlonghair.hasapairofsmilingeyesandlonghair.从句girl关系词(关系代词或关系副词)：引导定语从句的词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词

who（先行词一般是名词或代词）定语从句的要素：从句，先行词，关系词（关系代词和关系副词）关系词关系代词：关系副词：指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)关系词的功能1、引导定语从句2、指代先行词3、在定语从句中担当某成分关系词关系代词：关系副词：指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)关系词的功能1、引导定语从句2、指代先行词3、在定语从句中担当某成分考点一：关系代词or关系副词5.Thereason

____

shegavefornotbeingpresentwasthattheheavysnowpreventedhercoming.6.Thereason____shewasnotpresentwasthattheheavysnowpreventedhercoming.whywhich/that考点一：关系代词or关系副词1.Wevisitedafactory_________makestoysforchildren.2.Wevisitedafactory______thetoysaremadeforchildren.3.I’llneverforgettheday_______wefirstmet.4.I’llneverforgettheday___________Ispentwithyou.which/thatwherewhich/thatwhen如何选用定从的关系词

1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.回归，补缺，定成分--把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在从句中做什么成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词,若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。Lookout!Don’tgetclosetothehouse

roofisbeingrepaired.TheteacherhadatalkwithTom,

majorproblemispoorstudyhabits.

Lookout!Don’tgetclosetothehouse,the

roofof______isbeingrepaired.TheteacherhadatalkwithTom,themajorproblemof______ispoorstudyhabits.whose引导定从当先行词与从句中某个名词有从属关系，表示“……的”，关系词选whosewhose在从句中作定语后跟名词，它既可以指代人，也可以指代物whose+n.

=

the+n.+ofwhich/whomwhichwhomwhosewhose考点一：关系代词or关系副词--先行词是抽象的地点名词当situation,point,case,activity,scene,atmosphere,condition,stage及period,festival,occasion等抽象的地点名词作先行词时，要注意具体情况具体分析：先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which引导从句；先行词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导从句，表示在某种特定的情形下。先行词是抽象的地点名词Ihadreachedapointinmycareer

Ishouldmakeadecision.Therearecases__________theword“water”isusedasanadverb.Whataresomesituations_______bodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?Areyoufacingasituation____________looksimpossibletofix?wherewherewherewhich/that考点一：关系代词or关系副词--先行词是way1.Theway___________hetolduswasquitesimple.他告诉我们的这个方式很简单。(把从句补充完整：hetoldustheway，可以看出theway在从句中作told的宾语。)2.Theway__________________heexplainedthesentencewassimple.他解释这句话的方式很简单。(把从句补充完整：heexplainedthesentenceintheway，theway在从句中作状语。)先行词是way先行词way在从句中作状语时，关系词用inwhich,that或者省略；先行词way在从句中作主语或宾语时，用that/which引导（作宾语时，引导词也可以省略）。(that/which)

(that/inwhich/不填)考点二：先行词指物，使用thatorwhich?Theonlything_____iswrongwiththisiswhatafriendofminesaidtometheotherday.Thisistheveryman

Iwanttosee.ThisisthemostimpressiveTVplay

Ihaveeverwatched.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies

liveintheGiantPandaRange.Thisisthefirstletter

I’vewritteninEnglish.Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthings

werememberedinourschool.考点二：先行词指物，使用thatorwhich?A.关系代词用that不用which的情形：最不序正是人物考点二：不定代词：

先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词或由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修饰时,引导定语从句用that不用which。Parachutting跳伞ismoreexcitingthananythingelse

Ihavedonebefore.Pleasesendusanyinformation____youhaveaboutthesubject.Thereisnothingintheworld______canfrightenhim.A.关系代词用that不用which的情形：最不序正是人物It'splot,______depictsoneofthecharactersbeingpunishedaftertheirleaderwasdissatisfiedwiththeirwork,hasresonated(共鸣)withawideaudience.April,14isthedateon_____severalprominentauthorsdied.3.Thepersonto_______thisletterwasaddresseddiedthreeyearsago.考点二：先行词指物，使用thatorwhich?B.关系代词用which不用that：指物时，介词后；逗号后(非限)(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。

Therearemanytrees

__________theycanhavearest.

Thisisthering__________shespent1000dollars.2、只用which不用that的情况在非限制性定语从句中。

Football,

______isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.Hefailedintheexam,______madehermotherangry.underwhichonwhichwhichwhich二、“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋whom

/

which”1、介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素：A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear__________mysonwenttocollege.onwhichduringwhichinwhichB.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook_________Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook__________Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook___________welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook___________sheoftentalks?forwhichonwhichfromwhichaboutwhich考点三：定从&其他句型1.区别定语从句与强调句Itisforthisreason________SpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.(

句)Itwasthehouse______hewasborn.(

句)

