黑龙江省牡丹江市阳明区2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

2022—2023学年度牡丹江市第二高级中学高三第四次阶段性测试英语注意事项：1.本试卷分四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;主观题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.本试卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereistheman’sbrother?A.Athome.B.Inthehospital.C.Intheoffice.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Whoistheman?A.Thewoman’shusband.B.Thewoman’sboss.C.Thewoman’steacher.4.Whatisthegirlgoingtodonext?A.Gotoschool.B.Havebreakfast.C.Packherschoolbag.5.Whatwillthewomandoataboutteno’clock?A.Haveameeting.B.CallMr.Johnsonagain.C.GotoSiemens.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttofindatfirst?A.Afruitmarket.B.Asupermarket.C.Aparkingarea.7.Whereistheparkingarea?A.Behindthefruitmarket.B.Infrontofthesupermarket.C.Betweenthefruitmarketandthesupermarket.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanworryaboutherdaughter?A.Shedoesn’tgetalongwellwithher.B.Shefailedthecollegeentranceexam.C.Shedoesn’talwayshaveherownviews.9.Whatistheman’sopinionaboutteenagers’problem?A.Theyknownothing.B.Theydon’tliketheirparents.C.Theywanttobeindependent.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Acamp.B.Aphoto.C.Anadventure.11.Inwhataspectdoesthegirlhaveincommonwithherfather?A.Figure.B.Character.C.Appearance.12.Howdoesthegirlfeelwhentalkingaboutherfather?A.Proud.B.Angry.C.Worried.听第9段材料.回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inafastfoodrestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inastore.14.Whatisthewoman’sfavoritedrinknow?A.Orangejuice.B.Coffee.C.Pepsi-cola15.WhatisadvertisedbyBeckham?A.Thewoman’sglasses.B.Thewoman’sshoes.C.Theman’ssportsclothes.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.ThemanisabigfanofBeckham.B.Themanhashisownideasaboutfashion.C.Thewomanhasbeeninfluencedbyherfans.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoprobablyisthespeaker?A.Ateacher.B.Awriter.C.Acomputersalesman.18.WhatisBetterComputerSkillsabout?A.Howtousesoftware.B.HowtousetheInternet.C.Howtouseakeyboard.19.WhenwillthecoursebeheldonhowtousetheInternet?A.OnSept.5th.B.OnSept.8th.C.OnSept.12th.20.Howmanycoursesarethereinall?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGreatActivitiesforNatureLoversHikingOneoftheeasiestandmostaccessiblewaystogetclosetonatureisbysettingoutonagoodoldfashionedhike.Hikinggenerallydoesn’trequireanyfancyequipmentorspecialskills,justapieceofmapandathirstforadventure.Thisactivitycanbeasrelaxingasyoumakeit.BackcountryCampingWhylimityourselftojustadayhikewhenyoucanhaveafullweekendorlongeradventure?BackcountryCampinginvolvespackingyourtent,sleepinggear,food,andwateronyourbacktosetupcampinaremotelocation.Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerandcamper,thisisanexcellentwaytotestyoursurvivalskillsandexplorethewilderness.MountainandRoadBikingUnlikelonghikesthroughthewoods,bikingallowsyoutocovermoregroundandtravelfartherinnature.Mountainbikingtypicallyinvolvesridingupanddownsteepslopes,betweentrees,andoverrocks.Ifthissoundstoointenseoryourtiresaren’tsuitedforruggedterrain（地形),considertakingaroadbikeonpavedtrailsthroughforestpreservesoralongcountryroads.GardeningContrarytopopularbelief,youdon’thavetotravelbeyondyourownbackyardtoexperiencethebeautyofnatureeveryday.Ifyourpersonalityislessadventurousoryourmobilityisrestricted,considerplantingagardentogrowyourownvegetables,fruits,herbs,orflowers.There’ssomethingtrulysatisfyingaboutmixingupasaladwithfreshingredientsyougrewyourself.Oneofthebestpartsaboutspendingtimeinnatureisthatitdoesn’thavetobreakyourbudgetandanyonecandoit.1.Whatdoeshikingneedforhikers?A.Aworldmap. B.Astrongdesire.C.Practicalskills. D.Necessaryequipment.2.Wherewillyougotoshowyoursurvivalpotentialinthewild?A.Toabackyard. B.Toaforest.C.Toamountain. D.Toadistantplace.3.Whatistheadvantageofenjoyingthenaturalbeautyinyourgarden?A.It’spopular. B.Itsavesmoney.C.It’sadventurous. D.Itsavestime.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种亲近大自然的户外活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。由“Hiking”部分第二句“Hikinggenerallydoesn’trequireanyfancyequipmentorspecialskills,justapieceofmapandathirstforadventure.”（徒步旅行一般不需要任何花哨的设备或特殊技能，只要一张地图和对冒险的渴望）可知，徒步旅行需要对冒险强烈的欲望。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由“BackcountryCamping”部分最后两句“BackcountryCampinginvolvespackingyourtent,sleepinggear,food,andwateronyourbacktosetupcampinaremotelocation.Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerandcamper,thisisanexcellentwaytotestyoursurvivalskillsandexplorethewilderness.”（野外露营包括打包你的帐篷，睡觉的装备，食物和水在你的背上，去一个偏远的地方露营。如果你是一个有经验的徒步旅行者和野营者，这是一个测试你的生存技能和探索荒野的好方法）可知，在一个遥远的地方可以展示你在野外生存的潜力。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Gardening”部分最后一句“Oneofthebestpartsaboutspendingtimeinnatureisthatitdoesn’thavetobreakyourbudgetandanyonecandoit.(花时间在大自然中最好的部分之一是，它不必打破你的预算，任何人都可以做到)”可知，在花园享受大自然美景的优势是省钱。故选B项。【点睛】BSomescientistsbelievethatoneofthemostintelligentbeingsonEarthisinfacttheoctopus(章鱼).Octopusesusuallyliveatthebottomofrivermouthsandseas-areaswhicharenotattractivetoresearchers.Theyarenotsocialanimalssoitcanbehardtostudytheirinteractionwithothers.Andtheoctopus’intelligenceisnoteasyforhumanstounderstand.Whenweobservesomeanimalssuchasratsordogs,wecanoftenunderstandtheirbehavior.Octopuses，howevercanseemlikealiens(外星人).Scientistsneedtohavealotofimaginationtounderstandwhatanoctopusisthinking!Inthe1950s,theUSAirForcesponsoredscientiststostudythewayoctopusesusetheirbrains.Theyhopedthattheycouldusethisknowledgetohelpthembuildbettercomputers.However,theirbrainsweresocomplexthatthescientistsfeltitofnosignificancetocontinuewithit.Octopuseshaveaverycomplexnervoussystemandrecentresearchsuggeststhattheyhavesomeoftheirintelligenceinsideeacharm,whichmeansthateacharmcan“think”foritself.Italsoappearsthattheyhaveagoodmemory,perhapssimilartoacat’s.Perhapsthemoststrikingthingaboutoctopusesistheirabilitytochangetheircolorandbodypattern.Theydothistocamouflagethemselvestoavoidtheirenemiesandalsotocommunicatewithothers.Theycancompletelychangetheirappearanceinlessthanasecond.Itcanchangeitsskintolooklikerocks,sandorplanktron(浮游生物).Somescientistshaveevensuggestedthatthesedifferentpatternsandcolorsareinfactaveryhardlanguage-andthateachdesignisadifferentverb，adjectiveornoun.Butnobodyhasbeenabletoworkoutwhattheymightbesaying.There’salongwaytogotogettoknowtheoctopuscompletely.