2024届上海市部分区高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题分类汇编：语法填空（含解析）

上海市部分区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题分类汇编语法填空2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Therainforests

arealivewiththesoundofanimals.Besidesthepleasureofthenoise,itisusefultoecologists.Listeningoutforanimalcallsisconsideredamethodofmeasuringthebiodiversityofapieceofland.(21)____________itismucheasierthandiggingunderthebusheslookingfortracks,suchanalysisistime-consuming.Italsorequires(22)______expertpairofears.Inapaperpublishedin

NatureCommunications,agroupofresearchersledbyJörgMüller,anecologistattheUniversityofWürzburg,describeabetterway:haveacomputerdothejob.Smartphoneappsalreadyexistthrough(23)______thesoundsofbirdsormammals(哺乳动物)canbeidentified.Theresearcherstookrecordingsfromacross43sitesintheEcuadoreanRainforest(厄瓜多尔雨林).Somesiteswererelativelyprimitive,old-growthforests.Otherswereareasthat(24)_____(clear)forpasture(牧场)already.Soundrecordingsweretakenfourtimeseveryhour,overtwoweeks.Thevariouscallswereidentifiedmanuallybyanexpert,andthenusedtoconstructalistofthespeciespresent.Asexpected,thelongerthelandhadbeenfreefromagriculturalactivity,themoresignificantthebiodiversityithosted.Thenitwasthecomputer’sturn.Theresearchersfedtheirrecordingsto(25)______(train)AImodels,usingsoundsamplesfromelsewhereinEcuador,toidentify75birdspeciesfromtheircalls.Theyfoundthe

AI

toolscouldidentifythesoundsaswellastheexperts.Noteverythinginarainforestmakesanoise.Havingusedlight-trapstocapturenight-flyinginsectsand

DNA

analysis(26)______(identify)them,DrMüllerandhiscolleaguesfoundthediversityofnoisyanimalswasareliableindicatorforthediversityofthequieter(27)______,too.Theresultsmayhaverelevanceoutsideecologydepartments,too.Underpressure(28)______theircustomers,somemake-upcompaniesandoilfirmshavebeenspendingmoneyonforestrestorationprojects.DrMüllerhopesanautomatedapproachto(29)______(check)ontheresultscouldhelpmonitorsuchefforts.Thismethodwouldalsoprovideastandardizedwaytomeasure(30)______theyareworkingaswellastheirsponsorssay.2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.GoingHungryintheLandoftheRichTheUnitedStatesisoneoftheworld’swealthiestcountries.Despitethis,manyAmericansstrugglejusttoputhealthyfood,oranyfoodatall,onthetableeveryday.Onemightthinkthatafoodshortage(21)_________(happen)inAmerica,butthisisnotthecase.Thereismorethansufficientfoodforeveryone,40%of(22)________isunfortunately,wastedeveryday.Therearemanydifferentwaysfood(23)________(waste):farmersonlypickthebest-lookingcrops,deliveriesaren’tmadeontime,supermarketsthrowoutextraproducts,customersbuymorethantheyneed,andsoon.Thehighestlevelofwastagetendstohappenintherichestcommunities.Meanwhile,peoplewholiveinpoororruralareasoftenhavelittleornoaccesstofood.Theseareasarecalled“fooddeserts.”Theyhavefewersupermarkets,andtheonlyfoodoptionsthatthey(24)________affordareoftenunhealthyones.Healthyfoods(25)________________freshfruitsandvegetablesmaybeimpossibletofind.Sadly,12.8%oftheAmericanpopulationliveinfooddeserts.Whatcanwedotohelp(26)________whodon’thaveenoughfood?ShirleyandAnnieZhucameupwithasolution.In2017,whenHurricaneHarveydestroyedover100,000homesintheircity,Houston,thesistersgotinvolved.