牛津译林版英语中考语法专题清单三代词讲义

备战2024年中考语法专题清单三、代词一、清单导图代词代词反身代词物主代词疑问代词相互代词不定代词指示代词人称代词反身代词物主代词疑问代词相互代词不定代词指示代词人称代词通过分析全国近3年百套重点省市真题可知，代词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度：人称代词（高频）、不定代词（高频）、物主代词（高频）、反身代词（高频）、指示代词的用法，疑问代词的辨析，也会在定语从句中考查关系代词，在宾语从句中考查连接代词的用法。考查形式以单项选择、完形填空和语篇填空为主。二、知识讲解一）、人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词类别汉语单复数人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形物代名物代第一人称我单Imemyminemyself我们复weusouroursourselves第二人称你单youyouyouryoursyourself你们复youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称他单hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself他她它们复theythemtheirtheirsthemselves人称代词的句法功能人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作宾语、表语、同位语等。

（1)作主语作主语时用主格。I

meant

to

e

on

time,but

I

was

held

up.我本打算按时到的，但我被耽搁了。作宾语作宾语时用宾格。Winnie

is

a

nice

girl.

We

all

like

her.温妮是个好姑娘。我们都喜欢她。Don't

depend

on

John.

He

has

nothing

in

him.不要指望约翰。他没有什么长处。作表语作表语时常用宾格。That

must

be

her

now.

这会儿一定是她了。－Who

gave

out

the

news?谁把消息传出去的？－It's

me.

是我。作同位语作同位语时用宾格。We,us

three,will

be

able

to

fulfill

the

task.我们三个人就能完成这项任务。2、人称代词用法详解（1)we,you,they都可泛指复数“人们”，在翻译成汉语时一般不直接译为“我们”、“你们”、“他们”。

They

say

that

everyone

can

make

mistakes.人们说每个人都是会犯错误的。（2)he,she表示“物”。①指代宠爱的动物、通人性的动物往往用he或she;不带有感情色彩时用it.

Would

you

please

take

care

of

my

parrot?

She

needs

goodcare.

你能不能照顾一下我的鹦鹉？它需要好好照顾。（She指代

my

parrot)

②she可以用来指代国家、船只等。China

wilI

always

do

what

she

has

promised

to

do.中国将一直重信守诺。③在诗歌、寓言、故事中，温柔、善良的动物（鹿、猫、熊猫、小鸟等）常用she替代，凶猛、粗野的动物（老虎、狮子、狼、熊、狐狸等）常用he替代。

The

fierce

tiger

came

at

the

monkey,but

he

missedher.凶猛的老虎向猴子扑来，但没捕到。

知识拓展人称代词在特定结构中的用法

①人称代词单独使用时，常用宾格而不用主格。－I'd

like

to

stay

here

for

another

week.－我想在这里再待上一周。

－Me

too.

－我也是。②几个人称代词并列时的次序排序具体场景典型示例人称代词的排序单数的场合：you＋he/she+IYou,he

and

I

are

of

the

same

age.你、他和我是同龄人。复数的场合：we＋you+theyWe,you

and

they

are

all

Chinese.我们、你们和他们都是中国人。男女两性并列场合：he+sheHe

and

she

don't

agree

with

me.他和她都不同意我的看法。Every

student

must

finish

his

or

herhomework

by

tomorrow.每个学生在明天前必须把作业做完。表示承担责任时：把I/me或we/us放在第一位We,you

and

they

have

all

made

mistakes.我们、你们和他们都犯了错误。

温馨提示

人称代词顺序口诀单数并列231(you,he/she,I).复数并列123(we,you1,they).倘若要把责任担，第一人称要当先。两性并列为三单，男先女后是习惯。

it是第三人称单数主格或宾格，在句中可充当主语或宾语。

（1)it作代词it主要指某样东西、抽象事物、不知性别的婴儿、身份不明确的某一个人，也可指时间、距离、天气等。①指上文提到的某样东西Where

is

my

dictionary?

I

left

it

right

on

the

desk.我的词典哪里去了？我就把它放在桌子上了。②指抽象事物You've

helped

me

a

lot.

I

shall

never

forget

it.你帮了我很多。我永远也不会忘记你对我的帮助。③指婴儿，尤其是性别不详时What

a

beautiful

baby!

Is

it

a

boy?多漂亮的宝宝呀！是男孩吗？④指身份不明确的某个人－Who

is

knocking

on

the

door?谁在敲门？－It

might

be

the

postman.

可能是邮递员。

温馨提示

he,she,they和it如果指的是一个或一些身份明确的人，不用it,而用he,shethey.I

would

like

to

introduce

my

friend

Albert

to

you.

He

isa

violinist.

我想向你介绍我的朋友艾伯特。他是名小提琴手。The

Greens

will

e

over

to

have

dinner

with

us.

Theyare

our

good

friends.

