unit+3知识点梳理 人教版英语七年级下册+

英语张老师专用讲义七下unit3单元知识点详解词汇变形1．drive(v.)→____________(过去式)→_______________(n.)驾驶员，司机2．live(v.)→_____________(adj.)活着的；在世的→____________(adj.)充满活力的；生机勃勃的；活泼的【高频】3．across(prep.)→_____________(v.)穿过；横过；越过→_______________(n.)十字路口4．many(adj.)→____________(比较级)更多的(地)→_____________(最高级)最多的(地)5．leave(v.)→________________(过去式)离开；出发6．true(adj.)→______________(adv.)真正地→_______________(n.)真实；真相【高频】7．fight(v.)→_______________(过去式)打架；争吵8．bring(v.)→____________(过去式)拿来；取来；带来→____________(反义词)带走；买下；拿；取____________(过去式)带走【高频】9.sleepv/n→___________(adj.)瞌睡的，困倦的→__________(adj.)睡着的___________(过去式)睡觉10.村庄n.→____________(n)村民二、重点短语1.到达_________________=_____________________=_____________________2....怎么样?______________________3.乘火车________________________4.乘地铁______________________5.认为，想起__________________6.做某事花某人多长时间_______________________________________7.玩的开心，过得愉快_____________________=___________________=__________________8认为...怎么样？_________________________=___________________________9.做某事对某人而言怎么样__________________________________________10.在...和...之间__________________________11.害怕做某事___________________________12.害怕不敢去做某事_____________________13.实现,成为现实______________________14.因做某事而表示感谢___________________15.成百上千___________________________16.停下来去做某事_____________________17.停止做某事_________________________18.梦想(见)做某事______________________19.不得不做某事________________________20.离开去某地___________________________21.把...带到...___________________________三、知识详解1.livev.居住；生活1)live作不及物动词时，意为“居住”，后面接地点要加介词__________，后加地点副词_______介词。第三人称单数是lives。E.g:Wheredoyoulive?IliveinShanghai.E.g:Helivesherefor3years.2)live意为“生活，生存，活着”时，既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。E.g:-Spiderscanliveforseveraldayswithoutfood.-Shelivesaverypeacefullife.3)live还可作形容词，意为________________________E.g:liveanimalsthenumberoflivebirthsE.g:Thereisaliveconcertnextweekinourschool.【词义辨析】live&lifelifen.生活；生命△life作名词，既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。作“________”讲时，是不可数名词；eg:Lifeislikeajourney.作“________”讲时是可数名词，其复数是lives。E.g:Threepeoplelosttheirlivesintheaccident.常用搭配：lifeanddeath生与死livea….life过着….的生活E.g:Sheleadsaverypeacefullife.=Shelivesaverypeacefullife.常见的使用life的词组有：_____________________丧生_________________________救……的命giveone’slife_____________come(back)tolife_____________________2.crossv.横过；越过v.意为“穿越，越过；（表面上）横过；渡过”E.g:crossa/theroad横穿道路crossthesea/mountain越过大海/翻越高山__________________________________.这座桥横跨这条河。Theycrossedthefinishinglinetogether.他们同时越过终点线。v.意为“_______________________”E.g:crossyourarms/legs交叉两臂/双腿【拓展】n.意为“叉字形，十字形记号；十字架”E.g:Iputacrossonthemaptoshowwherethehotelis.E.g:Shewearsagoldcrossonachainaroundherneck.她脖子上戴了个金的十字架项链。【词义辨析】cross&across&crossing&through①acrossadv./prep.意为“穿过；越过”，强调动作在物体_____________越过。cross=goacrossE.g:_________________________________/_______________________________________他们帮学生过河。②crossingn.十字路口③throughadv./prep.意为“穿过；越过；透过”，强调动作从______________穿过E.g:Thesandrunsthroughmyfingers.沙子从我的手指间漏下去。E.g:Thedoctorpushedhiswaythroughthecrowd.医生挤过人群。E.g:Getthroughthisgate,andyoucanseethehouseonyourleft.dreamn.梦想3.dream1）n.意为“梦想；梦”E.g:Ihaveadreamtobeascienceteacher.E.g:Hemadeadreamaboutdinosaurslastnight.2）v.意为“做梦”(dream—dreamt)①_______________________________梦见某人/某物E.g:Hedreamtaboutdinosaurslastnight.=Hemadeadreamaboutdinosaurslastnight.②dreamof/aboutsth.=____________________________________梦想做某事E.g:Shedreamsofrunningherownbusiness.4.thinkof认为；想起thinkof想起;认为它的句型“whatdoyouthinkof…？=Howdoyoulike…？你认为…怎么样？”【拓展】与think有关的常见短语有：_______________________.考虑做某事 _______________________仔细思考thinktwice______________________ thinkup想出来thinkhighlyof_______________________________________________回想5.【辨析】spend,cost,pay与take(1)spend的主语___________________。常用于________________________________________或________________________________意为“某人花时间/金钱做某事”。eg:Ispent5dollarsonthebook.=Ispent5dollars_____(buy)thebook.(2)cost的主语只能是____________。常用于__________________________________________意为“某物花费某人多少钱”。eg:Theskirt_____her200yuan.那裙子花费她200元。(3)pay的主语________________________。用于________________________________________意为“某人为某物付款”。eg:He_____1000yuan_____theTVset.(4)take用于_____________________________________________________句型中。eg:It_____halfanhour_______________schoolonfoot.步行上学花费他半小时。.6.【辨析】take，bring与fetchtake意为“带走，拿走”，强调从bring意为“带走”，强调将某人或某物fetch意为“去拿，去取”，即离开，强调动作的9.【辨析】say,speak,talk与tellsay意为“说，讲”，它speak意为“”，（在会上）发言要用speaktalk意为“”，有不及物动词和名词两种词性，tell意为“”，侧重于“告诉”的含义多一些，常用10.【辨析】look,read,see与watchlook“看”表动作，强调___________，多以词组形式出现，如lookat,looklike,.lookafter等read意为“读”，多指看书、看报、看杂志、看图等see意为“看见，看到”，侧重于____________，常用句式：seesbdo/doingsthwatch意为“____________”，指非常仔细地、有目的地、特定地看，多接____________四、语法聚焦（一）交通方式介词in/on和by与交通工具的名词搭配表示交通方式：

