必修4 Unit 12 课下主题训练 跨文化沟通、包容与合作

PAGE第8页共8页课下主题训练跨文化沟通、包容与合作课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①barrier □ ②crisis □③conflict □ ④misunderstand □⑤cultural □ ⑥shock □⑦condemn □ ⑧controversial □⑨collision □ ⑩dilemma □⑪complicated □ ⑫embarrass □⑬difference □ ⑭communicate □⑮cooperation □ ⑯globalization □⑰exchange □ ⑱local □⑲traditional □ ⑳essential □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)barrier，crisis，local，shock，collision，dilemma，conflict，cooperation，exchange，traditional1．Hewasfacedwiththedilemmaofwhetherornottoreturntohiscountry.2．Ishookhandsandexchangedafewwordswiththemanager.3．Hehasneverrecoveredfromtheshockofyourbrother'sdeath.4．Hiscarwasincollisionwithamotorbike.5．Lackofconfidenceisapsychologicalbarriertosuccess.6．Thereisaneedforunderstandingandcooperationasweapproachthesummit.7．IntimesofcrisisIknowwhichfriendsIcanturnto.8．Itwasdifficulttounderstandthelocaldialect.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Theorchestraisveryimportantforthecultural(culture)lifeofthecity.2．It'sallverycomplicated(complicate)—butI'lltryandexplain.3．Itcanbeembarrassing(embarrass)forchildrentotellcompletestrangersaboutsuchincidents.4．Therearenosignificantdifferences(different)betweentheeducationsystemsofthetwocountries.5．Doctorsdonotalwayshavegoodcommunication(communicate)skills.6．It'straditional(tradition)inAmericatoeatturkeyonThanksgivingDay.7．Globalization(global)isaphenomenonofthe21stcentury.8．Hismisunderstanding(misunderstand)oflanguagewastheprimarycauseofhisotherproblems.二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·荆门期末)ABritishfriendtoldmehecouldn'tunderstandwhyChinesepeopleloveeatingsunflowerseeds(嗑瓜子)asasnacksomuch.“I'vemetalotofolderChineseandmanyhaveacrackintheirfrontteeth;Ibelievethat'sfromcrackingtheseeds，”hesaid.Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,butoncehementionedit,Isuddenlybecamemoreaware.IrealizedthatwheneverI'mwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstartmindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.Myfrienddoesn'tlikesunflowerseeds,and,tohim,itseemsunnecessarytoworksomuchjusttogetonesmallseed.Whenwewereyoung,thewholefamilywouldusuallygettogetherforChineseNewYear.Then,wealllivedclosetooneanother,usuallyinasmallcity,andsometimesevenneighborswouldgodoor­to­dooronChineseNewYear'sEvetocheckoutwhateveryhouseholdwasmaking.Iremembermyparentswouldbeinthekitchencooking.Outinthelivingroom,alargetablewouldalreadybelaidout,completewithfancytablecloth,ready­madedumplingfillings,anddishesfullofcandy,fruitsandsunflowerseeds.Someofthedishesweretobeofferedtoourancestorslater,whileotherswereforneighborsandchildrentoeatbeforetheeveningfeast.Imusthavelearnedhowtocracksunflowerseedsbackthen.Idon'tthinkit'srighttocriticizeone'schoiceinfoodoreatinghabits,nomatterhowstrangetheymayseem.It'snotonlyinChina.WhenIwentabroad,Ifoundpeoplehadallsortsofstrangehabitswhenitcametofood.InDenmark,theyputsaltedredfishonbreadandeatitfordinner,nomatterhowmuchitruinsyourbreath.Theythinkit'sadelicacy(美味佳肴),andit'sconnectedtotheircertainculture.Ithinkit'sawonderfultradition.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章用中国人喜欢嗑瓜子和丹麦人喜欢吃面包配咸红鱼来证明饮食习惯来自特定的文化。1．Whatdidthewriterbecomeawareof?A．Shehadevertypedareportaboutseeds.B．ShehadvarioussnackswhilewatchingTV.C．Shedamagedherteethbyeatingsunflowerseeds.D．Shehadahabitofcrackingsunflowerseeds.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，作者意识到自己有嗑瓜子的习惯，故选D。2．WhatdoesthewriterprovebymentioningChineseNewYear?A．Thetraditionsofcelebratingitdisappear.B．Eatingsunflowerseedsisrelatedtoit.C．Thefamiliesgettogetherforit.D．Childrencaneatdeliciousfoodonthatday.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者提到春节是为了证明嗑瓜子和春节有关，故选B。