格林夫妇要来和我们一起吃晚饭。他们是我们的好朋友。

⑤指时间－What

day

is

it

today?－今天星期几？

－It's

Sunday.－今天星期日。⑥指天气、环境In

winter

it

gets

dark

early.

冬天天黑得早。It's

very

noisy

in

the

room.

屋里吵得很。⑦指距离－How

far

is

it

to

Chicago?到芝加哥有多远？－It

is

800

kilometers.800公里。

（2)it作形式主语不定式、动名词、从句作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把它们放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it.

it用作形式主语的重要句型：①

It+be+adj.

(+for

sb.)+to

do

sth.It

is

very

important

for

me

to

learn

a

foreign

language.学一门外语对我来说非常重要。②

It+takes/took

(+sb.

)

+some

time+to

do

sth.It

took

him

fourteen

hours

to

go

to

New

Zealand

fromShanghai

by

plane.从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14个小时。③It+be+过去分词＋that.

.

.该句型中常见的动词有：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,believe等。It

is

said

that

they

have

invented

a

new

type

of

puter.据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。It

is

believed

that

China

will

bee

one

of

the

strongestcountries

in

the

world.大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。

④It's

time

to

do/for/that.

.

.It's

time

to

go

to

school.

到上学的时间了⑤It

seems

that.

.

.It

seems

that

he

has

known

everything.他似乎什么都知道了。⑥It's

one's

turn

to

do.

.

.It's

your

turn

to

read.

轮到你读了。⑦It's+adj.

+that从句It's

clear

that

you're

making

mistakes.很显然你正在犯错误。⑧It+be+名词词组＋doing

sth.It

is

no

good

telling

lies.

撒谎没好处。

（3)it作形式宾语it作形式宾语常代替不定式、动名词和that从句，此时将it置于谓语动词之后，不定式、动名词和that从句放在最后。I

find

it

hard

to

learn

gymnastics.我发现学体操很难。I

feel

it

necessary

to

take

plenty

of

exercise

every

day.我觉得每天进行大量的锻炼很有必要。二）、物主代词

物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词只能作定语，总是在所有修饰词的最前面。Thank

you

for

your

last

letter.谢谢你上次的来信。My

second

English

teacher

is

Mr.

Green.我的第二任英语老师是格林先生。名词性物主代词名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。名词性物主代词具有名词的特性，常用于避免重复前面已提及的名词，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。This

isn't

my

pen.

Mine

is

new.这不是我的钢笔。我的是新的。Are

those

books

yours,

Daniel?丹尼尔，那些书是你的吗？形容词性物主代词变名词性物主代词的规律：一变二不变，其余加s.说明：一变指my变成mine,

二不变指his和its不变，其余加s指剩余的五个形容词性物主代词加s变为名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词之前，作定语。它们的人称、数和性别取决于它们所指代的名词或代词。Is

this

your

seat,sir?先生，请问这是您的座位吗？Jane

loves

her

job.

简热爱她的工作。

知识拓展

形容词性物主代词后可加own,也可构成of

one's

own结构表示强调。

Why

nnot

use

your

own

pen?为什么不用你自己的钢笔呢？I

want

a

car

of

my

own.

我想要一辆我自己的车。名词性物主代词名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，不能用于名词之前，它们的形式取决于它们所指代的名词或代词。名词性物主代词在句中作主语、表语、宾语或与of连用作定语。名词性物主代词的句法功能：①作主语This

is

not

my

dictionary.

Mine

is

lent

to

Lucy.这不是我的词典。我的借给露西了。②作表语This

camera

is

mine

and

that

is

yours.这部照相机是我的，那部是你的。③作宾语Every

person

showed

his

ticket,and

I

showed

mine

too.每个人都出示了票，我也出示了。=4\*GB3④与of连用作定语Adeline

is

a

friend

of

mine.艾德琳是我的一位朋友。、反身代词反身代词反身代词表示“我自己”“你自己”“他自已”“我们自己”“你们自己”和“他们自己”，有人称和数的变化。

（1)作动词的宾语反身代词经常用在enjoy、teach、hurt、buy、introduce、dress、express、help、wash

等动词的后面作宾语。

One

should

not

praise

oneself.人不应该自吹自擂。She

is

teaching

herself

English.她正在自学英语。（2）作介词的宾语介词to、by、of、for等，后面经常用反身代词作宾语。

The

old

woman

often

talks

to

herself.那位老太太经常自言自语。She

lives

by

herself

in

the

country.她独自住在乡下。（3）作同位语反身代词作主语、宾语的同位语使用，用于加强语气，通常直接跟在被说明的词后，若作主语的同位语，有时还可放在句尾。Did

you

make

the

cake

yourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗？（yourself作主语you的同位语）I

wish

I

could

hear

Beethoven

himself

playthis

music.我希望我能听到贝多芬自己弹奏这首曲子。（himself作宾语

Beethoven的同位语）（4)常见的含有反身代词的固定搭配help

oneself

to.

.

.

随便取／吃／喝。。

.

.

.

