北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。KatieWhetsellwasinterestedinmusicalsandDisneymoviesfromanearlyage.Whenhermother,Karen,wasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancer,thefamilymadea____1____togotoDisneyWorld,whichhadbeenalong-timedreamvacationforKaren.They____2____andheadedtoDisneyWorldforatripthatnoneofthemwouldever____3____.Katiewouldrememberforeverthemomentthat____4____herlifeonthattrip.Afteralongdayattheparks,theWhetsellsdecidedto____5____oneofDisneyWorld’smanynightlylightshows.Whilewatching,aperformer____6____KarenandrestedherhandonKaren’sshoulder.Theyexchangedsmilesand,tothisday,Katieremembershow____7____hermomlooked.Thewholefamilywas____8____andmovedtotears.ThiswasthedaywhenKatiedecidedshewantedto____9____forDisneyasaperformer.Katiebegantofollowherdreamaftershereceivedher______10______inmusicaltheaterfromOtterbeinUniversity.Herhardworkfinally______11______whenshegotajobonDisneyCruiseLine(邮轮)in2009,andlaterasa______12______inDisneyonClassic(迪士尼音乐会)inTokyo.Katiehasastrongmessageforeveryone,______13______peoplewhomaybeexperiencingahardtime.“JustlikeinyourfavoriteDisneymovie,”shesays,“thereisalwayssomekindof______14______orpressure.Butrememberto______15______thosemoments,too,becausetheyaretakingyoutoyourhappyending.”1.A.comment B.summary C.presentation D.decision2.A.gavein B.settleddown C.packedup D.tookover3.A.benefit B.forget C.finish D.dislike4.A.saved B.balanced C.shortened D.changed5.A.request B.admire C.introduce D.organize6.A.approached B.defended C.persuaded D.affected7.A.respectful B.peaceful C.cheerful D.powerful8.A.touched B.ashamed C.distracted D.anxious9.A.care B.search C.work D.stand10.A.degree B.job C.blessing D.reward11.A.brokeout B.paidoff C.showedup D.camearound12.A.director B.writer C.journalist D.performer13.A.exactly B.actually C.especially D.gradually14.A.violence B.hardship C.loneliness D.doubt15.A.celebrate B.recognize C.spend D.select【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了KatieWhetsell的母亲Karen被诊断出癌症，于是他们一家决定去Karen期待的迪士尼世界旅行，结果这次旅行改变了Katie的生活，让她决定为迪士尼工作。经过努力，她最终成了迪士尼的表演者，她认为困难的时刻可以被庆祝，因为它们将带你走向幸福的结局。【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.D5.B6.A7.C8.A9.C10.A11.B12.D13.C14.B15.A1．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的母亲Karen被诊断出患有癌症时，全家决定去迪斯尼世界，这是Karen长期以来的梦想假期。A.comment评论；B.summary摘要；C.presentation报告；D.decision决定。根据下文“They_______andheadedtoDisneyWorldforatrip”可知，他们去了迪士尼世界旅行，因此此处指决定去迪斯尼世界。故选D。2．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们收拾好行李，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A.gavein屈服；B.settleddown安顿下来；C.packedup收拾行李；D.tookover接管。根据下文“headedtoDisneyWorldforatrip”可推知，他们应该是收拾好行李，然后去旅行。故选C。3．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们收拾好行李，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A.benefit受益；B.forget忘记；C.finish完成；D.dislike不喜欢。根据下文“Katiewouldrememberforeverthemomentthat_______herlifeonthattrip.”可知，Katie对这次旅行中的某一时刻印象深刻，由此推知，这是一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。故选B。4．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Katie将永远记住那次旅行中改变她一生的那一刻。A.saved保存；B.balanced平衡；C.shortened缩短；D.changed改变。根据下一段中Katie去读音乐剧专业，去迪士尼工作可推知，这次旅行改变了她的生活，让她做出了重要的决定。故选D。5．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在公园度过了漫长的一天后，Whetsell一家决定欣赏迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场。A.request请求；B.admire欣赏；C.introduce介绍；D.organize组织。根据下文“oneofDisneyWorld’smanynightlylightshows”可推知，作为游客的他们应该是去欣赏迪士尼的夜间灯光秀。故选B。6．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近Karen，把手放在她的肩膀上。A.approached接近；B.defended辩护；C.persuaded说服；D.affected影响。根据下文“restedherhandonKaren’sshoulder”可推知，这位表演者应该是先接近Karen，然后把手放在她的肩膀上。