北京邮电大学工程硕士英语考前辅导

1工程硕士英语考前辅导考试要求、考点、题型分析

2考试要求全国硕士学位研讨生入学资历考试外语运用才干测试的词汇与语法部分共10题.5题为词汇题五题为语法题.词汇题主要是调查考生掌握并熟练运用英语词汇及短语的才干.根据考试大纲规定,考生应领会式掌握4,250个左右单词和500个常用词组,并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词;着重要掌握名词,动词,描画词,短语和固定搭配,其中包括同义词,反义词,形近词等的辨析.3考点及题型分析短语类题型--------了解题意,去伪存真

短语类试题是词汇部分比较主要的一个考点，主要涉及动词短语，介词短语及起连词作用的固定词组〔如aboveall,inthat,otherthan,ratherthan等)。做好这类标题主要依托学生平常的掌握与积累,特别是一些常用动词如go,put,fall,give,take,come,keep,get,bring,make,hold,turn,look,ask,stand,lay,live,run,call等与介词或副词的常用搭配应牢记在心。42005年真题中相关标题Tospeedupyourentry,pleasebringyourAdmissionCardwithyou.Sochildlesscoupleswillsufferdiscriminationfromfamilymembersandneighbors.(closeNo.39)5单词辨义题型

-----分析选项,消除干扰单词辨义是词汇题中的另一大题型.可以把它分为词义辨析,近义词辨析和形近词辨析.这种标题对考生的词汇量要求很大.反过来说,也是对考生词汇量掌握情况的有效检验。考生在解此类标题时要留意仔细分析各个选项,逐一排除干扰项.

词义辨析词义辨析还比较单纯考词汇量,选择项中的词之间词义都很明确,只需了解题干的意思便可作出准确选择.如:ThefirstOlympiadissaidtohaveconsisted____ofa200-yardfootracenearthesmallcityofOlympia.A)nearlyB)completelyC)merelyD)identicallyIdidn’t____totakeataxibutIhadtoasIwaslate.A)meanB)assumeC)hopeD)suppose2005年真题:P206(清华)No.9;No.10

近义词辨析近义词辨析是三者中最难的一项.它不仅调查考生的词汇量，而且调查考生在面对词与词之间存在共同概念的干扰时,如何找出区别而最终作出正确判别.Manyoldpeopleinthecitiesfindthemselvesunabletogetusedtotherapid____ofcitylife.A)rateB)speedC)stepD)pace

Generally____,theclimatehereismostsuitablefortheoldpeople.A)speakingB)tellingC)sayingD)talking

82005年真题中相关标题Everyyear,thousandsofcollegestudentsapplyfortheCCTVCupEnglishSpeech_______.A.ArgumentB.quarrelC.DebateD.ContestArgue:argueagainst辩驳arguefor(infavorof)为…辩护Debate:debate(up)on讨论,争辩

形近词辨义形近词辨义的难度界于上述两者之间,主要是从类似的拼写或发音方面给考生呵斥干扰,假设考生对某个词记忆不深,模棱两可的话,就很容易堕入被动.因此归根究竟,这种题型仍是以调查单词词义为主.

Thenewcurrencywillgetinto____soon.A)circuitB)circulationC)circularD)circleThecaptainoftheship____thepassengersthattherewasnodanger.A)assuredB)ensuredC)securedD)insured

____hissister,Jackisquietanddoesnoteasilymakefriendswithothers.A)DislikeB)UnlikeC)AlikeD)Liking

搭配关系题型---------仔细琢磨,逐一排除

英语中的搭配关系多种多样,除了在短语题型里引见过的动词与介词,动词与名词的搭配,考试中还常会考到描画词与介词,描画词与名词,名词与介词等.考生在遇到有些搭配不那么一定的情况下一定要冷静冷静,对各个选项仔细琢磨,并放入句中利用语感和平常做题的阅历进展逐一排除.如：

Hewasatalentedfootballplayerasaboy,buthenever____hisearlypromise.A)concludedB)completedC)performedD)fulfilled语法

考试要求如词汇部分所述,语法题与词汇题出如今同一部分,共5题.属单项选择题。语法是处理其他题型的根底和关键。要学好语法不能满足于记住了多少条语法规那么,更重要的是掌握它们的用法。虽然这部分只需5题,但这部分可被看作是对言语知识的考核,因此这一部分在整个考试中有举足轻重的位置,考生对这部分试题的完成准确率可以反映考生的英语根底知识打得牢不结实。

