【英语】云南省楚雄州2023-2024学年高三上学期期中教育学业质量监测试题(解析版)

云南省楚雄州2023—2024学年高三上学期期中教育学业质量监测英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATocelebratetheThanksgivingDay,there’realotofthingstoexperienceintheRiverCityRichmondinthestateofVirginia.HolidayLightShowThere’safeastofLED-lightdisplaysattheHolidayLightShow,throughNewYear’sEveattheRichmondRacewayComplex.Itcelebratesdiverseholidaytraditions.There’saboutamileoflights,andittakesjustunderahalfhourtoridethrough.Itopensat5pmeachnight,andadmissioninadvanceis$25percarload,or$62.50forunlimitedadmissions.GoodBurgerMarket“WelcometoGoodBurger,homeoftheGoodBurger.CanItakeyourorder?”Thatlinefromthe1997filmGoodBurgerbringsusafeelingofnostalgia(怀旧).TheupcomingshoppingeventonNovember26,GoodBurgerMarket,isfromtheideaofthefunnyfilm,fromnoonto5pm,whenCobbleStoreVintageandLastPickVintagewillhosttheGoodBurgerMarket,featuringlocalvendors(小贩),livetunesandburgers.ModelRailroadShowThe45thannualModelRailroadShowrollsbackintotheScienceMuseumofVirginiafortheweekend.Thisyear’sshowfeaturestraindisplays,steamenginedisplays,alivetrainsceneandridesontheTeddyBearExpress,trackingthetechnologicalfootprint.Entrytotheshowisincludedwithageneraladmissionticket,butregistrationisrequiredfrom9:30amto4:15pmonNovember25,26and27.Ticketpricesvary.SymphonyPopsConcertKickofftheholidayseasonwiththeSymphonyPopsConcert“LetItSnow”onNovember26and27attheCarpenterTheatre.Thesymphonywillperformholidayclassicsandsongs.Beforetheconcert,bringthekidstothe“CocoawithJackFrost&theSnowQueen”event.There’llalsobecookiedecorating,crafts,andgames.Concertticketsare$10-$85,andticketsforthe“CocoawithJackFrost&theSnowQueen”eventare$31-$35.1.Howwillthevisitorsexperiencetheholidaylightshow?A.Bywalking. B.Byboat. C.Byhelicopter. D.Bycar.2.Whichofthefollowingeventsisinspiredbyacomedy?A.HolidayLightShow. B.GoodBurgerMarket.C.ModelRailroadShow. D.SymphonyPopsConcert.3.Wherecanvisitorshaveaccesstotechnology-focuseddisplays?A.AttheRichmondRacewayComplex. B.AtCobbleStoreVintage.C.AttheVirginiaMuseum. D.AttheCarpenterTheatre.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了弗吉尼亚州里士满市的庆祝感恩节的活动。【答案】1.D2.B3.C1．【解析】细节理解题。根据HolidayLightShow部分的“There’saboutamileoflights,andittakesjustunderahalfhourtoridethrough.Itopensat5pmeachnight,andadmissioninadvanceis$25percarload,or$62.50forunlimitedadmissions.(那里有大约一英里的灯光，骑行不到半小时就能穿过。它每晚下午5点开放，每辆车的入场费为25美元，不限次数的入场费为62.50美元。)”可知，这里的灯光只需不到半小时的车程就能看完。如果提前入场的话，每辆车的门票为25美元。由此可知，该灯光秀适合乘车观赏。故选D。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据GoodBurgerMarket部分的“TheupcomingshoppingeventonNovember26,GoodBurgerMarket,isfromtheideaofthefunnyfilm,fromnoonto5pm,whenCobbleStoreVintageandLastPickVintagewillhosttheGoodBurgerMarket,featuringlocalvendors(小贩),livetunesandburgers.(即将在11月26日举行的购物活动“好汉堡市场”(GoodBurgerMarket)的灵感来自于一部搞笑电影，从中午到下午5点，鹅卵石商店Vintage和LastPickVintage将举办“好汉堡市场”，以当地小贩、现场音乐和汉堡为特色。)”可知，GoodBurgerMarket的创意源于一部有趣的电影。故选B。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据ModelRailroadShow部分的“The45thannualModelRailroadShowrollsbackintotheScienceMuseumofVirginiafortheweekend.Thisyear’sshowfeaturestraindisplays,steamenginedisplays,alivetrainsceneandridesontheTeddyBearExpress,trackingthetechnologicalfootprint.