湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一上学期学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一上学期学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.5.B.£19.18.C.£19.15.答案是C。1.WhatdidSarahintendtobuyyesterday?A.BabyfoodB.Fruit.C.Clothes.2.Whenwillthebustothecentregardenarrive?A.In20minutes.B.In15minutes.C.In5minutes.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inamuseum.C.Inthecitysquare.4.Whywasthemanlate?A.Hehadacaraccident.B.Hewaswaitingforsomeone.C.Themotorwaywasshutdown5.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutlosingthephone?A.Hefeelsveryupset.B.Hedoesn’treallymind.C.Heisabitannoyed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatcanclubmembersdo?A.MakesomefilmsB.Haveafreecitytour.C.Writesomenovels.7.Whatshouldthemanpayforbesidesthemembershipfee?ATheclubuniform.B.Thesocialparties.C.Aspecialcertificate.听第7段材料.回答第8至10题。8.Whenshouldthewomanfinishherbookreview?A.BynextMondayB.BynextFriday.C.BythisSunday.9.Whydidthewomanfallbehindwithherwritingclass?A.BecauseshereadlotsofnovelsB.Becauseshewasbusywithperformances.C.Becauseshewasillforaweek10.Howistheman’scollegelife?A.ColorfulB.Boring.C.Busy.听第8段材料.回答第11至13题。11.WhydoesSophierefusetouseherrealphotoonsocialmedia?A.Becausesheconcernsalotaboutprivacy(隐私).B.Becausesheisn’tconfidentaboutherappearance.C.Becauseshewantstobeknownforherwords.12.WhatwasSophie’scellphoneonlyusedtodoatfirst?A.PlaygamesB.Makeandreceivecalls.C.Drawpictures.13.WhatwillSophiedothisafternoon?A.GotoRobinson’slecture.B.Downloadsomenewapps.C.Changeherpicture.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhendidSarahstartcollege?A.Ayearago.B.Threemonthsago.C.Aweekago.15.WhydoesRickywanttomove?A.Hewantstomakefriendsofhisage.B.Hewantstoliveclosertothecollege.C.Hedoesn’tgetalongwiththehostfamily.16.WhatwillRickyprobablydonext?A.VisitateacherB.Hangoutwithfriends.C.GiveJohnaphonecall.17.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Goodfriends.B.Schoolmates.C.Roommates.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whathappenedtothenorthofthecity?A.Drought.B.Flood.C.Earthquake,19WhenwillchemicalsbeusedintheCreekCanyonneighborhood?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Atnight.20.Whoshouldgotothefloodreliefclinic?A.Theelderlyandthehabies.B.Thosewithemotionalproblems.C.Thosewhogetinjuredinfloodwater.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分.满分37.5分)阅读下列短文从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHereisalistoffourupcomingbookfestivals.Registrationiseitherjustopeningorhasn’tquiteopenedupyetandnotallofthefestivalshavefinalizedtheirattendeelists,butit’snevertooearlytoplanwhichonesyou’dliketoattend!THEIMAGINARIUMBOOKFESTIVALWashingtonD.C.TheImaginariumBookFestivalcelebratesallthingsfantasy.sciencefiction,paranormal(超自然的)andfantastical.Inadditiontoalecturewhereauthorswillansweryourquestions,you’llgettomeetandacquiresignedbooksfromyourfavoriteauthors.BOOKBONANZAGrapevine,TexasBookBonanza,startedbyColleenHooverandhersisters,isacelebrationofbooks.Itattractsahugelistofincredibleauthorattendees.WhatmakesBookBonanzastandoutisitscharitablefocus.Alltheincomesaredonatedtocharitablecauses.NORTHTEXASTEENBOOKFESTIVALIrving,TexasTheNorthTexasTeenBookFestivalbringsauthorsandreaderstogethertocelebrateteenliteratureandinspirelifelongreaders.Theyhavenotannouncedtheirauthorattendeesyet,sincethedeadlineforsubmissionoftheauthorshasnotyetarrived.SAVANNAHBOOKFESTIVALSavannah,GeorgiaTheSavannahBookFestivalhostsnational,regional,andlocalauthorsforauthorpresentationsandbooksigningsatsevenplacesacrossthreehistoricsquaresindowntownSavannah.Buttheauthorlineuphasnotbeenshownyet.1.WhatcanpeopledoattheImaginariumBookFestival?A.Buybookssignedbyhosts. B.Givealectureaboutwritingnovels.C.Watchsciencefictionmovies. D.Askauthorssomequestions.2.WhatisspecialaboutBookBonanza?A.It’scelebratedbymanydirectors B.Itinvitesfewfamousauthors.C.Itfocusesoncharitywork. D.Itwasfoundedbytwosisters.3.Whatdothelasttwobookfestivalshaveincommon?A.Theyhaven’tpublishedthelistofauthors. B.Theyhaven’tdecidedontheplaceyet.C.Theyprovidethebooksigningservice D.Theycelebratetheyouthliterature.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个即将到来的书展。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章THEIMAGINARIUMBOOKFESTIVALWashingtonD.C.部分的“Inadditiontoalecturewhereauthorswillansweryourquestions,you’llgettomeetandacquiresignedbooksfromyourfavoriteauthors.(除了讲座，作者会回答你的问题，你还可以见到并获得你最喜欢的作家的签名书。)”可知，在ImaginariumBookFestival这个书展上人们可以问问题。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BOOKBONANZAGrapevine,Texas部分的“WhatmakesBookBonanzastandoutisitscharitablefocus.Alltheincomesaredonatedtocharitablecauses.(BookBonanza的突出之处在于它的慈善重点。所有收入都捐赠给慈善事业。)”可知，BookBonanza的特别之处在于它专注于慈善工作。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NORTHTEXASTEENBOOKFESTIVALIrving,Texas部分的“Theyhavenotannouncedtheirauthorattendeesyet,sincethedeadlineforsubmissionoftheauthorshasnotyetarrived.(他们还没有宣布他们的作者参加者，因为作者提交的截止日期还没有到。)”和最后一段“Buttheauthorlineuphasnotbeenshownyet.(但作者名单尚未公布。)”可知，最后两个书展的共同之处在于它们没有公布作者名单。故选A。BMartinKocher,aninternationalbusinessstudentattheUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinexploringdifferentculturesandtraditionsinpreparationforaglobalcareer.Focusingonglobalmanagement,hewassupermotivated(激励)todevelophiscareeraboutsustainabledevelopment.KocherissettograduateinMaywithamajorininternationalbusiness,expressinghisgratitudetotheuniversityfortraininghisinternationalambitions.Afterhecompletedtheinternship(实习)inAustralia,hetraveledtoasmallislandofLomboknearBali,Indonesia.AteacheratthelocalschooltoldKocherthattheEnglishlanguagecanempowerstudentsandallowthemtobridgetheculturalgapwithpeopleinotherpartsoftheworld,buttheschoollackedtheresources.Asaresult.whenKocherreturnedtoU’W-EauClaire,hefoundedLanguage4LomboktoconnectEnglishlanguageresourcesfromChippewaValleyresidentswiththeIndonesianisland.BooksfromcommunitybookdrivesareshippedabroadtohelpchildrenlearnEnglish.Hisnon-profitworkisnothiswholelife.Heisalsoacompetitivediver,part-timerealestateagent,enthusiasticphotographerandwriter.Dr.KaishanKong,aprofessorofKochersaidheisarealjackofalltrades,andwasimpressedwithhisabilitytoconnectdifferentlanguageswhilemaintaininganincredibleenthusiasmforlearningthem.Havingbenefitedalotfromhisownexperiences,Kocherencouragesotherstotravelandventureinternationally,callingit“oneofthebestinvestmentsyoucanmakeinyourself.”4.WhydidKochertraveltomanyplaceswhenincollege?A.Toenrichhiseducationalexperience.B.Toknowmoreaboutglobalbusinesssituation.C.Toexploredifferenttouristattractions.D.Topreparehisfutureworkinaglobalenvironment.5.WhatmotivatedKochertocreateLanguage4Lombok?A.ThelackofEnglishresourcesinLombok. B.Theimportanceofcommunication.C.Theknowledgegainedinhisinternship. D.Hisexperienceoffoundingorganizations.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“arealjackofalltrades”inParagraph4referto?A.Apersonwhohasagiftforlanguages. B.Apersonowninggreatpassion.C.Apersonwhoisgoodatalotoffields. D.Apersonfocusingonthecharity.7.Whatdoesthetextconvey?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Everythingcomestothosewhoprepare.C.It’snevertoooldtolearn. D.Curiousmindsneverfeelsatisfied.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。MartinKocher毕业于威斯康星大学，他到很多地方去旅行，为自己的全球职业生涯做准备，并成为了一个对多领域有所擅长的人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“MartinKocher,aninternationalbusinessstudentattheUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinexploringdifferentculturesandtraditionsinpreparationforaglobalcareer.(MartinKocher是威斯康星大学EauClaire分校的国际商务学生，他一直对探索不同的文化和传统感兴趣，为全球职业生涯做准备。)”可知，Kocher在大学时去了很多地方的原因是为他未来的全球职业生涯做准备，故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AteacheratthelocalschooltoldKocherthattheEnglishlanguagecanempowerstudentsandallowthemtobridgetheculturalgapwithpeopleinotherpartsoftheworld,buttheschoollackedtheresources.(当地学校的一位老师告诉Kocher，英语可以增强学生的能力，使他们能够弥合与世界其他地区的文化差距，但学校缺乏资源。)”以及第三段“Asaresult.whenKocherreturnedtoU’W-EauClaire,hefoundedLanguage4LomboktoconnectEnglishlanguageresourcesfromChippewaValleyresidentswiththeIndonesianisland.(因此当Kocher回到U'W-EauClaire时，他创立了Language4Lombok，将齐帕瓦谷技术学院的英语资源与印尼岛联系起来。)”可知，是龙目岛英语资源匮乏激发了Kocher创立Language4Lombok，故选A项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Heisalsoacompetitivediver,part-timerealestateagent,enthusiasticphotographerandwriter.(他还是一名有竞争力的潜水员、兼职房地产经纪人、热情的摄影师和作家。)”可知，它是一个对多领域有所擅长的人，可推理出划线词指代的含义是“擅长很多领域的人”，故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“MartinKocher,aninternationalbusinessstudentattheUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinexploringdifferentculturesandtraditionsinpreparationforaglobalcareer.(MartinKocher是威斯康星大学EauClaire分校的国际商务学生，他一直对探索不同的文化和传统感兴趣，为全球职业生涯做准备。)”、第二段“Afterhecompletedtheinternship(实习)inAustralia,hetraveledtoasmallislandofLomboknearBali,Indonesia.(在澳大利亚完成实习后，他去了印度尼西亚巴厘岛附近的一个叫龙目岛的小岛。)”、以及第四段“Heisalsoacompetitivediver,part-timerealestateagent,enthusiasticphotographerandwriter.(他还是一名有竞争力的潜水员、兼职房地产经纪人、热情的摄影师和作家。)”可知，本文讲述了MartinKocher到很多地方去旅行，为自己的全球职业生涯做准备，并成为了一个对多领域有所擅长的人，可推理出本文要表达的是“成功留给有所准备的人”，故选B项。CTakinggoodcareofyourteethmaybelinkedtobetterbrainhealth,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJuly5,2023,onlineissueofNeurology.