必修⑤ Unit 2 课下主题训练 自然环境、自然遗产保护

PAGE第8页共12页必修⑤Unit2课下主题训练自然环境、自然遗产保护课时作业(一)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①recycle□ ②illegally□③measure□ ④consume□⑤production□ ⑥greedy□⑦conflict□ ⑧flood□⑨appreciate□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))administration□⑪duty□ ⑫crop□⑬protection□ ⑭vehicle□⑮carbon□ ⑯use□⑰decrease□ ⑱climate□⑲fuel□ ⑳electrical□(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)greedy,climate,crop,fuel,electrical,carbon,administration,vehicle,flood,consume1．Naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,_volcaniceruptions,earthquakesandtsunamis,canhappenatanytime.2．Theplantsincludingthecropswerecoveredwithathicklayerofdust,lookingratherunhealthy.3．TheclimateofBeijingisbetterthanthatofLondon,whichisfineforlong.4．Notonlycanyouwitnessrobotsthatdohousework,butyoucanalsoexperienceself­drivingvehicles.5．Itseemsthatwehumanbeingsaretoogreedy—wearegettingtoomuchfromthenature.6．Treescancleantheair,whichabsorbcarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen,andmakeourEarthmorebeautiful.7．Theuseofpublictransportationalsomeanslesswastegasisconsumedeachyear.8．Wheneverweleaveclassroomsorourhomes,makesurethatthelightsandsomeelectricalequipmenthavebeenturnedoff.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Allofusheldthesameviewthatenvironmental(environment)protectionissoimportantforourlife.2．We'reriskingourpersonalinformationbeingillegally(illegal)collectedandabused.3．WelcometoHuanggangandIwouldappreciateitifyoucouldpayavisittomyhometown.4．Ifyouworkwellwithothersandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility(responsible),youarewelcometojoinus.5．Iwillputemptycans,bottlesandwastepaperintodustbininorderthattheycanbe_recycled(recycle)．6．Teacherswilltakeactivemeasures(measure)tohelpthemgetoutofthetrouble.7．What'sworse,theproduction(produce)oftheharmfulchemicalspollutesourenvironment.Ⅲ.用本单元词汇替换/升级句中蓝色词汇1．Nowadays,ourgovernmentispayingmoreattentiontotheprotectionofwildanimals.conservation2．ItisourdutytoprotecttheEarth,whichistheonlyhomeofourhumans.responsibility3．Someusefulgarbagecanbeusedagain,whiletheharmfulthingsshouldbeputinasafeplace.recycled二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021年1月新高考8省联考卷)Inmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureoutdifferentwaystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet.Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.Itiscalculatedbytheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceinourdailylives.Fortunately,nowadaysitismucheasiertomakeeco­friendlylifestylechoicesthan,let'ssay,20yearsago.Butonequestionhasbeenonmymindalotlately:isitbettertobuyneweco­friendlyproductsorusedtraditionallyproducedgoods?Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ihavedecidedthatsomethingsarebetternewandothersarebetterused.Letmetrytoexplain.Acarbonfootprintismadeupoftwoparts,theprimaryfootprintandthesecondaryfootprint.Theprimaryfootprintisameasureofourdirectemissions(排放)ofcarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheburningoffuels,includinghouseholdenergyconsumptionandtransportation.ThesecondaryfootprintisameasureoftheindirectCO2emissionsfromthewholelifecycleofproductsweuse—thoserelatedtotheirproductionandbreakdown.Basedonthisunderstanding,wehaveagooddealofcontrolandresponsibilityoverourcarbonfootprint.Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe“secondaryfootprint”group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.However,forthecarandtheotherappliances(设备)thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy­savingmodels.Iheardsomewherethatelectronicsandappliancesgiveoff90%oftheircarbonfootprintaftertheyleavethefactory.Soitseemsmostreasonabletogofortheenergy­savingmodels.Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththe_footprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者一直致力于践行环保生活方式、寻找减少碳足迹的方法。对于近来一直困惑他的一个难题：是买新的环保产品还是继续使用旧的传统产品？作者通过研究和举例详细指出了不同的物品要有不同的对待方法。1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Whatappliancestobuytosaveenergy.B．Whatacarbonfootprintmeansinourlife.C．Howtoidentifydifferentcarbonfootprints.D．Howtomakeeco­friendlylifestylechoices.解析：选D主旨大意题。文章第一段提到了作者寻求环保的生活方式来减少碳足迹，由此引出碳足迹的概念。第二段中又提到作者在做了一些研究之后得出结论——不同的物品要区别对待。接下来的段落分别举例哪些产品适合用最新的节约版本，那些适合沿用老产品，故本文主要讲述了如何选择环保的生活方式，故选D。2．Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondarycarbonfootprint?A．Itisrelatedtoourconsumptionoffuels.B．Itismadewhenwearebuyingtheproducts.C．Itislessharmfulthantheprimarycarbonfootprint.D．Itiscountedasoursthoughnotdirectlymadebyus.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，第二碳足迹是对于我们所使用产品的整个生命周期(包括产品的生产和分解)的间接二氧化碳排放量的度量，由此可知，第二碳足迹虽然不是由我们直接造成的，但也算作我们的碳足迹的一部分。故选D。3．Whichofthefollowinghelpsreduceourcarbonfootprintaccordingtotheauthor?A．Usingsecond­handtextbooks.B．Usingoldandexpensivecars.C．Buyingnewbutcheapclothes.D．Buyingnewwoodenfurniture.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe‘secondaryfootprint’group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.”可知，像盘子、衣服和家具之类的东西属于“第二碳足迹”，这一类的东西越少越好，所以可以集中精力寻找二手货，以避免增加生产从而降低我们的碳足迹，故排除C、D选项；再根据“However,forthecarandtheotherappliances(设备)thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy­savingmodels.”可知，车辆还是用新的节能款比较好，可以降低我们的碳足迹，故排除B选项。故选A。4．“Thefootprint”underlinedinthelastsentencereferstotheCO2producedin________.A．usingtheproductB．recyclingtheproductC．makingtheproduct D．transportingtheproduct解析：选A词义猜测题。根据文章最后一句“...andwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.”可知，那些额外的碳(排放)是否值得这个产品在到你手里之后所产生的碳足迹，也就是说在你使用产品的时候。故选A。BAteamoffarmers,universityresearchersandenvironmentalistsisbusyatworkinthewetlandsofeasternEngland.Theyarediggingintothearea'swheatfields,lookingforwetearththatcouldhidelostpondsunderneath.Ittakesthegroupofdiggersjustafewhourstorevive(使复活)onedyingpond.It'snearHindolveston,athousand­year­oldvillageclosetotheNorthSea.“Assoonastheburiedpondsgetwaterandlight,theyjustspringtolife，”saysNickAnema,afarmerinnearbyDereham.He'sbroughtsevenpondsonhisfarmbacktolife.“Frogsandalltheinsectslikedragonfliescanbeseenhereagain，”hesaid.Butthebattleforthewetlandsisastruggle.Whileeffortstostoplossesarecontinuing,wetlandsaroundtheworldarestillbeingfilledinandcoveredup.Overthepastthreecenturies,almost90%oftheworld'swetlandshavedisappeared.Thelossratehasincreasedsincethe1970s,withwetlandsnowdisappearingthreetimesfasterthantheworld'sforests.Some5,000wetland­dependentanimalspeciescoulddieoutbecauseofsuchlosses.Wetlandlosscanalsoaffecthumanbeings.Wetlandsactasnaturalstorageareasforwater.Losingthoseareascouldleadtomoreseverefloodinginmanypartsoftheworld.Andtheactofremovingwaterfromwetlandscanreleasehugeamountsofcarbondioxide,amajorcontributortoclimatechange.Human­madewetlands,however,aren'tdecreasinginnumber.Ricefields,waterreservoirsandagriculturalstockpondshaveallincreasedsincethe1970s.Yetscientistsareconcernedaboutthisphenomenon.