测试范围根底语法测试要求考生不仅能正确完成语法知识题,还可以举一反三,灵敏运用到其他考试题型中如阅读了解,完形填空等,这就需求考生详细掌握以下几点知识.1.名词,代词的数与格的构成及用法:Book/books,tomato/tomatoes;tooth/teeth(变内部元音)deer/deer,means/means(词形不变/通形名词)criterion/criteria,syllabus/syllabi(外来词)

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2.描画词,副词的比较级

和最高级的构成及用法.3.动词的根本时态，语态的构成方式及用法见真题No.24.非谓语动词的构成方式及用法见真题No.45.虚拟语气的构成方式及用法6.各类从句的构成方式及用法7.强调句的构成方式及用法8.倒装句的构成方式及用法见真题No.79.主谓一致的用法14阅读了解

阅读部分的测试要求及测试范围测试要求阅读部分共设20题。短文4篇。要求考生在了解短文的根底上从每题的四项选择中取最正确答案。阅读部分的考试目的是测试考生从阅读资料中获取信息的才干。要求考生既具备答题的准确性，也要求考生具备一定的答题速度。主要测试以下才干：(1)掌握测试资料的中心思想、主要内容和细节；(2)

对测试资料的内容进展一定的判别和推理；(3)

了解某些词和句子的意义或上下文之间的逻辑关系；(4)

领会作者的观念并能判别作者的态度。151.掌握测试资料的中心思想、主要内容

和细节Beedancingisafascinatingfieldofstudy.Scientistshavediscoveredthatbeescommunicatecertaininformationaboutfoodsourcesbythedirectiontheyface,themannerinwhichtheymove,andtheintensitywithwhichtheymakenoise.However,becausebeedancingappearstovaryaccordingtospecies,beecommunicationprobablymustberegardedasinheritedratherthanlearnedbehavior.16Question1:Whatisthetopicofthepassage?A)beebehaviorB)beecommunicativemovementsC)beedancingD)learnedbehavior17Question2:Beedancingconsistsof:A)silentmovement

B)movementandsound

C)soundonlyD)flightpatterns

18(2)

对测试资料的内容进展一定的判别

和推理；Donotbelievethattherunningofahighlysuccessfulmultinationalbusinessmustrestwhollyupononeman,asoneleadermustbereplaceableifthebusinessissoundandstableandtheshareholdersaretobeprotected.19找出他以为最能表达出原文的一条选项A)AmultinationalbusinessneedsmorethanonemanasatopleaderB)AleadermustnotbeirreplaceableC)Acompanymustoftenreplaceitsleader.D)Leadershipmustbedeterminedbytheshareholdersfortheirprotection20(3)

了解某些词和句子的意义

或上下文之间的逻辑关系；Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassthpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier,havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.Butintheexecutivecircle,beautycanbecomealiability.21

Theword“liability〞mostprobably

means______.A)misfortuneB)instabilityC)disadvantageD)burden22(4)

领会作者的观念

并能判别作者的态度。Advertisingplaysamajorroleinthedistributionofgoodsfrommanufacturerstoconsumers.Itprovidesaneffectivewayforsellerstoinformbuyersaboutproducts.Advertisingthushelpsmanufacturersselltheirproductsandbenefitsconsumersbyprovidingthemwithshoppinginformation.23Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsadvertising?A)negativeB)PositiveC)IndifferentD)Notclear24阅读了解测试是一项检查考生阅读了解运用才干的测试部分学生平常的阅读量较小，阅读才干欠佳，大学毕业已假设干年的考生尤其如此。因此，对考生进展考前阅读了解强化训练是有必要的。1)解题步骤考前阅读了解训练普通要求考生在处置阅读资料时遵照以下步骤：阅读选项,略读全文,领会大意,寻读对照,准那么判别

解题步骤及战略252)解题战略应思索阅读的四个层次及其把握：第一层次是对单词和短语的了解；第二层次是对句子的了解；第三层次是对段落的了解，即经过分析句与句之间的逻辑关系得出该段落的构造和大意第四层次是对篇章的了解，即经过分析段与段之间的逻辑关系得出整篇文章的构造和大意。26在实践阅读过程中，上述四个层次是相互联络、不可截然分开的。在大多数情况下，正确的阅读方法，要把对文章细节的阅读与其整体篇章大意的阅读相结合，而以从上下文衔接的篇章大意了解为主线来进展。27利用上下文，猜测词义Heissuccessfulasabusinessmanbecauseofhisdynamicpersonality．Heseemstohaveunlimitedenergy．Theexpensivecurtainsandluxuriouscarpetsweretheonlyremainingsignsofthehouse’sformeropulence.A)povertyB)wealthC)conditionD)ugliness