“Ourstudyfoundthatgum(牙龈)diseaseandtoothlosswerelinkedtobrainshrinkage(萎缩)inthehippocampus(海马体),whichplaysaroleinmemoryandAlzheimer’sdisease,”saidstudyauthorSatoshiYamaguchi,Ph.D.ofTohokuUniversityinSendai,Japan.Thestudyinvolved172peoplewithoutmemoryproblems.Theiraverageagewas67.Participantshaddentalexamsandtookmemorytestsatthebeginningofthestudy.Theyalsohadbrainscanstomeasurethevolumeoftheirhippocampusatthebeginningofthestudy.Thiswasmeasuredagainfouryearslater.Foreachparticipant,researcherscountedthenumberofteethandcheckedfortheamountofgumdisease.Researchersfoundthatthenumberofteethandamountofgumdiseasewaslinkedtochangesinthelefthippocampusofthebrain.Forpeoplewithmildgumdisease,havingfewerteethwasassociatedwithafasterrateofbrainshrinkage,whichisthesameforpeoplewithseveregumdiseasehavingmoreteeth.Afteradjustingforage,researchersfoundthatforpeoplewithmildgumdisease,theincreaseintherateofbrainshrinkageduetoonelesstoothwasequaltonearlyoneyearofbrainaging.Bycontrast,forpeoplewithseveregumdiseasetheincreaseinbrainshrinkageduetoonemoretoothwasequalto1.3yearsofbrainaging.“Theseresultshighlighttheimportanceofpreservingthehealthoftheteethandnotjustmaintainingtheteeth,”Yamaguchisaid.“Thefindingssuggestthatcontrollingtheprogressionofgumdiseasethroughregulardentalvisitsisimportant,andthatteethwithseveregumdiseasemayneedtoberemovedandreplacedwithappropnatefalseones.”Yamaguchisaidfuturestudiesareneededwithlargergroupsofpeople.ThelimitationofthestudyisthatitwasconductedinoneregionofJapan,sotheresultsmaynotbeappliedtootherlocations.8.WhatisYamaguchi’sstudymainlyabout?A.Thefunctionofthehippocampus.B.Waysoftakinggoodcareofone’steethC.TheharmandcausesofbrainshrinkageD.Theconnectionbetweendentalhealthandthebrain9.Howdidresearchersconductthestudy?A.Bycollectingandcomparingdata. B.ByreferringtopreviousstudiesC.Byconductingachemicalexperiment D.Bydoingresearchintodentists10.Whatdotheresearchfindingsindicate?A.GumdiseaseisincreasingamongpeopleB.Keepingteethhealthyisofgreatimportance.C.RemovingnaturalteethisbadfordentalhealthD.Doingaroutinedentalcheckupcanavoidgumdisease.11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Atextbook.C.Anewspaper. D.Aguidebook.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道。根据发表在2023年7月5日《神经病学》在线期刊上的一项研究，好好照顾你的牙齿可能与更好的大脑健康有关。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ourstudyfoundthatgum(牙龈)diseaseandtoothlosswerelinkedtobrainshrinkage(萎缩)inthehippocampus(海马体),whichplaysaroleinmemoryandAlzheimer’sdisease(我们的研究发现，牙龈疾病和牙齿脱落与海马体的大脑萎缩有关，海马体在记忆和阿尔茨海默病中起着重要作用)”可知，Yamaguchi的研究主要是关于牙齿健康与大脑之间的联系，故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thestudyinvolved172peoplewithoutmemoryproblems.Theiraverageagewas67.Participantshaddentalexamsandtookmemorytestsatthebeginningofthestudy.Theyalsohadbrainscanstomeasurethevolumeoftheirhippocampusatthebeginningofthestudy.Thiswasmeasuredagainfouryearslater.Foreachparticipant,researcherscountedthenumberofteethandcheckedfortheamountofgumdisease.(这项研究涉及172名没有记忆问题的人。他们的平均年龄是67岁。参与者在研究开始时进行了牙科检查和记忆力测试。在研究开始时，他们还进行了脑部扫描，以测量海马体的体积。四年后再次测量。