(第45届年度铁路模型展将于周末在弗吉尼亚州科学博物馆举行。今年的展览以火车、蒸汽机、火车现场和乘坐泰迪熊快车为特色，追踪科技的足迹。)”可知，该展会设有火车展示、蒸汽机展示、现场火车表演和泰迪熊特快列车乘坐等项目，游客可以在VirginiaMuseum追踪技术的发展足迹。故选C。BThestandswerealwaysfilledwithfamilymemberstosupporttheirfavoriteplayers.Iattendedeachofmyson’sgames.Hisfatherworkednightsforyears,andmissedoutonmostofhisgames.MysonJordenknewifhisdadcould,hewouldbetheresittingrightbesideme.WhenJordenwasyounger,somefamilymemberswouldoccasionallycometowatch.Butgraduallytheystoppedshowingup.NeveroncedidJordenleadmetobelievethatthisbotheredhim,butapparentlyitdid.Itwasn’tuntilwhenhewasaskedtogiveaspeechathisbaseballeventthathemadeitveryclearnotonlytomebutaroomfilledwithover150peoplejusthowimportantitistohaveextrafansinthestands.HisspeechwasanythingbutlikeIthoughtitwouldbe.Itwasn’tshortandbittersweet.Itwasn’thisquickthankyoutohiscoachesandteammates.Hepouredhisheartout,sayingheseldomhadgrandparents,auntsorunclescomingtosupporthim.Hewasgratefulthathisteammates’familymembersshoweduptosupportnotjusttheirownlovedonesbuttheentireteamofboys.ClearlyJordendesiredmorethanjustme.NeverdidIeverthinkmysonwouldbehurtinginsideashelookedouttothebleacherstoseeonlymeateachandeverygame.Ashestruggledtogeteachwordoutthroughtears,IpromisedIwouldattendasmanyeventsofthechildrenaroundasIpossiblycould.TherewasnowayIcouldallowanotherchildtofeelwhatmysonwasfeeling.Thissmallsimplegesturewouldmeansomuchtoanychild.NeitherJordennorIwasupsetwiththosewhoneverattendedhisgames.Jordenjustwantedsomeoneelsebesidesmetowitnesshiscraftinaction.Iunderstandallofourlivesbecomecomplicatedandthateveryoneisbusywiththeirownchildrenandjobsthatmaynotallowthemasmuchfreetimeasthey’dlike.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJorden’sfather?A.HehadlongbeenmisunderstoodbyJorden.B.HehadfewchancestoattendJorden’sgames.C.HemanagedtobewithJordenineverygame.D.HehadmadeexcusestomissJorden’sgames.5.WhatwasJorden’sspeechabout?A.Hisambitiontowinthechampionship.B.Hisgratitudetohismotherandcoaches.C.Hiscomplaintabouthisfamilymembers.D.Hisdesireforsupportfrommorepeople.6.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofJorden’sspeech?A.Depressing. B.Complicated. C.Astonishing. D.Absurd.7.HowdidtheauthorrespondtoJorden’sspeech?A.Shetriedtobeactivelyinvolvedinchildren’sgames.B.Shepromisednottomissoutongamesofeverychild.C.SheofferedtoinvitemanyrelativestoJorden’sgames.D.ShedecidedtoleadJordentotrusthisfamilymembers.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一开始经常缺席儿子的比赛，直到一次儿子在演讲中吐露心声后，作者决定试图积极参与孩子们的比赛的故事。【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A4．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thestandswerealwaysfilledwithfamilymemberstosupporttheirfavoriteplayers.Iattendedeachofmyson’sgames.Hisfatherworkednightsforyears,andmissedoutonmostofhisgames.MysonJordenknewifhisdadcould,hewouldbetheresittingrightbesideme.”（看台上总是坐满了支持他们最喜欢的球员的家庭成员。我儿子的每场比赛我都去看了。他的父亲常年上夜班，错过了他的大部分比赛。我的儿子乔登知道，如果他爸爸可以，他会坐在我身边。）可知，乔登的父亲很少有机会观看乔登的比赛。故选B项。5．【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Itwasn’tuntilwhenhewasaskedtogiveaspeechathisbaseballeventthathemadeitveryclearnotonlytomebutaroomfilledwithover150peoplejusthowimportantitistohaveextrafansinthestands.”