282根据同义、反义关系确定词义阅读中，特别是要留意表示反意的信号词：incontrast，ontheotherhand，ratherthan，however，yet,although，while，unlike，but，whereas，asopposedto等。例:MysisterMarieisanoptimist，whileherboyfriendisonewhoisalwaysgloomyandexpectstheworsttohappen．

29利用标点符号/利用构词法猜测词Agorillaalwaysmakesmethinkofthewordaloof—notfriendly,ofdistancefromothers.Theyoverestimatetheinterviewee’sabilityandaskedhimmanydifficultquestions．30HaveaTry(Reading)Itistruethatasasocialorganizationmovesfromthesimpletothecomplex,sodoestheorganizationthroughwhichiteducatesitschildren.Growthandchangearevitalifeducationistomeetnewneedsanddemands.31Inaverysimplesocialorder,itmaysufficetohavetheparentscarryontheeducationoftheirchildren.However,aswillbeshownlaterinmoredetail,suchamethodmaybecomeentirelyuntenable,andspecialindividualsareentrustedwiththetask.32

Thesemaybehiredprivatelyfirst,butsoonthesocialgroupthechurch,village,andthelike---willberesponsibleforeducation.Eventually,specialtrainingisrequiredforthosewhodotheteaching,andanagencytocontrolthistrainingisneeded.33Thustheinfluenceofthelocalgovernmentunit,suchasthetown,township,andlaterthestateortheprovincebecomesnecessary.Itwasgenerallyconsideredsimplertouseasaunitthealreadyexistinglocalunit.341.1.

1.Theclosestrestatementofthefirstsentenceis:A)Themorecomplexasocialorganizationbecomes,themorecomplextheeducationalsystembecomes.B)Thecomplexityofasocialorganizationdependsonthecomplexityoftheeducationalsystem.C)Socialorganizationsaretrulyascomplexastheyneedtobeforeducationalpurposes.

D)Oursocietymustbecomplexifwewantoureducationsystemtoserveourchildren’seducationalrequirements.35Thewriterwouldprobablyarguefor________.A)

moreparentalinfluenceineducationB)

aneducationalsystemwhichtakessocialcomplexityintoaccount.C)

strictstatecontrolofeducationD)morespecialtrainingforteachers.36Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhythelocalgovernmentunitbecomeinfluentialisthat————teachersbecometoopowerfulenrollmentincreasesC)aneedarisestocontroltheeducationofteachersD)

thechurchorvillagelackstheabilitytooverseeeducation37Theauthorpromisestoexplain______.

A)

thenecessityofthelocalgovernmentunit.B)

whyitiseasiertousethegovernmenttocontroleducationC)

theresponsibilityofthesocialgroupwhyparentsshouldnotteachtheirchildren.38HaveanotherTry

AdvertisingdoesmoreforthematerialbenefitofthecommunitythananyotherforceIcanthinkof.

ThereisonemorepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIheardawell-knowntelevisionpersonalitydeclarethathewasagainstadvertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewasdrawingexcessivelyfinedistinctions.Ofcourseadvertisingseekstopersuade.39QuestionsTheauthordeemsthatthewell-knownTVpersonalityis______________.A)verypreciseinpassinghisjudgementonadvertising.B)interestedinnothingbutthebuyers’attentionC)correctintellingthedifferencebetweenpersuationandinformationD)obviouslypartialinhisviewsonadvertising40Key:DCue:“excessively〞Fewcreationsofbigtechnologycapturetheimaginationlikegiantdams.Perhapsitishumankinds’longsufferingatthemercyoffloodanddroughtthatmakestheidealofforcingthewaterstodoourbiddingsofascinating.Buttobefascinatedisalso,sometimes,tobeblind.Severalgiantdamprojectsthreatentodomoreharmthangood.41Thelastbutonesentenceimpliesthat___A)peoplewouldbehappyiftheyshuttheireyestoreality.B)theblindcouldbehappierthanthesighted.C)over-excitedpeopletendtoneglectvitalthings.D)fascinationmakespeoplelosetheirsight.42Explanation:Key:c(就转机处设题〕先排除B和D：绝不是在谈盲人问题。〔theblind,loseeyesight).选项中Over-excited即原文中fascinated;选项中Neglectvitalthings即原文中beblind(toseethefact)thatthesedamsthreatentodomoreharmthangood.43运用文类Anintroductorycourseforstudentsnotmajoringinphysics,chemistryorbiologybutwhorequireaknowledgeoffundamentalphysicalprinciples.Somemathematicalpreparationisneeded.Prerequisite:Math95,orequivalent.Threelectures.3hrs.Laboratoryexperimentsillustratephysicalprinciples.44问题Thiscoursecanbestbedescribedas______.A)abasicphysicscourseB)amathematicscourseC)anintroductoryexperimentcourseD)alaboratoryexperimentcourse45完形填空完形填空部分的测试要求及测试范围要求考生阅读一篇难度适中的短文〔约150~200个英文单词〕，考生需运用本人的言语综合才干，在全面了解文章内容的根底上，选择最正确答案，使短文的意思和构造完好、合理。它考核的是考生综合运用言语的才干。