研究人员统计了每个参与者的牙齿数量，并检查了牙龈疾病的数量)”可知，研究人员通过收集并对比数据的方式开展研究，故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theseresultshighlighttheimportanceofpreservingthehealthoftheteethandnotjustmaintainingtheteeth(这些结果突出了保护牙齿健康的重要性，而不仅仅是维护牙齿)”可知，研究结果表明保持牙齿健康非常重要，故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Takinggoodcareofyourteethmaybelinkedtobetterbrainhealth,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJuly5,2023,onlineissueofNeurology(根据发表在2023年7月5日《神经病学》在线期刊上的一项研究，好好照顾你的牙齿可能与更好的大脑健康有关。)”、第三段“Researchersfoundthatthenumberofteethandamountofgumdiseasewaslinkedtochangesinthelefthippocampusofthebrain.(研究人员发现，牙齿的数量和牙龈疾病的程度与大脑左侧海马体的变化有关)”以及第四段“Theseresultshighlighttheimportanceofpreservingthehealthoftheteethandnotjustmaintainingtheteeth(这些结果突出了保护牙齿健康的重要性，而不仅仅是维护牙齿)”可知，本文对一项研究成果进行了报道，符合新闻报道的体裁特征，所以本文最后可能取自报纸，故选C项。DScientistshavealreadyappliedrobotslikeRoombatoworkintheagriculture(农业).ARoombaworksbecauseithaswheelsthatfunctionwellonflatground.However,fieldsarefullofroughandrockyenvironments,whichmeansitisdifficultforrobotstoworkinthefields.Luckily,scientiststhoughtofcentipedes(蜈蚣).Withtenstohundredsoflegs,theycanmoveonanyplaceswithoutstopping.Iftheystopmovingtheirbodypartsandfeet,theybasicallystopmovinginstantly.AteamledbyChongdevelopedatheorythatproposesthataddinglegpairstotherobotincreasesitsabilitytomovefirmlyoverchallengingenvironments.Totestthis,JuntaoconductedaseriesofexperimentswhereheandDanielSotobuiltmodelstosimulate(模拟)differentnaturalenvironments.Hethentestedtherobotbyincreasingitsnumberoflegsbytwoeachtime,startingwithsixandfinallyincreasingto16.Asthelegcountincreased,therobotcouldmoreeasilymoveacrossthesurfaces,evenwithoutsensors.Finally,theytestedtherobotoutdoorsonrealenvironments,whereitwasabletomoveinavarietyofenvironments.Theresearchersareapplyingtheirdiscoveriestofarming.Goldmanhasco-foundedacompanythatwantstousetheserobotstoweed(除草)farmlandwhereweedkillersareineffective.“It’strulyimpressivetoseethemultileggedroboteasilymovesonbothlab-basedandoutdoorenvironments,”Juntaosaid.“Nowwearedecidingthemostsuitablenumberoflegstoachievemotion.Inthefuture,wehopetoapplythemforspaceexploration,andevensearchandrescue.”12.WhatcanwelearnaboutRoomba?A.Itcanmoveonanyplaceswithoutstopping.B.Itcannotworkwellintheroughfarmlands.C.Itwasnewlyinventedandstillinitsearlyage.D.Itwasinspiredwhenscientistssawcentipedes13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemultileggedrobot?A.Unpractical. B.Amusing. C.Ineffective. D.Promising.14.Whatcanweexpectofthemultileggedrobotinthefuture?A.Itwillreachconsumerssoon. B.Itwillincreasefarmproduction.C.Itwillbeusedinmanyotherfields. D.Itwilltaketheplaceofweedkillers.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CentipedesInspireMultileggedRobots’InventionB.ScientistsGetaHugeStepinStudyingCentipedesC.ScientistsSolvedChallengesinRobots’CreationD.MultileggedRobotsBroughtBenefitstoFarming【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员受启发于蜈蚣而发明出了一种多足机器人，这种机器人可以在各种环境及地形中移动，未来有望广泛应用于多个领域。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ARoombaworksbecauseithaswheelsthatfunctionwellonflatground.However,fieldsarefullofroughandrockyenvironments,whichmeansitisdifficultforrobotstoworkinthefields.