.leave

one

by

oneself

把某人单独留下say

to

oneself

自言自语（all)by

oneself

单独地；独自地enjoy

oneself

过得愉快；玩得高兴 四）、指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，表示“这个／些”“那个／些”。常用的指示代词有

this,that,these,those.this,that指代单数；these,those指代复数。

指示代词近指远指单数复数this√√that√√these√√those√√指示代词的作用指示代词在句中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语等成分。作主语Charlie,this

is

my

friend

Amy.查利，这是我的朋友埃米。作定语These

books

are

intended

for

first

graders.这些书是专供一年级的学生用的作表语What

I

want

to

stress

is

this.我想强调的就是这一点。作宾语What

do

you

think

of

this?你觉得这个怎么样？指示代词用法详解指示代词this,these往往指在时间或空间上较近的人或物；that,those则指在时间或空间上较远的人或物。

I

love

these

books

but

I

don't

like

those

(ones)

.我喜欢这些书，但不喜欢那些。（these近指，those远指）知识拓展

①英国人打时，this

指自己，that

指别人。Hello!

This

is

is

that

speaking?喂！我是艾伦。您是哪位？②刚提到过的或已经完成的事情用that,即将发生或将要提到的事情用this.

Little

George

broke

the

vase,but

he

didn't

admit

it.

Thatwas

very

annoying.

小乔治打碎了花瓶，但他自己还不承认。那真是太让人恼火了。

（2)that与those常用来代替已提到的名词，以避免重复，用法区别：

“that”，多才多艺，身体多样化，既可指代不可数名词，又可指代单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词时等于the

one.

“those”，主攻一项，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the

ones.

This

puter

works

faster

than

that

(=the

one)

you

justbought.

这台计算机比你刚买的那台速度快。（that指代

theputer)The

climate

of

China

is

quite

similar

to

that

of

the

USA.中国的气候和美国的气候很相似。（that

代替

theclimate)

The

days

in

summer

are

longer

than

those

(=the

ones)

inwinter.

夏天的白天比冬天的白天更长。（those

代替

thedays)

五）不定代词不明确指代某个（些）人或事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语或者定语。常用不定代词的用法区别1、some和any的区别词汇用法例句some（一些）可指代或修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。一般用于肯定句中，但是在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求，建议时用someWouldyoulikesomecoffee？你想喝点咖啡吗？any可指代或修饰可数名词。和不可数名词。多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，表示“一些”；也可用冰箱里没有牛于肯定句中，表示“任一”There

isn'tmilkinthefridge.冰箱里没有牛奶了。few、a

few、little

与a

little词汇用法例句few（很少的，不多的）表示否定含义，与复数名词连用Very

few

of

his

books

areworth

reading.a

few（一些，几个）表示肯定含义，与复数名词连用I

recognized

a

few

of

theother

people.

我认出了一些其他的人。little（不多的）表示否定含义，与不可数名词连用She

said

little

or

nothingabouther

experience.她对自己的经历几乎只字不提。a

little（少量的，

一些）表示肯定含义，与不可数名词连用I

have

only

read

a

little

ofthe

book

so

far.

到目前为止，这本书我才读了一小部分。

3、other、theother、others、theothers与another词汇用法例句other只作定语，常与复数名词连用；但如果前面有the、some、any、each、every、no、my等，则可与单数名词连用Are

there

anyquestions?还有其他问题吗？theother常与one连用，构成“one.

.

.

,the

other.

.

.

”结构；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”She

has

two

sons.

Oneis

in

Beijing,and

the

other

is

in

Shanghai.

她有两个儿子。一个在北京，另一个在上海。others泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定语，可以构成“some.

.

.

,others.

.

.

”结构There

are

lots

of

peoplein

the

park.

Some

aredancing,

and

others

areboating.

公园里有许多人。有的在跳舞，有的在划船。theothers特指在一个整体中剩余的全部There

are

forty

studentsin

our

class.

Thirty

ofus

e

to

school

bybike,and

the

others

allwalk

to

school.

我们班有40名学生。其中有30人骑自行车上学，其余的都步行上学。another指三者或者三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词Idon’tlikethisone.pleasegivemeanotherone我不喜欢这个请给我另一个温馨提示①the

other后接day,night等时间名词时，表示“几天前”“几天前的一个晚上”等。

I

met

your

sister

in

the

street

the

other

day前几天我在街上见到你姐姐了。②another

常用在数词前面，“another+数词＋可数名词复数”结构，相当于“数词＋more/other+可数名词复数”，表示在原有的基础上需要更多数量的东西。另外，another

不能与冠词、指示代词、物主代词等连用。

4、both、neither、either、all与some词汇意义常用短语例句both(两者都)both...and...······和··（两者）都Bothofmygrandfathersarefarmers.

我的祖父和外祖父都是农民。

neither（两者都不）neither.

.

.nor.

.既不······也······

Neither

of

the

twoboys

is

clever.

两个男孩都不聪明。either（两者中的）任意一个either.

.

.or.

.

.