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheoctopus’intelligencefromParagraph2?A.Itdoesnotattractscientists. B.Littlehasbeenknownaboutit.C.Itisequaltothecat’sordog’s. D.Muchhasbeendoneaboutit.5.Whatcanwesayaboutscientists’studyontheoctopusinthe1950s?A.Theyhadtogiveitupeventually. B.Theyusedcomputerstohelp.C.Theyfounditsarmscouldthink. D.Theyjudgeditlivedlikeacat.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“camouflage”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Relax. B.Strengthen. C.Hide. D.Express.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheoctopuses?A.Theyarethesmartestanimals. B.They’reeasytobeseeninthesea.C.Itisusefultocopytheirlanguage. D.Itisdifficulttounderstandthem.【答案】4B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一些科学家认为，地球上最聪明的生物之一就是章鱼。到目前为止，人们对章鱼也是知之甚少。【4题详解】推理判断题。第二段谈到：章鱼通常生活在河口和海洋的底部，这些地方对研究人员没有吸引力。它们不是群居动物，因此很难研究它们与其它动物的相互作用。而且章鱼的智力也不容易被人类理解。章鱼看起来像外星人。科学家需要有丰富的想象力才能理解章鱼在想什么！由这些可推知，人们对章鱼的理解很少。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,theirbrainsweresocomplexthatthescientistsfeltitofnosignificancetocontinuewithit.”信息可知，科学家发现章鱼的大脑是如此复杂，他们觉得继续研究下去是没有用的。由此可知他们最终放弃了研究。故选A。【6题详解】词义猜测题。本句前面谈到：章鱼最惊人的地方在于它们改变颜色和身体形态的能力；由本句后面的“toavoidtheirenemies（以逃避敌人）”可知，它们这样做是为了伪装自己以躲避敌人。A.Relax放松，休息；B.Strengthen加强，增强；C.Hide隐蔽，躲避；D.Express表达。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。最后一段作者谈到“There’salongwaytogotogettoknowtheoctopuscompletely.（完全了解章鱼还有很长的路要走）”，可知作者认为要了解章鱼不容易。故选D。【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词后找到其释义句。例如本题中的第三题考查的就是生词词义猜测，由划线单词后表达的目的“toavoidtheirenemies（以躲避敌人）”可知，章鱼是要保护它们自己。划线单词意思与avoid是相呼应的。据此即可选出正确答案。CIntheshadowofKenya’sMountKilimanjaro,nineRothschildgiraffes,therarestgiraffesontheplanet,arefreetowanderattheEnglish-stylemanor(庄园).Everydayshortlybefore9am,theycomeuptothehouseandsticktheirheadsthroughthewindowsanddoorsinsearchofmorningtreats.Themanor’sowners,TanyaandMikeyCarr-Hartley,sharetheirdiningtablewiththem.Andnowthecouplearesharingthefantasticexperiencewiththepublicbyopeningthemanorgatestoguestsatthegiraffehotel,theonlyhotelofitskindintheworld.Now,guestscanfeedthegiraffesatbreakfastbutcanalsogetupclosetothemfromtheirsecond-floorbedrooms.MrandMrsCarr-Hartley，both38,spenttheirchildhoodlivingclosetothehouseinNairobiandhavealwaysbeenenthusiasticabouttheanimals.Tanyasaid,“MikeyandIgrewupnearthismanorhousewhenwewerechildren.WeareboththirdgenerationKenyansandhavealwayswantedtoworkinconservation.Mikey’sfamilyhavebeenrelatedtotheprotectionofanimalsformanygenerations.Hisgranddadhelpedtheremovalofgiraffesasfarbackasthe1930sbecausetheRothschildgiraffeslostmuchoftheirnaturallivingspace.Whenthehousecameupforsale,wejumpedatthechancetobuyitaswehadalwaysdreamedofowningit.Now,wewereabsolutelyoverjoyedtodosomethingforthegiraffeprotection.Havingthegiraffessocloseisveryspecialandsomethingwhichpeoplecannowexperiencebystayinginoneofthetenroomsatthehotel.”Aconservationprojecttosavethemwasstartedatthemanorin1974bythepreviousowners.