(Roomba之所以有效，是因为它的轮子在平地上运行良好。然而，田地里到处都是粗糙和岩石的环境，这意味着机器人很难在田地里工作)”可知，它在粗糙的农田里不能很好地运行。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Asthelegcountincreased,therobotcouldmoreeasilymoveacrossthesurfaces,evenwithoutsensors.Finally,theytestedtherobotoutdoorsonrealenvironments,whereitwasabletomoveinavarietyofenvironments.(随着腿部数量的增加，即使没有传感器，机器人也能更容易地在地面上移动。最后，他们在室外的真实环境中测试了机器人，在那里它能够在各种环境中移动)”可推知，多足机器人是有前景的。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Inthefuture,wehopetoapplythemforspaceexploration,andevensearchandrescue.(在未来，我们希望将它们应用于太空探索，甚至是搜救)”可推知，它会被应用于许多其他领域。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文首先第一段介绍了研究多组机器人的原因及其灵感来源，第二、三段介绍了研究多足机器人的具体过程以及研究成果，第四段介绍了多足机器人目前在农业方面的应用，以及对其未来发展的期望。由此可知，A项“蜈蚣启发了多足机器人的发明”可以概括本文主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Savingtheenvironmentmightseemlikeadifficultthing.Butlivinganenvironmentallyfriendlylifeisquiteeasy.Withjustafewsmalllifestylechanges,youcanprotecttheplanetandalsoliveahealthierlifeforyourself!___16___Cutbackondriving.Findotherformsoftransportationthatconsumelessornopetrol.___17___Theywon’tcauseanypollutionorconsumenaturalresources.Ifthatisn’tachoice,considersharingwithothersorusingpublictransportation.Replacingcartripswithpublictransportreducestrafficjamsandtheoverallamountofpetrol,cuttingbackyourcarbonfootprint.Volunteertocleanupyourcommunity.Volunteerworkhasadirectlypositiveimpactontheenvironmentinyourarea.Youcanvolunteertopickuplitter,plantcommunitygardensorcleanuprivers.Findanactivitythatsuitsyourinterestsandsetasidetimetohelpregularly.___18___Ifyouprefertobepartofagroup,volunteerwithfriends,yourclassoranyoneelse.Upcycleitems.___19___Insteadofthrowingthingsaway,givethemanotherpurposebymakingjewelry,householdaccessoriesorrestyledclothing.Upcyclingisfunandgoodfortheearth.Forexample,youcouldturnanoldT-shirtintoagrocerybagorusecinderblocks(煤渣砖)tomakeoutdoorplanters.Experimentandlookfornewwaystoadaptusedobjects___20___Somechemicalshaveharmfullong-termeffectsontheenvironment.Choosechemical-freeproducts,plusall-naturalhouseholdcleaners,beautyandhygieneproducts.Thefewerchemicalsyouuse,thehealthiertheenvironmentwillbe.Plus,naturalandchemical-freeproductsarealsogoodforyou!A.Keeprecycleditemsproperly.B.Usefewerchemicalsinyourdailylife.C.Walkorrideabikewheneverpossible.D.Herearesometipsthatmaybeofgreathelp.E.Considerinvestinginanelectricorhybrid(混合动力)vehicle.F.Youcanjoinanenvironmentalorganizationthatattractsyou,too.G.Creativelyrepurposeunwanteditemstoputlesstrashintotheworld.【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.G20.B【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。拯救环境似乎是一件困难的事情。只要稍微改变一下生活方式，你就可以在保护地球的同时，过上更健康的生活！本文对具体的做法提出了几个建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Withjustafewsmalllifestylechanges,youcanprotecttheplanetandalsoliveahealthierlifeforyourself!(只要稍微改变一下生活方式，你就可以在保护地球的同时，过上更健康的生活！)”以及下文“Cutbackondriving(减少驾驶)”可知，此处讲的是改变生活方式，在保护地球的同时过上健康的生活，下文直接给出了建议，可知空白处为过渡句，应选择表示“以下是一些有帮助的建议”含义的表达，与D项“Herearesometipsthatmaybeofgreathelp.