2023学年完整公开课版宾语从句

宾语从句

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。了解宾语从句宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句一什么是宾语从句？试比较不同引导词引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句

由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句一、宾语从句的引导词1.由that引导的宾语从句（从句为陈述句）

由that引导的宾语从句常作动词say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等的宾语。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词义，在口语中常可省略。如：Hetoldme(that)hewouldgotocollegethenextyear.他告诉我他下一年上大学。Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)（地球围着太阳转）

___________________________.

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句(1)whether/if引导的宾语从句表示不确定的语气，意为“是否……”，在从句中不作句子成分。一般情况下，whether和if可以互换。如：Nobodyknewwhether/ifhecouldpasstheexam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试。Iwanttoknow_________________________——————.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow_____________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot三、宾语从句的时态1.从句的时态受主句的限制：Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.

Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.

Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.

Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。

Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’an.

Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.

Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.

Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。2.当从句是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。HetoldmethatJapanisanislandcountry.他告诉我日本是一个岛国。Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.

把下列每组句子改为含宾语从句的复合句，每空一词。1.Hesaid,“IhavebeentoAmerica”. Hesaid_____________toAmerica.2.Isthereahotelnearhere?Doyou know? Doyouknow________________a hotelnearhere?thathehadbeenif/whetherthereis3.“Theearthmovesaroundthesun”,ourEnglishteachertoldus. OurEnglishteachertoldusthattheearth____________thesun.movesaround宾语从句练习题1.Doyouknow____duringthecomingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdo

B.whatdidTomdo

C.whatTomwilldo

D.whatTomdid

2.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whatishisname

B.what’shisname

C.thathisnameis

D.whathisnameis

3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.that

B.whether

C.what

D.which

4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseum

B.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseum

D.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?

A.that

B.whose

C.who

D.which

6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.

A.whendoeshissoncomehome

B.whenhissoncomeshome

C.whendidhissoncomehome

D.whenhissoncamehome

7.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?

A.howdoeshemend

B.howhemends

C.howhemended

D.howdidhemend

8.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow____itwillarrive?

---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.

A.how

B.where

C.when

D.what9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?

---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.

A.howwecangettothepostoffice

B.howcanwegettothepostoffice

C.howgettothepostoffice

D.howcouldwegettothepostoffice

10.---CanIhelpyou?

---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?

A.howsoonwillit

B.howsoonitwill

C.howlongitwill

D.howlongwillit

11.Hewantedtoknow___________.

A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting

B.whenthemeetingwouldstart

C.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeeting

D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld

12.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?

---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.

A.whenwillyouvisit

B.whenyouwillvisit

C.whenwouldyouvisit

D.whenyouwouldvisit13.Wouldyoupleasetellme________next,Mr.Wang?

A.whatshouldwedo

B.weshoulddowhat

C.whatweshoulddo

D.shouldwedowhat

14.Youcan’timagine_____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcited

B.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedwerethey

D.theywerehowexcited

15.Iwanttoknow_____youwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.whether16.---Couldyoutellme____________?

---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.

A.whatdoeshesayatthemeeting

B.whatdidhesayatthemeeting

C.whathesaysatthemeeting

D.whathesaidatthemeeting

17.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?

---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.

A.whatyouweredoing

B.whatwereyoudoing

C.whatyouaredoing

D.whatareyoudoing18.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs

B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers

D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted

19.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif____theirtemperaturetaken.

A.theyhadhad

B.havetheyhad

C.theyhavehad

D.hadtheyhad

20.It’suptoyoutodecide____you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.

A.how

B.why

C.that

D.when把下列每组句子改为含宾语从句的复合句，每空一词。1.Hesaid,“IhavebeentoAmerica”. Hesaid_____________toAmerica.2.Isthereahotelnearhere?Doyou know? Doyouknow________________a hotelnearhere?thathehadbeenif/whetherthereis3.Whatsportdoyoulikebest?Couldyoupleasetellme? Couldyoupleasetellme_____________________?4.“Theearthmovesaroundthesun”,ourEnglishteachertoldus. OurEnglishteachertoldusthattheearth____________thesun.movesaroundwhatsportyoulikebest5.Idon’tknow.Whereisthepostoffice?（合并）6.Canyoutellme?WhywasSusanlateyesterday?（合并）Idon’tknowwherethepostofficeis.CanyoutellmewhySusanwaslateyesterday?7.Iwanttoknow.Aretheregoodmovies?（合并）8.Couldyoutellme?Whendidhestartplayingfootball?（合并）Iwanttoknowiftherearegoodmovies.Couldyoutellmewhenhestartedplayingfootball.9.Wedon’tknow.Wherecanwebuyastamp?(合并)10.Couldyoutellme?Whereistheteashop?（合并）Wedon’tknowwherewecanbuyastamp.Couldyoutellmewheretheteashopis?11.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.（同义句）12.Thestudentsdidn’tknowhowtheycouldworkouttheproblem.（同义句）Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Thestudentsdidn’tknowhowtoworkouttheproblem.再见注意2：that引导的宾语从句作think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等动词的宾语且主语为第一人称时时，从句的否定词要转移到主句中来。如：Idon’tthink(that)hewillcome.我认为他不会来。动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时，否定不转移。Ithoughtthathewouldn’tcomebacksoon.

我原以为他不会回来得这么快。Hethinksthatheisn’tfitforthejob.

他认为他不适合这件工作。注意3：如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?

我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?

我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?但在下列情况下只能用whether：①在具有选择意义，直接与ornot连用时，往往用whether.Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome.比较：Letmeknowif/whether

hewillcomeornot.

②在介词之后用whetherI’minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain．3.由疑问词引导的宾语从句（特殊疑问句）

连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导宾语从句时，在句中既有连接从句的作用，又充当了一定的成分。如：Idon’tknowwherehelives.(where作地点状语)我不知道他住在哪儿。二、宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。Theywantedtoknowwhattheycoulddoforus.他们想知道他们能为我们做些什么。HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSea.他问我是否在阅读《老人与海》。HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.他告诉我他已经把开会的事给玛丽说了。四、宾语从句的标点符号：

宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。

Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?

Pleasetellmewhatcoloryoulikebest.

Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?五、宾语从句的简化：

（一）改为不定式：

1.改为"V+不定式短语"。当主语谓语动词是hope,agree,choose,wish,decide,promise等动词时，且主句和从句的主语相同，可进行这种转换。它们既可接宾语从句，又可接动词不定式短语。例如：

Hehopesthathewillbebackverysoon.→He