。

46最早的完形填空方式是每隔五个或五个以上的词〔普通为5~12个词〕等距地删去一个词。这种方式测试效率较低，由于同一个词能够多次遇到，而且有的词测试意义不大。因此，后来对这一做法进计了修正，修正后的做法是有选择地删去一定量的词。对删去什么词在命题时要经过仔细设计，反复琢磨。普通来说，在被删去的词中，实词和虚词要各占一定的比例，词汇题和语法题要各占一定的比例，全局题和部分题要各占一定的比例。47

测试范围

完形填空题是以测试考生综合运用言语的才干为目的．此题型可谓是“Tokillthreebirdswithonestone.〞。

这种才干详细表达在以下三个方面：1〕对词汇知识的掌握；2〕对语法构造知识的掌握；3〕对篇章阅读才干的掌握。

48Key:A多数历史学家〔不得不/虽然〕成认工业化提高了普通民众的生活程度……UntilrecentlymosthistoriansspokeverycriticallyoftheIndustrialRevolution.They___1___thatinthelongrunindustrializationgreatlyraisedthestandardoflivingfortheaverageman.Buttheyinsistedthat…A)admittedB)believedC)claimedD)predicted49完形填空题的解题方法

1)．通读全文，掌握大意。完形填空题的第一句话一般都是完好的，而且它经常就是本段、乃至全文的中心思想。例如:是选择Payattentionto还是drawone’sattention，关键在于把握主题句。502)．根据上下文理清脉络并进展判别。考生在做题时必需时时辰刻从上下文出发思索，由于在大多数情况下，空缺项的填补都需求经过对上下文的分析才干作出判别.51例:Stangelyenough,mostyoungpeoplegetthemselvesemployedbyaccident,notknowingwhatlinesinthewayofopportunityforpromotion,happinessandsecurity.____1____,theyareemployeddoingjobsthataffordthemlittleforno____2____.1.A)forthetimebeingB)AsaresultC)InthemainD)Ontheotherhand2.A)focusB)enthusiasmC)objectionD)satisfaction52Key:1.B2.D

3)．由易到难，各个击破。普通来说，固定搭配，习惯用法最简单，考生只需记住了这些搭配及用法，可以很快找到答案。然后可过渡到部分考语法知识的标题和根据上下文选择词义的标题。最后可做需求全局性了解的标题，这种标题要求较高。531._______tosomepartsofsouthAmericaisstilldifficult,becausepartsofthecontinentarestillcoveredwiththickforests.A)AppealB)ContraryC)AccessD)oppositeKEY:A〔搭配〕54例:2.Shedoesn’tlethimleavethetrainatfive-minuteinterval___hegetlost.A)ifB)becauseC)asD)lestKEY:D(语法)554)．正确运用排除法。有的标题中，有些一眼就可排除的选项，这些可首先排除，然后把精神集中于较难取舍的选项上。在遇有难以判别的选项时，也可把每一种选择都填入空中加以分析，根据上下文信息和一些语法知识，逐一排除掉错误答案和能够性很小的选择。

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Don’tputoffdoingwhatshouldbedonetodayuntiltomorrow.__________,donewithpleasure.A)OtherwiseB)ThereC)NeverthelessD)MeanwhileKEY:D〔语篇：起并列作用〕

57例:TheadsaysthesuntanoilSolexcanprotectyourskinagainsttheharmfuleffectoftheSun’s______.A)lightB)raysC)beamsD)flashesKEY:B(排除法)585)．全篇复核，再次确认中心无误把一切标题都做出来以后，最好再把全文通读一遍，再次确认中心思想没有了解错误，以防止全盘皆错的惨局。Withalltheshortageoffundstheyhadnothadtheleastintentionofgivinguptheirresearch.

