语法综合讲练-倒装句和强调句

语法综合讲练

倒装句(Inversion)

学法指导倒装句有两个主要的作用。一是为了保持句的平衡，二是为了语言的表达更加生动。ThedayswhenChinawasweakandbackwardaregong.主语太长，谓语太短。=GonearethedayswhenChinawasweakandbackward.中国贫穷而落后的年代一去不复返了。学习倒装句的难点有两点记住倒装句的语序记住引起倒装句的词简单的说,倒装句就是把句子主语和谓语的位置颠倒，即把谓语放在主语的前面.

e.g.Areyouaboy?

Whydidn’tyoucome?

NeverbeforehaveIseensuchawonderfulfilm.

倒装句有两种句式：

全部倒装和部分倒装

一、全部倒装的四种情形

(把谓语动词完全放在主语之前)

标志词+谓语（vi）+主语

1.句首标志词为here/there,out/in,up/down,away,now/then等方位副词并2.且谓语动词是表示运动的come、go、rush、live、exist、flow,rise,等不及物动词时，用全部倒装。e.g.1)Thekitewentupintothesky.Up

wentthekiteintothesky.Upintotheskywentthekite.2)Thebookyouwantishere.Here

isthebookyouwant.e.g.Hereitcomes.3)Thedoorsuddenlyopenedandadogcamein.Thedoorsuddenlyopenedandin

cameadog.4)Herlongbrownhaircamedown.Down

cameherlongbrownhair.Away

flewthebird.5)Thebirdflewaway.注:主语是人称代词,不用主谓倒装.

2.表地点的介词短语，在句中做表语或状语时

e.g.在一座孤零零的房子前坐着一个小男孩。

森林边有一个小木屋。（lie）

Infrontofthelonelyhouse

sata

littleboy.

Attheedgeofthewoods

liesthe

logcabin.e.g.Insidethepyramids

aretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueens.andlongpassagestotheserooms.

保持了句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或为了使上下文紧密衔接时。

3.表语置于句首时

e.g.Gone

arethedayswhenthey

coulddowhattheyliked.

在货物中有圣诞树、鲜花、蜡烛和玩具。Amongthegoods

areChristmas

trees,flowers,candlesandtoys.

So/thus

(Inthisway)+vi+主“Longlongago…,”Sobeginmanyfairytales.=Manyfairytalesbegininthisway–Longlongago…,OrThat’showfairytalesbegin.4.therebe

句型

e.g.Thereisnoplaceleftforthe

piano.在2004年，中国大约发生了五十多万起交通事故。Therewereabout500,000trafficaccidentshappeninginChinain2004.表语在句首Such+link-v+SSuchisAlbertEinstein,asimplemanwithgreatachievements.阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦就是这样一位单纯而又具有伟大成就的人。Thousandsofhomelesspeopleandendlessdeath._______werethemisfortunesofwar.A.SoB.SuchC.ThisD.ThatB二、部分倒装的九种情形

(指把谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词等移到主语之前)

标志词+助动词/情态动词+主语+其它1.用于so,nor,neither

开头的句子，表示第二人或事也重复前一句的内容。

e.g.HehasbeentoBeijing.So

haveI.=IhavebeentoBeijing,too.Hecan’tanswerthequestion.

Neither

canI.=Ican’t,either.他不能回答这个问题，我也不能。比较1)Theywentoutbeforedaybrokeandcamehomebeforenoon.So

livedthecoupleformanymonthsbeforetheyweredivorced.2)--Heisveryhardworking.--Soheis.他确实如此。（同意别人的观点）3)Helikesmusic,sodoI.Itisthesamewith…

Soitiswith…KarlMarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.SoitwaswithEngles.=itwasthesamewithEngles.HisbrotherisasoldierandheservesinHainan.Itisthesamewithmybrother.=Soitiswithmybrother.2.以only修饰的副词，介词短语,状语从句等放在句首时为部分倒装。

Only+状语+助动词+主语+其它Onlyinthisway

canyoulearnEnglishwell.e.g.直到那时，他才意识到自己老了。Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyour

homework

canyougooutandplay.Onlythen

didherealizethathewasold.只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。只有完成作业后，你才可以出去玩。注：如果only修饰主语,则不用倒装

Onlyhecansolvetheproblem.3.little,hardly,never,seldom,not等含有否定意义的词放在句首时

1）Hardly

didIexpectthathecould

comebacksosoon.

