2024届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题二阅读七选五第一讲据设空位置定思考方向

专题二阅读七选五[研高考·辨考向]阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题，解答此类题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性，再定位。先定性，即先初读文章，根据空处的位置及文意初步判定空处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡句或细节句；再定位，即再精读文章，根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定填哪一个选项。年份卷名体裁主题设空位置主题语境主题语境内容段首段中段尾2023新高考Ⅰ卷说明文人与自我自我原谅的方法041全国乙卷说明文人与自我健康的生活方式032全国甲卷说明文人与自我成为一个更有耐心的人的技巧1312022新高考Ⅰ卷说明文人与社会如何寻找一个好的健身伙伴041全国乙卷说明文人与社会维持友谊的窍门311全国甲卷说明文人与社会就餐礼节1312021新高考Ⅰ卷记叙文人与社会体验巴黎人的生活140全国乙卷说明文人与社会在家宴中如何使自己变得有趣221全国甲卷说明文人与社会交换衣物派对140命题专家谈高考通过对近三年全国卷和近三年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读七选五试题的分析，我们可知阅读七选五有以下特点：1.文章体裁：体裁以说明文为主（近三年全国卷中均采用了说明文）。2.短文长度：阅读材料一般是一篇长度为300词左右的短文，其中正文240词左右，备选项60词左右。3.考点设置：阅读七选五所设空的位置多数集中在段中，主要考查上下文过渡句、细节句等；小标题的考查近年来少有涉及，但也不应忽略；段首、段尾句主要考查主题句、过渡句或结论性语句[抓规律·找依据]eq\a\vs4\al(阅读七选五题型攻略)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(通读全文，把握主题——重点关注→\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(文章标题、主题句、首尾段,段落标题、首尾句)),\a\vs4\al(边读边做，,分类突破)\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(设题类型\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(主题句\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(段落标题,段落主题句)),过渡句\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(段落内部过渡句,段落之间过渡句)),推断句\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(段中→阅读前、后文，抓住线索信号词，确定并列、递进、转折、因果等关系,段尾→阅读前文，锁定高频词或线索信号词，注意与下一段开头的衔接关系)))),\a\vs4\al(核心方法——,巧抓线索信号词)\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(衔接词\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(表并列and；or；foronething...foranother,表递进what'smore；moreover,表转折but；instead；otherwise；however,表因果therefore；thus；asaresult；inconsequence)),代词→通过代词在句中所充当的成分和由它的单复数形式推断它指代的成分来确定答案意义相关词→原词复现、同义词、近义词、反义词、同根词,疑问词→why；where；how)))),代入答案，复读验证→将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无明显的逻辑冲突))第一讲据设空位置定思考方向句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种设空方式，正是利用设空位置的暗示作用和设空处上下文的提示作用来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。本讲主要是从空格位置及所承担的语意关系层面来讲解做题技巧，使学生做题时灵活运用解题技巧，游刃有余地解答阅读七选五题型。1.设空在段首若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同，选项短小精悍，多为名词词组、动词­ing形式短语或祈使句。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句，选项要有概括性，要么承接上段，要么是对下文的概括段落主旨句某段开头处设空的常见考查内容之一是该段的主题句。学生需要认真研读该段内容，尤其是设空处后面的一两句，确定线索句，然后从备选项中查找这些线索词的同义词、近义词或关联词，一般正确选项与空后第一句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的，在意义上是紧密衔接的[典例]（2022·全国甲卷）MakingRequests39.InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly，inItaly，neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It'sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal[解析]根据空后内容“InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskills.”和本段小标题MakingRequests可知，空处应是提及一个用餐时的请求，再结合because后的原因“因为这是在向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个简单的请求”符合此处的语境。[答案]G承上启下的过渡句当非首段的第一句设空时，设空处也有可能是承上启下的过渡句。此类题目要求既熟悉上文的内容，又要结合本段内容，综合考虑选择能使上下段自然衔接的选项[典例]（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago，theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.38.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappyＷ.Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead，theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.39OnourfirstmorninginParis，Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18！InFrance，qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency（效率）.Youcantellthisbycafélife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.40.NotallthecustomersaretouristsＷ.Whendothesepeoplework？TheFrenchtaketheir35­hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive，insomeway，likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.[解析]根据空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。分析空处上下文内容可知，该段主要讲述了法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且该项中的that指代上文论述过的原因。[答案]E2.设空在段中当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的衔接关系。常见的逻辑关系包括7类：总分关系、解释关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系和例证关系。文章中可能出现标志性衔接词汇，例如first、second、then、next、later、soon、so、but、however、additionally、what'smore、thatis、namely、inotherwords、foronething...foranother等总分关系[典例]（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）Theplacewasn'tentirelyauthentic，though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment，theplumbing（水管）worked.37Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid，“Ouverturedesportes，”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered，andit'sashameIdon'thavemuchuseforit.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive，insomeway，likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.[解析]本段首句总领全段，“Theplacewasn'tentirelyauthentic，though”点明作者租住的房子并不真正地道，下文列举了公寓的特殊之处。根据空处上文讲到的“和通常的巴黎公寓不同，这里的水管可以使用”和空后一句讲到的“我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯”可知，空处应与公寓或公寓楼有关。[答案]C解释关系[典例]（2021·全国甲卷）·Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.39Ｗ.Placeafewmirrorsaroundyourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition[解析]根据空前“Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.”