+Unit+1知识点讲义 牛津译林版英语八年级上册

初二U1Friends形容词比较级1.CanIhavesomethingtodrink?somethingtodrink一些喝的东西，此结构中todrink为动词不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词something,不定式修饰不定代词时，应放在不定代词的后面。Eg:1.—Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhereIcanbuysomethingtoeat？—Thereisasupermarketahead.2.Ihavesomemorefood.基数词+more+名词=another+基数词+名词Eg:twomorecakes=anothertwocakes3.Thereisnothinginthefridge.nothing指代物none指代人或物Eg:Aliceisalwaysfullofideas,butnoneisusefultomyknowledge.4.Whataboutsomemilk?Whatabout...?……怎么样？日常交往中，向对方提建议的方法有以下几种：①用Let's或ShallI/we来表示对第一人称的建议，用法为“Let's＋动词原形”或“ShallI/we＋动词原形？”。②表示对第一人称和第二人称的建议用“Whydon'twe/you＋动词原形＋其他？”或“Whynot＋动词原形＋其他？”。③“What/Howabout...？”意为“……怎么样/好吗？”。这个句型常用来询问消息、征求意见或建议，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词。④Wouldyoulike(todo)．..？你想要/愿意(做)……吗？Eg:—Wewillhaveabigbasketballgamenextweek,butwestillneedaplayer.—WhynotinviteBryantojointhegame?Heisfantastic.—It'snearlylunchtime.Howabouthavingsomenoodlesanddumplings?—Thatsoundsgood．WhatabouttheGreatWall?U3interWhydon’twegototheChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseum?U3interLet’sgotothemuseum.U3interYou’dbettertakethemedicineontime.hadbetternotdo最好不要做某事5.Maybewecanshareit.maybe也许maybe情态动词+do6.keepasecretkeepsthforsb为sb保守sthkeepsthtosb把sth藏在sb心里Eg:Becausehecankeepasecret.7.Doyoutalktohimwhenyouarehappy？Canyoutellhimeverythingaboutyourself?sayabadwordaboutsb说某人的坏话易混动词talkto/withsbtalkof/aboutsthtellsbaboutsthEg:talktometellmeinterestingthingsEg:saybadthingsaboutherfriendstellyoufunnyjokesIcantellheranything.8.Ishereadytohelpyouwhenyouhaveproblems?bereadytodo=preparetodoEg:Areyoureadyfortheexam?9.honestadj.诚实的；正直的dishonestadj.“不诚实的”，前面的不定冠词用a如：anhonestman一个诚实的人adishonestboy一个不诚实的男孩anexcellentteacherEg:—Look!Who'sthatgirlinaredskirtoverthere?—Oh,sheismysister,Kate.Sheisanhonestgirl.10.trustv.n.Eg:Youcantrustthem.Youknowfriendsneedtrust.11theynevertelllies.liev.说谎--lying--lied--liedliev.躺，放置，位于--lying--lay--lainlayv.下蛋--laying--laid--laidEg:12.sheiswillingtosharethingswithherfriendsbewillingtodosharesthwithsbEg:Areyouwillingtoshareyourtoyswithyourclassmates?13.Shehelpsmewithmyhomework.helpsbwithsthEg:helppeoplewiththeirproblemshelpmewiththeseMathsproblems14.Maxhasagoodsenseofhumour.humorousadj.humourn.相关搭配：a（good）senseof+名词感asenseoftime/music/achievement/safety/direction/rightandwrong/duty时间观念、乐感、成就感、安全感、方向感、是非观、责任感commonsense共识Eg:Myunclehasagoodsenseofhumour.15.Theymakehimlooksmart.翻译：makemelaughmakesb+adjmakesbdomakesthforsbEg:makemefeelhappymakenewclothesforme16.Ineverfeelboredwithhim.bored一般用于说明人对某事物的感受boring一般用于修饰令人感到无聊或乏味的人或事物be/getboredwithsb./sth.对某人/某物感到乏味be/getboredwithdoingsth.对做某事感到厌倦类似的单词有：surprising—surprised;amazing—amazed;interesting—interested;exciting—excited等。Eg:①—The5Gtechnologycanhelpdoctorstreatpatientswhoarehundredsofkilometersaway.—It'sreallyamazing.