故选A。7．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们互相微笑，直到今天，Katie还记得妈妈是多么高兴。A.respectful尊敬的；B.peaceful和平的；C.cheerful高兴的；D.powerful强大的。根据上文“whichhadbeenalong-timedreamvacationforKaren”和“Theyexchangedsmiles”可知，迪士尼之旅一直是Karen期待的旅行，这位表演者和她互相微笑了，由此推知，她应该会非常高兴。故选C。8．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。A.touched感动的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.distracted分心的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据下文“andmovedtotears”可知，全家人是感动得流下了眼泪。故选A。9．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那天，Katie决定了，她想去迪士尼工作当表演者。A.care关心；B.search搜索；C.work工作；D.stand忍受。根据下文“whenshegotajobonDisneyCruiseLine(邮轮)in2009,andlaterasa_________inDisneyonClassic(迪士尼音乐会)inTokyo”可知，后来Katie真的在迪士尼里工作了，由此可知，此处指她想去迪士尼工作当表演者。故选C。10．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Katie在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位后开始追寻她的梦想。A.degree学位；B.job工作；C.blessing祝福；D.reward奖励。根据下文“inmusicaltheaterfromOtterbeinUniversity”可推知，Katie应该是在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位。故选A。11．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年，她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来又在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任表演者。A.brokeout爆发；B.paidoff得到回报；C.showedup露面；D.camearound拜访。根据下文“whenshegotajobonDisneyCruiseLine(邮轮)in2009,andlaterasa________inDisneyonClassic(迪士尼音乐会)inTokyo”可知，后来Katie真的在迪士尼里工作了，由此可知，此处指她的努力得到了回报。故选B。12．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年，她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来又在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任表演者。A.director导演；B.writer作家；C.journalist新闻记者；D.performer表演者。根据上文“ThiswasthedaywhenKatiedecidedshewantedto_______forDisneyasaperformer.”可知，Katie想去迪士尼当表演者，因此此处指她真的成为一名这样的表演者。故选D。13．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Katie给每个人一个强烈的信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。A.exactly确切地；B.actually实际上；C.especially尤其；D.gradually逐渐地。根据上文“everyone”和下文“peoplewhomaybeexperiencingahardtime”可推知，此处想强调Katie的信息尤其针对的是正在经历困难时期的人。故选C。14．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“就像你最喜欢的迪士尼电影一样，”她说，“总会有一些困难或压力。”A.violence暴力；B.hardship困难；C.loneliness孤独；D.doubt怀疑。根据上文“peoplewhomaybeexperiencingahardtime”可知，Katie想鼓励那些正在经历困难时期的人，因此此处指总有一些困难或压力。故选B。15．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但也要记住庆祝这些时刻，因为它们会带你走向幸福的结局。A.celebrate庆祝；B.recognize认可；C.spend花费；D.select选择。根据下文“becausetheyaretakingyoutoyourhappyending”可知，Katie认为这些时刻会带领人们走向幸福的结局，因此她会建议人们记住庆祝这些时刻。故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Parrotsusuallyliveinlargegroupsandtheyliketoeatfruit.They_____16_____(find)incountrieslikeBrazil,AustraliaandIndia.Therearedifferentkindsofparrots,buttheyallhavestrongbeaksandfeet,_____17_____theyuseforclimbingandholdingfood.Thebiggestparrotscanliveforupto80years.Theyare_____18_____(noise),buttheyarecleverbirdsanditiseasytoteachthemtotalk.Somezooshaveparrotshows,whereyoucanseebirdsdoingthingstheyhavelearned.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种鸟类动物——鹦鹉。【答案】16.arefound17.which18.noisy16．【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：它们在巴西、澳大利亚和印度等国被发现。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语They和动词find为被动关系，结合上下文时态以及句意可知，此处应为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填arefound。17．【解析】考查定语从句。句意：鹦鹉有不同的种类，但它们都有强壮的喙和脚，它们用来攀爬和抓食物。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词beaksandfeet在从句中作宾语成分。故填which。18．【解析】考查形容词。句意：它们很吵，但它们是聪明的鸟，教它们说话很容易。根据句意以及空前are系动词可知，此处为形容词noisy“吵闹的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填noisy。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。