①定语从句中关系词作成分，充当主语/宾语/表语/状语；②强调句中it无意义，that/who不是引导词；③去掉itis/was和that/who后，如果句子成分完整，句子能够讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是强调句。2.定语从句与并列句的区别89ofthescheduled110performanceswillbegiveninpublicinmajortheatersintheMexicancityoftheGuannajutao,therestof

willbebroadcastonline.89ofthescheduled110performanceswillbegiveninpublicinmajortheatersintheMexicancityoftheGuannajutao,andtherestof

willbebroadcastonline.看前后句之间是否有and，but等并列连词或分号等的存在，若有则为并列句；如果只有逗号，内容是对前面某一名词的补充说明，则为非限制性定语从句。3.that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.(that在从句中_________,______从句)Thefactthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedeverybody.(that在从句中__________,

从句)1.that做的成分不同定语从句的关系词that充当主语、宾语、表语，有时可省略，that还常可以用which来代替。同位语从句的引导词that不充当任何成分，但一般不可省，也不能用which来代替。2.定从和同从作用不同定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容,且该名词通常为抽象名词idea,

fact,

hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question,belief,conclusion等。4.when引导的定从&时间状语从句的区别Thedocumentisthefifthofitskindsince2000,whenChinapublisheditsfirstwhitepaperonspaceactivities.VitaminDisproduced

when

sunlighttouchesourskin.when引导的定从跟在表示时间的先行词后，，when可译为“当时”、“那时”（从句表过去时）；“到时”、“届时”（从句表将来时）。地点状从中的when前边没有表示时间的名词，时间状从的位置灵活，可以置于主句之后,也可以置于主句之前(此时用逗号来分隔主从句),通常都是译成“当......时候”5.where引导的定从&地点状语从句的区别Acaféandasupermarkethavebeenaddedwheretherewasaparkingarea.Acaféandasupermarkethavebeenaddedintheplace

wheretherewasaparkingarea.Ricegrowswellwherethereisenoughwater.Helefttheplacewherehelivedformanyyears.where引导的定从跟在表示地点的先行词后时间状从中的where前边没有表示地点的名词as引导的非限定从asweallknow/asisknowntoall众所周知ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述asisexpected/hoped/supposed正如所预期的asisoftenthecase通常如此asoftenhappens

正如常发生的那样aswecansee如我们所见aswehaveexpected正如我们预料的那样asismentionedabove正如上面提到的常用as引导的非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句指代：引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容，位置:主句之前、之中或之后;意义:正如功能:连接上下文，表达说话人的观点看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等。分隔式定语从句限制性定语从句Shehasfoundthenecklace（that）shelosttwoweeksago.非限制性定语从句

The

house,

which

I

bought

has

a

lovely

garden. 分隔式定语从句要判断定语从句的引导词，就要看引导词在从句中的作用及先行词的词义，因而必须准确判定先行词。在语言的实际应用中，很多时候从句前有不止一个名词或代词，此时要判定先行词就要准确理解题意，依据题意判定先行词。1.

定语从句中插入一个主谓结构(Ithink,Isuppose,Iguess,Iimagine等)ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassion

forChina,which

heremembers

startedasearlyashischildhood.2.先行词与从句之间插入一个介词短语等状语“Therewasonceatown

intheheartofAmerica,where

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.

3.在先行词与从句之间插入一个定语

Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudy

publishedin2014

that/which

showedamerefiveto10minuteadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.4.先行词与定语从句被主句的谓语等成分分隔开来

Aftertheflooding,people

weresufferinginthatarea,who

urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.

Thesematerialsaresaidtohavearestorativeeffectbyre-balancingone’snaturalenergy,or“Qi”,______runsthroughseriesofinvisiblemeridians(经脉)throughoutthebody.Heaskedaboutthefactoriesandworkers_________hehadvisited.The11thAsianGames,at

Chinawon183goldmedals,washeldintheautumnof1990.Iwilltellhimall_____youtoldmeattheball/dancingpartyHelentmealotofmoney,without______Icouldn’tbuytheTVset.Pactice:区分that&whichPracticeIcreatedaworldofmyown_______Icouldenjoymyselftothefull.PlantsaregrowninsideBioPods生物舱,

theyfloatintheairandthenutrient-richmistissprayedovertheroots.Thefifthgrader,_____startedtakingphotographsattheageofthree,

livesinBand

enjoyscapturingeverydaycitycreaturesthatareoftenoverlooked.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors_________homeshadbeendestroyed.Thehousethewindowof______weredamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity________sightmattersmorethanhearing.PracticeItisforthisreason_______SpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.Thenewsthatyouheardistrue.(that在从句中_________,______从句)HerecomesthenewsthatsometouristsfromAmericawillcometoourvillage.(that在从句中_________,______从句)Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers________shehadwipedherhands.4.关系词w