“Thepreviousownersranaverysuccessfulbreeding(繁殖)programme,wheremanygiraffesweresetfreeintothewildandwehopetocontinue,”saidTanya.8.WhyaretheCarr-Hartleyfamilyunusual?A.They’relivingontherarestgiraffes. B.Theysharetheirhomewithgiraffes.C.They’regoodatmakinggiraffes’food. D.Theytraingiraffestomanagethehotel.9.WhatcanweknowaboutMikey’sfamily?A.Ithashadalongconnectionwithgiraffes. B.Itusedtoraisegiraffesaroundthemanor.C.Itbuiltanewmanorforthewildgiraffes. D.ItremovedgiraffestoMountKilimanjaro.10.Whichcanbestdescribethemanor’spreviousowners’conservationproject?A.Visitor-friendly. B.Energy-saving. C.Costly. D.Fruitful.11.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Giraffes’breakfastbyguests B.ReasonsforgiraffeprotectionC.Theworld’sonlygiraffehotel D.Historyofthegiraffemanor【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。位于肯尼亚内罗毕附近的长颈鹿庄园是世界上唯一一家以长颈鹿为主题的酒店，庄园的主人卡尔哈特雷夫妇以与9只罗斯柴尔德长颈鹿同住而闻名。这种世界上最高的动物自由徜徉在庄园里，每天快到9时的时候，这些长颈鹿就会漫步房前，穿过窗户或者门把脑袋探进房间寻找美味早餐。【8题详解】细节理解题。第一段中提到“Everydayshortlybefore9am,theycomeuptothehouseandsticktheirheadsthroughthewindowsanddoorsinsearchofmorningtreats.Themanor’sowners,TanyaandMikeyCarr-Hartley,sharetheirdiningtablewiththem.（九只罗斯柴尔德长颈鹿，可以在这个英式庄园里自由漫步。每天上午快到9点的时候，它们就会来到这所房子里，把头伸进窗户和门里寻找早餐。庄园的主人Tanya和MikeyCarr-Hartley与他们共用一张餐桌）”，由这些信息可知，卡尔哈特雷一家之所以特别是因为他们与长颈鹿共享他们的生活。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段提及的“Mikey’sfamilyhavebeenrelatedtotheprotectionofanimalsformanygenerations.Hisgranddadhelpedtheremovalofgiraffesasfarbackasthe1930sbecausetheRothschildgiraffeslostmuchoftheirnaturallivingspace.（米基家族几代人都与保护动物有关。他的祖父早在20世纪30年代就帮助长颈鹿迁徙，因为罗斯柴尔德长颈鹿的自然生存空间消失殆尽。）”信息，可知米基一家与长颈鹿有很深的历史渊源。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Thepreviousownersranaverysuccessfulbreeding(繁殖)programme,wheremanygiraffesweresetfreeintothewild（以前的主人进行了一个非常成功的繁殖项目，许多长颈鹿被放生到野外。）”可知，他们的保护计划成果明显。A.Visitor-friendly对游客很友好；B.Energy-saving节省能源的；C.Costly昂贵的；D.Fruitful成果丰硕的。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。本文开篇谈到：卡尔哈特雷夫妇通过向世界上唯一的长颈鹿酒店的客人开放庄园大门来与公众分享与长颈鹿亲密接触的奇妙经历。客人可以在早餐时喂长颈鹿，也可以从二楼的卧室靠近它们。第二段还谈到：长颈鹿离我们这么近是一件很特别的事，现在人们住在酒店的10个房间的任何一间就能体验到这种感觉。由此可知，C项（世界上惟一的长颈鹿酒店）最能体现本文的主题思想。故选C。【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考察方式，标题题（besttitle）是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。例如本文中的第四题，就是标题类的主旨大意题。文章总共三段，第一段描述庄园内的现状，第二段描述庄园主人与庄园的渊源，第三段描述庄园内曾做过的繁殖长颈鹿的项目，所以本文都是围绕庄园展开的，由第一段可知，庄园也是世界上唯一的长颈鹿旅馆。故选C。DWhenaskedhowtechnologymightimprovethelivesofpeoplewithvisionimpairments(视力障碍).JoannBecker,avisionimpairmentstechspecialist,presentedamisleadinglysimplechallenge,saying“I’dliketobeabletofindmybusstopthroughBeMyEyes”.BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.Theassumptionissimple:Manypeoplewhoareblinddon'tneedanyactualassistanceincompletingtheirdailytasks,butmerelyneedalittlehelp.Asightedvolunteermightbeaskedtohelpidentifywhichoftwocanscontainstomatoes.Inthiscase,thevisuallyimpairedusercancookamealjustfineonhis/herown--allhe/sheneedsisaquickconfirmationthathe/shehasthecorrectcan.Themodelappearstobeworking;morethan540.000volunteersandnearly40.000peoplewithlowvisionareregisteredontheapp.