或者······或者······;要么······要么······There

are

flowers

oneither

side

of

the

street.街道两旁都有花。all（三者或三者以上）所有，全部all

of.

.

.

（三者或三者以上）都All

of

the

flowers

aregone.所有的花都谢了some（三者或三者以上）都不none

of.

.

.

(三或三者者或三者以上）都不I

like

none

of

theflowers.

这些花我都不喜欢提醒：both表示“两者都”，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；either表示“（两者中的）任何一个或（两者中的）每一个都”；neither表示“两者都不”；either,neither作主语时谓语动词用单数。这三个词都可单独使用，也可作定语。

I

have

two

sisters.

Both

work

in

Shanghai.我有两个姐姐，她们都在上海工作。（作主语）The

little

girl

can

write

with

either

hand.这个小姑娘哪只手写字都行。（作定语）Neither

answer

is

correct.两个签案都不正确。（作定语）

5、it、one和that的区别词汇意义举例It指上文出现过的同一事物I

left

my

dictionary

on

the

desk,but

it

is

gone.

我把我的词典放桌子上了，但它不见了。one代替与前面事物同一类的事物，并不是同一个事物I

don't

like

this

shirt.

Could

youshow

me

a

better

one?我不喜欢这件衬衫，可以给我拿一件更好的吗？

that可替代可数名词单数，也可代替不可数名词，相当于“the+名词”The

book

is

better

than

that

on

theshelf.

这本书比架子上那本好。

温馨提示one只能代替可数名词如果代替的是特指的不可数名词，应用that.

I'm

moving

to

the

countryside

because

the

air

there

ismuch

fresher

than

that

in

the

city.

我要搬到乡下去，因为那里的空气比城里的空气新鲜得多。none和noone的用法代词指代对象含义具体用法noone常指代人只能为可数回答who引起的特殊疑问句；noone

可用nobody替代，作主语时，其后的谓语动词常用单数形式none指代人或物可数、不可数皆可以回答

how

many/much引起的特殊疑问句；none往往指三者或三者以上“没有一个”，可与of连用作主语指可数名词时谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数一each和every的区别代词指代对象含义具体用法与of搭配情况each每个，强调个体做主语、宾语、定语、同位语；做主语时谓语动词用单数两者或两者以上可以与of搭配使用every每个描述整体只能作定语，修饰名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式三者或三者以上不可以与of搭配使用Each

child

was

given

a

nice

gift.每个孩子都得到了一份精美的礼物。Tokyo

and

London

are

two

large

cities.

I

really

love

each（of

them).

东京和伦敦是两个大城市。两个城市我确实都喜欢。

We

each

know

what

we

should

do

next.我们每个人都知道下一步该做什么。Every

student

will

be

involved

in

the

research.每个学生都将参与这项研究。

知识拓展

①表示“每隔···.

.

.

”“每·····.

”，要用“every+基数词＋名词”。这种结构中的every不能用each替代。

We

hand

in

our

homework

every

three

days.我们每隔两天交一次作业。②each的位置和形式比较灵活，下列几种表达都是正确的：I

bought

the

boys

each

an

ice

cream.

(=I

bought

each

ofthe

boys

an

ice

cream.

)

我给男孩子们每人买了一个冰激凌。

温馨提示①each

作主语的同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数。

②every是限定词，只能作定语修饰单数可数名词。③every与否定词not连用，表示部分否定。10、复合不定代词分类someanynoevery人somebody(某人)anybody(任何人)nobody(没有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(任何人)no

one(没有人)everyone(每人)物something(某物)anything(任何东西)nothing(没有东西)everything(每件东西)由－one和－body构成的不定代词可以相互换用，只是前者较文雅，后者常用于口语中。Someone/Somebody

has

left

his

handbag

behind.有人把手提包落下了。（2)some一类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中，any一类复合不定代词主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。当some一类复合不定代词用于否定句、疑问句和条件句时，往往表示希望对方给予肯定的答复，表示肯定的意义。当any一类复合不定代词用于肯定句时表示“任何”之意。

If

you

don't

know

the

answer,ask

somebody/someoneelse.

如果你不知道答案，就问问别人。

If

anybody

calls,tell

him

I'm

out,but

take

down

his

nameand

phone

number.

如果有人来，告诉他我出去了，但要写下他的姓名和号码。

Why

don't

you

do

something

for

the

family?你为什么不为家庭做点事情呢？（something用于否定的特殊疑问句，表示强烈建议对方做点事情）

（3)复合不定代词后可加－＇s构成所有格。I'd

rather

do

the

work

without

anyone's

help.我宁愿自己干这活儿而不要任何人的帮助。（4）复合不定代词后常加else,表示“另外······的”，所有格是else's.