(27)_______helpingtoclearwaterfromafloodedsupermarket,theysawahugeamountoffoodbeingwasted.Atthesametime,thousandsofpeopleinthecitydidn'thaveenough(28)________(eat).ThegirlssetupFreshHubwith10oftheirclassmates,(29)________(hope)todosomethingtohelp.Theycreatedanappwhichcouldbeusedbyresidentstofindout(30)_______freshfoodwasavailable.Thentheycontactedlocalfarmersandsupermarketstoaskfortheirextrafood.Todate,FreshHubhasdeliveredmorethan15,000poundsoffoodtopeopleinneed.上海市松江区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BuyNow,PayLaterSpendingBuynow,paylater(BNPL)spendingisexpectedtorisetorecordlevelsthisholidayseason.Withsomanyyoung"buynow,paylater"shoppersalreadyindebtfromthisshort-termfinancingtoolnotrequiringinterest,questionsemerge:Whydotheseshoppersusesuchatool?Andwhatrisksdoesitposetotheirbudgetsinthemonths(21)______(come)?ThemanyGenerationZandmillennials(typicallyaround40yearsandyounger)tendtousethisshort-termfinancing,(22)_______allowsthemtobuyitemsandpayforthemovertime.Offeredmostlybyfinancialtechnologies,BNPLallowsthesecustomerstopaybacktheirpurchases(23)______interestandwiththefirstpaymentusuallymadeatcheckout.Themostcommon"buynow,paylater"planis(24)______customersmakefourequalpaymentsandpayoffthedebtinsixweeks.It'sbeenalifelineforsomepeople,suchasauniversitystudent(25)______weeklyincomeisnotbigenough.“BNPLprovidesconsumerswithflexiblepaymentoptionssothey(26)______managespending,"saidVivekPandya,leadanalystatAdobeDigitalInsights.Thatisofgreatimportanceformanyconsumers,especially(27)______withatendencytopurchasehigher-costitems.However,sinceBNPL(28)______(appear),warningsfromexpertshavecomeintoourview.Theyhavebeenindicatingthatit'sfinanciallyunhealthytoformsuchaspendinghabit.AccordingtoNewYorkFederalReserveeconomists,BNPLmayencouragedebttoincreaseovertime,(29)_____(influence)aconsumer'sabilitytomeetnon-BNPLcommitments,oruserstooverextendthemselves.Usersshouldalsonotethat(30)_______interestisnotchargedontheloan,they'llbehitwithlatefeesformissedpayments,whichcanaddupquickly,saystheConsumerFinancialProtectionBureau.2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Perhapsevenmoreincredibleisthatit’ssmackbanginthemiddleofKentucky.MammothCaveNationalParkpreservesthisuniqueandhistoricalnaturalwonder.Aslargeasthelimestonecavesystemis,parkofficials,estimatethere(21)_______beanother600milesofcavepassagewaysthathaveyettobeexplored.