文档wc2001.3笔试答案

PAGEPAGE42001.3月上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试参考答案:SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation1.sleepandeat11.announcementsandtheassignment2.getsomeexercise12.becauseyouaresick3.doallthesethings13.makeupthework4.andwritepapers14.beforeyouaresick5.haveaquiz15.Inhighschool6.Shouldyousleeplate16.getaperfectscore7.theprofessorofthecourse17.answereveryquestioncorrectly8.theyrequireattendance18.basicideas9.Onceinawhile19.hisorherofficehours10.morethanafewtimes20.repeat10.whattheysaidinclassPartB:ListeningComprehension1—5ADBCA6—1011—15BDAAC16—20BABCASECTION2：READINGTEST1—5DBBCA6—10BCDDA11—15DCCBA16—20DABCDSECTION3：TRANSLATIONTEST请思考一下同一个人在相隔8年前后说的话，“说到底，贫穷与其说是指生活在贫穷的国家、不如说是指只拥有低劣的技术。”这是比尔·盖茨在1992年说的话。想当年，这位微软公司董事长的形象是个待人严厉、有自由(意志论)倾向的家伙，他得意地宣称只需要靠自己的产品就可以“改变世界。”……是的，即便是今天的资本家偶像比尔·盖茨，似乎也改变了想法。1992年时充满自信的盖茨显然属于那个时代，相信他从事的行业拥有改变世界的能力，确信市场和新技术的力量一旦得到释放，就可以解放世界上的绝大多数问题。但是新千年的盖茨对此持怀疑态度，表现出一种对奉献和政府援助的热情。尽管他已是亿万富翁，但也越来越认识到自冷战结束以来盛行的“全球资本主义是万灵药”的意识形态一定有不当之处。SECTION4：LISTENINGTESTPartA:Note-takingandGap-filling1.farmers/land-owners/peasants2.job/post3.cowboys4.college/university5.campus6.banned/regarded/described7.fame/reputation/identity/popularity8.adult/grown-up/average/ordinary9.age/stratum10.annual/yearly/total/entire11.50012.movies/films/pictures13.servicemen/soldiers/Gis14.unavailability15.increase/growth16.demand/need/requirement17.exporting/selling/marketing18.European19.Latin20.EastPartB:ListeningandTranslationⅠ.SentenceTranslation1.16岁以上人士可以读继续教育学院，许多课程是与工作相关的职业课程。2.艺术教学有许多方法，但我认为主要的是要鼓励每个孩子的想像力，允许他们尽可能自由地表达自己。3.接下来的数月里销售额持续下降，但随后形势好转，销售陡然上升。4.我谈一下英国公路交通事故问题。1992年到2000年期间，事故总数波动很大。5.我们是意大利公司在英国的子公司，我们正在考虑为英国开发一些新产品系列，比如供应英国市场饮料。Ⅱ.PassageTranslation1.1970年到1990年期间，伴随着农业人口下降，城市人口幅上升。在有些年份，100多万男女离开农场，到国内日益扩大的城市地区寻找更好的机会。在另一极端，主要是年轻夫妇从旧城区迁往郊区，寻求更好的生活条件以抚养自己的家庭。结果是巨大的城郊住宅开发项目几乎是一夜之间冒了出来。2.烟草业今天就香烟广告向卫生部发出反击。他们发表了一份报告，声称香烟广告并不鼓励人们抽更多的烟，只是鼓励人们买某种品牌的烟。报告的依据是从全球90个国家收集的数据。报告与卫生部上有月发表的数字有冲突，这些数字表明禁止广告会减少香烟消费。烟草业的发言人说“如果一种产品合法，那么做这种产品的广告也应该是合法的。”SECTION5：READINGTEST(答案要点)1.ashowofpostcardswithdrawingsfromhundredsofartists,“celebrities”(well-knownpeople)/includingsculptors,fashiondesignersandmusicians/comedians2.drawingsonblankpostcardpersonallybyartists/someareinternationallyfamous/eachpieceis“anonymous”/namesofartistswillnotbeknownuntiltheendoftheshow/someofthedrawingscanbemostpreciousandvaluable3.anartlover/whoknowssomeoftheartiststheirstylesquitewell/interestedintheexperienceof“buyingblindly”/boughtsomevaluablecard4.others:“content”toproduce/make“astory”/programnotdirectlyinvolvedinsocialchangessleepandeat.Youalsowanttospendtimewithyournewfriendsandgetsomeexercise.But,afterthefirsttwoweeksofclasses,youhaveprobablyconcludedthatthereisn'tenoughtimetodoallthesethings,becauseyoualsohavenoattendclasses,gotolabs,doassignmentsandwritepapers.Soonyouwillbeinasituationlikethisone:Youaregoingtohaveaquizinyourteno'clockclass.Youstudiedforituntil3a.m.Youalsohaveaneighto'clock.Shouldyousleeplateandskiptheeighto'clockclass?Tosomeextenttheanswerdependsontheprofessorofthecourse.Someinstructorsannouncethattheyrequireattendance.Inthatcaseyoureallyshouldgotoclass.Somedon'tsayanything.Inthatcaseyouhavetodecide.Onceinawhileitisbettertostayinbedandsleepthantogetsotiredyoucannotthink,However,itisnotagoodideatoskipclassmorethanafewtimes.Ifyouhavetoskipaclass.askanotherstudentfortheclassnotes,announcementsandtheassignment.Also,cometothenextclassprepared.Ifyoumissclassbecauseyouaresick,telltheinstructorafterward.Heorshemayletyoumakeupthework.Ifyouhaveanimportantappointment,telltheinstructoraboutitbeforeyoumisstheclass.Hereisanotherproblem.Youtookthequiz.Evenafterstudyingveryhard,youcouldnotanswerallthequestions.Inhighschoolyoualwaysnoteveryanswerright.Whatwentwrong?Nothing.Highschoolworkiseasy,soagoodstudentissupposedtogetaprefectscore.Incollegetheteacherwantstochallengeeventhebeststudents.Therefore,almostnobodyanswerseveryquestioncorrectly.Butmaybetheresomeverybasicideasinthatcourseyoudon'tunderstand.Goseetheteacherduringhisorherofficehours.Mostteacherswillgladlyexplainthingsagain.Ofcourse,theywillnotbepleasedtorepeatwhattheysaidinclasstosomeonewhoskippedclass.Maybeyoureallyshouldgetupforthateighto'clockclass!PartB:ListeningComprehensionDirections:Inthispartofthetesttherewillbesomeshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachone,youwillbeaskedsomequestion.Thetalks,conversationandquestionwillbespokenONLYONCE.NowlistencarefullyandchoosetherightanswertoeachquestionyouhaveheardandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Nowlet'sbeginPartBListeningComprehension.Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingconversation.(Male)Irecentlyreadanarticlewhichsaidthatinprimaryschoolsinparticularchancesofpromotionsofwomeninprimaryeducation.Isthissomethingyou'venoticedoristhissomethingyoufeel?(Female)No,thisissomethingthatisso.Ireadthatarticle,too.Iwouldhavewrittenitmyself,really.Andwecomebackfullcirclereallybecauseit'snotjustteaching,Imeanit'severythingthatmenaregettingpromotionmorequicklythanwomen.Intheprimarysectortherearefarmorewomenteachersthanmenbuttherearemoreheadmastersthanheadmistresses.(Male)Sowheredoesthatleavesomeonelikeyou?Imeanwhat,whatarethepossibilitiesofyourpromotioninprimaryeducation?Atthemomentyou'reinchargeofasectionoftheschool.(Female)YesI'minchargeoftheinfantdepartmentwhichgoesfromthechildrenwhoarethreetothechildrenwhoareseven.Andtheytransferwhentheyareseventohigheruptheschoolwhichiscalledthejuniordepartment,SoI'minchargeoftheLower(Male)Anddoyouhaveambitioninthatsense?Imeanwouldyouliketobeaheadmistress?(Female)NononoIwouldnot.Iwouldnotliketobeaheadmistressatall.ImeanthisisthenextstageofmycareerwereIambitious...um...butIbasicallyenjoybeingaclassroomteacher.Nowperhapsthisgivesacluetowhytherearenotmorewomenheads.Idon'tknowImeaninthepastitmayhavebeenthat,anditmaystillbe,thatbecauseboysarebroughtuptobemoreambitious,thatthey'retheoneswhoaregoingforpromotionandquickpromotion,Imeanrapidpromotionsothattheyareheadsbythetimethey'rethirtyandtheystartoutintheircareerthinkingthatwhereasIenjoybeingaclassteacherandum－IwasadeputyheadbeforeIgotthispostbutIprefertobeintheclassroomwiththechildrenthansittingatadeskdoingadministrationwhichiswhatbeingaheadmeansifyou'reaheadofalargishschool.(Male)Areyoupleasedthatyouchoseprimaryteachingasacareerandif...ifsomeonecameuptoyouatschoolleavingageandwaswonderingaboutwhattheyweregoingtodo,wouldyouadvisethemtofollowinyourfootsteps?