英语词汇资料：词汇课15-课堂笔记

20000词汇巅峰速记营词汇记忆第15节本节课目标1、掌握词根-forc,-fort的含义；2、掌握词根-trib的含义1)强迫；强制Ifsomeoneforcesyoutodosomething,theymakeyoudoiteventhoughyoudonotwantto,forexamplebythreateningyou.2)(N-UNCOUNT)暴力；武力Ifsomeoneusesforcetodosomething,orifitisdonebyforce,strongandviolentphysicalaction3)(N-UNCOUNT)力量；力气；威力Forceisthepowerorstrengthwhichsomethinghas.4)军队(指陆海空三军之一或三军)Theforcesmeansthearmy,thenavy,ortheairforce,orall助记：forc(强迫)+ed(形容词后缀)→强迫的；被迫的forceful['fo:sfol;-f(o)!]助记：force(力量；强力)+ful(形容词后缀)→强有力的forcefully[fbrsfoli]adv.激烈地；强有力地；有说服力地助记：force(力量；强力)+ful(形容词后缀)+ly(副词性后缀)→强有力地forcibly[fo:stbli]ad助记：force(力量；强力)+ible(能够…的)+ly(副词性后缀)→强制地；用力地；有↓武力可以…的workforce['wy:kf:s]n.劳动力；工助记：work(工作，劳动)+force(力量)→用于劳动的力量→劳动力；工人总数，职工peopleinacountryorregionwhoarephysicallyawhoareemployedbyaparticularcoairforce[eə(r)fo:s]AirForceOne空军1号reinforce[ri:m'f:s]助记：re(又，再)+in(加入)+force(力量，部队)→又注入力量、部队→增援、加强例句：Suchfindingsreinforcehelplessnessisoneofthemostharmfulfactreinforcement[ri:m'fɔ:sm(ɔ)nt]n.加固；增援；援军；加强7639助记：re(又、再)+in(加入)+force(力量、部队)+ment(名词性后缀)→又注入力量、enforce[m'fɔ:s;en-]vt.强迫，强制；实施，执行助记：en(使动词)+force(力量、效力)→使(法律等)生效、实施enforceable[In'forsɔbl]adj.可实施的；可执行的19992→能够实施的，能够产生效力的，可以执行的助记：en(使动词)+force(力量、效力)+ed(表示动作完成的形容词性后缀)→强制执行enforcement[enfo:sm(ɔ)nt]n.执行，实施助记：en(使动词)+force(力量、效力)+ment(名词性后缀)→执行，实施；强制助记：en(使动词)+force(力量、效力)+er(表示人的名词性后缀)→实施者；强制执行nounuseofadjectivemeaning"strong,stout,sturdy;hard,severe,difficult;harddreadful,terrible;fortified"(10c.),fromLatinfortspirited,"fromOldLatinforctus,whichisofunknownetymolo(2)"high,elevated,"withderivativesreferringtohillsandhill-forts,(N-COUNT;N-IN-NAMES)堡垒；要塞；城堡Afortisastrongbuifortify[fo:tifar]vt.加强；(酒)的酒精含量；增强；设防于13155助记：fort(=force:力量)+ify(使动词后缀)→使加强力量→加强；增强fortified['fo:tifaid]adj.加强的16助记：fort(力量)+ify(使动词后缀)+ed(表示动作完成的形容词性后缀)→使加强力量的→加强的助记：fort(力量；堡垒；要塞)+ify(使动词后缀)+ic(无意义)+ation(名词性后缀)protectedplace,whichisintendedtobedifficultforenemie助记：fort(堡垒；要塞)+ress(名词性后缀)→要塞；堡垒fortitude[fb:ttju:d]n.刚毅，坚毅，不屈不挠17924助记：fort(力量)+itude(表示状态的名词性后缀)→表示人有力量的状态→刚毅，坚表示“状态/度”(N-UNCOUNT)刚毅；坚忍Ifyoubeingbrave,calm,anduncomplainingwhentheyhavee助记：com(加强语气)+fort(=force:力量；strong:坚强，强壮)→给你增加力量，变得(1)(N-UNCOUNT)舒适；舒服Ifyouaredoingsomethingincomfort,yrelaxedandcontented,andarenotfeelinga2)(VERB)安慰；抚慰Ifyoucomfortsomupset,forexamplebysayingkindthingstothem.2)Hiswordswereoflittlcomforter[kʌmfɔtə]n.安慰者；(美)被子；(英)羊毛围巾17068助记：comfort(安慰，慰藉)+er(表示人或物的名词性后缀)→安慰者；(美)被子；(英)comforting['kʌmfotm]adj.安慰的；令人欣慰的助记：comfort(安慰，慰藉)+ing(表示令人…的形容词性后缀)→安慰的；令人欣慰的助记：comfort(舒适，舒服)+able(形容词性后缀，助记：un(否定性前缀)+comfortable(舒适的，舒服的)→不安的；不舒服的comfortably[kʌmftɔbli]助记：comfortable(舒适的，舒服的)+ly(副词性后缀)→舒服地；安乐地；充裕地助记：un(否定性前缀)+comfortably(舒服地；安乐地)→不舒服地；不安乐地助记：dis(否定性前缀)+comfort(舒适，舒服)→不适，不安；不便之处effort[efət]n.努力；成就助记：ef(=ex:出去)+fort(=force:力量)→(花)出去了力量→(付出了)努力；(努力后的)成就1)(N-VAR)努力；气力；精力If2)(N-COUNT)努力的结果；成就theresultofanattempttodosth.ex+fort→effort(x→f助记：effort(努力)+less(否定后缀)→没有付出努力的，不需要付出努力的→容易的；effortlessly[efotli助记：effortless(容易的；不费力的)+ly(副词性后缀)→容易地；不费力气地【课堂笔记】【课堂笔记】「词根-trib=“grant/give批准；给与”「词根-leg表示“法律”L单词leg表示“腿”词根-man表示“手”[单词man表示“人”directlyfromLatintribus"oneo(Tites,Ramnes,andLuceres,corresponding,perhaps,totheLatins,Sabines,andEtruscans),later,e30politicaldivisionsinstfpeopleofthesamerace,language300名科萨族人agroupofpeoplewhoarealldoingthesameth3)(N-COUNT)族(指动植物的一类)(1)(发展中国家，有着相同语言/习俗/信仰的)部落tribe(2)(做相同事情的)一群人/一伙人(3)(动植物中的某个)族助记：tribe(部落；种族)+al(形容词性后缀)→部落的；种族的助记：tribes(部落；种族)+man(人)→部落成员tribute[trbju:t]n.