(22)_____________________thoseunexplored,morethan200cavesexistintheparkthataredisconnectedfromthelargersystem.Theincrediblerockformationshaveresultedinthepark(23)_______(recognize)asaWorldHeritageSite,thankstoitsextraordinarysizeandscientificimportance–makingitoneofonly13naturalUSsiteswiththattitle.Thecaveswerecreatednaturallybytheprocessoflimestoneerosion,whichisknownas“karsttopography”.Rainandriversslowlydissolveandshapesoftlimestone,whichcreatesthevastundergroundnetwork.Thesystemisstillbeingshapedandcarvedtoday.Notonlyaretheyastunningdestinationtovisit,butthesystemalsoprovidesdrinkingwaterforroughly40%oftheUSpopulation–andthey’re(24)_______historicalsignificancetoo.Thecavesactasatimecapsulethatpreserveover5,000yearsofhumanhistory–andthecaves’firstexplorerswereNativeAmericans,who(25)_______(mine)theupperlevelsofMammothCave.Thankstothecavesystem’satmosphereandnaturalprotectionfromanykindofhumandisturbance,thearchaeologicalsiteshavebeenleftingreatshape.SeveralsetsofNativeAmericanremainshavebeenrecovered,(26)_______(provide)fascinatingevidenceofpre-Columbianfunerarypractices.MammothCavewasestablishedasanationalparkthankstostronglocalsupport.Backinthe1920s,SecretaryoftheInteriorHubertWorkcreatedtheSouthernAppalachianNationalParkCommissionin1925tosurvey(27)_______(propose)parksites,includingthecaves.Afteryearsofworkacquiringthelandforthepark,aswellasbuildingroads,trails,andpublicfacilities,MammothCaveNationalParkwasestablishedonJuly1,1941.PioneeringAfricanAmericansweresomeofthefirstcaveguides,andareresponsibleforsomeofthemorerecentlydiscoveredpassageways.StephenBishop,whowasaslave,workedinthecavefrom1838to1856andventuredbeyondthetourroutesthat(28)______(establish).Hecrossedaterrifyingdropcalledthe“bottomlesspit”todiscoverunmappedareasofthecavesystem.Althoughtheywereunrecognizedatthetime,pioneerslikeBishophelpedsparkthegoldenageofcaveexploration.Theparknowreceivesaround2millionvisitorsayear,withroughlyaquartertakingatourofthecaves–everythingfromaculturaltourtothemoreadventurousscramblingtoursonoffer.Thecavesupportsmorethan130wildlifespecies,suchastheeyelesscavefish,(29)_______hasadaptedtothelightlessenvironmentbynolongergrowingeyes,andthecavecrayfish.MammothCaveNationalParkisalsomuchmorethanjustacave;itssurroundingforestcontainsoneof(30)_______(diverse)habitatsinthecountry.Therearemilesoftrailsopenforhorsebackriding,withkayakandcanoetrailsandgreatfishingspots.Therearealsomorethan1,300floweringspeciesintheforest,andanimalslikewoodwarblers,thrushes,andbaldeaglescanregularlybespotted.2024届上海市长宁区高三上学期一模英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.EvenVeryYoungChildrenCanBeDepressedIfyoudoubtedit,IwouldintroduceyoutoSusan,whocametomyofficeandtalkedconstantlyabouther“badfeeling.”Susan21(lose)interestinherfavoriteactivities,stoppedplayingwithherfriends,andtoldherparentsthatshewantedtobedead.She’dspentmoretimeintheschoolnurse’sofficethaninherclassroom.Susanwassixyearsoldand22(suffer)fromdepression.PropertreatmenthelpedSusanrecover.Withoutit,shemightstillbeanunhappychild,aloneandinpain.Theriskfordepressiondoestendtoincreaseaswegrowolder.Depressioninyoungchildrenisrarebutreal.ReneSpitz,a23(note)psychologicalresearcher,foundthatinfantswhowereinaninstitutionalorphanageafterWorldWarIIrefusedtoeatandeventuallydied24theyweren’theldbytheircaretakers.Childrenhaveaninnateneed25(hold)andcomforted.Ifthoseneedsaren’tmet,thenevenveryyoungchildrencanfailtothriveandmaybecomesickanddie.Approximately1%ofpreschoolersexperiencedepression;theyoftenhavegreatdifficultyexpressingtheirfeelings,becausenotalloftheirlanguageskills26(develop)sufficiently.Insteadofexpressingtheirfeelingsinlanguage,thedepressedpreschoolchildrenarelikelytoshowemotionsbyexhibitingsignificantlyaggressive,fearful,orcryingbehavior.27mostpreschoolchildrenmaygetangryifthey’rehungry,sleepy,afraid28theirparentsgoaway,orfailtogetDaddytobuythemthelatesttoys,thesebehaviorsareoftencarriedtoextremesofintensityandfrequencyindepressedchildren.Althoughadiagnosisofclinicaldepressionisrareinpreschoolchildren,therearetimeswhenitisappropriate.Inmostcases,thechildwho29(experience)significantfrustrationsresultingfromthedeathorabsenceofaparent,haswitnessedorbeenvictimsofviolence,orhashadasignificanthealthproblem300hasinterruptednormalemotionalorphysicaldevelopment.Ifindpreschoolchildrentobemoreresilient(适应力强的)thanolderchildrenindealingwiththeseevents,aslongastheyhaveasupportiveparentandreceivetimelytreatment.答案：2024届上海市闵行区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷21.Eventhough/Evenif 22.an 23.which 24.hadbeencleared 25.trainedtoidentify 27.ones 28.from 29.checking 30.whether/if【导读】这篇文章介绍了一种用人工智能辨识热带雨林中动物叫声的新方法，以此作为评估生物多样性的指标。这种方法比传统方法更快速、准确，并且可以在更广泛的应用场景中发挥作用。同时，文章也提到了该方法在森林恢复项目监测方面的应用价值。【解析】Eventhough/Evenif此处考察连词的用法，表示转折关系。"Eventhough"和"Evenif"都可以表示"即使"的意思，符合语境。an此处考察冠词的用法，用于修饰"expertpairofears"，表示需要一对专家的耳朵。由于"expert"是以元音音素开头的单词，所以需要填入"an"。which此处考察关系代词的用法，与前半句话构成定语从句，修饰"Smartphoneapps"。"Which"在此处表示"通过这些应用程序"。hadbeencleared此处考察过去完成时的用法，表示动作在过去某一时间完成。"hadbeencleared"符合语境，表示这些地区已经被砍伐清除。trained此处考察过去分词的用法，用于修饰"AImodels"。由于这里是"fed...totrainAImodels"的被动语态形式，所以需要用过去分词形式。"Trained"表示这些模型已经接受了训练。toidentify此处考察不定式的用法，用于表示后面的动作是目的。"DNAanalysis"是对昆虫进行鉴定的手段，因此需要填入"toidentify"。nes此处考察代词的用法，指代之前提到的"quieter"，即没有发出声音的生物。因为这里需要代替"quieter"，所以需要填入复数形式的"ones"。from此处考察介词的用法，表示压力的来源。"From"符合语境，表示这些公司感受到了来自顾客的压力。checking此处考察动名词的用法，表示正在进行的动作，作为"approachto"的宾语。"Checking"表示检查或监测这些森林恢复项目的进展。whether/if此处考察连词的用法，引导一个宾语从句。"Whether"或者"if"都可以表示"是否"的意思，这里表示对这些项目的有效性和其赞助商所说的一样。2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期学业质量调研一模英语试卷【答案】21.ishappening22.which23.iswasted24.can25.suchas26.those27.While/When28.toeat29.hoping30.whether/if/what/where【导读】文章大意:本文讲述了美国作为一个富裕国家，许多美国人每天都在努力为自己摆上健康食物甚至任何食物。