3．Thewriter'sattitudetoDenmark'swayofeatingbreadis________.A．neutral(中立的) B．critical(批评的)C．acceptable D．doubtful解析：选C观点态度题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者认为丹麦人吃面包配咸红鱼是一个很好的传统；由此可知，作者接受这种吃法，故选C。4．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?A．Onekindoffooddoesn'tnecessarilysuiteveryone.B．Itisgoodtoformhealthyeatinghabits.C．Eatinghabitscomefromacertainculture.D．Changingyoureatinghabitswillchangeyourlife.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的丹麦人吃面包的习惯可知，这和他们特定的文化有关，正如中国人喜欢嗑瓜子和春节文化有关；由此可知，饮食习惯来自特定的文化，故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·合肥月考)Americansprefertotryeverywaytohavefun.Forexample,theydrivetheirowncars,someeventow(拖)asmallboataftervehicle.TheystartfromLosAngeles,Californiaundersun,__1__throughfourorfivehundredmilestogotoLaFulin,ColoradotospendweekendswhileChinesepeoplearestill__2__withwork,andhavedinnerathometogetherwithfamiliesatweekendsor__3__timewatchingTV.Thedifferenceismainlyduetoculturalcustomsandtraditions__4__thetwocountries.ItissaidthatChinesepeoplearelivingforothers,whileAmericansarefor__5__.WhenChinesepeoplecometotheUnitedStates,theyfightfor__6__first,andthendesperatelymakemoneyaftertheyarerecognizedbyothers.Itseemsthat,thepurposetoearnmoneyisnottoenjoylife,__7__fortheirfollowinggenerations:sonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren.Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoney__8__emergency,suchasillness.AlthoughChinesepeoplewith__9__intheUnitedStatesdon'tneedtoworryabouttheirownsocialwelfareandhealthinsurance,theyworkstillveryhard,astheyhopethattheycan__10__moremoney.Chinesepeople'sinterestisintheamountonthepassbook(存折),sotheyspend__11__moneyusually.MostofChineseareverythrifty(节约的),andtheyare__12__tospendmoney,butthereareexceptions.Theyarewillingtospendmoneyontheir__13__.ManyChinesepeoplethinkthat,theyendure(容忍)many__14__，sotheywishthattheirchildrencouldlivemuchbetter.Therefore,intheUnitedStateselementaryschools,youcanseethatthosewho__15__thebestclothes,withmorepocketmoneyareChinesestudents.Incontrast,Americanchildrendressverysimply,withjustalittlepocketmoney.__16__Chinese,Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves.Theydoeverythingfortheirown.__17__，theyearnmoneytoenjoya__18__life,andpursueahigherqualityoflife.Asfortheirownparentsorchildren,theythinkthatparentshavetheirownpensionandsocialwelfare,andchildrenshouldlivea(n)__19__lifewhentheyare18yearsold.Sotheycouldboldlyspendmoneyonthemselves.__20__，Americanssavelittlemoney.Inthestreet,itiseasyforChinesetotakeout300－400dollars,butitishardtosayforAmericans.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。由于中美两国文化和传统差异，两国人民对待钱的态度也非常不同。中国人努力挣钱、存钱，把钱留给下一辈；而美国人挣钱是为了享受更好的生活。1．A.running B．drivingC．going D．walking解析：选B根据上文的“Forexample,theydrivetheirowncars”可知，此处表示“开车”，drive为原词复现，故选B。2．A.boring B．pleasantC．busy D．angry解析：选C根据句意可知，此处考查短语bebusywithsth.“忙于某事”，故选C。3．A.spend B．takeC．cost D．pay解析：选A根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语spendtime(in)doingsth.“花时间做某事”，故选A。4．A.through B．forC．among D．between解析：选D根据上下文可知，此处是指中国和美国两个国家之间的(between)文化和习俗，故选D。5．A.themselves B．theirsC．them D．others解析：选A根据空前的“Chinesepeoplearelivingforothers”可知，空处与之相对，表示美国人是为他们自己(themselves)而活。下文的“Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves”也是提示。故选A。6．A.survival B．remainderC．existence D．material解析：选A当中国人到美国时，他们一开始是努力活下来(survival)，然后在被他人认可后开始拼命挣钱。故选A。7．A.or B．norC．but D．and解析：选C根据句意可知，此处考查固定表达not...but...“不是……而是……”，故选C。8．A.inpossessionof B．onaccountofC．inspiteof D．incaseof解析：选D句意：中国人偏向于挣钱以防(incaseof)突发情况，例如疾病。故选D。9．A.identity B．forceC．fame D．power解析：选A尽管有美国身份(identity)的中国人不用担心他们的社会福利和医保，但是他们仍然很努力工作，因为他们希望他们可以存(save)更多钱。故选A。10．A.borrow B．