_____19_____(keep)alearningdiaryisapossiblewaytolearnindependently.Yourlearningdiariescouldrecordyourprogress—yourteacher’smarks,theareasyoucovered,thepointsyoudidnotunderstand,theproblemsyoufaced,andthemeansyouused_____20_____(overcome)them.Ifyoukeepsuchadiary,youwillundoubtedlybecomemuchmoreawareofyourownlearning_____21_____(difficulty),andwillbemorelikelytosolvethem.Besides,youcanbenefitbywritingaboutyourexpectationsforacourse,andreportingontheoutcomesofit.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写学习日记的方法和好处。【答案】19.Keeping20.toovercome21.difficulties19．【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。分析句子可知，空处和空后的alearningdiary搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用keep的动名词形式，且空处位于句首，keeping的首字母需大写。故填Keeping。20．【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的学习日记可以记录你的进步——你的老师给出的分数，你涵盖了的领域，你不理解的点，你遇到的问题，以及你用来克服它们的方法。分析句子可知，此处为修饰先行词means的定语从句，先行词在从句中作used的宾语，空处作句子的目的状语，因此应用overcome的不定式形式。故填toovercome。21．【解析】考查名词的数。句意：如果你坚持写这样的日记，你无疑会更加意识到自己学习上的困难，并且更有可能解决它们。根据下文的“solvethem”可知，them指代这里学习上的困难，因此空处应用difficulty的复数形式。故填difficulties。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。BeforeMr.Jenkinstaughtme,science_____22_____(be)asubjectfullofstrangewordstome.Ihadnoidea_____23_____hydrogenwas,andIdidn’treallywanttoknow,either!ButMr.Jenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.Heusedtoexplainthingswhichseemeddifficult_____24_____lotsofpracticalexamplesandinsimplelanguage.Oneday,hetookusoutside,andwe_____25_____(build)arocket!Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocket,andthenanotherstudentlitamatchtosetitoff.Itwasgreatfun.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过一次实验，激发了自己对科学的兴趣。【答案】22.hadbeen23.what24.with25.built22．【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在詹金斯先生教我之前，科学对我来说是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由BeforeMr.Jenkinstaughtme时间状语可知，此处动作应表示过去的过去，为过去完成时。故填hadbeen。23．【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作表语成分，意为“什么东西”。故填what。24．【解析】考查介词。句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释那些看起来很难的事情。根据句意以及空后lotsofpracticalexamples为名词短语可知，此处为介词with表示“用，使用”，满足句意要求。故填with。25．【解析】考查动词时态。句意：有一天，他带我们出去，我们造了一个火箭！分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由and连接的took为过去时可知，此处动词也应为一般过去时，构成并列结构。故填built。第二部分阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AExploreyourworld—MirthyOnlineeventstohelpyoudiscover,learnandconnectWhoisMirthy?Mirthyisoneofthemostpopularwebsitesforonlineeventsandalreadylovedandtrustedbymorethan45,000people.Itwasdesignedtocreateaninclusivecommunitywherepeoplecanlearn,share,andconnectwithothersthroughavarietyofeventsthatareactive,sociable,anduplifting.It’sallaboutfulfilmentandwellbeing.Therearesomeonlineeventseachmonthtotry,fromcraftworkshops(手工工坊)tofitnesssessions.Forexample,accordingtooureventcalendar,thisweekyoucanattendgardeningclassesandsinginglessons.Sowhetheryouhaveadesiretogetfitterortopickupanewskill—signingupforclassesandeventswithMirthycouldbejustwhatyouhavebeenlookingfor.Howdoesitwork?SignupviatheonlineregistrationformatM.Thenyoucantakealookthroughthecalendarofupcomingeventsandseewhattakesyourfancy.Onceyouregisterforanevent,youwillthenreceivealinkonemailreadyforyoutojointheliveevent.Ifyourplanschangeandyoucan’tmakeit,youwillreceivealinkfora7-dayreplaythatyoucanwatchatatimethatisconvenientforyou!Bestofall,it’scompletelyFREEtojoin!JoinMirthyforfreetoday,andyoucanenjoyany4eventseverymonth,forfree!Ifyou’reupformore,thenyoucaneitherselectandbookadditionaleventsonapay-as-you-gobasis,normallyfor£2.99each,oryoucanupgradetothePremiummembershipgivingyoufullfreeaccesstoalleventsforonly£4.99permonth.IfyouchoosetogoforthePremiummembership,there’snocontract.Yousimplyupgradeyourmembershipandyoucancancelanytime.26.Mirthyisintendedto_________.A.improvepeople’sfitness B.organizesociableeventsC.providecraftworkshops D.createanonlinecommunity27.WhatcanpeopledoatMirthythisweek?A.Makeartcrafts. B.Talkaboutfitnessexperience.C.Learnsongs. D.Studywildplantsandanimals.28.