（乔登从来没有让我相信这让他感到困扰，但显然他确实感到困扰。直到他被邀请在他的棒球活动上发表演讲时，他才向我，也向一个坐满150多人的房间清楚地表明，看台上有更多的球迷是多么重要。）可推知，从乔登的演讲中我们能了解到他渴望得到更多人的支持。故选D项。6．【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“HisspeechwasanythingbutlikeIthoughtitwouldbe.Itwasn’tshortandbittersweet.Itwasn’thisquickthankyoutohiscoachesandteammates.Hepouredhisheartout,sayingheseldomhadgrandparents,auntsorunclescomingtosupporthim.Hewasgratefulthathisteammates’familymembersshoweduptosupportnotjusttheirownlovedonesbuttheentireteamofboys.ClearlyJordendesiredmorethanjustme.”（他的演讲完全不像我想象的那样。它并不短暂，也不是苦乐参半。这不是他对教练和队友的快速感谢。他倾吐心声，说他很少有祖父母、阿姨或叔叔来支持他。他很感激队友的家人不仅支持自己的亲人，还支持整个球队。显然乔登想要的不只是我。）可推知，作者认为乔登的演讲是令人吃惊的。故选C项。7．【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ashestruggledtogeteachwordoutthroughtears,IpromisedIwouldattendasmanyeventsofthechildrenaroundasIpossiblycould.TherewasnowayIcouldallowanotherchildtofeelwhatmysonwasfeeling.Thissmallsimplegesturewouldmeansomuchtoanychild.”（当他含泪挣扎着说出每一个字时，我向他保证，我会尽可能多地参加周围孩子们的活动。我不可能让另一个孩子感受我儿子的感受。这个简单的举动对任何一个孩子来说都意义重大。）可知，对于乔登的演讲，作者决定试图积极参与孩子们的比赛。故选A项。CHumanshavemadetheworldlessfriendlytobirdsinmanyways.Oneobviousexampleofthiscanbefoundinmetalspikes(尖刺),oranti-birdspikesinbuildingstopreventbirdsfromlandingandevennesting.However,ahandfulofbirdshavestruckback.Auke-FlorianHiemstra,abiologistresearchinganimalarchitectureattheNaturalisBiodiversityCenterinLeiden,Netherlands,studieshowwildanimalsusematerialsmadebyhumans.Hehasseenneststhatincludesomeunusualmaterials—thingslikeplasticflowersandsunglasses.Buthewassurprisedwhenseeingapictureofamagpie(喜鹊)nest,thetopofwhichhadanti-birdspikes.Researchershadlearnedthatthesmartspecies,magpiesandcrows(乌鸦),werestealinganti-birdspikesasanest-buildingmaterial.Thetwospeciesappearedtousetheanti-birdspikesinslightlydifferentways.Forthecrows,thespikesseemedpurelystructural,amaterialusedtofashionasolidfoundation.Butforthemagpies,therewasanadditionallayerofintention:Theyappearedtousethespikeslikehumansdo-roundedcoveringovertheirneststokeepotherbirdsfromlanding.Onerecentstudyreportedthatnestswithman-madematerialshavebeenfoundallovertheworldandthattheman-madematerialsincludeallkindsofman-madematerials,includingknittingneedles,candywrappers,spikywires,andcigaretteends.Althoughmagpiesandcrowshaven’tbeendocumenteddoingthis,otherbirdshave.Scientistsaren’tsureifbirdsareusingartificialmaterialsbecausethey’rebetter,orsimplybecausethey’reeasytofind.Whatisnoteworthyisthathuman-madematerialsinbirdnestscancauseinjuries.Forexample,anti-birdnetting,oftenplacedovergardenplots,isknowntobedangerousforbirds,whichoftenendupbeingentangledinit.ForHiemstra,whilethenewdiscoveriesarefascinating,healsohighlightsabroaderissue:theunfortunatepopularityofanti-birdspikes.