贡物；颂词；礼物5009古代当代toanotherinacknowledgmentofsubmissionorasthepriFrenchtribute,OldFrenchtributanddirectlyfromLatintributum"tcontributedorpaid,"nounuseofneuteroftributus,pastparticipleoftribuere"topay,assign,grant,"助记：trib(=give:给)+ute(名词后缀)→给(其他人的)的东西→贡品、礼物搭配：paytributeto(考):歌颂、赞颂Hepaidtributetotheorganisingctribune[tribju:n]n.(古罗马由平民选出的)保民官；受拥戴的领袖；(公开演讲的)讲坛助记：trib(部落)+une(名词后缀)→部落首领；领袖罗马由平民选出的)保民官；受拥戴的领袖(2)araisedareathatsbstandsontomakeaspeechinpublic(公开演讲的)讲坛tribunal[trarbju:n(ɔ)l;trr-]n.(审理特定案件的)特别法庭，审理委员会7275anddirectlyfromLatintribunal"platformfortheseatofmagistratribunus"officialinancientRome,magistrate,"literallycourtofjusticeorjudicialassembly"(1580s).thatisappointedtodealwithparticularp他的讼案将于3月在劳资法庭受审。tributary['trtbjot(ə)r]adj.纳贡的；附助记：tribute(贡物；颂词)+ary(形容词性后缀)→给别国纳贡的国家是附属于别国的→retribution[retr/bju;ʃ(ə)n]n.报应；惩罚；报答；报偿11933tio)"recompense,repayment,"nounofactionfrompastpafretribuere"handback,repay,"fromre-"back"(seerOriginally"thatwhichisgiveninreturnforpastgforevildone"(1560s)isfromdayofretribution(1520s),例句：Hedidn'twantanyfurtherinvolvemecontribute[kontrrbju:t;kpntrbju:t]vt.捐献；贡献，出力；投稿助记：con(共同)+trib(=give:给)+ute(=ate:东西后缀)→共同给，大家都给→贡献搭配：contributeAtoB(考):将A贡献给BAcontributetoB(考):A有助于B例句：Havingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourofcontribution[kpntr'助记：contribute(捐献；贡献，出力；投稿)+ion(名词性后缀)→贡献；捐献；投稿contributing[kpntr助记：contribute(捐献；贡献，出力；)+ing(形容词性后缀)→起作用的；贡献的contributor[kon'trbjots]n.贡献者；投稿者；捐助者4912助记：contribute(捐献；贡献；投稿)+or(表示人的名词性后缀)→贡献者；投稿者；捐助记：at(加强语气)+trib(=give:给)+ute(=ate:动词后缀):→归因于、归功于(把功abb-acc-add-2)加强语气搭配：attributeto(考):归因于、归功于写作例句：(1)几乎没有人会把失败归因于自身Fewwouldattribute/ascribe/creditthefailuretohimselfandmostpeoplearecomplaining/grumbling/moaning/crabbing/groaningthattheyarenotfortunateenough.Thewaytosuccessistoacknowledge/confess/admityourfailure(2)当各行各业的杰出企业家谈论到什么对他们的成功最重要时，他们更愿意把成功归因Whenoutstanding/eminent/distinguished/famousentrepreneursofallpursuits/ofallwalks/ofallareastalkaboutwhatwasvital/critical/essentialtotheirsuccess,they'dratherattrsuccesstofortuneandhardworkthantalent.(wouldratherdoAthanWhenoutstanding/eminent/distinguished/famousentrepreneursinanydomaintalkabocrucialtotheirsuccess,theyprefertoascribe/credittheirsuccesstofortthantalent.(prefertodoAratherthandoB:比起B来说，更愿意做A)attribute[atrbju:t]n.(人或物的)品质，特征5470(N-COUNT)(人或物的)品质，特征AnattributeisaqualityorfeaturethatsomeoneorCrueltyisanormalattributeofhumanbehaviour.Hehaseveryattributeyoucouldwantan助记：attribute(把…归因于)+ion(名词性后缀)→归因；属性；归属There'susuallyalotofattributionofevilintenttothosewhohavedifferentviews.Attributionofhersuccesssolelytowealthisnotfair.助记：attribute(把…归因于)+able(能够…的形容词性后缀)→可归于…的；可归属的助记：dis(分开)+trib(=give:给)+ute(动词后缀)→分开给→分配，分发、分开搭配：evenlydistributed(考):平均分配ofpeople.StudentsshoutedslogansThousandsofsoldiersareworkingtodistributefoodandblanketstotherefugees.2)(VERB)(在成员中)分配，分派Ifyoudistributethingsamongthemembersofagroup,you3)(VERB)撒；播Todistributeasubst