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMirthy?A.Peoplecansignupfortheeventsonline.B.Theeventscanbewatchedagainatanytime.C.Peoplecanupgradetheirmembershipforfree.D.Nomorethan4eventsareofferedeachmonth.29.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tosharealifestyle.B.Torecommendawebsite.C.Tointroduceonlineevents.D.Toexplainaregistrationprocess.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。文章对这个网站进行了推广和宣传。【答案】26.D27.C28.A29.B26．【解析】细节理解题。根据WhoisMirthy?中“Mirthyisoneofthemostpopularwebsitesforonlineeventsandalreadylovedandtrustedbymorethan45,000people.Itwasdesignedtocreateaninclusivecommunitywherepeoplecanlearn,share,andconnectwithothersthroughavarietyofeventsthatareactive,sociable,anduplifting.(Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到超过45,000人的喜爱和信任。它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。)”可知，Mirthy的目的是创建一个在线社区。故选D。27．【解析】细节理解题。根据WhoisMirthy?标题下第二段“Forexample，accordingtooureventcalendar，thisweekyoucanattendgardeningclassesandsinginglessons.(例如，根据我们的活动日历，本周你可以参加园艺课和歌唱课。)”可知，本周人们可以在Mirthy学习歌曲。故选C。28．【解析】细节理解题。根据Howdoesitwork?标题下第一段“SignupviatheonlineregistrationformatM.（通过M的在线注册表注册。）”可知，人们可以在线报名参加Mirthy的活动。故选A。29．【解析】目的意图题。根据标题Exploreyourworld—Mirthy（探索你的世界——Mirthy）和第一段“Mirthyisoneofthemostpopularwebsitesforonlineeventsandalreadylovedandtrustedbymorethan45，000people.（Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。）”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一个网站。故选B。BTheWellthatChangedtheWorldAsasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose—onlytenstepsaway.So,Ryanaskedhimself,“WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometerstogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?”YoungRyanthought,“Lifeiseasyforme,buthardforthosepeople.Whydon’tIhelp?”Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfamilyandneighbors.Hesoonreachedhisfirsttarget(目标)of$70,butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity,hewastoldthatitactuallycost$2,000tobuildawell.Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighborsandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.Atthesametime,afriendofRyan’smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschoolnolongerneededtowalkforhourstogetwater.Theyweregratefultohimandinvitedhimtovisit.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.Butthatwasnotall.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoongreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.Later,Ryan’sexperienceledhimtosetupafoundation(基金会)toencouragemorepeopletohelp.Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.Ryan’sfoundationcontinuestoattractsupportfrommoreandmorepeople,sotheworkofbuildingmorewellscangoon.Today,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.30.ThefollowingstatementsmakeRyandecidetohelpstudentsindevelopingAfricancountries,EXCEPT_________.A.Ryanhastroublesunderstandingthewordsspokenbyteachers.B.Manystudentsaresufferingfromsicknesscausedbydirtywater.C.Ryanthoughtlifeshouldn’tbesohardforthemwhilehisiseasy.D.Manystudentshavetowalkalongwaytogetcleanandsafewater.31.HowdidRyanraisemoneytobuildawellafterfinishinghisfirsttarget?A.Byaskinghisteacherandfriends’parentsforhelp.B.Bypersuadingpeoplearoundhimtodonatemoney.C.Bysettingupapublicfoundationtoattractsupport.D.Bydoingsomeworkforhisfamilyandneighbors.32.