59简单的一句话，可有4个考点。复核时确定没有忽略之处。haveanintentionof;no/leastintentionof;giveup;with…giveup60考考他：Heisabitthicktodoitthatway.FacethemusicGildthelilyWheneverthere’ssomethingtogain,healwayswantstohaveafingerinthepie.HeisaJackofalltradesandmasterofnone.Withalargefamilyofgrowingkidstofeedandclothe,Hermotherhaddifficultyinmakingendsmeet.61太过分了。面对困难局面；临危不惧画蛇添足参与其事，沾手〔光〕杂而不精的人量入为出，收支相抵62

会话完成

考试要求本部分为英语运用才干测试的最后一部分,经过完成对话的方式,重在调查考生实践运用英语进展交流的综合才干.题型为10段不完好的英语简短对话,在每段对话后有4个选项,要求考生选出其中一个正确答案.63

Waiter:Welcome,sir.MayIhelpyou?Customer:_________.A)Thankyou.I’llhavefriedtofuandstir-friedcauliflower.B)Yes,please.I’dlikeahamburgerandachocolateshake.C)Sorry.Idon’tneedyourhelp,thankyou.D)Ifyouwanttohelpme,I’llbegladtoacceptit.

64Guest:Oh,it’steno’clock.I’dbettergonow.Host:____.A)

Ok.Pleasewalkslowly.B)

Whydoyouwanttogonow?don’tyouwanttostay?C)

Won'tyoustayforanothercupofcoffee?D)

Yeah,it’sreallylate.Whynotimmediately?65PhoneCallWilson:Hello.MayIspeaktoPeter?Peter:______.A)

Sorry,thenumberisengaged.Willyouhold?B)

Yes,speaking.C)

Hello.Who’reyou,please?D)

Hello.Thankyouforcalling.[66BetweenTwoPersonsMan:DoyoumindifIsmokehere?Woman:____.A)

Allright.Ifyoujustsmokeoneeachday?B)

Ofcoursenot---thisisanosmokingcompartment.C)

No,I’msorry.D)

Well,yes,actually---thisisanosmokingcompartment.67Stillmore…1.

Man:Wow!Howbeautifulyouaretoday!Woman:_______.A)YouaresuchanicemanB)It’snothingC)don’tmakeafussD)I’mgladtohearit.Thankyou!682.

Man:Ihavetwoticketsfortonight’sconcert.Couldyougowithme?Woman:I’dliketo,butI’mbusytonight.Man:_________.A)

Allmyworkgoesfornothing.B)Whatapity.I’msorry.C)HowcouldIdosuchasillything?D)Isitjustaswhatyousaid?69Goonwithit…3.

Linda:What’sthematterwithyou?Jack:It’stheboss.I’vetriedmybest,buthe’stoohardtobepleased.Linda:__________.A)

You’lldoitbetternexttime.B)Yeah.It’sreallyhardforyou.C)TakeyourtimeD)Howcouldallthishappentoyou?704.

Man:What’sthenoiseupstairs?Woman:Itseemsthey’rewrestling.Man:_________.A)Ican’tstanditanymore.B)Idon’tlikeit.C)WhatashameD)It’sastorminateacup.715.Oldman:Excuseme.Couldyoutellmewheretherestroomsare?Youngman:________.Oldman:Well,thankyouanyway.Youngman:Notatall.A)

Taketheelevatortothesecondfloorandturnright.B)

I’mgoingtheremyself.Letmeleadyoutheway.C)

Yes.It’sjustaroundthecorner.D)I’mnotsure.I’mastrangerheretoo.72分类记忆(水果,食物)1.

She’sthe______ofherfather’seyes.2.

Heisthetop_____inthiscompany.(mainboss)3.

Thecarisareal______.(worthlessthing)4.Idon’twanttoinvitehim,suchawet____.5.Henhasgotthe______job.(plum,banana,noodle,apple,lemon)

73Reference:1.

She’sthe_apple_ofherfather’seyes.2.

Heisthetop_banana_inthiscompany.(mainboss)3.

Thecarisareal_lemon_.(worthlessthing)4.

Idon’twanttoinvitehim,suchawet_noodle_.(blanketisbetter)5.Hehsgotthe_plum_job.(highly-paidjob)74分类记忆(动物)1.Ialwaysget___whenI’monthestage.(nervous)2.

He’sbeen____-peckedforthepastyears.3.

Ireallyopenedupacanof____whenIaskhimhowhismarriagewas.(averycomplicatedanddelicatetopic)4.Sheisasbusyas_____.5.Theymadea_____outofhim.(hen,worms,butterflies,monkey,bee)75reference1.Ialwaysget_butterflies_whenI’monthestage.(nervous)2.

He’sbeen_hen_-peckedforthepastyears.3.

Ireallyopenedupacanof_worms_whenIaskhimhowhisma