“It’skindofsadtokeepfightingagainstnatureinsteadofacceptingitaspartofthecity,”hesaid.8.WhywasHiemstrasurprisedwhenseeingthephotoofamagpienest?A.Amagpiedecorateditsnestwithplasticflowers.B.Magpiesandcrowsareasintelligentashumans.C.Magpiesandcrowscooperatedtobuildthenests.D.Themagpienestwasequippedwithmetalspikes.9.Howdomagpiesandcrowsdifferfromeachotherinusinganti-birdspikes?A.Crowsusethemforfashion.B.Magpiesusethemfordefence.C.Crowsusethemtokeepoffotherspecies.D.Magpiesusethemtostrengthenthenests.10.Whatdoestheunderlineword“entangled”inparagraph4mean?A.Discovered. B.Frightened. C.Released. D.Trapped.11.WhatdoesHiemstraintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Supportbirds’usingman-madematerials.B.Acceptanti-birdspikesaspartofthecity.C.Disapproveofhumans’usinganti-birdspikes.D.Stressthepopularityofanti-birdspikesinbirds.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类在很多方面使这个世界对鸟类不那么友好了。一个明显的例子是金属钉，或者建筑物上的防鸟钉，以防止鸟类降落甚至筑巢。【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C8．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Buthewassurprisedwhenseeingapictureofamagpie(喜鹊)nest,thetopofwhichhadanti-birdspikes.”（但当他看到一张喜鹊巢的照片时，他感到很惊讶，喜鹊巢的顶部有防鸟刺。）可知，海姆斯特拉在看到喜鹊窝的照片时感到惊讶是因为喜鹊巢上装有防鸟刺。故选D项。9．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thetwospeciesappearedtousetheanti-birdspikesinslightlydifferentways.Forthecrows,thespikesseemedpurelystructural,amaterialusedtofashionasolidfoundation.Butforthemagpies,therewasanadditionallayerofintention:Theyappearedtousethespikeslikehumansdo-roundedcoveringovertheirneststokeepotherbirdsfromlanding.”（这两个物种使用防鸟刺的方式似乎略有不同。对乌鸦来说，尖刺似乎纯粹是结构性的，是一种用来打造坚实基础的材料。但对于喜鹊来说，还有另一层意图:它们似乎像人类一样使用尖刺——圆形的覆盖物覆盖在它们的巢穴上，防止其他鸟类降落。）可知，喜鹊和乌鸦在使用防鸟刺方面的不同之处是喜鹊用它们来防御。故选B项。10．【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Whatisnoteworthyisthathuman-madematerialsinbirdnestscancauseinjuries.”（值得注意的是，筑巢的人造材料会造成伤害。）以及划线单词句中“Forexample,anti-birdnetting,oftenplacedovergardenplots,isknowntobedangerousforbirds”（例如，防鸟网，通常放置在花园地块上，已知对鸟类是危险的）由此可知，此处应为它们经常被缠住。故可猜测划线单词entangled为“缠住”的意思，结合选项D项Trapped“被困”意思一致。故选D项。11．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ForHiemstra,whilethenewdiscoveriesarefascinating,healsohighlightsabroaderissue:theunfortunatepopularityofanti-birdspikes.“It’skindofsadtokeepfightingagainstnatureinsteadofacceptingitaspartofthecity,”hesaid.”（对希姆斯特拉来说，虽然这些新发现令人着迷，但他也强调了一个更广泛的问题：防鸟钉的不幸流行。他说：“不断与自然抗争，而不是接受它作为城市的一部分，这有点可悲。”）可推知，希姆斯特拉在最后一段想表达不赞成人类使用防鸟钉。故选C项。DItisreportedthatabout14percentofAmericansagedover12havetroubleinhearing.Andhearinglossincreasesdramaticallyto50percentormoreforthoseagedover70.Itoftencomesonsograduallythatmanyignoreit.Onlyanestimated15to25percentofadultswouldusehearingaids,andtheuseislowestamongpeoplewhohavelessaccesstohealthcare.However,recentresearchhasrevealedthatevenmildormoderatehearinglossinolderadultsisassociatedwithcognitive(认知的)decline.Olderadultswithhearinglossaremorelikelytodevelopdementia(痴呆),andthelikelihoodincreaseswiththeseverityoftheloss.InJuly,FrankR.Lin,aprofessorfromJohnsHopkinsUniversity,presentedresultsfromafirst-of-its-kindrandomizedclinicaltrial.Participantsare977adultsagedbetween70and84,includingthosewhohavemoreriskfactorsfordevelopingdementiaandthosewhoarerelativelyhealthy.Theyreceivedbest-practicehearingcare,includinghearingaids.Threeyearslater,hearingaidsdidmakeadifferencetotheparticipantsincognitivedecline.Especiallyforthosewhowereatthehigherriskfordementia,a48percentcutinriskofcognitivedeclinecouldbemadeiftheygothearingaids.Whenhearinglossisuntreated,thebrain’sorganizationchanges,saysAnuSharma,anauditoryneuroscientistoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Inadultswithmildhearingloss,studiesshowadecreaseingraymatter(灰质)inbrain.Sharmafoundearlysignsthatvisionandtouchareasofthebraincoverandchangeunderusedhearingareas.Adultswithhearinglossalsoshowmoreactivityinworkingmemoryareas.Theyneedtomakeextraeffortsjusttolisten,Sharmasays,whichmayexhaustcognitivereserves.Hearinglossisalsoassociatedwithmorefalls,higherhealth-carecosts,andincreasedlonelinessandsocialisolation.“Hearingisfundamentaltohealthyaging,”saysNicholasReed,whoworkedwithFrankR.Linonthecognitive-declinestudy.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthefiguresinthefirstparagraph?A.Americanspayspecialattentiontotheirhearing.B.Americansareunawareofdangerofhearingloss.C.ManyAmericanswithhearinglossstayuntreated.D.MostAmericansaresufferingserioushearingloss.13.WhatdidFrankR.Lin’sclinicaltrialreveal?A.Hearingaidshelpedreducecognitivedecline.B.Hearingaidsworkedonhealthypeople.C.Cognitivedeclinecouldresultinhearingloss.D.Cognitivedeclinewasunrelatedtoage.14.Whatisparagraph4centredon?A.Whatsignwillappearbeforelosinghearing.B.Howhearinglossimpactscognitivedecline.C.Whyhearinglossisleftuntreatedbypeople.D.Howourbraindiscouragescognitivedecline.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hearingloss—anewfactorconnectedwithdementiaB.Cognitivedecline,causedbymorethanhearinglossC.Dementia—anincurablebutpreventablediseaseD.Hearingloss,havinglimitedaccesstohealthcare【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明，老年人的听力损失与认知能力下降有关。有听力损失的老年人更容易患痴呆症，而且这种可能性随着听力损失的严重程度而增加。【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.A12．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itisreportedthatabout14percentofAmericansagedover12havetroubleinhearing.Andhearinglossincreasesdramaticallyto50percentormoreforthoseagedover70.Itoftencomesonsograduallythatmanyignoreit.Onlyanestimated15to25percentofadultswouldusehearingaids,andtheuseislowestamongpeoplewhohavelessaccesstohealthcare.”（据报道，大约14%的12岁以上的美国人有听力障碍。对于70岁以上的人来说，听力损失会急剧增加到50%或更多。它的发生往往是如此缓慢，以至于许多人都忽略了它。据估计，只有15%到25%的成年人会使用助听器，而在获得医疗保健机会较少的人群中，助听器的使用率最低。）可推知，我们可以从第一段的数字中了解到许多听力受损的美国人没有得到治疗。故选C项。13．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Threeyearslater,hearingaidsdidmakeadifferencetotheparticipantsincognitivedecline.Especiallyforthosewhowereatthehigherriskfordementia,a48percentcutinriskofcognitivedeclinecouldbemadeiftheygothearingaids.”（三年后，助听器确实对认知衰退的参与者产生了影响。特别是对于那些患痴呆症的风险较高的人来说，如果他们戴上助听器，认知能力下降的风险可以降低48%。）可知，FrankR.Lin的临床试验揭示了助听器有助于减少认知能力下降。故选A项。14．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Whenhearinglossisuntreated,thebrain’sorganizationchanges,saysAnuSharma,anauditoryneuroscientistoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Inadultswithmildhearingloss,studiesshowadecreaseingraymatterinbrain.Sharmafoundearlysignsthatvisionandtouchareasofthebraincoverandchangeunderusedhearingareas.Adultswithhearinglossalsoshowmoreactivityinworkingmemoryareas.Theyneedtomakeextraeffortsjusttolisten,Sharmasays,whichmayexhaustcognitivereserves.”