“Peoplebrag(自夸)aboutthefactthatthere'sbeennonetloss(净损失)ofwetlands.Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones，”saysStuartPimm,aDukeUniversityprofessor.“Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湿地的多种功能以及天然湿地面积在逐年减少的现状，因此拯救湿地迫在眉睫。)5．What'stheteam'sworkineasternEnglandintendedfor?A．Diggingwetearthforresearch.B．Researchingintoanoldvillage.C．Bringingdyingpondsbacktolife.D．Findingwetlandscreatedbypeople.解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Theyarediggingintothearea's...torevive(使复活)onedyingpond.”可知，团队正在努力拯救湿地，恢复池塘的生机。故选C。6．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Variousfunctionsofwetlands.B．Seriousconsequencesofwetlandloss.C．Wetlands'keyroleinclimatechange.D．Wetlands'importancetolivingthings.解析：选B段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知，本段主要是介绍湿地丧失的严重后果。故选B。7．WhichofthefollowingreflectsStuartPimm'sopinion?A．Artificialwetlandscan'treplacenaturalones.B．Creatingartificialwetlandsupsetsthebalanceofnature.C．Keepingthetotalnumberofvariouskindsofwetlandsisimportant.D．It'simportanttobalancethenumbersofnaturalwetlandsandartificialones.解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中StuartPimm说的“Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones...Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”可以推断，StuartPimm认为人造湿地是不可能代替天然湿地的。故选A。8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SeekingforMoreWetlandsB．SavingtheWorld'sWetlandsC．CausesofWetlands'DisappearanceD．NaturalWetlandsvsArtificialWetlands解析：选B标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是根据文章前三段内容可知，本文主要是介绍湿地的重要性以及湿地减少的现状等，因此B项“拯救世界湿地”适合作本文标题。故选B。Ⅱ.应用文写作光明社区针对本社区居民垃圾分类情况，计划于下周举行一次关于垃圾分类的讲座。请你代表社区写一封公开信，内容包括：1．垃圾分类的好处；2．讲座具体时间和地点；3．邀请居民参加。注意：1.词数80左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbageclassificationDearsirormadam，I'mwritingthislettertocallonattentiontothecommunitylectureconcerninggarbageclassification.GuangmingCommunity参考范文：Dearsirormadam，I'mwritingthislettertocallonattentiontothecommunitylectureconcerninggarbageclassification.Consideringmostneighborsfailtoclassifygarbageproperlythoughtheyreallytryto,ourcommunitywillorganizethislectureinanattempttoguidethisdeed.Garbageclassificationisofgreatsignificance.Firstly,notonlycanitcopewithpollutionissueeffectivelybutmorespaceoriginallyoccupiedbywastelandwillbespared.Secondly,wecanundeniablysaveresourcesbytakingadvantageofrecyclablegarbage.Tofulfillyourobligationtoliveaneco­life,comeandjoininthelecturetobegivenat2p．m.nextSundayonthecommunitysquare.Onlywithjointeffortscanweliveinabetterneighborhood.Yoursmallactcanmakeabigdifference.GuangmingCommunity课时作业(二)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①pollute□ ②improve□③resource□ ④ecological□⑤greenhouse□ ⑥petrol□⑦destroy□ ⑧natural□⑨emission□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))discharge□⑪absorb□ ⑫endangered□⑬awareness□ ⑭ease□⑮balance□ ⑯waste□⑰reserve□ ⑱threaten□⑲rubbish□ ⑳lifestyle□(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)petrol,waste,reserve,rubbish,lifestyle,emission,resource,endangered,discharge,greenhouse1．Morepeoplechoosetolivealow­carbonlifeforthepurposeofreducinggreenhousegases.2．Wecanrecycleusefulmaterialstosaveresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpollution.3．