“Anelderlywomancannowhelpavisuallyimpairedtechniciansetuphiscomputer.”saysfounderHansWiberg,whohasverylowvision.“Shedoesn'tneedtoknowathingaboutcomputers.Sheonlyneedstoreadwhatispresentedonthescreen.Thenhecandotherest.”Earlyassistivetechnologycenteredondedicateddevices(专用设备),becauseofthenichemarket(小众市场),whichsoldforhundredsoreventhousandsofdollars.ButtheSmartphone,multipurposeandnear-universal,hascompletelychangedtheeconomyofscale.“Therearelargermarketforcesdrivinghigh-poweredcomputation,high-qualityengineeringandhigh-qualitybatterymanagementinthesmartphonemarketthanthoseinaspecialtyproduct.”saysAaronStcinfeld,aresearchprofessorattheRoboticsInstituteatCarnegieMellonUniversity.“Therealityismostsightedpeopledon'tknowsomebodywhoisbind.”Beckersays.”Theythinkthesolutionsthatablindpersonneedsarefarmoreexpansive.Itturnsouttheyneedtobe.“Ithinktheseappsareenablingsightedpeopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneedsomesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives.”12.Whatisthefirstparagraphusedforinthetext?A.Givingoneexample. B.Showingthemainidea.C.Makingaconclusion. D.Introducingthetopic.13.HowdoestheappBeMyEyeswork?A.Bycreatingavideolinkbetweenthevisuallydisabledandsightedvolunteers.B.Byrecognizingwhichoftwocanshastomatoesthatcanbecooked.C.Byestablishinghigh-qualityengineeringandcomputation.D.Byflashingtheeverydaytasksofthetechnicianandvolunteers.14.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Slightassistancecanhelptheblindfreefromsometroubles.B.Volunteersshouldbeveryfamiliarwithhigh-techcomputers.C.Onlypeoplewithlowvisionareregisteredtousetheapp.D.JoannBeckerthinksithardtofindabusstopusingBeMyEyes.15.Whatdoesthe5thparagraphmainlymean?A.Thesmartphonebecomesaspecialapp.B.Finedeviceshavechangedtheeconomy.CCostmatterswhenitcomestoassistivetechnology.D.Smartphonemarkethasgreateconomicpotential.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍BeMyEyes。它在2015年上线，在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.(《做我的眼睛》于2015年上线,在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接)”结合下文对该产品的介绍可知，这是本文的主题。由此推知，第一段是为了引出文章话题。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.(在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接)”可知，theappBeMyEyes是通过在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接来工作的。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ithinktheseappsareenablingsightedpeopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneedsomesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives(我认为这些应用程序让视力正常的人看到，盲人只需要一些简单的线索就可以帮助他们在生活中做很多事情)”可知，轻微的帮助可以帮助盲人摆脱一些麻烦。故选A项。【15题详解】段落大意题。根据第五段的主要内容，尤其“ButtheSmartphone,multipurposeandnear-universal,hascompletelychangedtheeconomyofscale.(但多用途、近乎通用的智能手机已经彻底改变了规模经济)”可知，本段主要陈述智能手机市场经济潜力巨大。