I

got

the

job

because

nobody

else

wanted

it.我得到了这份工作，因为没有其他人想做这份工作。（5)此类复合不定代词的定语（介词短语、形容词、定语从句等）常置于不定代词的后面。

We're

trying

to

do

everything

possible

to

help

you.我们正尽一切可能帮助你。（6)everyone指“每个人”、“人人”，只指人；every

one指“每个”，既可指人，也可指物。everyone后不能跟

of短语，而every

one后可加

of短语。anyone与

any

one的区别类似于everyone与every

one的区别。Every

one

of

us

objected

to

the

new

plan.我们每个人都反对这个新计划。Has

any

one

of

you

been

to

our

city

before?你们中有人以前来过我们的城市吗？（7)somebody,anybody

可指有一点地位或小有名气的人物；nobody指没有地位的人或默默无闻的人物；something往往指了不起的东西；nothing指无关紧要的东西。Those

who

think

themselves

somebodies

are

usuallynobodies.

那些自以为是重量级人物的人往往无足轻重。

知识拓展something

构成的习惯用法

①something

like

大约，左右The

cost

of

this

trip

will

be

something

like

500

US

dollars.这次旅行的花费大约会是500美金。②something

of

有几分The

news

came

as

something

of

a

surprise.这消息让人感到有点意外。Don't

you

think

that

he

is

something

of

a

liar?你不认为他不太老实吗？③or

something(放在名词后，表示没有把握）诸如此类，或什么的

I

hear

that

your

team

has

won

first

prize

or

something.我听说你们队获得了一等奖什么的。六）、相互代词

相互代词主要有each

other,one

another,意为“互相，相互”。

I

think

you

and

I

must

have

misunderstood

each

other/oneanother.

我想你我之间一定是有什么误会。

We

are

good

friends,andwe

often

help

each

other.

（1)在句中只能作动词和介词的宾语。The

twin

sisters

look

very

much

like

each

other

and

theylove

and

respect

each

other.

这对孪生姐妹长得非常像，并且她们互爱互敬。each

other

和

one

another的所有格形式为eachother's和

one

another's.

We

can

wear

each

other's/one

another's

clothes.我们可以相互换着衣服穿。each

other

与one

another

不能作主语，但可以用each(of).

.

.the

other.

.

.

替代。

Each

shouldn't

blame

the

other

but

should

help

the

other.彼此不应相互埋怨，而应相互帮助。七）、疑问代词用来进行提问的代词便是疑问代词。疑问代词主要包括who,whom,whose,which,what等。疑问代词有主格、宾格和属格之分，在句中所作的成分也不相同。疑问代词各有其不同的含义，在选用疑问代词时需根据其具体的含义而定。形式功能主语宾语表语定语指人主格who√√√宾格whom√属格whose√√√√指物which√√√what√√√√who,whom的用法who的意思是“谁”，可以指代单数，也可指代复数。在语和介词宾语。作动词宾语时可与who互换。作介词宾语时只能用whom,但如果不出现在介词后，也可用who替代。Whom/Who

did

you

often

play

with

when

you

wereachild?小时候你常和谁玩？（作介词with的宾语）With

whom

did

you

discuss

the

question?你和谁一起讨论的这个问题？（whom不可用who替代，因为前面有介词with)whose的用法表示“谁的”，既可置于名词（可数名词单数、可数名词复数、不可数名词）前作定语，也可单独使用。在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。Their

handwriting

is

very

good,but

whose

is

the

best?他们的字都很好，但谁的最好？Whose

car

do

you

love

better,

Jack's

or

Sally's?你更喜欢谁的汽车呢，杰克的还是萨莉的？which的用法表示“哪一个，哪一些”，既可指人也可指物，既可指可数名词单数，也可指可数名词复数，还可指不可数名词。在句中作主语、宾语、定语等。Which

are

cheaper,these

printers

or

those?这些打印机和那些打印机，哪些更便宜？（作主语，指代复数）Which

foreign

language

have

you

leamed?你已经学了哪种外语？what的用法表示“什么”，可单独使用，也可放在名词前，既可以指代或修饰单数，也可以指代或修饰复数。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。What

makes

you

love

your

hometown

so

much?是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡？（作主语，指代单数）What

are

your

reasons

for

resigning?你辞职的原因有哪些？（作主语，指代复数）重点难点①“What

be+主语？”和“What

do/does+主语＋do?”可用于询问职业。What

is

your

elder

sister?

你姐姐是干什么的？What

(=What

job)

does

he

do?他是做什么工作的？②“What

be+主语＋like?”和“What

do/does+主语＋looklike?”前者询问品行和天气状况，后者询问长相。I

have

never

met

her.

What

does

she

look

like?我从未见过她。她长什么样？One

of

the

twins

is

very

talkative,friendly

and

open.

Whatis

the

other

like?这对双胞胎中的一个很健谈，待人友好，坦诚直率。另一个什么样？③“What.

.

.for?”和“What

for?”用于询问原因和目的。－What

did

you

put

it

into

the

soup

for?－你为什么把那东西放到汤里去？－It

would

improve

the

taste.－它会使汤的味道更好。－I'm

going

to

the

grocery

store.－我打算去食品杂货店。－What

for?