Largeamountsofrubbish,_suchasleftoverfood,wastepaper,usedplasticbottlesandbatteriesareproducedeveryday.4．Bicyclesdon'tneedanypetrolandtheyareenergy­saving.5．Iwillgotoschoolbybikeoronfoot,andIwon'tthrowwasteanywhere.6．Naturereservesshouldbesetuptoprotectalltheanimals.7．Ourgovernmentshoulddevelopmoregreenandenergy­savingwaystolowertheemissionofpollutedair.8．Ahealthylifestylemakesushealthy,wealthyandwiseinthefuture.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Iagreetoclonetheendangered(endanger)species,becauseitreallycanbringusmanybenefits.2．Thepolluted(pollute)waterevendoesharmtopeopleaswellasotherlivingthings.3．Iwanttolearnhowtosurvivewhenanaccidenthappensoranatural(nature)disasterstrikes.4．Weshouldmakeeveryeffortto_improve(improve)ourlivingconditionsandtoprotectourEarth.5．Weintendtogiveaspeechinpublictoincreasepeople'sawareness(aware)ofprotectingourmotherriver.6．Pollutionis_threatening(threat)ourexistence.Ⅲ.写出下列句中蓝色词的汉语意思1．IwouldliketospeakforpandassothatIcanraisepeople'sawarenessofanimalprotection.意识2．Peopletendtoattachgreatimportancetopersonalandeconomicinterests,ignoringecologicalbalance.生态平衡3．Thefactorywasfinedfordischargingchemicalsintotheriver.排放4．Naturalresourcesarelimitedandsomedaytheywillbeexhausted.资源5．Westudentsshoulddoasfollowsinordertoeasetheseriouscondition.缓解二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解Theideaofturningrecycledplasticbottlesintoclothingisnotnew.Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies,businessesandenvironmentalorganizationshavestartedturningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.Butthere'saproblemwiththismethod.Researchnowshowsthatmicrofiberscouldbethebiggestsourceofplasticinthesea.Dr.MarkBrowneinSantaBarbara,California,hasbeenstudyingplasticpollutionandmicrofibersfor10yearsnow.Heexplainsthateverytimesynthetic(合成的)clothesgointoawashingmachine,alargenumberofplasticfibersfalloff.Mostwashingmachinescan'tcollectthesemicrofibers.Soeverytimethewatergetsoutofawashingmachine,microfibersareenteringthesewersandfinallyendupinthesea.In2011,Brownewroteapaperstatingthatasinglepieceofsyntheticclothingcanproducemorethan1,900fibersperwash.Brownecollectedsamplesfromseawaterandfreshwatersitesaroundtheworld,andusedaspecialwaytoexamineeachsample.Hediscoveredthateverysinglewatersamplecontainedmicrofibers.Thisisbadnewsforanumberofreasons.Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.Studieshavealsoshownthatplasticcanabsorbotherpollutants.Basedonthisevidence,itmayseemsurprisingthatcompaniesandorganizationshavechosentoturnplasticwasteintoclothingasanenvironmental“solution”.Eventhoughthesciencehasbeenaroundforawhile,Browneexplainsthathe'shadadifficulttimegettingcompaniestolisten.Whenheaskedwell­knownclothingcompaniestosupportBenignbyDesign—hisresearchprojectthatseekstogetclothesthathaveabadeffectonhumansandtheenvironmentoutofthemarket,Brownedidn'tgetasatisfyinganswer.Onlyonewomen'sclothingcompany,EileenFisher,offeredBrownefunding.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了把可回收塑料重组制成的衣服在清洗时会产生大量纤维，微纤维对海洋环境造成了严重的危害。1．Whathashappenedduringthepastfiveyears?A．Fabrichasbecomemuchstronger.B．Plasticpollutionhasbeenlessserious.C．Manyplasticbottleshavebeenreused.D．Microfibershavebeengreatlyimproved.解析：选C细节理解题。由第一段中的“Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies...turningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.”