(以下是一些可能有很大帮助的建议)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。【17题详解】根据下文“Theywon’tcauseanypollutionorconsumenaturalresources.(它们不会造成任何污染或消耗自然资源)”可知上文说的是要选择不会造成任何污染或消耗自然资源的交通方式，与C项“Walkorrideabikewheneverpossible(尽可能步行或骑自行车)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。【18题详解】根据下文“Ifyouprefertobepartofagroup,volunteerwithfriends,yourclassoranyoneelse.(如果你想成为一个团体的一员，可以和朋友、你的班级或其他任何人一起做志愿者。)”可推理出上文给的建议是加入一个环保团队或组织，与F项“Youcanjoinanenvironmentalorganizationthatattractsyou,too.(你也可以加入一个吸引你的环保组织)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。【19题详解】根据下文“Insteadofthrowingthingsaway,givethemanotherpurposebymakingjewelry,householdaccessoriesorrestyledclothing.(与其把东西扔掉，不如通过制作珠宝、家居饰品或重新设计服装来给它们另一个用途。)”可知，此处上下文说的是要创造性地调整不需要的物品的用途，减少垃圾，与G项“Creativelyrepurposeunwanteditemstoputlesstrashintotheworld.(创造性地重新调整不需要的物品的用途，以减少世界上的垃圾)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。【20题详解】根据下文“Somechemicalshaveharmfullong-termeffectsontheenvironment.Choosechemical-freeproducts,plusall-naturalhouseholdcleaners,beautyandhygieneproducts.(有些化学物质对环境有长期的有害影响。选择不含化学物质的产品，以及所有天然的家用清洁剂、美容和卫生产品。)”可知此处上下文说的是要减少使用化学物质，与B项“Usefewerchemicalsinyourdailylife(在日常生活中减少使用化学物质)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mikelickedthelastofthechocolateicecream.Hejumpedintothecarwithhisparentsand___21___offtotheOlympic-sizedpoolforthebigswimmeet.Whenhisracecameup,Mikewasconfident.Hewasstrongandswift.Hewonfirstplace,makinghimthe___22___boyinhisagegroup.Aweeklater,itwastimeforanotherswimmeet.Mikerememberedthatthelasttimehehadwonaracehealsoate___23___icecreamfirst.Mikedecidedtoenjoyhisfavoriteicecreamflavor.Maybehe’dwinagain.___24___,hewasright.SoMikedecidedtohaveicecream___25___everyoneofthenextfewswimmeets.Hebegantothinkofitashisluckycharm.Afterseveral___26___ofwinningthetoppositionsofeveryraceheswam,Mikewasfeeling___27___.Hewouldn’tadmitit,butallthaticecreamwas___28___afewpoundstohisathleticswimmer’sbuild.Itdidn’ttakelongafterthatforMiketostartcominginsecondplace,andthenthird,andthenlastplaceinhisraces.Theluckyicecreamhadlostits___29___.Hisfatherofferedtogo____30____withhimafewdaysaweektohelphimfeelbetterandstrengthenhismuscles.Theextra____31____soondisappeared,andMikefoundhimselfbreathingeasieratswimpractices.Inthenextswimmeet,Mike____32____again.Hisparentscameupandgavehimahighfive,grinning(咧嘴笑)fromeartoear.“Hey,whynottryyourfavoriteicecreamandcelebrate!”saidhisfather,____33____himontheshoulder.“Thanks,Dad,butIhave____34____theicecream.It’snotsuchaluckycharmatall.”Hiseyesshonewithwisdom.ItwasthatdaythatMikerealizedthatone’sluckycharmwasnothingbuthis____35____.21.A.took B.headed C.walked D.fell22.A.smartest B.tallest C.fastest D.fattest23.A.chocolate B.strawberry C.milk D.pineapple24.A.Seemingly B.Eventually C.Accidentally D.Gradually25.A.after B.during C.in D.before26.A.minutes B.months C.hours D.seconds27.A.unbearable B.unimaginable C.unbeatable D.unhappy28.A.adding B.losing C.lending D.carrying29.A.flavour B.sweetness C.value D.magic30.A.shopping B.running C.fishing D.boating31.A.weight B.muscles C.fear D.beauty32.A.swam B.ran C.lost D.won33.A.hitting B.licking C.patting D.seizing34.A.gottiredof B.givenup C.falleninlovewith D.calledoff35.A.icecream B.wisdom C.parents D.diligence【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了迈克认为自己游泳比赛获胜的原因是每次赛前吃冰淇淋，所以坚持每次赛前都吃，但是游泳成绩逐渐退步。