高三英语二轮复习外刊阅读热点话题培优练6：历史与文化

外刊阅读热点话题培优练6历史与文化Ⅰ.阅读理解TheUbang(乌邦)communityhasaninterestingformofcommunicationthatisvirtuallyinfluencedbygender.Themanhasalanguage(Ofe)thatisentirelydifferentfromthatspokenbywomen(Araseke)anditisunlawfulforeithersextospeakthelanguagenotassignedbytheirancestors.Infact,suchpeopleareconsideredanabnormalityinthecommunityifthathappens.Regardless,theyunderstandthemselvesclearly.OliverIbang,acommunityleader,says,“Ifyouareamalespeakingthefemalelanguage,theywilladdressyouasanabnormalchild.”Astheyarenaturallybilingual(双语的),theyuseagenerallanguagecalled“mete”forcommunicating,especiallyinpublicplaces.Asalanguageculturedifferentfromothercommunication,allthechildrenfirstlearnthelanguageofthewomen.OnlyatthistimeisitacceptableforthemalestospeakthelanguageoffemalesintheUbangcommunity.Then,attheageoften,youngUbangmalesareexpectedtogiveupthewomen’slanguageandspeakOfe.ChichiUndie,ananthropologist(人类学家),studyingthelanguagepatternbetweenmenandwomensays,“Therearealotofwordsthatmenandwomenshareincommonandthenthereareotherswhicharetotallydifferentdependingontheirsexes.Theydon’tsoundalike,theydon’thavethesameletters,theyarecompletelydifferentwords.”TheUbanglanguagehasbeensustainedbyoraltraditionforseveralyears，lackinggreatlyindocumentation，andlikemanylanguagesthatareendangered，canleadtothelossofidentityandculture.Nevertheless，thecommunityisnotthreatenedbytheextinctionoftheirlanguage.ChiefOliverIbangsays，“Ifthelanguagedies，thatmeansthatthepeopleofUbangnolongerexist.”Stretchingtheuseoflanguageasanidentity，theuniquenessofUbanglanguageisaphenomenonthatisinterestingatitsbestandformsthecorerichnessofthepeople.1.WhatisspecialabouttheUbanglanguage?A.Itisaccessibletowomenonly.B.Genderhasanimpactonitsuse.C.Itispasseddownbytheancestors.D.Itisnotwidelyusedinthecommunity.2.WhatcanwelearnfromChichiUndie’swords?A.Menandwomenhavealotincommon.B.Menandwomenuselanguagesintotallydifferentways.C.Therearecommonalitiesanddifferencesbetweenbothgenders’languages.D.Thedevelopmentofthelanguageisthreatenedbygenderdifferences.3.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.UbanglanguageisvitaltotheUbangcommunity.B.Manylanguagesdiedbecauseoflackoforaltradition.C.Ubanglanguageisontheedgeofextinction.D.Culturelosscausestheextinctionofalanguage.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Torevealauniquelanguageculture.B.ToargueusintoprotectingUbangculture.C.TosolvethemysteryoftheUbangcommunity.D.Toprovethediversityofworldculture.InGrytvikenintheSouthAtlanticliestheSouthGeorgiaMuseum,oneofthemostremotemuseumsintheworld.SouthGeorgiaMuseumislocatedinGrytviken’soldwhalingstation.Whaling,orthehuntingofwhalesfortheirusablenaturalproducts,suchasmeatandoil，ceasedtherein1964.Thebuildingthatnowhousesthemuseumonceservedasthewhalingmanager’shomeandofficeandwasleftunusedforover20yearsbeforeitopenedtothepublicasamuseumin1992.TherearenopassengerflightstoorfromGrytviken，sothemajorityofvisitorsarriveonaship.Theislanditselfonlyseesabout10，000visitorsayearandtherearenopermanentresidents,onlyagroupof20scientists，maintenancestaff,andmuseumworkerswhobravetheisland’scoldweatherconditions.Travelingtothemuseumrequiresadvanceplanning.SouthGeorgiaMuseumstaffalltraveltotheislandfromabroadforthesouthernhemisphere(半球)spring,ormid－October,andmostcomefromtheUnitedKingdom,around8，000milesnorth.Themuseum,whichoffersfreeadmission,“aimstomakethishistoryandheritageaccessiblebothtothevisitingpublicandtothoseunabletovisitthisremoteregionthrougheducation,exhibitionsandoutreach”，accordingtoitswebsite.Ithousesanaturalhistorycollection,artifacts,exhibitionsrelatedtotheearlyhistoryofsealingandwhalingaswellasAntarcticexplorerSirErnestShackleton,andmore.Themuseumroomsarenamedafterindividualswhocontributedtothegrowthorconservationoftheislandinsomeway.ThetemperatureisidealforvisitorsfromOctoberthroughDecember,butstill,daytimehighsdon’toftenreachabove40degreesFahrenheit.Forthosewhoworkthere,Internetaccessispatchyandfreshfoodoptionsarerare.It’snotaplaceforeveryone,butforthestaffthatcallithomeforpartsoftheyear,it’sauniqueformofparadise.“Steppingawayfromtheworldhasbeenatreat，”saidPierce,oneofthestaff.5.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSouthGeorgiaMuseum?A.Itisaccessibletovisitorsbyair.B.Itopenedtothepublicin1964.C.Ithas20maintenanceworkers.D.Itusedtobeawhalingstation.6.Whoaretheroomsofthemuseumnamedafter?A.Managersofthewhalingstation.B.AdventurersexploringtheAntarctic.C.Thosewhomadecontributionstotheisland.D.Individualswhoconservedwhalesfromextinction.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“patchy”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Poor. B.Easy.C.Free. D.Quick.8.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwefindthistext?A.Animals. B.People.C.Travel. D.News.Ⅱ.完形填空Onthenightofthespeechcontest，Iwasworriedabouttheshygirl.Myheart__1__whenIknewtheboyonstageprevioustoher,__2__，wasfairlysuccessfulwithhishumorandpersonalstyle.Thewholeaudienceburstoutawaveof__3__almostevery30seconds.Mypalms(手掌)beganto__4__.Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage,soIcouldn’tblameherforany__5__.Thestrongspotlightmadehersoinsignificantthatnobody__6__shehadbeenonthestage.Butthemomentthat__7__meoccurred.Iclearlyhearda__8__voice,“Now,your__9__，please！”Thewholeaudiencefellquiet.Smallandthinasthegirlappeared,the__10__lookonherfaceinstantlycaughteveryone’seyes.Thenherspeechwason,logicalandwell－organized.Wordsofpower__11__freelyoutofthegirllikemagic.Whenherspeech__12__，athunderousapplausesoundedfromtheaudience.Whenthecompetitionwasconcluding,allofuswaited__13__forthewinner’snametobecalled.Tearsofjoy__14__myvisionwhenthehostannouncedshewonfirstprize.Holdingthemedaltightly,shegavemeabrilliantsmile.I__15__herintomyarms,tooexcitedtosayanywords.1.A.beat B.sankC.lost D.broke2.A.sureenough B.worsestillC.aboveall D.inaddition3.A.crying B.warningC.clapping D.screaming4.A.sweat B.trembleC.change D.turn5.A.try B.poseC.guess D.slip6.A.thought B.admittedC.ignored D.noticed7.A.confused B.interestedC.surprised D.challenged8.A.loud B.weakC.tight D.low9.A.support B.attentionC.vote D.silence10.A.determined B.puzzledC.relaxed D.bored11.A.crowded B.hurriedC.bounced D.flowed12.A.started B.endedC.progressed D.rested13.A.sincerely B.easilyC.wildly D.eagerly14.A.misted B.hidC.prevented D.shaded15.A.pushed B.threwC.pulled D.liftedA篇Para.1：assignv.