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youcanbehurtbyotherpeopleinlife.Thatisafact.Andsomeofthosehurtscanevenleavescarsthataffecthowyouthink,actandrelatetoothers.___16___Withdrawintoashell,hideinacave,andisolate(孤立)yourselffromothers.Definitelynot.Youcanmakeadifferentchoicetomakepainfulcircumstancesdirectyoutoanewpath.Rememberyoucan’tpleaseeverysinglepersonespeciallyacriticalone.___17___Someareprayingforrain,whileothersareprayingforsunshine.Youshouldn’tbereplayinghurtfulstatementsmadetoyou.Additionally,it’sfoolishtoattemptwhatisimpossible.___18___Weliveinasocietywherewedon’tgetawholelotofapproval.Itisnotwiseofyoutodoallsortsofcrazythingstryingtowinasmilefromsomepeopletoocoldtoevergiveit.Sorefusetoplaythegame.Don’twasteanyenergytryingtoconvinceunpleasable,disapprovingpeoplethatyouareagreatperson.___19___Refusetofightback.Whenwearehurt,theinstantreactionistofightback.___20___Instead,youcanprayfortheotherperson.Itwillhelpbothofyou.Beanactor,notareactor.Itcannotbedeniedthatdealingwithotherpeopleeffectivelyisoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucanlearninlife.Afteryou’vemasteredthatyou’reabout95percentdowntheroadtofindinghappiness.A.Noonecandothat.B.Chooseemotionallyhealthyfriends.C.Also,thedeepestwoundsarecausedbyrejection.D.Realizethatyoudon’tneedothers’approvaltobehappy.E.Youshouldfirmlybelieveyouarehappyasyouchoosetobe.F.Thenhowdoyouhandlethepeoplewhosendyouintodepression?G.However,strikingbackonlylowersyoutotheopponent’slevelofimmaturity.【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.E20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。生活中我们可能会被其他人伤害。其中一些伤害甚至会留下伤疤，影响我们的想法、行为和与他人的关系。本文提出了一些适当的方法来面对和处理可能会遇到或已经遇到的伤害。【16题详解】根据前文“Youcanbehurtbyotherpeopleinlife.Thatisafact.Andsomeofthosehurtscanevenleavescarsthataffecthowyouthink,actandrelatetoothers.(生活中你可能会被其他人伤害。这是事实。其中一些伤害甚至会留下伤疤，影响你的想法、行为和与他人的关系。)”可知我们在生活中可能会受到其他人的伤害，结合下文“Withdrawintoashell,hideinacave,andisolate(孤立)yourselffromothers.Definitelynot.(躲进一个壳里，躲进一个洞里，把自己和别人隔离开来。绝对不要。)”可知此处列举了一些应对伤害的方法，并且否定了这些方法，由此可知，空处应提问“那么你如何处理那些让你陷入抑郁的人呢?”，F项符合文意，故选F项。【17题详解】根据上一句“Rememberyoucan’tpleaseeverysinglepersonespeciallyacriticalone.(记住，你不可能取悦每一个人，尤其是那些挑剔的人。)”结合下一句“Someareprayingforrain,whileothersareprayingforsunshine.(一些人在祈求下雨，而另一些人在祈求阳光。)”可知取悦所有人是不可能的，所以A项“没人能做到。”适合放在本空，承上启下，故选A项。【18题详解】根据下文“Weliveinasocietywherewedon’tgetawholelotofapproval.Itisnotwiseofyoutodoallsortsofcrazythingstryingtowinasmilefromsomepeopletoocoldtoevergiveit.(我们生活在一个没有得到太多认可的社会。你做各种疯狂的事情去赢得那些冷漠的人的微笑是不明智的。)”可知此处表达我们不需要努力到去获得所有人的认可，D项“要知道，你并不需要别人的认可才能快乐。”符合文意，故选D项。【19题详解】根据前文“Don’twasteanyenergytryingtoconvinceunpleasable,disapprovingpeoplethatyouareagreatperson.(不要浪费精力去说服那些不喜欢你、不赞成你的人，你是一个很棒的人。)”结合第三小题答案D选项即本段的主旨“要知道，你并不需要别人的认可才能快乐。”可知，我们可以自己选择快乐的方式，成为快乐的人。所以E项“你应该坚定地相信，你是快乐的，因为你选择了快乐。”符合文意，故选E项。【20题详解】根据本段第一句“Refusetofightback.(拒绝反击。)”可知本段的主旨是建议我们不要反击，结合下文“Instead,youcanprayfortheotherperson.Itwillhelpbothofyou.Beanactor,notareactor.(相反，你可以为对方祈祷。这对你们俩都有好处。做一个行动者，而不是一个回应者。)”