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeRyan?A.Kind-heartedanddetermined. B.Humorousandambitious.C.Braveandgenerous. D.Gratefulandhardworking.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安如何通过自己的努力和坚持，帮助非洲的孩子们获得干净的饮用水的故事。【答案】30.A31.B32.A30．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose—onlytenstepsaway.So,Ryanaskedhimself,“WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometerstogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?”YoungRyanthought,“Lifeiseasyforme,buthardforthosepeople.Whydon’tIhelp?”(作为一个六岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信他的老师说的话：在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。他的目光掠过教室，望向对面喷泉式的饮水机。它非常近——只有十步之遥。所以，瑞安问自己：“为什么一些非洲的孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么水会那么脏，以至于他们喝了会生病？”小瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙？”)”可知，瑞安想要帮助非洲国家的孩子是因为很多非洲的孩子因为喝了不干净的水而生病，他们要走很远的路才能喝到干净的水以及他认为他们的生活不应该那么艰难，而他的生活却很轻松；选项A.Ryanhastroublesunderstandingthewordsspokenbyteachers.(瑞安不能理解老师说的话)，瑞安不是不能理解老师说的话，而是听到老师说很多非洲孩子喝不到足够的饮用水而感到惊讶，难以置信，所以A选项不正确，不是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项B.Manystudentsaresufferingfromsicknesscausedbydirtywater.(很多学生因为喝了不干净的水而生病)，所以B选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项C.Ryanthoughtlifeshouldn’tbesohardforthemwhilehisiseasy.(瑞安认为他们的生活不应该那么艰难，而他的生活却很轻松)，所以C选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项D.Manystudentshavetowalkalongwaytogetcleanandsafewater.(很多学生不得不步行很远才能得到干净和安全的饮用水)，所以D选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因。综上所述，选项A不是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因。故选A。31．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighborsandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.(两千美元是很大一笔钱，但是瑞安没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款)”可知，瑞安是通过说服周围的人捐款来建造水井。故选B。32．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“YoungRyanthought,“Lifeiseasyforme,buthardforthosepeople.Whydon’tIhelp?”(小瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙？”)”以及第三段“Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighborsandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.(两千美元是很大一笔钱，但是瑞安没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款)”可知，瑞安是一个心地善良且意志坚定的人。故选A。CThebaldeaglewasonceadyingspeciesintheUnitedStates.Thisisbecausethebirdwasn’talwaysheldwithrespect.AttheNationalBookFestival,authorJackE.Davisdetailedthebaldeagle’s“greatconservationsuccessstory”.Thebaldeaglehasfacedextinctiontwice.Thefirstoccurredinthelate19thcentury.“Itwasthenthatabaldeagleseenwasonetobeshot,”hesaid.Heexplainedthatthebirdhadbeenregardedasadangerousanimal,andconsideredathreat.Butsuchthreattendedtobeoverstated.Throughouttheearly20thcentury,thousandsofbaldeagleswereshotdown.Thingsbegantochangeforthebirdin1940,whenthegovernmentpasseditslegalprotection—theBaldEagleProtectionAct.However,onlyfiveyearslater,thebirdfaceditssecondnearextinctionwhenDDT,anenvironmentallyharmfulinsecticide(杀虫剂),wasintroducedattheendofWorldWarⅡ.In1963,thebaldeaglehititslowestnumber—totalinglessthan500nestingpairsacrosstheU.S.“Atthattime,onlyaboutone-thirdofthenation’swaterwassafeforswimmingandfishing,”Davissaid.“Thatwaseaglehabitat,butalsoourhabitat.”“Westeppedup.”Hementionedthatthissituationledanonprofitorganization,FishandWildlife,tolaunch“hugelysuccessful”eagleprotectionprojects.By2007,thebaldeaglewasremovedfromthelistasthespeciesregaineditshealth,reachingnearly11,000nestingpairsnationwide,andtoday’snumberissomewherearound500,000.Forthoselookingtoassistintheongoingcomebackofthebaldeagleandotherendangeredanimals,Davissaid,almosteverystatehasacenterthatacceptsdonationsandwelcomesvisitorsandvolunteers.33.Whatmadethebaldeaglealmostextinctforthefirsttime?A.Theillegalhunting. B.Theloosecontrolofguns.C.Theattackfromotheranimals. D.Themisunderstandingoftheirthreat.34.WhatcausedFishandWildlifetostarteagleprotectionprojects?A.TheoutbreakofWorldWarII. B.TheoveruseofDDTnationwide.C.Thedisappearanceofeaglehabitat. D.Theworseningofeagles’livingcondition.35.