giveC．use D．save解析：选D参见上题解析。11．A.large B．fewC．much D．little解析：选D中国人的兴趣在于存折上钱的数量，因此他们平时几乎不(little)花钱。few只能修饰可数名词，故选D。12．A.easy B．reluctantC．willing D．happy解析：选B根据上文的“MostofChineseareverythrifty”可知，很多中国人不愿意(reluctant)花钱，故选B。13．A.children B．relativesC．parents D．friends解析：选A根据上文的“fortheirfollowinggenerations:sonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren”可知，中国的父母愿意把钱花在孩子(children)身上，故选A。14．A.hardships B．problemsC．obsession D．convenience解析：选A根据上下文可知，此处是指很多中国人因为自己吃了苦(hardships)，所以希望孩子不吃苦，故选A。15．A.match B．decorateC．dress D．wear解析：选D在美国的小学，你可以看到那些穿(wear)最好的衣服、有更多零花钱的学生都是中国学生。16．A.Differentfrom B．InterestedinC．Similarto D．Thanksto解析：选A根据上下文可知，此处是把美国人和中国人作对比，故选A。differentfrom“和……不同”。17．A.Otherwise B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Since解析：选C根据句意可知，上下文是因果关系，故选C。therefore“因此”。18．A.better B．wellC．good D．rich解析：选A根据下文的“andpursueahigherqualityoflife”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故选A。19．A.single B．independentC．different D．comfortable解析：选B根据文化常识可知，美国人认为孩子在18岁时应该独立生活，故选B。independent“独立的”。20．A.Inthatcase B．AsawholeC．Inthisway D．Asaresult解析：选D结合上下文可知，此处与上文是因果关系，故选D。asaresult“因此”。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①fundamental□②appropriate □③background □ ④cross­cultural □⑤multi­cultural □ ⑥social □⑦follow □ ⑧custom □⑨manner □ ⑩national □⑪adapt □ ⑫polite □⑬behavior □ ⑭introduce □⑮friendly □ ⑯profound □⑰unique □ ⑱colorful □⑲recommend □ ⑳element □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空eq\x(background，custom，follow，introduce，unique，recommend)1．Thefirstlectureintroducesstudentstothemaintopicsofthecourse.2．Hedecidedonroastchickenandvegetables,withapplepietofollow.3．Theelectionsaretakingplaceagainstabackgroundofviolence.4．Ihavejustspentaholidaythereandwouldrecommendittoanyone.5．ThisinterestingandcharmingcreatureisuniquetoBorneo.6．Itisthecustominthatcountryforwomentomarryyoung.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Thereisafundamental(fundamentally)differencebetweenthetwopointsofview.2．Social(society)eventsandtrainingdaysarearrangedforallthestaff.3．Peoplethinkit'sbadmanners(manner)tostareatothersforalongtime.4．Thesebuildingsarepartofournational(nation)heritage.5．Painfully,Ihaveoverestimatedmyadaptation(adapt)tothisjobtosomedegree.6．Yououghttobeashamedofyourfoolishbehavior(behave)．7．Incritics'eyes,MoYan'sworksaredramaticwithsharplanguagesandcolorful(color)characters.8．Theexchangeofprisonersofwarwasoneofthekeyelements(element)oftheUN'speaceplan.Ⅲ.用本单元词汇替换/升级加蓝词汇1．Nowthattheproblemhasbeenidentified,appropriateactioncanbetaken.modest2．Bethan'ssisterwasasfriendlyandnaturalastherestofthefamily.outgoing3．Sheisalwayspolitetoheremployees.→Itisalwaysgood_mannersofhertoheremployees.二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·湖南模拟)Theword“sorry”isprobablythemostover­usedwordintheUnitedKingdom:whetherpeoplearesorryabouttheweatherorsorrybecausesomeoneelsehasbumped(撞上)intothem,chancesareanaveragepersonhasmadeatleastoneapologyinthepasthourortwo.TheBritishapologisemorefrequentlythanmembersofothercultures.Butwhy?ThereadinessoftheBritishtoapologiseforsomethingtheyhaven'tdoneisimpressive.InherbookWatchingtheEnglish,socialanthropologistKateFoxdescribesexperimentsinwhichshedeliberatelybumpedintohundredsofpeopleintownsandcitiesacrossEngland.Shealsoencouragedcolleaguestodothesameabroad,forcomparison.Foxfoundthataround80%ofEnglishvictimssaid“sorry”—eventhoughthecollisionswereclearlyFox'sfault.