②WeareveryexcitedaboutthegraduationceremonynextSaturday.Wecan'twaittobethere.③Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientorboredwithpeopleoverunimportantthings?17.Whensomethingworriesme,sthworrysb某事使某人担心sbworryaboutsth=sbbeworriedaboutsth某人担心某事Eg:Somethingterribleworrieshimthesedays.Doyouknowwhathappened?Heworriesabouthissickmotherandhisjobalsoworrieshim.18.词组翻译giveone’sseattosomeoneinneedhaveagoodvoiceknockeverythingontothefloorlongstraighthair/brightsmilingeyesbegoodatdoingtelljokes19.Whowouldyouchooseasyourbestfriend,Suzy?choosevt.&vi.选择；挑选过去式_____________名词_____________choosetodosth.选择做某事choosesb.as/tobe...选某人当……choosehowtodosth.选择如何做某事makeachoice做出选择Eg:Sinceitwillberainytomorrow,wehavetochooseadifferenttimetogojogging.Whenyouhavethechoiceofbeingrightorbeingkind,choosebeingkind.20.heightn.高，高度形容词_________inheight在高度上attheheightof...在……的顶点Eg:Youhavesetagoodexampleforme,andI'lltrymybesttoreachtheheightasyoudid.Heisafraidofhighplaces,sohenevertravelsbyair.Theplaneflewata(high)of3,000meters．Thebuildingis108metersin(high).21.WhenIfeelboredorunhappy在英语中，有时会在某些形容词前面加前缀un，表示否定的含义，类似的词有：necessary—unnecessary;able—unable;welcome—unwelcome;real—unreal;like—unlike;clear—unclear;clean—unclean等。表示否定意义的前缀还有dis-，im-，in-ir-，等，如：honest—dishonest,possible—impossible，impolite,impatientcorrect—incorrect,inactiveregular—irregularEg:Theboyfailedtheexam,sohefeltveryunhappy.Shirleyisanearlybird.Itwas(usual)forhertobelateforschooltoday.Sandyseemed(happy)thismorning.Doyouknowwhatwaswrong?22.--Whatisshelike?--She’sshyandquiet.What’sschoollike?U2welcomeReally?What’shisschoollifelike?U2reading询问外貌：Whatdoesshelooklike?=Howdoesshelook?Eg:.—Howdoyoulikeyourschoollife?—It’sverycolourful.Eg:Who’sthegirlnexttoPeter?--ThisisPeter.Who’stheboyontheleft?--She’sLucy.23.主将从现IwillbehappyifIcanmakeotherpeoplehappy.Iwon’tgototheteacherevenifitdoesn’traintomorrow.Ifyouaren’tcareful,youwon’tbeabletoanswerthequestioncorrectly.24.词组翻译haveasmileonone’sfacewouldliketobeasocialworkerbeautifulworksofartmakeanexcellentteacher重点语法形容词的比较级和最高级Heisthetallestboyinmyclass.Bettyisoneofmybestfriends.SheisshorterthanIam.Whowouldyouchooseasyourbestfriend,Suzy?...seethebiggestcitysquareintheworld.U3taskHeoncetriedtoputinabrighterlightinhisbedroom,U4readingHewantstogetbetteratDIY.U4readingbecauseoneendoftheshelfwasmuchhigherthantheother.U4readingEg:HeisthestricterteacherIhaveevermetduringmylife.Ihaveneverseenalivelierboythanhimbefore.1.比较级表示“较……”或“更……”，如：larger(更大的，较大的)；最高级表示“最……”，如：largest(最大的)。2.比较级和最高级的构成(1)单音节词和部分双音节词在词尾加er或est构成比较级或最高级，此类形容词也称规则变化的形容词。在词尾加后缀时要注意：①一般情况：直接加er或est，如：tall—taller—tallest②以e结尾的：加r或st,如：nice—nicer—nicest③以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词：先变y为i，再加er或est，如：happy—happier—happiest;busy—busier—busiest（又懒又丑，借口忙，崇尚健康之后变得开心又幸运，早点说就容易些）④以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词：双写最后一个辅音字母，再加er或estbig—bigger—biggest;thin—thinner—thinnest;hot—hotter—h