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Totellastoryofadyingspecies.B.ToadvertisethebookofJackE.Davis.C.Toraisetheawarenessofprotectingwildlife.D.Tointroducethewaysofprotectingbaldeagles.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了秃鹰面临的两次灭绝，在政府和一些野生动物保护组织的努力下，秃鹰从美国濒临灭绝物种名单中消除。【答案】33.D34.D35.C33．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thebaldeaglehasfacedextinctiontwice.Thefirstoccurredinthelate19thcentury.‘Itwasthenthatabaldeagleseenwasonetobeshot,’hesaid.Heexplainedthatthebirdhadbeenregardedasadangerousanimal,andconsideredathreat.(秃鹰曾两次面临灭绝。第一次发生在19世纪后期。“那时，秃鹰一被发生就会遭到射杀，”他说。他解释说，秃鹰被视为一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。)”可知，19世纪末期，秃鹰被猎杀是因为人们认为秃鹰是一种威胁，这让秃鹰几乎灭绝。故选D项。34．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Atthattime,onlyaboutone-thirdofthenation’swaterwassafeforswimmingandfishing,’Davissaid.‘Thatwaseaglehabitat,butalsoourhabitat.’‘Westeppedup.’Hementionedthatthissituationledanonprofitorganization,FishandWildlife,tolaunch‘hugelysuccessful’eagleprotectionprojects.(“当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和钓鱼，”戴维斯说。“那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。”“我们站了出来。”他提到，这种情况让非营利组织FishandWildlife启动了“hugelysuccessful”鹰保护项目。)”可知，老鹰生存条件的恶化促使非营利性组织FishandWildlife发起鹰保护项目。故选D项。35．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Forthoselookingtoassistintheongoingcomebackofthebaldeagleandotherendangeredanimals,Davissaid,almosteverystatehasacenterthatacceptsdonationsandwelcomesvisitorsandvolunteers.(戴维斯说，对于那些希望帮助白头鹰和其他濒危动物恢复的人来说，几乎每个州都有一个接受捐款、欢迎游客和志愿者的中心。)”可知，每个州都有接受捐赠并欢迎游客和志愿者的中心，这是对人们发起号召，让大家行动起来保护野生动物，再结合本文介绍的秃鹰两次濒临灭绝的情况综合推断可知，这篇文章是为了提升人们保护野生动物的意识。故选C项。DTeenswhohavegood,supportiverelationshipswiththeirteachersenjoybetterhealthasadults,accordingtoaresearch.“Thisresearchsuggeststhatimprovingstudents’relationshipswithteacherscouldhaveimportant,positiveandlong-lastingeffectsbeyondjustacademicsuccess,”saidJinhoKim,theauthorofthestudy.“Itcouldalsobringaboutimportanthealthbenefitsinthelongrun.”Previousresearchhassuggestedthatteens’socialrelationshipsmightbelinkedtohealthoutcomesinadulthood—perhapsbecausepoorrelationshipscanleadtochronicstresswhichcanraiseaperson’sriskofhealthproblemsoverthelifespan,accordingtoKim.However,itisnotclearwhetherthelinkbetweenteenrelationshipsandlifetimehealthiscertainlycauseandeffect—itcouldbethatotherfactors,suchasdifferentfamilybackgrounds,mightcontributetobothrelationshipproblemsinadolescenceandpoorhealthinadulthood.Also,mostresearchhasfocusedonteensrelationshipswiththeirpeers,ratherthanontheirrelationshipswithteachers.Toexplorethosequestionsfurther,Kimanalyzeddataonnearly20,000participantsfromtheAddHealthstudy,anationalstudythatfollowedparticipantsfor13years,fromseventhgradeintoearlyadulthood.Theparticipantsincludedmorethan3,400pairsofbrothersandsisters.Asteens,participantsansweredquestions,like“Howoftenhaveyouhadtroublegettingalongwithotherstudents?”“Howmuchdoyouagreethatfriendscareaboutyou?”