【课件】Unit+1Discover+useful+structures+课件人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册+

Unit1PeopleofAchievement非限制性定语从句ThewomanwhoisreceivingtheprizeisTuYouyou.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词who,whom,which,that,whose,aswherewhenwhy关系词的作用：①引导作用(引导定语从句)②替代作用(替代先行词)③在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用先行词在从句中所作成分关系代词人主who/that宾who/whom/that/省略定whose(=ofwhom)物主that/which宾that/which/省略定whose(=ofwhich)先行词在从句中所作成分关系副词时间名词时间状语when地点名词地点状语where

reason原因状语why判断下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，哪些是非限制性定语从句①Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.③Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.④Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.⑤Taobaoisawebsitewhereyoucanbuywhatyouwantatagoodprice.限制性定语从句是_____________句，非限制性定语从句是___________________句。①⑤②③④限制性定从和非限制性定从的区分？？？限制性定从与其先行词关系密切，无逗号隔开，非限制性定从与其先行词关系不密切，有逗号隔开。Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatowncarsisincreasing.IspoketoDr.Smithjustnow,whoisalwaysreadytohelpothers.一、形式不同二、意义不同限制性定从非限制性定从1.Isawtheguywhodelivers

mymailyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedto

swim.1.Paris,

whereIspentsix

monthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewoman,

whosechildrenarethesame

ageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.whichguy?whichriver?若去掉，句子含义不明确若去掉，不影响句子含义三、作用不同限制性定从的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定从的先行词既可以是名词或代词,也可是整个句子。Mexicoisacity,whichhasalotofattractions.Hewaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryunhappy.which指city

which指“Hewaslateagain”这个句子四、翻译不同限制性定从译成先行词的定语：“……的”。非限制性定从通常译成主句的并列句；(3)CharlesSmith,

whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.

(4)Theyrelyonthemselves,whichismuchbetter.

(1)MysisterwhoworksinShanghaisendsmeemailalmosteveryday.

(2)Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.

CharlesSmith去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。他们依靠自己，这样好的多。我在上海工作的姐姐几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。他就是汽车被窃的那个人。五、关系词不同限制性定从关代:that,which,who,whom,as关副:when,where,why=介词+which关形:whose=ofwhich,ofwhom___________________________非限制性定从关代:that,which,who,whom,as关副:when,where,why

=介词+which关形:whose=ofwhich,ofwhomforwhich(关系词在限制性定从中作宾语时可以省略，在非限制性定从中通常不省略。)限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上意义上作用上翻译上关系词无逗号有逗号去掉从句，主句意思不完整不明确去掉从句，主句意思仍然完整清楚修饰限定只修饰一个名词或代词补充说明可修饰一个词，也可修饰整个句子译为“……的”常译成与主句并列的句子作宾语时可省略关系词一般不可省略不能用that,why引导Summaryas引导的非限制性定从1.asisknowntoall=asweallknow

众所周知2.asissaid

正如所说的3.asyoucansee=ascanbeseen

正如你所看见的4.asisreported

正如报道的5.asisexpected

正如预料的6.asispointedout

正如指出的7.asafamoussayinggoes

正如一句谚语所说/俗话说8.asismentionedabove

正如以上提到的eg:Asisknowntousall,ZhongNanshanisoneofthegreatestphysiciansinChina.都可以引导非限制性定语从句，修饰、指代整个主句。区别：1.as译为“正如…一样”；which译为“这”2.as从句可置于主句之前，which从句不可。3.介词可以加which引导从句，as不可。4.thesame…as，such…as结构中，as引导限制性定从。

isreported,thepopstarwillcometoWenzhounextmonth.ThepopstarwillcometoWenzhounextmonth,

isreported.Itwasthefourthtimethathehadgotfirstprize,

surprisedallofus.Hepublishedsomanybooks,someof

arestillpopular.Look!Hewearsthesamekindofshoes

youdo.Asaswhichwhichasas和which引导非限制性定从的区别：①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。Sheisalwaysworkinghard，____everyonecansee.②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。Thebook，______Iboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。______everyonecansee,sheishonest.=Sheishonest，_______everyonecansee.④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。______weallknow，smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。Tomsuddenlyfellill，_______madeusverysad.aswhichAsasAswhichAs

or

Which1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_____isanAmerican,cametoChinayesterday.2.Theyarealwayssmoking,______,ofcourse,willdoharmtotheirhealth.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,______costmealot.4.Xi'an,______Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.5.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_____hewon'tbesobusy.6.Theschool,______Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.whichwhichwhoFillintheblankswithproperrelativewords.whichwherewhen7.Thenumberofsmokers,________isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.

8.Itisatrulydelightfulplace,________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.

9.Creatinganatmospherein________employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.

10.Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfof________werepublishedinthe1990s.