We

still

have

enough

food

in

the

fridge.－为什么啊？我们冰箱里还有足够的食品。④“What

if.

.

.

?”表示“要是······会怎么样”。What

if

the

train

is

late?火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？what的习惯用法⑤“What

do

you

mean(by.

.

.

)?”表示“愤怒、不满”等情绪。

What

do

you

mean

by

shutting

the

door

so

loudly?你关门这么大声音是什么意思？⑥“What/How

about.

.

.

?”用于征求对方的意见、询问对方的情况或提出建议。

It

is

hot

today.

What

about

going

swimming?今天天很热。去游泳怎么样？I'm

going

to

tour

around

Shanghai

over

the

vacation.

Whatabout

you?假期里我准备周游上海。你呢？⑦“What

age/height/depth/length/width/weight/colour/size/material/shape+be.

.

.

?”用于询问人或事物的性质和特征，在口语中常用“How

old/big/long/heavy.

.

.

?”结构。What

age

are

you?

(=What

is

your

age?

=How

old

are

you?)你多大了？What

size

are

the

shoes?这双鞋是多大号的？What

colour

is

the

flower?这种花是什么颜色的？

知识拓展

疑问代词作主语时，动词用单数形式还是复数形式要根据它们代表的数决定。如果数的概念不清，动词多用单数形式。Who

are

in

the

playground?谁在操场上？（问话者和听话者都知道操场上有一些人）Who

is

in

the

room?谁在屋内？（问话者和听话者可能都不知道屋内是否有人或有多少人）解题策略：策略1区别代词的格人称代词主要考查具体语言环境中主格和宾格的选择。主格主要看是否在句中作主语，宾格主要看是否放在动词或介词后面。在解答人称代词相关题目时，我们应首先分析上下文，划分好句子成分，弄清代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。典例、－Hi,Bob!Shall

we

flykites

this

Sunday?－Good

idea!

Remember

to

callthen.

IBme解析句意：－嗨，鲍勃！这个星期天我们去放风筝好吗？－好主意！记得到时候给我打。动词call

后接宾格作宾语。故选B.策略2区别物主代词区别形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的一个方法是看设空处后面有没有名词。如果有名词，则用形容词性物主代词；如果没有名词，则用名词性物主代词。典例－Is

this

Linda'snotebook?－No,it's

mine.

The

thick

one

on

the

desk

is解析句意：－这是琳达的笔记本吗？不，它是我的。书桌上那本厚的是她的（笔记本）。空处表示“她的（笔记本）”，应用名词性物主代词hers.故选C.策略3区别不定代词不定代词的应用是中考的重点，熟记常用不定代词的用法，注意每个不定代词的用法及含义上的不同是解题的关键。解题时结合语境具体分析，理解不定代词的“数量关系”，如neither、both、all、each、every、other、another等。典例Some

animals

movefrom

one

place

toat

certain

times

ofthe

year.解析句意：有些动物在一年中的某些时候从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。another“另一；又一”，泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一个；other“另外；其他”；the

other

特指两者中的另一个或两部分中的另一部分；others泛指其他的人或物。根据句意可知选A.七、强化训练省内中考模拟题(中考真题+名校最新真题)1．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—You’vebeensoquiettoday,Tom.Talktome.Saysomething.________!—WhatamIsupposedtosayafterallthis?Justleavemealone!A．Something B．Anything C．Everything D．Nothing2．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Thinkaboutitandask________:haveyoureallydoneeverythingright?A．you B．yourself C．me D．myself3．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Thechildrenhavepaintedsince________couldfirstpickupabrush.A．they B．them C．their D．themselves4．（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）—Coffeeormilk,Jeff?—________isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.A．Both B．None C．Either D．Neither5．（2022·江苏常州·统考中考真题）Learningisalifelongjourney,foritbringsus________neweveryday.A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something6．（2022·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）________isourdutytomakeourcountrybetterandstronger.A．It B．This C．That D．One7．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—Coffeeortea,Frank?—Coffee,please.Togetrelaxed,________isbetterthanacupofcoffee.A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything8．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Thereisn’t________intheclassroom.AllthestudentsarehavingaPElessonintheplayground.A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody9．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）OurEnglishteacher,MissLi,iskindandpatient.Wealllike________.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself10．（2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Pandasaresocute.Mostchildrenlike________.A．they B．them C．their D．themselves11．（2021·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）Ihavemyownadvantagesandmyfriendshave________.A．his B．hers C．theirs D．ours12．（2021·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）Ienjoyplayingbadminton.WhenI’mrunningwithabatinmyhand,Idon’tworryabout________.A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing13．（2021·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）一CanIaskyouonequestion?Andonlyone.一Sure.________.A．Something B．Anything C．Someone D．Anyone14．（2021·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Asparents,wemustask________:Arewelistening?Arewepatientenough?A．us B．ourselves C．me D．myself15．（2021·江苏常州·统考中考真题）________isbetterworthmyrespectthanYuanLongping.HeistheprideofChina.A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Nobody D．Everybody16．（2021·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—Is________here?—Yes.Weareallready.A．somebody B．neither C．everybody D．none17．（2021·江苏南京·统考中考真题）Amyhidunder________deskinahurrywhentheearthquakehappened.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself18．（2021·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）—Whyareyoulaughing,Daniel?—Thereis________funnyinthenewspaper.eandsee.A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing19．（2021·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthereeighthsof________ontheEarth.A．that B．those C．one D．ones20．（2021·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—Whichcolourdoyoulike,redorblue?—________.Ilikegreen.A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None21．（2021·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Lookatthesign,please.Youcanparkyourcaron________sideofthestreet.A．both B．other C．either D．all22．（2021·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）MissLi,ahumorousteacher,taught________mathslastterm.A．us B．our C．ours D．ourselves23．（2020·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—WhereareLilyandLucyfrom?—____arefromtheUSA．A．Ours B．We C．Theirs D．They24．（2020·江苏常州·统考中考真题）—Wereyourequired___________homeduringtheoutbreakofCOVID19?—Yes.Luckily,theInternetmadeitpossibleformanyofus________fromhome.A．tostay;towork B．staying;towork C．tostay;work D．staying;work25．（2020·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）It’saneitherorsituation—wecanbuyacamerathisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan’tdo________.A．other B．either C．all D．both26．（2020·江苏常州·统考中考真题）Takeiteasy.Therewillbe_________twobusesinginafewminutes.A．another B．other C．others D．theother27．（2020·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）—Haveyouasked___________aboutthecase?