“Possiblypeoplesaiditwithoutevenrealisingit,butcomparedtowhentouristsfromothercountrieswerebumped,thedifferencewasmarked，”Foxwrites.Britishsocietyvaluesthatitsmembersshowrespectwithoutimposing(强加)onsomeoneelse'spersonalspace,andwithoutdrawingattentiontooneself.Asaconsequence,Britishpeoplemaysometimesuse“sorry”inawaythatcanseeminappropriatetooutsiders,includingAmericans.Theremaybesomebenefitstosaying“sorry”，too—suchasfosteringtrust.Interestingly,thatistrueevenwhenpeopleareapologisingnotformistakesthey'vemade,butratherforcircumstancesbeyondtheircontrol.Inonestudy,psychologistWoodBrooksarrangedforanactortoapproach65strangersatatrainstationonarainydayandasktoborrowtheirmobilephone.Inhalfthecases,thestrangerbeganbysaying：“Sorryabouttherain”．Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobile,comparedtoonly9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphone.Furtherexperimentsconfirmeditwastheapologyabouttheweatherthatmattered,notthepolitenessoftheopeningsentence.“Bysaying‘I'msorryabouttherain’，theapologiseracknowledgesanunfortunatecircumstance,takesthevictim'sattitudeandexpresses_empathy_forthenegativecircumstance—eventhoughitisoutsideofhisorhercontrol，”saysWoodBrooks.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍相较其他文化，英国人表达“对不起”时具有不同的文化内涵。1．WhydidFoxdeliberatelybumpintopeople?A．Toprovewhatwaswritteninherbook.B．Tocomparetheresultsofherexperiments.C．Toseehowmanypeoplewouldmakeanapology.D．Toseehowmanypeoplewoulddemandanapology.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，Fox故意撞人，目的是想了解有多少人会道歉。故选C。2．Whatistheeffectofsayingsorrytopeopleabouttherain?A．Itmakesthembelieveinyou.B．Itmakesthemfeelconfident.C．Ithelpsthemdealwithadifficultsituation.D．Itmakesthemlessworriedabouttheweather.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“fosteringtrust”和第七段的例子可知，为下雨的事向人们道歉的效果是会赢得人们的相信。故选A。3．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Showsinterestin.B．Expressesdoubtsabout.C．Giveshisorheropinionabout.D．Sharesthevictim'sfeelingsabout.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的内容可知，通过说“下雨了很抱歉”，道歉者承认了一个不幸的情况，接受了受害者的态度；由此可知，接下来是要表示对受害者的同情。故选D。4．Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A．Socialskills.B．Changesinlanguages.C．Traditionalcustoms.D．Culturaldifferencesinlanguages.解析：选D推理判断题。通读全文并结合第一段可知，本文主要介绍相较其他文化，英国人表达“对不起”时具有不同的文化内涵。由此可知，本文主要关注了语言方面的文化差异。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2021·郑州模拟)Once,IhadanAmericanfriend.Aftershewentbackhome,Ineverheardfromheragain.Ican'thelpbutwonderiftherecaneverberealfriendshipbetweenWesternersandusChinese.Whatisfriendship？TheOxfordEnglishDictionarysays，“Theemotionsorconductoffriends.”InbothWesternandChineseculture,wehavesimilarproverbswhenitcomestofriendship,suchas“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”__1__Chinesepeoplevaluefriendshiphighly.Asyouknow,Chinesepeopleareknowntobeextremelyhospitableandopen­hearted.__2__However,therearedifferenttypesoffriendshipandtheytreatthemdifferently.OnetypeoffriendinChinaisa“closeacquaintance”whoonlyoccasionallyeatsanddrinksandhangsoutwithyou.IntheWest,theyarecalled“afair­weather(不可共患难的)friend.”Nikkiwasthatkindoffriend.Despiteourlanguagebarrier,wehadalotoffuntogether.__3__Onlyrealfriendscanenteryourinnercircle,whereassistanceandspecialcarearealwaysprovided.__4__Theytendtomakefriendswiththosewhosharethesamevaluesorinterests.Whenforeignfriendofmineasksforfavorsonbehalfofhisorherfriend,Ioftenhavetoclarifywhetherthatpersonisa“closefriend”orjustafriend,andthenIwilldecidehowmuchIwillhelp.__5__Butthedepthofthatfriendshipisdifferent.SohowwillyouknowhowIfeelaboutyou？Well,themomentIstopbeingpolitearoundyou,youaremyrealfriend.A．Theyrefertoanyonetheyknowasa“friend”．B．FriendshipintheWestismostlypursuedforfun.C．However,thereisaculturalgapbetweenthetwosides.D．Ofcourse,WesternersandChinesepeoplecanbegoodfriends.E．Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.F．ThesecondtypeoffriendinChinaisa“realfriend”whoispracticallyyourfamily.G．They'lltak