选修8 Unit 23 课下主题训练 良好的人际关系与社会交往

PAGE第1页共10页课下主题训练良好的人际关系与社会交往课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①barrier □ ②dispute □③conflict □ ④misunderstand □⑤fight □ ⑥respect □⑦harmony □ ⑧accompany □⑨distance □ ⑩tension □⑪friendly □ ⑫cooperation □⑬considerate □ ⑭indifference □⑮violence □ ⑯charge □⑰delegation □ ⑱tolerance □⑲threaten □ ⑳surrender □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)barrier，dispute，conflict，misunderstand，fight，respect，harmony，accompany，distant，tension1．Theyalwaysfightlikecatanddogthoughtheystillloveeachotherverymuch.2．Agroupofyoungpioneersalwaysaccompanythedisabledgirltotheschool.3．TheSaharaDesertisanaturalbarrierbetweennorthandcentralAfrica.4．Everyonefearedthattheboundarydisputebetweenthesetwocountrieswouldendupwithawar.5．Itwasobviousthattherewasconflictbetweenaccountsofthewitnessesforthemurdercase.6．Hisremarksshowthathemisunderstoodmypositiononthequestion.7．Thestudentshavegreatrespectfortheirhistoryteacher.8．Hisideaswerenolongerinharmonywithours.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Itwasconsiderate(consider)ofyounottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.2．Therailwaystationisatadistance(distant)oftwomilesawayfromourschool.3．Icansaythatitisthemostviolent(violence)filmthatIhaveeverseen.4．Whenneighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheirtolerance(tolerate)．5．Cooperation(cooperate)orteamwork,theimportanceofwhichisoftenstressed,playsanimportantpartinfootballmatches.6．Wetriedtobefriendly(friend),buthisrefusalmadeusthinkhewantedtobeleftalone.7．Iwanttoknowwhyheoftentreatsmewithindifference(indifferent)．8．Thetension(tense)soontransmitteditselftoallthemembersofthecrowd.9．Thecitywas_threatened(threaten)againduringWorldWarⅡ.10．Theministerwaschargedwithabusinghispower.二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheyear2018markedthe100thanniversaryoftheendofWorldWarⅠ.Therewereeventsaroundtheworldinmemoryofthosewhodiedintheconflict.WehavepickedoutthreeoftheminEuropeancountries.Let'stakealook.BelgiumInapark,thefamousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhadanexhibitioncalledComingWorld,RememberMe.Theworkconsistedof600,000individual(独特的)claysculptures,oneforeachpersonkilledduringtheWorldWar.Inthecenteroftheexhibitionwasabigeggmadeofclay，symbolizinganewworld.UKInasmalltowncalledAldridge,almost100housesinonestreetwerecoveredwith24,000poppiesandstatuesofsoldiers.Theystoodforthemenfromtheareawhohadbeenkilledinthewar.TheflowerswerechosenbecauseofapoemwrittenbytheCanadiandoctorJohnMcCreain1915.Theymadepeoplethinkoffieldsofblood.FranceTheBritishartistGuyDenningarrivedinLaFeuille,asmalltowninthenorthwestofFrance，tosticklife­sizedrawingsofsoldierswhonevercamebackhome.Armedwithglueandabrush，Denningstuckhisdrawingscarefullyonwalls.Beforelong112men,mainlyyoungadults,werebroughtbacktomind,ifnottolife.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了纪念一战结束100周年的活动，列举了比利时、英国以及法国三个欧洲国家的纪念活动。1．WhatdoweknowaboutComingWorld,RememberMe?A．It'sthenameofanexhibition.B．It'safilmaboutWorldWarⅠ.C．It'saworkstandingforpeace.D．It'sasculpturemadeofclay.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“anexhibition”可知，著名的比利时艺术家KoenVanmechelen举办了名为“ComingWorld,RememberMe”的展览，故选A。2．Whywerepoppieschosentosymbolizethedeadsoldiers?A．TheBritishpeoplepreferredthem.B．Theyshowedthecrueltyofwar.C．ACanadiandoctorsuggestedthem.D．Thefieldswerefilledwiththem.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推断，罂粟花用来代表死去的尸体是由于它能展现战争的残酷，故选B。3．HowwastheendofWorldWarⅠmarkedinFrance?A．Amemorialtothedeadsoldierswasbuilt.B．112woundedsoldiersinthewarwerehelped.C．