（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校(UniversityofColoradoBoulder)的听觉神经科学家阿努·夏尔马(AnuSharma)说，如果听力损失得不到治疗，大脑的组织就会发生变化。在轻度听力损失的成年人中，研究表明大脑灰质减少。夏尔马发现早期迹象表明，大脑的视觉和触觉区域覆盖并改变了未充分利用的听觉区域。患有听力损失的成年人在工作记忆区域也表现出更多的活动。他们需要付出额外的努力来倾听，Sharma说，这可能会耗尽认知储备。）可知，第4段的重点讲的是听力损失如何影响认知能力下降。故选B项。15．【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“However,recentresearchhasrevealedthatevenmildormoderatehearinglossinolderadultsisassociatedwithcognitive(认知的)decline.Olderadultswithhearinglossaremorelikelytodevelopdementia(痴呆),andthelikelihoodincreaseswiththeseverityoftheloss.”（然而，最近的研究表明，即使是老年人轻度或中度的听力损失也与认知能力下降有关。有听力损失的老年人更容易患痴呆症，而且这种可能性随着听力损失的严重程度而增加。）可知，文章主要讲的研究表明，老年人的听力损失与认知能力下降有关。有听力损失的老年人更容易患痴呆症，而且这种可能性随着听力损失的严重程度而增加。故文章的标题是“听力损失——与痴呆有关的新因素”。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thelongerweuseoureverydayhouseholditems,themoretheywillgetwornoutorthedirtiertheywillappear.Herearedifferentwaystohelpcleanorrestoredifferentantiqueitemsinourlife.Mostpeoplearehesitanttowashwoodenfurniture,buttherearereallyeffectivewaysyoucancleanupdirtandoilysubstancesandgetsmellsoutfromit.Washthewoodwithwarm,soapywaterandabrushtogetintoallthecorners.Then,cleanthesurfacewithatoweltoabsorbextrawater.____16____Glassbottles,especiallythosewithnarrownecks,arehardtocleanbecauseofrestrictedaccesstotheinside.____17____Pouritintothebottleandaddvinegar.Coverthemouthwithyourhandandshakehardtocleantheglass.Repeatasmanytimesasneededuntilthebottleshines.Washwithwaterandturnupsidedowntoallowthebottletoairdry.Manypeopledon’twanttobebotheredwithpolishingthesilveritems.____18____Useasilverpolishtoremovedirtwithacloth.Fordetailedpieces,putthemintoasilvercleaner.Topreventsilveritemsfromdiscoloring,wraptheminplasticwrapiftheywon’tbeusedforalongtime.____19____Ifthebasketisjustdusty,runavacuum(真空吸尘器)withabrushattachmentoverittoclean.Ifthebasketissmelly,washitwithapipe.Onceclean,turnthebasketupsidedownandallowittodrypriortouse.Ifthemetalisrusty(生锈的),cleantherustedareaswithawirebrushtoremovetherust.Testthismethodinasmallareatomakesureitdoesn’tdamagethemetal.____20____Cleanitwithasoftclothandabsorbextraoilwithacleancloth.A.Letitdrypriortopaintingoruse.B.Butcleaningthemiseasierthanyouthink.C.Oneortwotimeswillgetthebottleclean.D.Itshouldn’thavebeenwashedinamachine.E.Createa“cleaningbrush”withuncookedrice.F.Antiquebasketsareoftendirtyfromregularuse.G.Bringtheshinebackbycoveringthesurfacewithoil.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了清洗或者使家里的陈旧物件恢复如新的多种方法。【答案】16.A17.E18.B19.F20.G16．【解析】根据上文“Then,cleanthesurfacewithatoweltoabsorbextrawater.(然后，用毛巾清洁表面以吸收多余的水分。)”可知，此处应介绍接下来的步骤。A项：Letitdrypriortopaintingoruse.(在喷漆或使用前让它干燥。)中的“Letitdry”承接上文中的“withatoweltoabsorbextrawater”这个步骤，符合语境。故选A。17．【解析】根据上文“Glassbottles,especiallythosewithnarrownecks,arehardtocleanbecauseofrestrictedaccesstotheinside.(玻璃瓶，特别是那些窄颈的瓶子，很难清洁，因为很难进入里面。)”及下文“Pouritintothebottleandaddvinegar.(把它倒进瓶子里，加醋。)”可知，此处是就如何清洁玻璃瓶内部提出的建议。E项：Createa“cleaningbrush”withuncookedrice.(用生米饭做一个“清洁刷”。)符合语境。下文中的“it”指代E项中的“uncookedrice”。故选E。18．【解析】根据上文“Manypeopledon’twanttobebotheredwithpolishingthesilveritems.(许多人不愿费心去打磨银器。)”和下文“Useasilverpolishtoremovedirtwithacloth.Fordetailedpieces,putthemintoasilvercleaner.