“Howoftenhaveyouhadtroublegettingalongwithyourteachers?”and“Howmuchdoyouagreethatteacherscareaboutyou?”Asadults,participantswereaskedabouttheirphysicalandmentalhealth.Researchersalsotookmeasuresofphysicalhealth,suchasbloodpressureandBMI(体质指数).Kimfoundthat,asexpected,participantswhohadreportedbetterrelationshipswithboththeirpeersandteachersinmiddleschoolandhighschoolalsoreportedbetterphysicalandmentalhealthintheirmid-20s.However,whenhecontrolledforfamilybackgroundbylookingatpairsofbrothersandsisters,onlythelinkbetweengoodteacherrelationshipsandadulthealthremainedsignificant.Theresultssuggestthatteacherrelationshipsareevenmoreimportantthanpreviouslyrealizedandthatschoolsshouldinvestintrainingteachersonhowtobuildwarmandsupportiverelationshipswiththeirstudents,accordingtoKim.36.Accordingtoparagraph3,wecanknowthat________.A.teenrelationshipswithteacherswerenotstudiedbefore.B.familybackgroundisthemainfactorinimprovingmentalhealth.C.teenrelationshipisnottheonlyfactorthataffectsthelifetimehealth.D.relationshipproblemsinadolescencecancausepoorhealthinadulthood.37.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howtheresearchwasdone B.WhatquestionswereexploredC.Howphysicalhealthwasmeasured D.Whatkindofparticipantswerestudied38.AccordingtoKim’sfindings,wecaninferthat________.A.Goodadulthealthdependsonteens’goodteachers.B.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtothestudentsrelationshipswithteachers.C.Theimportanceofstudent-teacherrelationshipswasfullyrealizedbefore.D.Participantsreportedbetterrelationshipswiththeirteachersandbetterhealthasadults.39.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.A.familysurvey B.AmedicalreportC.Atermpaper D.Ahealthmagazine【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍研究表明与老师关系良好，有益于青少年成年时的健康状况。【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.D36．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Previousresearchhassuggestedthatteens’socialrelationshipsmightbelinkedtohealthoutcomesinadulthood—perhapsbecausepoorrelationshipscanleadtochronicstresswhichcanraiseaperson’sriskofhealthproblemsoverthelifespan,accordingtoKim.However,itisnotclearwhetherthelinkbetweenteenrelationshipsandlifetimehealthiscertainlycauseandeffect—itcouldbethatotherfactors,suchasdifferentfamilybackgrounds,mightcontributetobothrelationshipproblemsinadolescenceandpoorhealthinadulthood.(此前的研究表明，青少年的社会关系可能与成年后的健康状况有关——据Kim说，这可能是因为不良的人际关系会导致慢性压力，从而增加一个人一生中出现健康问题的风险。然而，目前还不清楚青少年关系和终生健康之间的联系是否一定是因果关系——可能是其他因素，如不同的家庭背景，可能导致青少年时期的关系问题和成年后的健康状况不佳)”可知，青少年关系不是影响一生健康的唯一因素。故选C。37．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Toexplorethosequestionsfurther,Kimanalyzeddataonnearly20,000participantsfromtheAddHealthstudythatfollowedparticipantsfor13years,fromseventhgradeintoearlyadulthood.(为了进一步探索这些问题，Kim分析了来自于AddHealth研究的几乎2万个参与者们的13年跟踪的数据，从他们7年级直到成年早期)”可知，第四段主要描述这项研究是如何实施的。故选A。38．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresultssuggestthatteacherrelationshipsareevenmoreimportantthanpreviouslyrealizedandthatschoolsshouldinvestintrainingteachersonhowtobuildwarmandsupportiverelationshipswiththeirstudents,accordingtoKim.(结果表明，跟老师的关系要比以前意识到的更加重要，并且学校应该投入对老师在如何跟学生建立温和支持的关系上的培训)”可知，最后一段表明应该更加关注学生和老师的关系。故选B。39．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Teenswhohavegood,supportiverelationshipswiththeirteachersenjoybetterhealthasadults,accordingtoaresearch.(一项研究表明，与老师有着良好、支持性关系的青少年成年后更健康)”结合文章主要围绕青少年时期和老师的关系跟他们的成年健康有关系进行讨论。可推知，文章选自健康杂志。故选D。第三部分书面表达(共三节，42分)第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。associatewith,dropout,acoupleof,betoblame,berelatedto40.Sometypesofcancer___________________trafficpollution.41.I’veread___________________Graham’sbooksandseenhimonTV.42.Ihaveanever-endingflowofmessagesandupdatesfromallthepeopleI___________________online.43.ManyscientistssaywearenowenteringtheEarth’ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,humanactivitywill___________________.44.JasonHarleydecidedto___________________ofthiskindoflifestyle,andhedisco