(Female)I'mverypleasedthatIdid－wellI'mpleasedmostofthetime.MondaymorningI'mnotpleased.SomemorningsduringtheweekandtheendoftheholidaysI'mnotpleased.I'maprimaryschoolteacher,ImeanbasicallyIam.BecauseIleftteachingonceandthenwentbackintoit,soIthinkthatshowsthatIamcommittedtobeaprimaryschoolteacher.QuestionNO.1.Whathasthemanreadrecently?QuestionNO.2.Whatdoesthewomanmeanbythe“LowerSchool”?QuestionNO.3.Accordingtothewoman,whydomengetrapidpromotion?QuestionNO.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantforherself?QuestionNO.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothedialogue?Question6to10arebasedonthefollowingnews.NEWDELHIItalian-bornSoniaGandhiwasoverwhelminglyreelectedpresidentofIndia'soppositionCongressPartyyesterday,crushingtheunwelcomechallengeoflittle-knowndissident.AseniorofficialofthetroubledcentristgroupsaidthewidowofformerprimeministerRajivGandhiwonallbut180ofthe7,767ballotscastbypartydelegatesaroundthecountryonSunday.Formerpartyvice-presidentJitendraPrasada,whomadehistorybybecomingthefirstpersontocontesttheleadershipofIndia'soldestpartyagainstamemberoftheNehru-Gandhidynasty,tookjust94votes.Eighty-sixothervoteswereinvalid.Morethan2,000exuberantGandhisupportersgatheredoutsidetheCongressPartyheadquartersinNewDelhiasthevotecountcametoaclose.Manyofthemhadalreadycompletedseveralhoursofcelebration,settingofffirecrackers,wavingbannersandchantingGandhi'snameLISBONARussian-builtAntonovplanecrashednearLuandayesterday,killingall40peopleaboardandonepersonontheground,Portugal'sLusanewsagencyreportedfromtheAngolancapital.LusahadearlierquotedAngolanNationalRadioassayingthe24peoplewerebelievedaboardtheplanethatcamedownat13∶00localtime,somefiveminutesaftertakingoff.ThePortugueseagencysaidthatoneofitscorrespondentshadcounted41bodiesatthesceneofthecrashinopencountryontheoutskirtsofLuanda.Itsaidthatthebodies,includingsomewomenandchildren,werebadlyburned.BOGOTAColombia'stoprebelgroupbrokeoffpeacetalkswiththegovernmentyesterday,sayingithadfailedtohaltright-wing“terrorism”andwaslayingthegroundworkforaVietNam-style,USmilitaryinterventionintheAndeannation.ThesurprisemovebytheRevolutionaryArmedForcesofColombia(FARC),LatinAmerica'slargestrebelarmy,cameatameetinginitsSwitzerland-sizedsafehaveninsoutheasternjungles,whereguerrillacommandersandgovernmentdelegatesweresupposedtooutlinetermfortheirfirstbilateralcease-firein13years.Instead,FARCissuedastifflywordedstatementsayingitwasindefinitelysuspendingtheslow-movingpeacetalksitbeganinJanuary1999.BERNETheSwissGovernmentaskedparliamentyesterdaytoratifyatreatyestablishinganinternationalcriminalcourttotrymassmurderersandothergrossviolatorsofhumanrights.Thecourt,tobebasedintheDutchcityofTheHague,wouldtrythemostheinouscrimes－genocide,warcrimesandcrimesagainsthumanity.“Settingupapermanentcriminalcourtthataimstoputanendtoleavingcriminalsunpunishedhasbeenexpectedfordecades.Itscreationmarksavaluablecontributiontopeaceandsecurity,”theforeignministrysaidinastatement.Twenty-twocountrieshaveratifiedthetreatydrawnupinRomein1998.Atotalof60mustdosobeforethecourtcanstartup.Some115countrieshavesignedupforthecourt,signalingtheirintentiontoratifythetreaty.PARISFrenchauthoritiesclaimtheywilldestroyallmeatandbonemealusedinthemanufactureofanimalfeedyesterday.TheclaimwasmadeonedayafterPrimeMinisterLionelJospinannouncedabanonsuchfeedtopreventthespreadof“madcowdisease.”FrancoisPatriat,theFrenchStateSecretaryforConsumptionundertheMinistryofAgriculture,saidFrancehasthemeanstocopewiththisemergencysituation.Franceneedstodestroyabout1milliontonsofsuchfeedwithinoneyear.Ithassofardestroyed140,000tonsandisintheprocessofstockinganddestroying500,000tonsmorenow.QuestionNo.6.WhathappenedrecentlyinIndia?QuestionNo.7.HowmanypeoplewerekilledinaplanecrashinAngola?QuestionNo.8.WhathappenedintheLatinAmericancountryofColombia?QuestionNo.9.WhatdoestheSwissgovernmentasktheparliamenttodo?QuestionNo.10.WhatdotheFrenchauthoritiesclaimtheywilldo?Question11to15arebasedonfollowinginterview.(Male)So,Juulietyou...youhaveaverypowerfulvoice,withawonderfulrangefromhightolow...doesittakealotoflookingafter?(Female)Um...notmoresothananybodyelse,Idon'tthink...um,buter,I'mverylazy,I'msureI'mdoingalotofthingswrong,um,buter,sofarsogood.IdolookafteritinthefactthatItrynottogetverytired,orwearmyselfout,becausenotjust,youknow,...talkingdoesasmuchdamage,andlaughingthewrongway,assingingdoes...(Man)Itthatso?Ididn'trealisethat...(Female)Yeah...Somepeopletalk...Ifyoutalklikethis,youputalotofstrainonthebackofcordsthere,um,thatdoesalotofdamagetoyourvocalsoveranumberofyears,soyoutryand,ItryandtalkthewayI'mtalkingnow,notveryfast,notveryhigh-pitched,andwithoutmuchpressureonmyvoice.(Man)Whenyou'resinging,yousound,yourvoicesoundswonderfullyrelaxed,butthat'snottheideathatmostpeoplewouldhaveofthemusicbusinessasawhole.Isthe,isthelife-styleverystressful?(Female)Yes,asamatteroffact,it'sverydemanding,um,it'sprobablylikea,anexecutivejob,um,whereyoucan'tcomehomeatacertainnine-to-five,youcan'tspendalotofyourtimewithpeoplearoundyou,youfeeldetachedbecauseyouknow,it'slike,I,I...Idon'tnecessarilyhaveaschedule,Imightworkweekends,um,but...Idon'tactuallymind,butit'slikeyourfamily,yourboyfriend,oryourhusband,orwhatever,theycan'tgettoseeyou,it'slikelastnight,I,erit'slikeIwassupposedtobegoingouttodinnerwitholdfriend,youknowwithsomefriends,and,Iended,Iwasatastudio,andIsaid,ohIshouldbefinishedaroundseven,andofcourseeleveno'clockcame,andIwasstillatthestudio,andeverybodywasravingmad,andIgotthereonlytofindthateverybodywasgettingreadytoleavetherestaurant...Thingslikethatdohappen,youknowyoucan't,you...you'renottiedtothat,andbecauseofthatsometimesyoufeelyoucan'tdothingsthatotherpeople,nine-to-five,cando.YoumighthaveadayoffonaTuesday,andallyournine-to-fivefriendshavegottogetuptogotowork,sotheydon'tnecessarilywanttogooutonthetownortothecountrysideortothebeach,thewayyoumightwanttoonaSaturday,andsoyoufindthatyou,youchange,andyouhangaroundwithmorepeopleinthebusiness,becausetheirschedulesallfityours...(Man)Youmeanitisyourmusiccareerthatdeterminesthepatternofyoursociallife?(Female)Yes,Imeanyoucanhavemoreofasociallifewithinthebusiness.It'snotthatyoujustwanttohangoutwiththefamouspeople,it'sjustthatthey'retheonesthatareavailable...QuestionNo.11.Whatisthejobofthewomanisbeinginterviewed?QuestionNo.12.Intheinterview,thewomaniscomparingherjobwithanothertypeofwork.QuestionNo.13.Accordingtotheinterview,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?QuestionNo.14.Whydidthewomanletdownherfriendsbybeinglateattherestaurantlastnight?QuestionNo.15.Whatisthemaintopicofthisinterview?Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingtalk.(Man)IntheUnitedStates,homelessnesshadgrownatadramaticrateduringthelastdecade.EstimatesofthenumberofAmericanscurrentlywithoutapermanenthomevarywildly.AdvocacygroupsliketheNationalCoalitionfortheHomelesssaythatcloseto3millionAmericansliveonthestreetsorinemergencyandtemporaryshelters.TheU.S.DepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopmentputsthefigureat350,000.Yetbothbureaucratsandadvocatesagreeononepoint,thatis,thefaceofhomelessnesshaschangedradicallyinthepast10years,asmoreandmorelow-incomehousingismoweddowninthenameofprogress.Some20yearsago,saysKristenMorris,assistantdirectoroftheNewYork,officeoftheNationalCoalitionfortheHomeless,thetypical“streetperson”wasaWhitemalewhosufferedfromamentalillnessoranaddictiontodrugsoralcohol.Today'shomeless,however,areamoreeclecticgroup.Morethan60percentofthehomelesstodayareBlack,mostlysinglemotherswithsmallchildren.Morethanhalfofthemhaveneverbeenhomelessbefore.Inmanycases,theyhavebeenevictedformtheirhomes,orthelow-incomehousinginwhichtheylivedwasdemolishedorburneddown.About60percentofallhomelesspeopleliveonsomeformofpublicassistancewithanaveragemonthlyincomeof210dollars.About20percentarementallyill.AccordingtoMarieRobinsonwhoisalawyerforthecoalitionfortheHomeless,“Therehasbeenarealdemocratizationofskidrow”.Allsortsofpeoplehavebeenpushedoutofthehousingmarketbecauseofthecriticalshortageofaffordableplacestolive.Asaresult,homelessnesshasclimbedtothetopofthe“me-generation's”shortlistofsocialconcerns.Butthereisagreatgapbetweenconcernandactiveinvolvementintheefforttosolvethisgrowingproblem.Formanypeople,theinactionisduetoignorance,notindifference.AccordingtoEllenRocks,whoisexecutivedirectoroftheHouseofRuth,aWashington,D.C.,organizationthatprovidesshelterandotherservicestowomenwhoarehomelessorarethevictimsofdomesticviolence,“Thereareaalotofpeoplewhowanttogetinvolvedbutdon'treallyknowhow.”Thefactisthattherearemanywaysinwhichindividualscanhelpthehomeless.Yetforthosepeopletrulyinterestedinthecause,oneofthefirststepsistogettoknowthehomelessandunderstandhowtheybecamethatway.Manyadvocatesbelievethatitisimportantformiddle-classpeopletogettoknowandreachouttothehomelessandbridgethegapthatexists.“Middle-classpeoplehavetolearnthatwhatishappeninginAmericatodayisall-outwaronthepoor.JustasAmericaoncerobbedtheIndiansoftheirland,todaywe'rerobbingthepoorofaffordablehousing.”QuestionNo.16.AccordingtotheUSDepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopment,howmanyAmericansarehomeless?QuestionNo.17.Accordingtotalk,whichofthefollowingisresponsibleforthedramaticgrowthrateofhomelessness?QuestionNo.18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthehomelesspeople?QuestionNo.19.Whyisthereagreatgapbetweenmereconcernandactiveinvolvementinsolvingtheproblem?QuestionNo.20.Accordingtothetalk,whatisoneofthefirststepstohelpthesehomelesspeople?SECTION4:LISTENINGTESTPartA:Note-takingandGap-fillingDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearashorttalk.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Whilelisteningtothetalk,youmaytakenotesontheimportantpointssothatcanhaveenoughinformationtocompleteagap-fillingtaskonaseparateANSWERBOOKLET.YouwillnotgetyourANSWERBOOKLETuntilafteryouhavelistenedtothetalk.Nowlistentothetalkcarefully.