(使用银色抛光剂用抹布去除污垢。对于精细的零件，将它们放入银色清洁剂中。)”可知，上文提出人们不愿意打磨银器，下文提到了具体的清理方法，由此可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明清理银饰实际上很容易。B项：Butcleaningthemiseasierthanyouthink.(但是，清理银器比你们想象的容易)符合语境。故选B。19．【解析】根据下文“Ifthebasketisjustdusty,runavacuum(真空吸尘器)withabrushattachmentoverittoclean.(如果篮子满是灰尘，那就用吸尘器在上面加一个毛刷来清洁。)”可知，空处应该引出旧篮子的话题。F项：Antiquebasketsareoftendirtyfromregularuse.(由于经常使用，旧篮子往往很脏。)符合语境。故选F。20．【解析】根据下文“Cleanitwithasoftclothandabsorbextraoilwithacleancloth.(用软布清洁，用干净的布吸收多余的油。)”可知，上文应该提到油。G项中的“coveringthesurfacewithoil.”和上文的“absorbextraoilwithacleancloth”对应。G项：Bringtheshinebackbycoveringthesurfacewithoil.(在表面上涂一层油，恢复光泽。)符合语境。故选G。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TenzingBodosawasawokenatmidnightbyasoundoutside.Hegotupandsawseveralwild____21____inhisfarm.Formanyfarmers,seeingsuchanimalsappearinthefarmis____22____.However,forBodosa,whoranalargeteafarminthestateofAssam,India,itmeanteverythingwasworking____23____.TheAsianelephantshasbeenlistedasa(n)____24____speciesbyInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureandtheirpopulationhas____25____byhalfinthepastdecadesforvariousreasons.Oneis____26____tothevastteafarms,whichelephantsregardaspartsoftheirforesthabitatsandtheirmigratoryroutesovercenturies.“Sadly,inIndia,____27____betweenhumansandwildelephantsoftenendup____28____,”saidBodosa.“Idecidedthattheremustbeawayforustolive____29____.”ThenBodosabegananaturalteafarmin2007.Tocreateanelephant-friendlyareaforelephants,Bodosaplantedorganicgrass,fruitsandtea.Healsoprovidedthemwitheasy_____30_____bymakingsuretherewerenofencesorother_____31_____torestrictwildelephants’movement.Gradually,histeafarm_____32_____otheranimals’visiting.Manyhumanvisitorsfollowed,too,andsomeevenvolunteeredhere.Bodosa’steafarmwas_____33_____as“theworld’sfirstelephant-friendlyteafarm”.Hehasalsotrainedmanyfarmersinorganicfarming.“Wehavetoworkhardto_____34_____thelivesofbothwildelephantsandhumans,”Bodosasaid.Theteafromsuchfarmsdoeshaveaneconomicaland_____35_____impactonAssam.21.A.strains B.elephants C.fields D.plants22.A.entertaining B.satisfying C.alarming D.embarrassing23.A.asusual B.bycontrast C.afterall D.inadvance24.A.primitive B.representative C.privileged D.endangered25.A.dropped B.risen C.doubled D.changed26.A.adapted B.connected C.compared D.exposed27.A.ranges B.differences C.encounters D.adventures28.A.awkward B.tragic C.humorous D.controversial29.A.publicly B.privately C.significantly D.harmoniously30.A.passages B.solutions C.assignments D.calculations31.A.criteria B.associations C.regulations D.barriers32.A.livedoff B.resultedfrom C.appealedto D.turneddown33.A.misread B.diagnosed C.imagined D.credited34.A.extend B.secure C.involve D.threaten35.A.ecological B.religious C.cultural D.negative【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了印度农民Bodosa的茶园是许多大象的栖息地，他们通过这种方式来保护大象。【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.D34.B35.A21．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他起床后看到农场里有几头野象。A.strains菌株；B.elephants大象；C.fields领域；D.plants植物。根据下文“TheAsianelephantshasbeenlistedasa(n)________species”提到大象，由此可知，此处应表示他起床后看到农场里有几头野象。