—No,exceptBob.A．everybody B．anybody C．nobody D．somebody28．（2020·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—WhatdoweknowaboutthenextOlympicGames?—Very________.Theonlynewsisthattheywon’tcancelit.A．afew B．few C．alittle D．little29．（2020·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）—Whoisatthedoor?—Adeliveryman(快递员)or________wantingtosellhisnewproducts.A．everybody B．anybody C．somebody D．nobody30．（2020·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Whenshallwegoonapicnic,SaturdayorSunday?—_________isOK.I'mfreethewholeweekend.A．Neither B．All C．Either D．Both31．（2020·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）MyEnglishteacherhasagoodsenseofhumor.Wealllike_________.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself32．（2020·江苏南京·统考中考真题）Howdelicious!Didthestudentsmakethefruitsaladallby________?A．they B．them C．their D．themselves33．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）Maryisakindgirlandsheneversays________aboutothersbehindtheirbacks.A．somethinggood B．nothingbad C．everythinggood D．anythingbad34．（2023·江苏常州·校考一模）—Isthere________newontheInternetthesedays?—Ofcourse.Anewchatrobot,GPT,beespopularamongtheyoungnetizens.A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing35．（2023·江苏徐州·统考三模）—Whatdoyouthinkofthetwobooks?—________ofthemareinteresting.Iplantoreadthemagain.A．Both B．Neither C．Either D．All36．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）AliceisnowaCEOofabigpany.She’sreally________inZhenjiang.A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．anybody37．（2023·江苏扬州·校考一模）—Whohelpsyoudoyourhomework,yourfatheroryourmother?—________.Afterthe“doublereduction”policyiscarriedout,Icanfinishmyhomeworkatschool.A．None B．Either C．Both D．Neither38．（2023·江苏南京·南师附中树人学校校考三模）—ThisisthemostinterestingnovelIhaveeverread.—ButIdon’tthink________willlikeit.A．everybody B．anybody C．somebody D．nobody39．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）—Whohelpsyouwithyourhomework,yourfatheroryourmother?—________Afterthe“doublereduction”policy（双减政策）iscarriedout,I’mabletofinishmyhomeworkatschool.A．None. B．Either. C．Both. D．Neither.40．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）Now,theInternethasmade________muchfasterandeasiertotravel.Forexample,youcanbookticketsonlineandsearchforinformationeasily.A．this B．that C．it D．one41．（2023·江苏连云港·校考三模）Asmilecosts________butitgivessomuch.Soweshouldlearntosmile.A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything42．（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）—Whosefootballsarethese?Aretheyyours?—No,theyarenotours.Theybelongto________,theboysoverthere.A．they B．their C．them D．theirs43．（2023·江苏南京·南京外国语学校仙林分校校考三模）—Isthereanynewmovieonatthecinema?—Yes.________thefilmGodspeed(《人生路不熟》)andarewonderful.Youcanchoose________ofthemtosee.A．Both;neither B．None;each C．All;none D．Both;either44．（2023·江苏泰州·校考三模）—Whoteaches________English?—Mr.Huang,________isagoodteacher,andoftenmakes________lessonsinteresting.A．your;She;our B．your;He;us C．you;He;our D．you;She;us45．（2023·江苏苏州·苏州高新区第二中学校考二模）Ofthethreeforeigners,oneisfromChicago,and________twoarefromLondon.A．other B．theothers C．theother D．others46．（2023·江苏泰州·校考三模）—Howdoyoufindyourclassmates?—Mostarekind,but________ofthemisasfriendlytomeasCathy.A．none B．noone C．nobody D．everyone47．（2023·江苏盐城·校考二模）Aftertheeducationreform(改革)inJiangsuProvince,itishopedthatthepupilswillhave________timetorelaxand________problemstoworryabout.A．less;more B．more;less C．fewer;more D．more;fewer48．（2023·江苏连云港·连云港市新海实验中学校考三模）Where’syourbrother?Iwanttogive________abook.A．he B．you C．him D．her49．（2023·江苏扬州·校考三模）—QuanHongchanmadethewholesportsworldrememberhername.Itseemsthatshewasbornanathlete.—Infact,________wasborngoodatallthingsexcellentwithoutenoughpractice.A．