指定，指派；分配abnormalityn.反常；(身体、行为等)不正常Para.4：sustainv.维持；使保持，支持；遭受，支撑documentationn.文件记载；文献记录；归档Para.5：uniquenessn.独特性，唯一性B篇Para.2：ceasev.终止，(使)停止，结束house常用义：n.房子文章义：v.给……提供住房；给……提供场地Para.3：permanentadj.永久的；永恒的；长久的brave常用义：adj.勇敢的文章义：v.勇敢面对；冒(风险)；经受(困难)Para.4：admissionn.进入许可，加入许可，进入；承认；门票价格accessibleadj.可到达的，可接近的，可进入的，可使用的，可见到的；容易理解的，易懂的Para.5：uniqueadj.独一无二的，独特的；独具的，特有的参考答案Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了乌邦独特的语言文化，这种独特的语言文化于乌邦人民而言十分宝贵，也是一种身份象征。1.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheUbang(乌邦)communityhasaninterestingformof...thatspokenbywomen(Araseke)...”可知，乌邦社区有一种有趣的交流方式，这种交流方式实际上受性别的影响。男性的语言与女性的语言完全不同。由此可知，乌邦语言的特别之处在于性别对语言使用有影响。]2.C[推理判断题。根据ChichiUndie在第三段中所说的话“Therearealotofworksthatmenandwomen...theyarecompletelydifferentwords.”可知，男性和女性有很多词是共用的，还有一些词则因为性别的不同而完全不同。它们的发音不一样，字母也不一样，它们是完全不同的单词。由此可知，男性和女性的语言既有共同之处，也有差异。]3.A[推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句话“TheUbanglanguagehasbeensustainedbyoraltraditionforseveralyears...”可知，乌邦语言多年来一直是通过口述形式流传，结合本段最后一句酋长OliverIbang所说的话“Ifthelanguagedies,thatmeansthatthepeopleofUbangnolongerexist.(如果这种语言消亡了，那就意味着乌邦人不复存在了。)”可知，乌邦语对乌邦社区而言十分重要。]4.A[写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句和第二段第一句，以及最后一段中的theuniquenessofUbanglanguageis...thecorerichnessofthepeople可知，整篇文章都是围绕乌邦社区的交流形式展开讨论，并反映出其独特的语言文化。]【语篇解读】本文是说明文。该文介绍了南乔治亚博物馆，就博物馆所处的地理位置、气候、开放目的以及工作人员的生活等进行了介绍。5.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“SouthGeorgiaMuseumislocatedinGrytviken’soldwhalingstation”和“Thebuildingthatnow...forover20years”可知，南乔治亚博物馆过去曾经是捕鲸站。]6.C[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句话“Themuseumroomsarenamedafter...insomeway”可知，博物馆的各个房间都是以在某种程度上为该岛的发展或保护做出贡献的个人命名的。]7.A[词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的and连接两个句子，and后面的“freshfoodoptionsarerare”指的是可选择的新鲜食物很少。由此并结合语境可知，and前的那句话应该表示互联网的接入不好。]8.C[文章出处题。通读全文可知，该篇文章介绍了南乔治亚博物馆，对其所处的位置、气候以及开放目的等进行了说明，旨在吸引更多游客前来参观，故可知，我们可以在网站的旅游栏目看到此篇文章。]Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。害羞的女孩第一次上台参加演讲比赛，作者非常担心，但结果令他非常震惊，女孩非常坚定并表演成功，获得胜利，让作者感到非常激动。1.B[根据上文的“Onthenightof...theshygirl.”和下文的“whenIknewtheboy...personalstyle”可知，作者很担心女孩，所以此处表示作者的心沉了下去。beat“跳动”；sink“下沉”；lose“丢失”；break“弄坏”。]2.A[根据下文的“wasfairlysuccessfulwithhishumorandpersonalstyle”可知，男孩的演讲果真优秀。sureenough“果然，果真”；worsestill“更糟糕的是”；aboveall“最重要的是”；inaddition“此外”。]3.C[根据上文的“whenIknew...andpersonalstyle”可知，男孩演讲很精彩，听众总是鼓掌。此处表示全场几乎每隔30秒就爆发出一阵掌声。]4.A[根据下文的“Itwasthefirsttime...onthestage”可知，女孩第一次上台作者很担心，所以手掌开始出汗。]5.D[根据上文的“Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage”可知，这是她的第一次登台，所以作者不能因为任何差错责怪她。slip在此作名词，意为“差错”，属于熟词生义。try“尝试”；pose“姿势”；guess“猜测”。]6.D