故选B项。22．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于许多农民来说，看到这样的动物出现在农场是令人担忧的。A.entertaining使人愉快的；B.satisfying令人满意的；C.alarming令人担忧的；D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据下文的However转折以及“itmeanteverythingwasworking”一切都在运转，由此可推知，此处应表示看到这样的动物出现在农场是令人担忧的。故选C项。23．【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，对于在印度阿萨姆邦经营一家大型茶园的Bodosa来说，这意味着一切都像往常一样。A.asusual像往常一样；B.bycontrast相比之下；C.afterall毕竟；D.inadvance提前。根据上文提到的看到这样的动物出现在农场是令人担忧的，以及该句中的However转折，由此可推知，此处应表示这意味着一切都像往常一样。故选A项。24．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚洲象已被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种，在过去的几十年里，由于各种原因，亚洲象的数量减少了一半。A.primitive原始的；B.representative典型的，有代表性的；C.privileged荣幸的；D.endangered濒危的。根据下文“andtheirpopulationhas________byhalfinthepastdecadesforvariousreasons.”以及下文说的保护大象内容，可知，此处应表示亚洲象已被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种。故选D项。25．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚洲象已被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种，在过去的几十年里，由于各种原因，亚洲象的数量减少了一半。A.dropped下降；B.risen上升；C.doubled翻了一倍；D.changed改变。根据上文提到的亚洲象已被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种，以及下文“byhalfinthepastdecadesforvariousreasons.”由此可推知，此处应表示在过去的几十年里，由于各种原因，亚洲象的数量减少了一半。故选A项。26．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一条与广阔的茶园相连，几个世纪以来，大象将这里视为森林栖息地和迁徙路线的一部分。A.adapted适应；B.connected连接；C.compared比较；D.exposed暴露。根据下文“whichelephantsregardaspartsoftheirforesthabitatsandtheirmigratoryroutesovercenturies.”大象将这里视为森林栖息地和迁徙路线的一部分。由此可推知，此处应表示一条路线与广阔的茶园相连。故选B项。27．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，在印度，人类与野生大象的相遇往往以悲剧告终。A.ranges范围；B.differences差异；C.encounters偶遇；D.adventures冒险。根据句意以及下文“betweenhumansandwildelephantsoftenendup”由此可知，此处应表示人类与野生大象的相遇往往以悲剧告终。故选C项。28．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，在印度，人类与野生大象的相遇往往以悲剧告终。A.awkward难堪的；B.tragic悲剧的；C.humorous幽默的；D.controversial有争议的。根据上文“Sadly”以及下文说的保护大象内容，由此可知，此处应表示人类与野生大象的相遇往往以悲剧告终。故选B项。29．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我决定一定有一种方法让我们和谐地生活。A.publicly公开地；B.privately私下地；C.significantly意义重大地；D.harmoniously和谐地。根据上文提到的人类与野生大象的相遇往往以悲剧告终，以及下文“Tocreateanelephant-friendlyareaforelephants,Bodosaplantedorganicgrass,fruitsandtea.”保护大象的行动方法，由此可推知，此处应表示有一种方法让我们和谐地生活。故选D项。30．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还确保没有栅栏或其他障碍来限制野生大象的活动，为它们提供了方便的通道。A.passages过道；B.solutions解决方法；C.assignments任务；D.calculations计算。根据下文“bymakingsuretherewerenofencesorother_______torestrictwildelephants’movement.”确保没有栅栏来限制野生大象的活动，由此可知，此处应表示为它们提供了方便的通道。故选A项。31．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还确保没有栅栏或其他障碍来限制野生大象的活动，为它们提供了方便的通道。A.criteria标准；B.associations协会；C.regulations规则；D.barriers障碍。根据上文“therewerenofences”以及下文“torestrictwildelephants’movement.”可知，此处应表示确保没有栅栏或其他障碍来限制野生大象的活动。故选D项。32．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，他的茶园吸引了其他动物的参观。A.livedoff以……为生；B.resultedfrom导致；C.appealedto吸引；D.turneddown拒绝。根据下文“Manyhumanvisitorsfollowed,too,andsomeevenvolunteeredhere.”人类游客也也跟着来了，由此可推知，此处应表示他的茶园吸引了其他动物的参观。故选C项。33．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bodosa的茶场被誉为“世界上第一个对大象友好的茶场”。A.misread误读；B.diagnosed诊断；C.i