当父亲陪着他锻炼身体后，迈克再次获胜。他意识到一个人的幸运符不过是他的勤奋。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和父母一起跳上车，前往奥运会规模的游泳池参加大型游泳比赛。A.took带；B.headed前往；C.walked走；D.fell落下。根据下文“theOlympic-sizedpoolforthebigswimmeet(奥运会规模的游泳池参加大型游泳比赛)”可知下文说的是作者和父母去的地方，空白处应填表示“前往”含义的动词，故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他获得了第一名，成为同年龄组游得最快的男孩。A.smartest最聪明的；B.tallest最高的；C.fastest最快的；D.fattest最胖的。根据上文“Hewonfirstplace(他获得了第一名)”可知他的速度是同年龄组最快的，故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迈克记得上一次赢得比赛时，他也先吃了巧克力冰淇淋。A.chocolate巧克力；B.strawberry草莓；C.milk牛奶；D.pineapple菠萝。根据上文“Mikelickedthelastofthechocolateicecream(迈克舔了最后一块巧克力冰淇淋)”可知上一次迈克吃的是巧克力冰淇淋，故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：看来他是对的。A.Seemingly表面上看；B.Eventually最终；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Gradually逐渐地。根据上文“Mikedecidedtoenjoyhisfavoriteicecreamflavor.Maybehe’dwinagain.(迈克决定享用他最喜欢的冰淇淋口味。也许他会再次获胜。)”以及下文“Hebegantothinkofitashisluckycharm(他开始认为这是他的幸运符)”可知，迈克赛前吃了巧克力冰淇淋并获胜，误以为是冰淇淋的功劳，而实际上不是，空白处应填表示“从表面上看；貌似”含义的副词，故选A项。【25题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：因此，迈克决定在接下来的几场游泳比赛之前吃冰淇淋。A.after之后；B.during在……期间；C.in在……里；D.before在……之前。根据上文“Mikerememberedthatthelasttimehehadwonaracehealsoatechocolateicecreamfirst.Mikedecidedtoenjoyhisfavoriteicecreamflavor.Maybehe’dwinagain.(迈克记得上一次赢得比赛时，他也先吃了巧克力冰淇淋。迈克决定享用他最喜欢的冰淇淋口味。也许他会再次获胜。)”可知，迈克之前是在赛前吃巧克力冰淇淋，并认为这是他的幸运符，可推理出迈克决定在每次赛前吃巧克力冰淇淋，故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过了几个月在每一场比赛中都赢得了冠军以后，他感到自己不可战胜。A.minutes分钟；B.months月；C.hours小时；D.seconds秒。根据上文“Aweeklater,itwastimeforanotherswimmeet.(一周后，又到了游泳比赛的时间了。)”可知两次比赛之间间隔一周，可推理出几场比赛要经过几个月的时间，故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.unbearable不堪忍受的；B.unimaginable难以想象的；C.unbeatable打不垮的；D.unhappy不高兴的。根据上文“winningthetoppositionsofeveryraceheswam(在每一场比赛中都赢得了冠军)”可推理出迈克感觉到自己不可战胜，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不承认，但他吃的那些冰淇淋让他游泳运动员的身材增加了几磅体重。A.adding增加；B.losing丢失；C.lending借；D.carrying搬运。根据下文“afewpoundstohisathleticswimmer’sbuild(让他游泳运动员的身材……了几磅)”以及“Itdidn’ttakelongafterthatforMiketostartcominginsecondplace,andthenthird,andthenlastplaceinhisraces.(没过多久，迈克就开始在比赛中获得第二名、第三名和最后一名。)”可知，吃冰淇淋对迈克的游泳成绩产生了不利影响，可推理出吃冰淇淋增加了迈克的体重，故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的冰淇淋失去了魔力。A.flavour风味；B.sweetness甜蜜；C.value价值；D.magic魔力。根据上文“Hebegantothinkofitashisluckycharm(他开始认为这是他的幸运符)”以及“Itdidn’ttakelongafterthatforMiketostartcominginsecondplace,andthenthird,andthenlastplaceinhisraces.(没过多久，迈克就开始在比赛中获得第二名、第三名和最后一名。)”可知，迈克的幸运符失去了魔力，故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲提出每周和他一起跑步几天，帮助他感觉更好，增强肌肉。A.shopping购物；B.running跑步；C.fishing钓鱼；D.boating划船。根据下文“helphimfeelbetterandstrengthenhismuscles(帮助他感觉更好，增强肌肉)”可知，迈克的爸爸陪他锻炼身体，分析选项，B项“running跑步”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。【31题详解】考查