然而，事实并非如此。美国拥有足够的食物供应，但每天有40%的食物被浪费掉。导致食物浪费的原因有很多，包括农民只选择外观最好的农作物，送货不准时，超市扔掉多余的产品，顾客购买超过需求的食物等等。【解析】ishappening：根据句子结构和上下文，此处表示现在进行时，即“正在发生”，故填ishappening。which：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用定语从句中的连词which来引导关系从句，指代前文提到的“40%的食物”，故填which。iswasted：根据句子结构和上下文，此处需要使用被动语态，表示“被浪费”，且主语是“food”，故填iswasted。can：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用情态动词can，表示“能够”，强调穷人和农村地区经常无法支付健康食品的价格，故填can。suchas：此处需要使用介词短语“suchas”，表示“例如”，用来列举健康食品的例子，故填suchas。those：根据上下文，表示“那些”没有足够食物的人，故填those。While/When：根据句意，此处需要使用时间状语从句的连词，表示“当…的时候”，可填While或When。toeat：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用不定式作后置定语，表示“吃的东西”，故填toeat。hoping：根据句意，此处表示希望通过FreshHub帮助那些没有足够食物的人，故填hoping，表示“希望”。whether/if/what/where：根据句意和语法，此处需要使用宾语从句的引导词，表示“是否/如果/什么/哪里”，用来引导宾语从句，询问新鲜食品的可用性，故填whether/if/what/where。上海市松江区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷Forreference:1、tocome；monthstocome:在接下来的几个月2、which：定从缺主3、without：上文有withoutinterest.没有利息。4、that：表从不缺。最常见的“现在买，后面还”计划是：顾客做4期等额偿还，6周内还清即可。5、whose：定从缺定。6、can：主谓之间情态动词。7、those：代词。指代前文的manycustomers.8、appeared:since+过去的时点或动作，主句用现完。9、influencing：分词做状。10、though：根据句意，让步。2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷【答案】21.may 22.Inadditionto 23.beingrecognized 24.of 25.mined

26.providing 27.proposed 28.hadbeenestablished 29.which 30.themostdiverse【导读】这篇文章主要介绍了美国肯塔基州中部的马莫斯洞穴国家公园。该公园保护着历史悠久的石灰岩洞穴系统，被认定为世界遗产地。这些洞穴形成于石灰岩侵蚀过程中，保存了5000多年的人类历史，提供了关于美洲原住民的珍贵考古遗址。公园每年吸引数百万游客，提供丰富的自然和冒险体验，包括观光、攀爬和探险。【解析】21.may"estimate"后面需要接动词原形，故应填may。句意为：尽管这个石灰岩洞穴系统很大，公园官员估计可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探索。22.Inadditionto根据句意可以知道是想要表达除此之外的信息，因此选Inadditionto。句意为：这些未被探索的通道之外，公园内还有超过200个洞穴与较大的洞穴系统没有关联。23.beingrecognized"recognized"作为过去分词修饰前面的"park"，表示公园被承认和认可，符合句意。句意为：这个令人难以置信的洞穴系统已经获得世界遗产地保护，这归功于其非凡的大小和科学重要性，这使它成为美国仅有的13个拥有该称号的自然景观之一。24.of"significance"后面需要接介词"of"，表示"历史意义"。句意为：这些洞穴不仅是一个令人惊叹的旅游目的地，而且还为大约40%的美国人口提供饮用水-它们也具有历史意义。25.mined"NativeAmericans"是主语，"mine"是谓语动词，表示开采、挖掘，符合句意。句意为：这些洞穴作为一个时间胶囊，保存着5000多年的人类历史-洞穴的第一批探险者是美国土著，他们开采了MammothCave的上层。26.providing"providing"作为现在分词，用来引导非限制性定语从句，修饰"atmosphere"，表示提供了有趣的考古证据。句意为：由于洞穴系统的大气环境和自然保护，这些考古遗址状态保存良好，已经发现了几组美国土著的遗骸，提供了有趣的考古证据。27.proposed"proposed"作为过去分词，修饰前面的"parksites"，表示调查提议公园的地点，符合句意。句意为：20世纪20年代，内务部长休伯特•沃克创建了南阿巴拉契亚国家公园委员会，于1925年进行了勘测和提议公园的地点，包括这些洞穴。28.hadbeenestablished"established"作为过去分词，修饰"tourroutes"，需要用过去完成时态，表示在过去某一时间已经建立了这些路线。句意为：先驱性的非裔美国人是最早的洞穴向导，他们发现了一些近期被发现的通道-史蒂芬·毕晓普是一名奴隶，从1838年到1856年在洞穴中工作，并越过了一个称为“无底洞”的可怕峭壁，探索了地图未标明的地下区域。虽然当时没有得到承认，但像毕晓普这样的先驱帮助引发了洞穴探险的黄金时代。29.which"which"引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面提到的"eyelesscavefish"，起进一步解释说明作用。句意为：这个洞穴支持130多种野生动物物种，如眼盲洞穴鱼，它们适应了无光环境而不再生长眼睛，还有洞穴小龙虾等。30.themostdiverse"themost