可知，在过去的五年中有很多塑料瓶被再次利用，故选C。2．WhatdoesBrownethinkofwashingsyntheticclothes?A．Itisaddingmicrofiberstotheclothes.B．Itisworseningenvironmentalproblems.C．Itismakingsyntheticclotheslastlonger.D．Itisdoinggreatdamagetowashingmachines.解析：选B细节理解题。结合第四段中的“Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.”可知，微纤维对海洋生物有很大的危害。由此可知，合成型衣服的清洗会产生大量微纤维，微纤维的排放会加重海洋问题，故选B。3．WhatcanbeinferredaboutBrowne'sBenignbyDesignresearchproject?A．Ithasachievedgreatsuccess.B．Ithasn'tgotanythingdone.C．Itisknowntoveryfewpeople.D．Itisfacingsomedifficulties.解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Whenheasked...Brownedidn'tgetasatisfyinganswer.”可推知，他的研究项目遇到了困难，故选D。4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．It'simportanttolearntorecycleB．It'snevereasytosolvepollutionproblemsC．Recycledplasticclothing:solutionorpollution?D．Arehumanbeingsmovingforwardorbackward?解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章就将可回收塑料重组制成衣服这项技术究竟是对环境的保护还是对环境的再次污染进行了说明。故C项能够概括文章中心，可作为标题。Ⅱ.阅读七选五4sustainabilitytipsforEarthDayOnthisEarthDay,seaturtlesarethrivingonFloridabeachesandtheairinLosAngelesiscleanerthaneverbefore.Buttheseeventsaretheresultofthecoronaviruspandemic,whentherearefewercarsontheroad,planesinthesky,andfactoriesatfullproduction.Withmostpeopleathome,natureisprospering.Fewbelievetheseimprovementswillcontinuewhenpeopleareabletoheadtotheofficeagain.__1__Helptheenvironmentwhileeatinghealthier.__2__Usingingredientsthathaveamuchsmallerenvironmentalimpactcomparedtousinganimalproducts.Whileyou'reinthekitchen,insteadofthrowingawayyourbitsofonion,celery,andgarlic,scoopupthescrapsandtryre­growingthemforyourowngarden.Timeforspringrecycling.Alotofpeopleareusingtheirextratimeathometoremovetheirclothesthey'llneverwearagainandbirthdaycardsfromadecadeago.Insteadofthrowingitallaway,thereareseveralcompaniesandnonprofitsthatwillaccepttheseitems,turningthemintonewproductsorrecyclablematerials.TheCrayonInitiativetakesdiscardedcrayons,meltsthemdown,andremanufacturesthem,withthenewcrayonsthensenttochildren'shospitals.__3____4__Here'sasmallerdecisionthatcanmakeadifference:Whenrecyclingabottle,makesureyoufirsttakeoffthebottlecapandthrowitinthetrash.Also,whencafesarebackopenagain,chooseareusablethermosorenjoyyourdrinkinoneoftheirmugsbecausepaper­to­gocoffeecupsarelinedwithaplasticfilmthatcan'tberecycled.Properlydisposeofprescriptiondrugs.Inordertokeeptheno­longer­necessaryprescriptiondrugsawayfromkidsoranyoneelsewhoshouldn'tgetintothem,somepeopleflushthemdownthetoilet.__5__Mostcommunitieshaveasafeplacetodisposeofoldandunusedprescriptions,withpharmaciesandhospitalsoftenacceptingthedrugs.A．Throwawaythosebottlecaps.B．Collectasmorebottlecapsaspossible.C．Lockdownisagoodtimetotrymoreplant­basedrecipes.D．Itisagreatwaytodealwitholdandunusedprescriptions.E．Thiscanchangethewatersupplyandaffectwaterwildlife.F．However,therearestillafewthingswecandofortheplanet.G．Evenoldbirthday,Christmas,andthankyoucardscanbemadenewagain,thankstoSt.Jude'sRanchforChildren.语篇解读：本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四条人类可以为地球做的环保且可持续发展的建议。1．解析：选F本句为本段最后一句，有启示下文的作用；结合后文主要介绍了四条可持续发展的建议可知，F项“然而，我们仍然可以为地球做一些事情”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。2．解析：选C结合上下文可知，此处是在说明吃得健康就是尝试更多植物性的食物。故C项“禁闭期是尝试更多植物性食谱的好时机”符合上下文语境，故选C。3．解析：选G上文主要列举了一些日常可以回收利用的东西，如旧衣服和蜡笔，故G项“即使旧的生日、圣诞节和感谢卡也可以重新制作，这都要感谢圣裘德儿童农场”承接上文语境，故选G。4．解析：选A根据后文“Whenrecyclingabottle,makesureyoufirstta