11.Thebooksonthedesk,________coversareshiny,areprizesforus.

aswhichwhichwhichwhose1.Thechildren,_________wantedtohaveajourney,

were

disappointedwhenthejourneywas

cancelled.2.Thattheywillgetmarried,_______hasnotbeenannounced,

hasspreadaround.3.We’llgraduateinJuly,___________wewillbefreetogoanywhere.4.Heoftencomestoschoollate,__________makeshis

teacherangry.whowhichwhen

which

Fillintheblankswithproperrelativewords.6.MrKing,__________legswerebadlyhurt,was

quicklytakentohospital.7.WewillputofftheoutinguntilnextSunday,_______________wewon'tbesobusy.8.Yesterday,theywentouttohaveapicnicinthepark,_____________theyhadagood

time.9.Hehasbeenbusywithhisworkthewhole

holiday,_____________hasmadehisgirlfriend

unhappy.whosewhen/onwhichwhere/inwhichwhichActivity2:Writeafewsentencesaboutsomegreatpeoplewiththeinformationgivenbelow.Userelativeclauses.SongQinglingDr.SunYat-sen’s

wife

one

of

the

top

leaders

in

modern

Chinese

historydevoted

her

life

to

improving

the

welfareofwomenandchildrenSongQingling,whowasDr.SunYat-sen’s

wife

and

one

of

the

top

leaders

in

modern

Chinese

history,

devoted

her

life

to

improving

the

welfareofwomenandchildren.ThefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969;“That’sasmallstepfor

(a)

man,

one

giantleapformankind.”CametoChinainWorldWarII;workedselflesslyinChinaasadoctorandsavedmanyChinesepeopleActivity2:Writeafewsentencesaboutsomegreatpeoplewiththeinformationgivenbelow.Userelativeclauses.NeilArmstrongNormanBethuneAleadingfigureofmodernChineseliterature;LuXunLiteraryPrize--oneofChina’stopfourliteraryprizes,awardedeverythreeyearsAgirldressedasaman;wenttofightforhercountry;helpeddrivetheEnglishinvadersoutofFranceJoanofArcLuXunNeilArmstrong,whowasfirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969,said“That’sasmallstepfor

(a)

man,

one

giantleapformankind.”ThefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969;“That’sasmallstepfor

(a)

man,

one

giantleapformankind.”NeilArmstrongCametoChinainWorldWarII;workedselflesslyinChinaasadoctorandsavedmanyChinesepeopleNormanBethuneNormanBethune,

who

cametoChinainWorldWarII,

workedselflesslyinChinaasadoctorandsavedmanyChinesepeople.AleadingfigureofmodernChineseliterature;LuXunLiteraryPrize--oneofChina’stopfourliteraryprizes,awardedeverythreeyearsAgirldressedasaman;wenttofightforhercountry;helpeddrivetheEnglishinvadersoutofFranceJoanofArcLuXunLuXunwas

aleadingfigureofmodernChineseliterature.LuXunLiteraryPrize,

whichisoneofChina’stopfourliteraryprizes,

is

awardedeverythreeyears.JoanofArc,

who

was

agirldressedasaman,wenttofightforhercountry.ShehelpeddrivetheEnglishinvadersoutofFrance.Relativepronounsthat,which,who,whom,whose,asRelativeadverbswhen,where,whyTheseprincipleswereinspiredbyLincoln,______headmired,andweredevelopedwhenhewastravelingoverseas,_______hewenttofindsupportforhiscountry.Thefirstprincipleisaboutnationalism,______indicatesthatChinashouldneverbedividedandshouldnotbeunderanyforeigncontrol.Thesecondisaboutpeople’srightsItmeansthatallpeoplehavegreatvalueandshouldalsohavethesamerights.Thethirdisaboutpeople’slivelihood______meansthatthegovernmentshouldcreateopportunitiesforpeopletomakeagoodliving.whomwherewhichwhichRevision-fillintheblanksRevision-fillintheblanksRelativepronounsthat,which,who,whom,whose,asRelativeadverbswhen,where,whySunYat-sen(1866-1925)waswidelyconsideredtobethefounderandforerunnerofmodernChina.Hewasonlyinpowerforashorttime,whenhewaspresidentofthecountryin1912.Soitmayseemoddtosomepeople_______knowledgeofChinamaybelimitedthatheissuchanimportantfigure.

However,hisinfluenceisnotbasedonhistimeinoffice,butonhiscontinuousstruggleforabettersocietyandhisconcernforallChinesepeople.Healsoputforwardmanyadvancedideas_____broughttheChinesepeopletogetherinparticular,theThreePrinciplesofthePeople.

whosethat高考真题链接1.(2022新考高考1卷)Giantpandasalsoserve____anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.asthat定语从句与语法填空2.(2022·全国甲卷)Onthe1,100­kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,____losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.who3.(2022·1月浙江卷)KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics_______arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.who