可知，在我们的第一反应想要回击的时候只会把我们变得和对手一样不成熟，并没有任何好处，所以G项“然而，反击只会把你降低到对手的不成熟水平。”符合文意，内容承上启下并且符合本段的主旨，短语strikingback对应主题句中的fightback，故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnourwayhomefromschoolmykidandIsharedeachotherourhighandlowpartoftheday.My12-year-old,Karington,toldmeher____21____foraclassmatewithspecialneed.This____22____actionbroughtmytearsflowing.Herstorystartedwith,“Mommy,Imadeateacher____23____today.”Ididn’tknowwhymyfirstthoughtwasa____24____one.Idefinitelyshouldn’thave____25____her.Therestofherstorywentlikethis...“There’saboyinmyclasswithhyperactivity(多动症).Everyone____26____himbecausehedoesstrangethings.Todayhefelltothe____27____Ilookedaroundandallthesekidswerelaughing,soIwalkeduptohimand____28____withhim.Theclassstoppedlaughing.A____29____waswalkingbytheopendoorandsawmy_____30_____.Shewalkedintotheroomtowardsme,burstinginto_____31_____.Sheheldmeupandgavemethetightest_____32_____everandkeptsayingwhata_____33_____girlIwas.”Myvoicewas_____34_____byalump(梗)inmythroat.Tearsfloodedmyeyes;I_____35_____themsoIcouldseetheroad.Icouldn’t_____36_____.HowcouldIfindtherightwordsto_____37_____justhowproudIwas?Shelookedatme,sawthetearsflowingandknew.Ididn’tneed_____38_____.Thereisnotathingmychildcoulddothatwouldmakememuch_____39_____!Nothingisbetterthanstandingupforwhatis_____40_____andshowingcompassiontowardsothers.21.A.disappointment B.support C.anxiety D.curiosity22.A.embarrassing B.annoying C.shocking D.touching23.A.cry B.smile C.shout D.jump24.A.ambitious B.cautious C.negative D.indifferent25.A.encouraged B.forgiven C.punished D.doubted26.A.laughsat B.caresabout C.argueswith D.playswith27.A.road B.hole C.river D.ground28.A.showedup B.bentdown C.laydown D.putup29.A.doctor B.teacher C.worker D.player30.A.expression B.behavior C.experiment D.example31.A.tears B.laughter C.fear D.anger32.A.kiss B.gift C.hug D.comfort33.A.brave B.funny C.clever D.sweet34.A.raised B.blocked C.adjusted D.improved35.A.cleared B.closed C.collected D.caught36.A.hesitate B.oppose C.respond D.complain37.A.understand B.realize C.settle D.explain38.A.words B.notes C.questions D.opinions39.A.smarter B.prouder C.stronger D.safer40.A.basic B.equal C.right D.unusual【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.A27.D28.C29.B30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A36.C37.D38.A39.B40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述回家路上，女儿告诉作者自己在学校里帮助了一位多动症男孩，作者对女儿的行为感觉非常骄傲自豪。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我12岁的女儿卡灵顿告诉我，她支持一位有特殊需要的同学。A.disappointment失望；B.support支持；C.anxiety焦虑；D.curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Todayhefelltothe____7____Ilookedaroundandallthesekidswerelaughing,soIwalkeduptohimand____8____withhim.”可知，那天多动症男孩摔倒在地，其他学生纷纷嘲笑他，Karington走上前去，和男孩一起躺下，全班同学不再嘲笑。由此该空表达：Karington告诉母亲自己对班上一个同学的支持帮助。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个感人的举动让我潸然泪下。A.embarrassing令人尴尬的；B.annoying令人恼怒的；C.shocking令人震惊的；D.touching令人感动的。根据上文“My12-year-old,Karington,toldmeher____1____foraclassmatewithspecialneed.”可知，女儿帮助了多动症同学。由此该空表达：女儿感人的行为让作者激动地落泪。