(Woman)Beyonddoubt,thejeansphenomenonisaseismiceventinthehistoryofdress,andnotonlyintheUnitedStates.Indeed,thehabitofwearingjeansis－alongwiththecomputer,thecopyingmachine,rockmusic,poliovaccine,andthehydrogenbomb－oneofthemajorcontributionsoftheUnitedStatestopostwarworldatlarge.Beforethenineteen-fifties,jeanswereworn,principallyintheWestandSouthwestoftheUnitedStates,bychildren,farmers,manuallaborerswhenonthejob,andofcourse,cowboys.Therewereisolatedexceptions－forexample,artistsofbothsexestooktobluejeansinandaroundSantaFe,NewMexico,inthenineteen-twentiesandthirties;around1940,themalestudentsatWilliamsCollegetookthemupasamarkofdifferentiationfromthechino-wearingsnobsofYaleandPrinceton;andinthelatefortiesthefemalestudentsofBenningtonCollegeadoptedthemasavirtualuniform,thoughonlyforwearoncampus－butinthenineteen-fifties,JamesDeanandMarlonBrandoworejeansinmoviesaboutyouthinarevoltagainstparentsandsociety.JohnWayneworetheminmoviesaboutuntrammeledheroesinalawlessOldWest,manyschoolsfromcoasttocoastgaveaboosttojeansbybanningthemasinappropriateforclassrooms.Sojeansacquiredtheideologicalbaggagenecessarytopropelthemtonationalfame.Afterthatfamecamequickly,anditwasnotlongbeforeyoungAmericans－whethertoexpresssocialdissent,toenjoycomfort,ortofollowtheirpeers－hadbecomesoattachedtotheirjeansthatsomehardlyevertookthemoff.Accordingtoajeansauthority,ayoungmanintheNorthBronxwithalargeandindulgentfamilyattainedsomesortofrecordbycontinuouslywearingthesamepairofjeans,evenforbathingandsleeping,forovereightmonths.Eventually,asalltheworldknows,thepopularityofjeansspreadfromcowboysandanomicyouthstoadultAmericansofvirtuallyeveryareandsociopoliticalposture,conspicuouslyincludingJimmyCarterwhenhewasacandidateforthepresidency.Truckscontainingjeanscametorankasoneofthethreeleadingtargetsofhijackers,alongwiththosecontainingliquorandcigarettes.EstimatesofjeanssalesintheUnitedStatesvarywildly,chieflybecausethelinebetweenjeansandslackshascometobeafuzzyone.Accordingtothemostconservativefigures,putoutbytheleadingjeansmanufacturer,LeviStrauss&Company,ofSanFrancisco,annualsalesofjeansofallkindsintheUnitedStatesbyallmanufacturersin1957stoodataroundahundredandfiftymillionpairs,whilefor1997theycametooverfivehundredmillion,orconsiderablymorethantwopairsforeveryman,woman,andchildinthecountry.Overseas,jeanshadtowaitslightlylongerfortheirtimetocome.AmericanWesternmoviesandtheexampleofAmericanservicemenfromtheWestandSouthweststationedabroadwho,assoonastheSecondWorldWarended,changeddirectlyfromtheirserviceuniformsintobluejeansboughtatpostexchangesstartedafadforthemamongEuropeansinthelatenineteen-forties.Butthefadremainedasmallone,partlybecauseoftheunavailabilityofjeansinanyquantity;inthosedays,EuropeancustomersconsideredjeansofinferiorqualityunlesstheycamefromtheUnitedStates,whileUnitedStatesjeansmanufacturerswereinclinedtobesatisfiedwithareliabledomesticmarket.Beingalwaysshortofdenim,therough,durable,naturallyshrink-and-stretchcottonclothofwhichbasicjeansaremade,theywerereluctantorunabletoundertakeoverseasexpansion.Gradually,though,denimproductionintheUnitedStatesincreased,andmeanwhiledemandforAmerican-madejeansbecameveryoverwhelminginpartsofEurope.Atfirst,thedemandwasgreatestinGermany,France,England,andtheBeneluxnations;lateritspreadtoItaly,SpainandScandinavia,andeventuallytoLatinAmericanandtheFarEast.PartB:ListeningandTranslationⅠ.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetest,youwillhear5English