①用“by＋交通工具名词”表示交通方式。此时交通工具的名词只能用单数，不能用复数，也不能被冠词或物主代词等限定。如：bybike,bybus,bycar,bytrain,byship,byplane等。

E.g:Theyoftengohomebybus．

②用“in（on）＋交通工具名词”。此时交通工具名词前必须有冠词、名词所有格形式或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰。其用法与“by＋交通工具名词”相似。

E.g:Heoftengoestoschoolona（his）bike．

E.g:Wegothereinacar．

③用“takea（the）＋交通工具名词”表示交通方式。如：takeabus,takeatrain,takeaship,takeaplane；但“骑自行车”要用rideabike来表示。

E.g:Willyoutakeabustogothere?你乘汽车去那儿吗?

④表示“步行去某地”,可用两种句式：

（1）goto＋某地＋onfoot。

E.g:Shegoestoworkonfoot．

（2）walkto＋某地。

E.g:Hewalkstoschooleveryday.（二）特殊疑问句定义：用来对句子的某一特殊部分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。声调：特殊疑问句一般用降调。结构：特殊疑问词＋动词（be动词/助动词）+主语+谓语+其他？对它的回答不能用Yes或者No，要根据询问的内容具体回答。例如：E.g:－Wherewereyouatthattime?—Iwasathome.E.g:—Whattimedoyougotoschool.—Igotoschoolat7.特殊疑问词的种类：课堂练习一、单词拼写。课堂练习1.I’ma________ofsnakesbecauseIthinktheyaredangerous.2.Mygrandmais89yearsoldandshewillben_______thenextyear.3.It’seasyforustogototheparkbys________.4.Thatboyisn_______here,somanypeopledon’tknowhim.5.Fiftyandfiftyisoneh_______.6.Everytimehec________theroad,helookstherightandtheleft.7.Thereisab_______overtheriver.8.Thereissixtym________inanhour.9.Ourdreamwillcomet_______byworkinghard.10.B_______thetwotrees,thereisabigwoodenhouse.阅读理解。ASmalltalkisagoodwaytokilltimeandmakefriends.Ifyoutraveltoothercountries,doyouknowwhattosaytobeginsmalltalkwithforeignpeople?IntheUK,thebesttopic(话题)istheweather.Britishweatherchangesveryoften.“It’salovelydaytoday,isn’tit?”Besidestheweather,it’sgoodtotalkaboutgardenswithEnglishpeople.Youcansay,“Thoseflowerslookreallybeautiful,don’tthey?”Englishpeoplelovetheirpets,soit’salsonicetobeginwith“Whatacutedog!What’shisname?”IntheUSA,peopleliketotalkaboutsports,likeAmericanfootball.Theyalsotalkaboutclothesbysaying“It’saniceshirt!Wheredidyougetit?”Weatherisasafetopicthere,too.Ofcourse,youshouldavoid(避免)alotoftopicsduringsmalltalkinwesterncountries.Don’taskpeople“Howoldareyou?”.Age,especiallyforwomen,isusuallysecret.Neverask“Howmuchmoneydoyoumake?”Itmakespeopleunhappy.Don’taskstrangerswhethertheyaremarriedorhaveagirlfriendoraboyfriend.1.Whatdoes“smalltalk”mean?A.闲谈B.小声谈话C.秘密交谈D.短暂的通话2.WhatisasafesmalltopicforAmericanandEnglishpeople?A.ClothesB.WeatherC.MoneyD.Age3.WhichisNOTagoodtopicforsmalltalk?A.Areyoumarried?B.Lovelyweather,isn’tit?C.Wheredidyougettheniceshirt?D.Thoseflowerslookreallybeautiful,don’tthey?4.Agoodsmalltalkcanhelpyou________.A.makefriendswithothersB.makemoneyC.writeaweatherreportD.writeanarticle5.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Whydowebeginsmalltalk?B.Goodandbadtopicforsmalltalk.C.Howcanwemakefriends?D.Howcanweasktheweather?第二节：根据短文内容，从所给选项中选出五个句子完成短文。Theweatherisfinetoday.MyfriendnamedSteveandIdecidetosleepintheopenair(户外).Ifindthesleepingbagsunderthebedinmyroom.