Drawingsofsomedeadsoldierswereputup.D．Youngadultswereencouragedtojointhearmy.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，法国纪念一战结束的方式是张贴死去士兵的图像，故选C。BBusinessstrategistMichaelGoldhaberbeganpredictingabouttheattentioneconomymorethan20yearsago,claiming,“NoonewouldputanythingontheInternetwithoutobtainingsomeattention.”ArecentsurveyintheNewStatesmanattemptedtoexploretherelationshipbetweenwhatmakesus“likeourlikes”andwhatfuelsourdesireforfollowers.Oneresponsefroma17­year­oldgirlprovidedanalarmingimageofmodernaffairs.“Likesarealwaysanindicatorofsocialstanding.Assomeonewhogetsanxiousandoccasionallystruggleswithself­esteem(自尊),theamountoflikesonmypostscanbeeitherhugelyupliftingordepressing，”saidtheteenager.Andthatappliestoeveryone.Anextraordinary89%ofthosetakingpartinthesurveyadmittedthenumberoflikesconnectedwithmakingthemhappy.However,herecomesthedowncurve(曲线):40%admittedthishappinessonlylastsaslongasthelikeskeepcomingin.Tellingly,youcouldalsobeoneofthe70%ofpeoplewhoaregivena“sympathylike”.Butregardlessofintention,thelikesactasencouragementwhichmakesyouwantmoreandmore.AddictionexpertJudsonBrewer,andAssociateProfessoratUniversityofMassachusettsMedicalSchool,wroteintheHuffingtonPostthatwhenwetalktosomeonefacetoface,ourbrainshavetotrytoaddtogethersuchfactorsascontext,non­verbalfacialandbodycues(暗示),andtoneofvoice,whichleavesplentyofroomforambiguityandsubjectiveunderstanding.Inreallife,thereisnosimple,quantifiablepointsystem(the“likes”onInstagram):wecan'tassignonelikeforasmile,anotherfortoneofvoice.Toputitbluntly,theMarkZuckerbergsofthisworldneedyouforaslongaspossibletomaketheirbusinessmodelswork.Theydon'tcarethatyou'vejustlikedyourbestfriend'sweddingpictures.It'stheadsaroundthosepicturesthatmakeFacebooktick.Itgoesdeeper,too.Yourviewinghistoryistakenintoaccount,thusmakingadswhichmayinterestyoubedisplayed.Theaimistostopyoufromclosingyournewsfeed.Theengineerswantyourattention.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着互联网的发展，网民的注意力逐渐成为商家争夺的重要资源。4.Accordingtothe17­year­oldteenager,togetlikes________.A．cheersusupeffectivelyB．hasnegativeeffectsonusC．istoseeksocialrecognitionD．istoinfluencepeoplearoundus解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，这名青少年强调：社交网络上获得赞的数量意味着一个人的社会地位。也就是说，人们获取赞是为了寻求社会认同。5．Whatisthemajorproblemwithseekinglikesaccordingtothetext?A．Itseffectistemporary.B．Itsintentionisn'tgood.C．Itmakesusfeelanxious.D．Itproducesunrealeffects.解析：选A推理判断题。第三段指出获得赞的好处是让人们高兴。根据第四段第一句可推知，问题在于这种幸福很短暂。6．WhatdoesJudsonBrewerthinkofface­to­facecommunication?A．Ideascanbegotacrossmorequickly.B．Itcanbeunderstoodmoreeasily.C．Itcontributestoself­esteem.D．Deepermeaningisinvolved.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，JudsonBrewer认为，面对面的交流包含更多的附加因素和信息，如肢体语言、语音强调等。即这种交流包含更深层的含义。故选D。7．WhyisourviewinghistorytakenintoaccountbytheMarkZuckerbergs?A．Toofferusbetterservice.B．Tosellsomeproductstous.C．Tosendinformationweneed.D．Toencourageface­to­facecommunication.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者指出，那些互联网公司之所以关注我们的浏览记录是为了给我们推送我们可能感兴趣的广告，也就是为了推销产品。故选B。Ⅱ.语法填空(2021·青岛模拟)Asisknowntoall,apositiveparent­childrelationshipis__1__(benefit)tothephysicalandmental__2__(grow)ofchildren,butkeepingahealthyparent­childbond__3__(need)theeffortsofbothparties.Parentsshouldtaketheresponsibility__4__(improve)theirrelationshipwiththechildren.Whatmattersisspendingqualitytimewiththeirchildren,__5__tighttheirscheduleis.Forinstance,theycaneat__6__(meal)together,gotosportingeventstogetherorwatchtheirchildren'sfavoriteTVshowstogether,__7__cancontributegreatlytomakingtheirchildrenfeelsafeand__8__(love)．