可知，在房间的不同区域放不同类型的衣服，空处应是对上文如何在不同区域放不同类型衣服的解释，故F项（让每个人都把衣服放在合适的位置）符合上下文语境，构成对上文的解释和说明。[答案]F转折关系[典例]（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep，butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr（犯错）ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.A.Alittleself­forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis，nomatterhowsmallitmightseem，writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake，rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.[解析]考查段中句的选择和文章的逻辑关系。上一句指出，犯错是人之常情；后一句提到，你可以使用以下写作练习来帮助你做这件事。空处应承上启下，即与上文存在一定的转折关系，同时引出下文。根据下一句中的“tohelpyoudothis”可知，空处应提及一个具体的做法；结合文章标题和下文内容可知，空处应与“自我原谅”有关。分析选项可知，D项“It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.”符合语境，其中的showyourselfsomeforgiveness即为下文中this所指。[答案]D因果关系[典例]（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.36Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth­floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn'tentirelyauthentic，though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment，theplumbing（水管）worked.37.TherewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebedＷ.Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid，“Ouverturedesportes，”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered，andit'sashameIdon'thavemuchuseforit.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive，insomeway，likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon'tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.[解析]本题考查上下文衔接。根据空后提示词So可知，空处与下文形成因果关系。空前提到“我和丈夫刚刚在巴黎待了一周”，空后提到“所以，我们做的第一件事情就是花大价钱租了一个橱柜大小、位于六层的公寓”，因此F项（我们的目的是看看在某种程度上我们是否能像真正的巴黎人一样生活）可构成下文租公寓的原因，符合本段语境。[答案]F递进关系[典例]（2021·全国甲卷）·Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go”，orturnonacertainsong，orwhatever.40Ｗ.Anddon'tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember，it'saparty！A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition[解析]本段空处上文“orturnonacertainsong”提示放一段音乐，D项中的music是上文certainsong的同义重复。下文又提示“Remember，it'saparty！”，D项同时在句意上与上文形成递进关系，即除了开始播放音乐外，还应保持音乐始终贯穿派对。[答案]D并列关系[典例]（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Firstofall，decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit，abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility？Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport？E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice？F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.[解析]根据下文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit，abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility？”中的Or可知，空处也应是在提出问题，所以答案锁定在D项和E项之间；再结合上下文句意可知，空处应与“明确你找健身伙伴的目的”有关，故D项“你想在你最喜欢的体育运动方面成为一个更好的运动型的人吗”符合语境。[答案]D例证关系[典例]（2023·全国甲卷）·MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification（满足）mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime，butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.38Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice，themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother，moreannoyingsituations.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable，notintolerableG.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience[解析]整个段落围绕“等待有助于培养耐心”展开。空前提到“心理学研究表明，从长远来看，等待事实上能让我们更开心”；空后列举了“等到周末再看最喜欢的演出”和“吃蛋糕前多等十分钟”这两个例子，说明等待的习惯是可以培养的。分析上下文语境可知，B项“（培养等待的习惯可以）从小事入手”在这里能起到很好的过渡作用。[答案]B3.设空在段尾段落过渡句当设空在非尾段段末时，也有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。假如所缺的是段落间的过渡句，首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词，再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择[典例]（2021·浙江卷）Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed，headtothefront，andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.31Itturnsout，it'sjustmathworkingagainstyou；chancesare，theotherlinereallyisfaster.A.Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou？B.Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines？C.Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline？F.Withthreeregisters，thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G.Butsometimes，asonaSundayafternoon，thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.[解析]本题考查承上启下的过渡句。上文描述了“你”排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象，下文的“Itturnsout”和“chancesare，theotherlinereallyisfaster”点明了结论，所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配，起到了使上下文衔接的过渡作用。[答案]A补充信息句段末设空还有可能是对上文内容进行补充说明，这时要选择补充性的语句[典例]（2021·全国乙卷）38.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking？Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway，youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（讲台）.Ifyou'rethehost，youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation.39.A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere？”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost[解析]本题考查对上文的补充说明。E项（或者把谈话转向一个他们几乎无话可说的话题）承接空前的“Ifyou'rethehost，youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjustremovethemfromthesituation”给出了另一种选择，属于信息补充，符合语境。[答案]E总结句当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句，是对上文的概括总结。