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的故事是这样开始的:“妈妈，我今天把一位老师弄哭了。”A.cry哭；B.smile微笑；C.shout喊叫；D.jump跳。根据“A____9____waswalkingbytheopendoorandsawmy____10____.Shewalkedintotheroomtowardsme,burstinginto____11____.”可知，一个老师恰巧经过，走到女儿身边，激动地流泪。由此可知：女儿告诉作者自己让一位老师哭了。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么我的第一个想法是消极的。A.ambitious有雄心的；B.cautious小心的，谨慎的；C.negative消极的；D.indifferent漠不关心的。根据下文“Idefinitelyshouldn’thave____5____her.”我绝对不应该怀疑她。由此可知：作者不知道为什么自己的第一个想法是消极的。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我绝对不该怀疑她。A.encouraged鼓励；B.forgiven原谅；C.punished惩罚；D.doubted怀疑。根据上文“Ididn’tknowwhymyfirstthoughtwasa____4____one.”我不知道为什么自己的第一个想法是消极的。由此可知该处表达：作者感觉不应该怀疑女儿。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个人都嘲笑他，因为他做了奇怪的事情。A.laughsat嘲笑；B.caresabout关心；C.argueswith与……争论；D.playswith和……一起玩。根据上文“There’saboyinmyclasswithhyperactivity.”及下文“Todayhefelltothe7.Ilookedaroundandallthesekidswerelaughing”可知，班上多动症男孩摔倒在地，其他学生纷纷嘲笑他。因此该句表达：多动症男孩常做些稀奇古怪的事引得全班同学嘲笑。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天他倒在地上，我环顾四周，所有的孩子都在笑，所以我走到他身边，和他躺在一起。A.road路；B.hole洞；C.river河流；D.ground地面。根据下文“soIwalkeduptohimand8withhim.”及11空后“Sheheldmeup”可知，女孩走向男孩，和他一起躺在地上，老师把女孩扶起来。因此该句表达：男孩摔倒在地。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.showedup出现；B.bentdown弯腰；C.laydown躺下；D.putup搭建，张贴。根据上文“Todayhefelltothe7.”及下文“soIwalkeduptohimand8withhim.Theclassstoppedlaughing.”可知，男孩摔倒在地，女孩走向男孩，和他一起躺在地上，全班同学不再嘲笑。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位老师从敞开的门旁边走过，看到了我的行为。A.doctor医生；B.teacher老师；C.worker工人；D.player运动员。根据上文“Mommy,Imadeateacher3today.”可知，是一位老师从敞开的门前经过。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.expression表达；B.behavior行为；C.experiment实验；D.example例子。此处表示一位老师从敞开的门前经过看到了女孩的行为。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她走进房间，哭了起来。A.tears眼泪；B.laughter笑声；C.fear害怕；D.anger生气。根据上文“Mommy,Imadeateacher3today.”可知，与3空cry对应，此处为burstingintotears。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把我抱起来，给了我一个最紧紧的拥抱，不停地说我是一个多么可爱的女孩。A.kiss吻；B.gift礼物；C.hug拥抱；D.comfort安慰。根据上文可知：老师激动得热泪盈眶。因此该句表达：老师扶起女孩，紧紧地拥抱她。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.brave勇敢的；B.funny有趣的；C.clever聪明的；D.sweet可爱的。老师紧紧地拥抱女孩，不断地赞扬女孩是多么善良可爱。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的声音哽咽了。A.raised提升，增加；B.blocked阻挡；C.adjusted调整；D.improved提高，改善。根据下文“Tearsfloodedmyeyes”可知，听了女儿的叙述，作者激动得热泪盈眶。此处表达：由于激动流泪，作者声音哽咽。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我擦干了泪水，这样我就能看到路了。A.cleared清除；B.closed关闭；C.collected收集；D.caught抓住。上句Tearsfloodedmyeyes作者热泪盈眶。该句意为：作者擦去眼泪以便能够看清道路。故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法回答。A.hesitate犹豫；B.oppose反对；C.respond回应；D.complain抱怨。上文：听了女儿的叙述，作者激动得热泪盈眶；下文“HowcouldIfindtherightwordsto17justhowproudIwas?”作者找不到合适的字眼来表达自己是多么自豪。因此该句表达：作者不知道说什么。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我该如何找到合适的词语来解释我有多骄傲呢？A.understand理解；B.realize意识到；C.settle定居，解决；D.explain解释。根据“justhowproudIwas?”可知，作者找不到合适的字眼来表达自己是多么自豪。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不需要说什么。A.words单词，话；B.notes笔记；C.questions问题；D.opinions观点。根据上文“Shelookedatme