Children,ontheotherhand,shouldlettheirparentsknowtheyappreciatewhattheirparents__9__(do)forthem.Ifpossible，theycangivetheirparentsagiftonaspecialdayorhelpwithhousework__10__aregularbasis.Nohealthyparent­childrelationshipiswithoutconflict.Butaslongasparentsandchildrenmakeajointeffort,theycansettletheconflictandenjoytheirtimetogether.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何维持健康的亲子关系。)1．beneficial考查形容词。bebeneficialto“对……有益”，为固定短语，故填beneficial。2．growth考查名词。形容词修饰名词，故填growth。3．needs考查主谓一致。keepingahealthyparent­childbond是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填needs。4．toimprove考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作定语，故填toimprove。5．however考查副词。此处是however引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论多么”，故填however。6．meals考查名词复数。meal是可数名词，根据空后“sportingevents”和“TVshows”可知应用复数。故填meals。7．which考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，因此用关系代词which。故填which。8．loved考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作表语，故填loved。9．havedone考查时态。根据句意可知，谓语动词用现在完成时，故填havedone。10．on考查介词。onaregularbasis“经常，例行的，有规律的”，为固定短语，故填on。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①rescue □ ②security □③defend □ ④shot □⑤murder □ ⑥quarrel □⑦guard □ ⑧embarrass □⑨contradict □ ⑩friction □⑪prejudice □ ⑫protest □⑬investigate □ ⑭withdraw □⑮abuse □ ⑯argue □⑰terrorism □ ⑱declaration □⑲assistance □ ⑳proposal □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)rescue,security,defend,shot,friction,murder,quarrel,guard,protest,embarrass1．Twochildrenwererescuedfromtheburningcar.2．Thevisitorsweresearchedatthegateforsecurityreasons.3．Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstknifeattacks.4．Theshotmissedhim,buthewasanarrowescape.5．Youshouldavoidmentioninganythingthatmayembarrassher.6．Hisparentsandsisterwereallmurderedbytheterrorists.7．Itwasverysadwhenhusbandsandwivesquarrelledwitheachother.8．It'sourdutytoguardthisbridgeandnotlettheenemypass.Ⅱ.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1．Sarasensedthattherehadbeenfrictionbetweenherchildren.摩擦2．Theyaccusedhimofhavingaprejudiceagainsthiswomenemployees.偏见3．Alllocalfarmersprotestedagainstbuildingthenewairportontheirfarmland.抗议4．Youoncemoreagreetohelpandinvestigatethemurder.调查5．Ourforcehasbeenwithdrawnfromthedangerarea.撤退6．Wearecloselyconcernedatthecontinuedthreatofterrorismandextremism.恐怖主义7．Shedoesn'tliketocontradictherhusbandinpublic.反驳8．Russianworkershavestagedanumberofstrikesinprotestattherepublic'sdeclarationofindependence.宣布二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·北京模拟)WhenIre­enteredthefull­timeworkafteradecadeofrunningmyownbusiness,therewasatopthingIwaslookingforwardto:tomakefriendswiththecolleaguesonceagain.Asamatteroffact,itwasn'tuntilIenteredthecompanythatIrealizedmakingfriendswithcolleagueswasn'tthefirstatall.Itisdevelopinginterpersonalrelationshipsatworkthatisvital,whichcannotonlyhelpovercomearangeofproblemsatworkbutalsopromoteproductivityandthequalityofworkoutput.PerhapsmyexpectationsoflunchesandchattingwithfriendswerethememoryofthelasttimeIwasinthatkindofofficeenvironment.However,asIneartheendofmyfourthdecade,Irealizeworkcanbefullyfunctionalandentirelysatisfyingwithoutneedingtobethebestworkmateswiththepeoplesittingnexttoyou.InanacademicanalysisjustpublishedintheveryinfluentialJournalofManagement,researchershavedevelopedtheideaof“indifferentrelationships”，whichisasimpletermthatsummarizesthefactthatrelationshipsatworkcanbelessclose,unimportantandevenreplaceable.Indifferentrelationshipsareneitherpositivenornegative.Thelimitedresearchconductedsofarshowsthey'reespeciallyobviousamongthosewhovalueindependenceovercooperation,andharmonyoverdisharmony.Indifferenceisalsothepreferredchoiceamongthosewhoaresociallylazyandregardmaintainingrelationshipsoverthelongtermtakeseffort.Asmentionedaboveindifferentrelationshipsmaynotalwaysbethemosthelpfulwayinsolvingproblemsatwork.Evenso,thereareprovenbenefitsonindifferentrelationship.Oneofthemisefficiency.Lesstimechattingandsocializingmeansmoretimeworkingandproducing.Anotherisself­respect.Ashumanbeings,wetendtocompareourselvestoeachother.Apparently,welookdownonacquaintancesmorethanfriends.Intheprocesstheirstrengthscanraisethesenseofself­worth.Thethirdadvantageisthattheemotionalneutralityofindifferentrelationshipshasbeenfoundtoimprovecriticalthinking,enhancepeople'sattentiontotasksolving,andmakeiteasiertogainvaluableinformation.Noneofthosebenefitsmightbeasfunasafter­worksocializingbut,hey,I'lltakeitanyway.语篇解读：本是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了工作中“冷漠关系”的概念，冷漠的关系既不是积极的也不是消极的。文章还具体说明了冷漠关系的三个优点。1．Whatdidtheauthorrealizewhenhere­enteredthecompany?A．Buildinginterpersonalrelationshipswasimportant.B．Makingnewfriendswithworkmateswasnotsoeasyashehadexpected.C．Developingpositiveinterpersonalrelationshipshelpedhimfindhisplace.D．Workingincompaniesrequiresmoreinterpersonalskillsthanself­employment.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，当作者再次进入公司时，他意识到建立人际关系很重要。故选A。2．Whichonebelongstoindifferentrelationshipsatworkaccordingtothepassage?A．Beinginconflictwithworkmatesintheoffice.B．Spendinglesstimechattingandsocializingintheoffice.C．Havingdeepandmeaningfulconversationswithcolleagues.D．Beingthebestmateswiththepeoplesittingnexttoyouintheoffice.解析：选B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第四句可知，少些时间聊天和社交意味着多些时间工作和生产。B项“在办公室少花时间聊天和社交”属于工作中的冷漠关系。故选B。3．Whatcanbeoneofthebenefitsoftheindifferentrelationships?A．Theyprovidefunatwork.B．Theyimproveworkefficiency.C．Theyhelpcontrolemotionsatwork.D．Theyhelpsolveproblemsduringworktime.解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句可知，冷漠关系的好处之一是能提高工作效率。故选B。4．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsindifferentrelationships?A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.C．Approving. D．Indifferent.解析：选C观点态度题。根据倒数第二段第二句以及后文分别说明了冷漠关系的三个好处可推知，作者对于冷漠关系持赞成态度。故选C。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2021·沈阳模拟)Whoeverwrotethesong“it'stheMostWonderfulTimeoftheYear”musthaveneverexperiencedholidayblues.Fortunately,psychologicalresearchsuggestssomeeffectivewaysyoucanbeattheholidayblues.Thekeypointisthatsadnessandothertoughemotionsarenotwhatweshouldtrytoavoid.__1__.Herearefourstrategiestohelpyoumakeyourownhappinessrecipethisholidayseason.Don'tforcecheerAtfamilygatheringswithcousinsyousecretlycan'tstand,youtendtoputonahappyface.Indeed,thatmightevenseemlikethemostmatureresponse—nodrama,noconflict.Butastudyfolloweddozensofbusdrivers,lookingtoseewhentheygaveforcedorhonestsmilesattheirpassengers.Theresultsshowedwhenthedriverspretendedtohaveagoodmood,theiractualmoodsgotworse.__2__.LetoffsadnessTheresultsofthebus­driverstudycanbeexplainedbyresearchers,whofindthatnegativefeelingslikesadnessorangeronlyincreasewhenwetrytocontrolthem.__3__.Wedon'tlikecontradictorybehavior.RespondcautiouslyRecently,scientistshavebeenpayingspecialattentiontothebenefitsofcaution.Whenyourespondcautiouslytoanemotionaltrigger(e.g.overcookingtheholidayturkey),youpauseratherthanreactingatonce.__4__.Besides,itisassociatedwithlessanxiety,andmayevencarryphysiologicalbenefits.__5__Ofcourse,theholidayswillbringamixofhighsandlows,butthemostimportantlessontokeepinmindisthatthisvarietyofemotionsmightbethebestthingpossibleforyouroverallwell­being.Inotherwords,