如果文中缺的是结论性、概括性的语句，应快速浏览七个备选项，注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如so、therefore、asaresult、inshort、inaword、allinall等词或短语，快速缩小选项范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项[典例]（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo，howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession，andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities，andprovidedherphonenumber.39A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport？E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice？F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.[解析]根据上文“Hernoticeincludedwhatkind...”中的关键词notice和接下来对布告内容的具体介绍可知，G项“任何关于（寻找）健身伙伴的布告都应包括这样的信息。”总结了上文，且G项中的notice与上文相呼应，符合语境。[答案]GA（2023·广东高三摸底考试）IfyoutraveltonearlyanyChinesecityinthesummertime，youwillseepeople，mostlymenwearingT­shirts，sittingoutonthesidewalksonlowchairsintheshade，playingagamewithlargerounddisksofwood.1XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod.WhileexpertshavedifferentopinionsastowhocreatedXiangqiandhowitislinkedtoWesternchess，thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.2Andinthe20thcenturybothSunYat­senandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.And，thoughitmaylookquiteabitdifferentfromWesternchess，Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescandoandhowthegameisplayed.LikeWesternchess，theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer's“king”.3UnlikeWesternchess，insteadofplacingthepiecesinsquares，thepiecesareplacedontheintersectionsoflines.AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard，whichtheelephantscannotcross.4ThisspacereferstoanareainChinawhereLiuBangandXiangYuhadalife­or­deathwar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”hasbecomeametaphor（隐喻）referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.WhentheChinesepeopletodayseethisnameontheboard，thebattlescenescometotheirmind，asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke，abletohearthebeatingofwardrums.5A.Actually，inXiangqiheisjustageneral.B.DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.C.Itiscalled“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”.D.ThegameiscalledXiangqi，agameofordinarypeople.E.TherearemanydifferencesbetweenXiangqiandWesternchess.F.Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.G.SeveralsayingsrelatedtoXiangqiareincommonuseinChinatoday.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了中国象棋以及中国象棋与国际象棋的不同之处。1.解析：上文描述了玩游戏的景象，说明这种游戏在中国非常普及和受欢迎；下文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod”介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时期。由此可知，本空应该指出上文提及的agame是中国象棋，所以D项“ThegameiscalledXiangqi，agameofordinarypeople.”承上启下，符合逻辑。故选D。答案：D2.解析：上文“XiangqidatesbackasearlyastheWarringStatesperiod...thereisnodoubtthatbytheTangDynastyXiangqiwasapopulargameinChina.”提到象棋在中国历史悠久，可追溯到战国时期，并在唐代时盛行；下文“Andinthe20thcenturybothSunYat­senandZhouEnlaiwerebigfansofthegame.”介绍了在20世纪中国象棋在中国的受欢迎程度。由此可知，此段按照时间顺序介绍了中国象棋在中国的发展，所以空处应该按照时间顺序介绍唐代之后的一个时期中国象棋的发展情况。B项“DuringtheQingDynastyitspopularitygrew.”符合时间上的逻辑关系，故选B。答案：B3.解析：根据上文“Xiangqiisactuallyquitesimilarinwhatthepiecescando...LikeWesternchess，theobjectofthegameistocapturetheotherplayer's‘king’.”可知，中国象棋和国际象棋有相似之处，和国际象棋一样，中国象棋的目的也是“擒王”，而二者又有不同之处。A项“其实，在中国象棋中，它就是将/帅。”符合语境，故选A。答案：A4.解析：空处上一句“AnotherbigdifferencebetweenWesternchessandXiangqiisthatthereisalargeemptyspaceinthemiddleoftheboard，whichtheelephantscannotcross.”提到棋盘中有个大的空白是象不能越过的；空处下文“Thisspacerefersto...alife­or­deathwar.Thewarwassoinfluentialthat‘theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary’hasbecomeametaphor（隐喻）referringtoanyboundarybetweentwoopposingarmies.”指出这个空白地方与一场生死战争相关，并谈及“楚河汉界”，所以空处应介绍这个空白地方的名称。C项“Itiscalled‘theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary.’”符合逻辑，选项中的代词It指代上文的alargeemptyspace，下文对选项中的“theChuRiverandtheHanBoundary”进一步解释说明。故选C。答案：C5.解析：上文提到“楚河汉界”是一种隐喻，下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面中。F项“Anintensebattleisabouttotakeplaceonthissmallchessboard.”承接上文，符合逻辑，选项中的Anintensebattle与上文中的“thebattlescenescometotheirmind，asthoughtheyaresurroundedbythicksmoke，abletohearthebeatingofwardrums”表达的意思一致，onthissmallchessboard与上文中的ontheboard一致。故选F。答案：FB（2023·重庆高三第一次联合诊断检测）HowtoWorkOutYourWorriesbyWritingSomethingtroublingyou？Youshouldwriteaboutit.Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowriteaboutadifficultsituationoftenshowimprovedmentalandphysicalhealth.6Itisaspecifictechnique，andit'sdifferentfromwritinginajournal.Theideaistoreflecthonestlyandthoughtfullyonaparticularchallenge.Hundredsofstudiesoverseveraldecadeshavelookedatthepotentialbenefitsofexpressivewriting.Itcanstrengthentheimmunesystem，includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasflu，canceranddepression.7Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience，expertssay.8Thentranslatingthatexperienceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.Andcreatinganarrativegivesyouasenseofcontrol.Butexpressivewritingisn'tamagicalcure­allsolution.9Andpeoplecopingwithasevereinjuryordepressionmaynotfinditusefultodoitontheirown，withouttherapy（治疗）.Yetitcanbeapowerfultoolformany，inlargepartbecauseithelpspreventthesecrecypeopleofte