somebody B．nobody C．everybody D．anybody50．（2023·江苏扬州·统考二模）Sorry,Ican’thelpyoutogettheenginestarted.Iknowabouthowtofixcars.A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing51．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）Vickyfinds________importantforpeopletohaveabalanceddieteveryday.A．it B．one C．this D．that52．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Youarethefutureofourcountry.Don’tkeepaskingwhatourcountrycandoforyou.Ask________whatyoucandoforourcountry.A．you B．yourselves C．us D．ourselves53．（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）—Timmy,weareworkingthewholeafternoon.Let’shavearest!—That’sagoodidea.Togetrelaxed,________isbetterthanlisteningtosoftmusic.A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything54．（2023·江苏淮安·统考二模）TuYouyouwilletoourschool.Ican’twaittosee.A．she B．her C．hers D．you55．（2023·江苏无锡·统考二模）—Coffeeorjuice,York?—________isOK.Icarelittleaboutit.A．Both B．None C．Neither D．Either56．（2023·江苏无锡·统考三模）—You’dbetterencourageyourlittlebrothermore.—Iagree.Alittlepraiseisbetterthan________.A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything57．（2023·江苏常州·校考一模）Wedevelopedtwonewpills,but_______ofthemprovedtoworkwell.A．neither B．none C．both D．all58．（2023·江苏连云港·统考一模）I’malittlethirsty,Mum.CanIhave________todrink?A．anythingnice B．somethingnice C．nicesomething D．niceanything59．（2023·江苏连云港·统考一模）—Daniel,wouldyouliketogotothelibrarybybikeoronfootthisSunday?—isOK.It’suptoyou.A．All B．Neither C．Both D．Either60．（2023·江苏宿迁·校考一模）—Whenshallwegoonapicnic,SaturdayorSunday?—________isOK.I’mbusythisingweekend.A．Either B．All C．Neither D．Both61．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）—Teaorcoffee,Sandy?—________,thankyou.Ihavenotimetostay.A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None62．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）—________waterdoyouhave?Canyougivemesome?I’msothirstynow.—Noneleft.YoumayaskJaneforsome.A．Howmuch B．Howmany C．Howlong D．Howfar63．（2023·江苏苏州·模拟预测）TherearemanywaystoprotectyoufromCOVID19.Oneistowearthemaskwell.________istokeepthesafedistancefromthecrowd.A．Other B．Theother C．Another D．Others64．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）NotonlymyfatherbutalsoI________crazyaboutthefootballmatch,so________ofuswantstomissthematchtonight.A．am;both B．is;either C．am;neither D．is;both65．（2023·江苏·一模）Mr.Maisawiseman,andheusuallygivesusafew________.A．suggestions B．advice C．information D．knowledge66．（2023·江苏南京·统考一模）IknowtheproductwasmadeinShanghai,butIdon’tknow________brand.A．their B．its C．his D．her67．（2023·江苏·一模）Thedoctorwhoseemedprofessionalsaidthattherewas________wrongwithme,butIdidn’tfeelbetteratall.A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something68．（2023·江苏·一模）—Boysandgirls,whatcanwelearnfromRobinsonCrusoe?—Weshoulddependon________whenwemeetdifficulties.A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves69．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）paredwithLinda’shouse,________isquiteoldbutfortable.A．my B．I C．mine D．myself70．（2023·江苏无锡·统考一模）—________ismorefortablethanstayingathomeinsuchbadweather.—You’retheboss.So,wouldyoucareforacupoftea?A．Something B．Everything C．Anything D．Nothing71．（2023·江苏徐州·统考一模）—Whoseshirtisthis?IsitTom’s?—No,itisn’t.________iswhite.A．My B．Hers C．His D．Your72．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）Ileft________pensathome.CanIborrow________?A．me;your B．my;your C．mine;yours D．my;yours73．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）—Whatdoyouthinkofthetwofilms?—________ofthemareinteresting.Iplantoreadthemagain.A．Neither B．Either C．Both D．All74．（2023·江苏南京·模拟预测）Duringthetwohourpartyyesterday,allthepeoplewereenjoying________verymuch.A．they B．them