2）Little

didherealizethathehadmadeanimportantinvention.

3）Notasingleword

mustyoutellhim.

4)Neverhashebeenabroad.

5)Seldom

doesWanggoswimming.4.表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表示强调。e.g.我们经常警告他们不要那样做。Often

dowewarnthemnotto

doso.

Weoftenwarnthemnottodoso.5.在以下句型中

a)hardly/scarcely…when…,

nosooner…,than…Nosooner

hadhebeguntospeak

thanallthepeoplelaughed.Hardly

hadhesteppedintothe

classroomwhenthebellrang.

他刚一开口说话，所有的人都大笑起来。他刚一踏进教室，铃声就响了起来。b)在notonly…butalso的句型中(butalso之后的句子不用倒装).

e.g.他不仅能唱流行歌曲，而且还能写一些。

Notonly

didhelikesingingpopsongs,butalsohecouldwritesome.c)在not…until…句型中

e.g.直到今天早晨我才想起了一个好主意。Notuntilthismorning

didIget

agoodidea.

Ididn'tgetagoodideauntilthismorning.d)Neither…nor（前后都倒）e.g.我既不知道这次晚会，也没来。

Neither

didIknowabouttheparty,nor

didIcome.

e)含否定意义的介词短语在句首时

innoway,atnotime,innocase,bynomeansAtnotimehaveItoldyouthatyoucanusemycar.我从没告诉过你，说你可以用我的车子。6.用以as引导的让步状语从句中

表语+as+主语+其它=Though/Althoughhewastired,he….e.g.Tired

ashewas,heworkedlate

intothenight.Childasheis,heknowsmuch.=Though/Althoughheisachild,he….7.用于省略if的虚拟条件句（只有had、should、were(was)可倒装）

Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,

Iwouldnotgoforapicnic.=Wereitto/Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldnotgoforapicnic.=HadIattendedthemeeting,Iwouldhavebeenhere.

IfIhadattendedthemeeting,I

wouldhavebeenhere.e.g.Mayyousucceed!e.g.他说的那样的快，我们几乎听不清。8.在so…that、such…that的结构中Sorapidlydidhespeakthatwecouldhardlyhearhim.9.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。_____homeworkdidwehavethatwehadnotimetotakearest.(06年福建卷)A. B.Toomuch

C.Toolittle D.SolittleAtthefootofthemountain_____.(06年四川卷)A.avillagelie B.C.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillageSomuchliesavillageI’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_____withmyprogress.(06年重庆卷) A.theteacherisnotsatisfied B.istheteachernotsatisfied C.theteacherissatisfied D.istheteachersatisfied写出下列句子的倒装句语法综合讲练

强调句式清华附中程惠云强调句的基本结构Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+其它被强调的部分可以是句子中的主语、宾语或状语，但不能够是谓语或定语。Imethiminthestreetyesterday.ItwasIwho/that

methiminthestreetyesterday.(强调主语)注意：除去句子的功能词itwas…that句子仍然完整。Itwashimwhom/thatImetinthestreetyesterday.（强调宾语）Itwasinthestreetthat(不能用where)Imethimyesterday.（强调状语）有时可以用Itmightbe…that;

Itmustbethat…

句型表示强调Itmightbehisfatherthatheisthinkingof.他关心的可能是他的父亲。Itmusthavebeenhisbrotherthatyousaw.你见到的想必是他的兄弟。notuntil的it强调句Shedidnotrealizethatshehadleftthekeyintheofficeuntilshegothome.Itwasnotuntilshegothomethatsherealizedshehadleftherkeyintheoffice.It强调句的疑问句Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?Whatisitthatyouarelookingfor?Howwasitthatyousucceeded?Whyisitthatsmokingisallowedhere?强调句型与Itis/was+时间+whenItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.=Igotbackhomeatmidnightyesterday.ItwasmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.=WhenIgothome,itwasmidnight.强调句型与Itis/was+时间+sinceItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearnEnglish.=IbegantolearnEnglishtwoyearsago.ItistwohoursthathespendsonEngl