____6____.Wecan’twaitforittogetdark.Weopenoursleepingbagsandputthemonthegrassinfrontofmyhouse.SteveandIplaysomegames,talkaboutsomethinginterestingandhaveasnack.____7____.Wearejustfallingasleepwhenweheardsomethingunusual.“Maybeitisjustasmallanimal,”Isay.Stevesaysnothing,____8____.AfterIlookaround,Iwassureitisn’tananimal.___9_____.“Whatareyoudoinghere?”Iask.“Youknow,Tommy,youfrightenus.”“Sorry,Bill,”hesays.“___10_____.Iwanttosleepoutsidewithyou.”“Well,OK,”Isay.“Justcomeandliedownnexttous.”“Goodnight,BillandSteve,”saidTommy.“Andthanks.”A.Ialsopackedsomesnacks(零食).B.It'shotintheroom.C.Intheenditgetdark.D.Itismylittlebrother,Tommy.E.butIcanfeelheisfrightened(吓到).F.Iamtootiredtofallasleep.完形填空。Mrs.Satoissad（nothappy）.Itisherbirthday,andshehasnofamilieswith1.Herhusbanddied（去世）in1995.Herdaughterdoesn’tliveinthe2city.Hersonisworking.Mrs.Satogoestothetelephoneandcallsacompany（公司）inTokyo,Japan.“Hello”，awomananswers.“Hello”，Mrs.Satosays.“I’dliketorentafamily.”“3wouldyoulike?”thewomanasksMrs.Sato.“Ason?Adaughter?Somegrandchildren?”“I’dliketorent(租)adaughter,ason-in-law,andtwograndchildren,”Mrs.Satosays.Atseveno’clockthatevening,4actorscometoMrs.Sato’shouse——awoman,aman,andtwochildren.“HappyBirthday!”theactorssay.TheactorsarewithMrs.Satoforthreehours.Theytalkwithher,eatdinnerwithher,andwatchTVwithher.Thentheygohome.Mrs.Satois5.NoonecametoMrs.Sato’sbirthday,6shecalledRent-A-Family.Rent-A-FamilyisanewcompanyinTokyo.Thecompanysends7topeople’shouses.Thefamiliesarereallyactors.Theactors8forthreehours.Thecostis$1,000.Mostpeoplerentfamiliesbecausetheyhavenofamilieswiththem.Theirchildrenandgrandchildren9comeandseethem.Butsomepeoplerentfamiliesbecausetheyliketheactors.Onewomansays,“Ialwaysargue（争吵）withmyson,anddaughter-in-law.ButI10__arguewithmyrentedfamily.MyfamilyisOK.Butmyrentedfamilyisbetter!”()1.A.itB.himC.herD.them()2.A.sameB.differentC.bigD.small()3.A.WhyB.WhenC.HowD.What()4.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four()5.A.beautifulB.funnyC.happyD.lazy()6.A.soB.orC.andD.but()7.A.giftsB.wishesC.dreamsD.families()8.A.eatB.visitC.talkD.see()9.A.enjoyB.forgetC.don’tD.remember()10.A.neverB.oftenC.usuallyD.sometimesBHi,I’mMary.Iliveonasmallisland(岛),butIworkinasmallcity.SoItakeaboatfromtheislandtothecityeveryday.Itusuallytakesabout35minutestogettothecity.ThenIwalktomycompany(公司).It’sonlya5⁃minutewalk.

MynameisSarahandI’manEnglishteacher.Itakethetraintoworkeveryday.Thetrainsrunevery20minutes.Thetrainstationisnearmyhome.Itonlytakes10minutesfrommyhometomyschool.

Hello,I’mMariaandI’macollegestudent(大学生).Iliveinthecollege.Thecollegeisverybig.Iwalkfromonebuilding(楼房)toanother.Sometimesittakes15minutestogetfromonebuildingtothenext.WhenIwanttobuysomeclotheswithmyfriendsoutsidethecollege,weusuallytakeabus.Thebusesdon’trunafter10:00p.m.Sowhenwecomebackafterthattime,wehavetotakeatax