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第页教案课题名词教师姓名学生姓名上课日期学科英语适用年级五年级教材版本学习目标掌握名词单复数以及谓语单复数重难点名词单复数所对应的谓语单复数教学过程导入:数数下面两幅图中分别有多少只鸭子?用英文怎么来表达呢?1.什么叫名词?
名词是词性的一种,是表示人或事物实体存在的词,如:理发师、学生、水等。主要功能是作主语、宾语。2.名词的分类名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词,其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式;而不可数名词没有复数形式。
3.可数名词的复数形式:
规则变化:
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.
x.
sh.
ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,watch-watches,brush-brushes,glass-glasses,dress-dresses
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,
再加-es,如:family-families(家庭),
butterfly-butterflies(蝴蝶),lady-ladies,strawberry-strawberries(草莓)
★注意:“元音字母+y”结尾的,直接加-s,如:day-days,boy-boys
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,
再加-es,如:knife-knives,leaf-leaves(落叶),wolf-wolves(狼),shelf-shelves(架子),half-halves(一半),thief-thieves(小偷)
注意:特殊情况直接加s:gulf-gulfs(海湾),roof-roofs(屋顶),belief-beliefs(信仰),proof-proofs(证据)[此处知道即可,暂时不用记]
不规则变化:
1.
man-men,woman-women,
policeman(男警察)-policemen,
policewoman(女警察)-policewomen,
mouse-mice,child(孩子)-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth(牙齿),ox-oxen(公牛)
chick-chicken(鸡)2.
fish-fish(鱼),
sheep(羊)-sheep,deer-deer,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,
people-people(人,人们)
注意:
fish:①当一条鱼讲时,单复数同形,如three
fish.
②当各种各样的鱼讲时,即强调鱼的种类时,要加es.如:all
kinds
of
fishes
.各种各样的鱼
③当鱼肉讲时,不可数。
people:当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如:There
are
56
peoples
in
China.
中国有56个民族。
实记:
tomato-tomatoes(西红柿),potato-potatoes(土豆),hero-heroes(英雄)negro-negroes(黑人),volcano-volcanoes(火山)
zoo-zoos,photo-photos
4.不可数名词的复数形式不可数名词我们都把它当成单数用,不需要加S,这就需要我们来衡量哪些是可数的,哪些是不可数的名词。water(水)
、milk(牛奶)、
tea(茶)
、rice(米饭)、juice(果汁)、bread(面包),soup(汤),hair,meat,news(消息),work(工作),paper(纸),weather(天气),luck(运气),grass(草)
★中日不变,英法变,其余s加后面
German-Germans(德国人)
注意:部分不可数名词我们需要用到量词来形容。比如一杯水,一杯牛奶,一碗饭等等。一.名词变复数1.
pen
__________
2.cup
___________
3.fruit
__________
4.country
____________
5.
family
____________
6.chick__________
7.point______________
8.man
______________
9.
child__________
10.fireman
____________
11.shelf
____________
12.
photo________二.判断下列名词哪些是可数名词,在其后面打勾1.puter8.bag9.umbrella10.ring11.rice12.weather参考答案:一、1.pens2.cups3.fruit4.countries5.families6.chicken7.point8.men9.children10.firemen11.shelves12.photos二、2.pen4.watch7.computers8.bag9.umbrella10.ring.巩固训练:写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange
2、class
3、text
4、monkey
5、piano
6、child
7、shelf
8、bed
9、country
10、family
11、toy
12、foot
13、Japanese
14、radio
15、photo
16、army
_
17、tomato
18、fox
19、woman
20、knife
参考答案:1、orange
oranges
2、class
classes
3、text
texts
4、monkey
monkeys
5、piano
pianos
6、child
children
7、shelf
shelves
8、bed
beds
9、country
countries
10、family
families
11、toy
toys
12、foot
feet
13、Japanese
Japanese
14、radio
radios
15、photo
photos
16、army
armies
17、tomato
tomatoes
18、fox
foxes
19、woman
women
20、knife
knives
5.谓语动词的单复数1.Be动词的单复数be
动词遇到名词时的运用:
单数名词用is,
复数名词用are.
不可数名词用is。be动词分为am
is
are
am用于第一人称单数(I);is用于第三人称单数(he
she
it和其他人名或称谓,如:Ben
his
sister等);are用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you;第三人称复数they和其他复数,如the
children
、
his
parents等)。
2.实义动词的单复数:
单数名词和不可数名词作主语时,实义动词用单数(+S),复数名词作主语时,实义动词用原型(不+S)第一种情况:主语是第三人称单数(he
she
it
和其他,如Helen
、her
cousin
等),动词后一般加s或es。
第二种情况:主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形。
6.名词前的冠词(a,an,the)可数名词可以和冠词a/an连用,不可数名词前不可以用冠词a/an.
①a和an均用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物中的"一个",相当于汉语的"一",但不强调数目观念。
②a用在辅音(音素)之前,an用在元音(音素)之前。如:a
notebook一个笔记本,a
book一本书,an
old
man一位老人,an
English
class一堂英语课。字母u读作[ju:]时,由于第一个音[j]是辅音,故前面用a,不用an。如:a
useful
book一本有用的书,a
university一所大学。字母h如不发音,第一个音又是元音,前面用an而不用a,如an
hour一小时,an
honest
person一个诚实的人。
7.
many+可数名词、much
+不可数名词
(表示数量很多)
few+可数名词、little+不可数名词
(表示数量极少)没几个
a
few+可数名词、a
little+不可数名词(表示数量极少)有几个
some,
any
,
a
lot
of、lots
of既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词
4、对可数名词的数量提问用how
many
对不可数名词的数量提问用
how
much
How
many
books
do
you
have?
How
much
milk
does
he
drink
in
the
morning?
可数名词的表达总结①可数名词的数量可以直接用数词来修饰
如:two
students(两个学生)
也可用many、a
few
、some、any、a
lot
of
,lots
of
,most
of
等修饰。
不可数名词的表达总结不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法:
用much
,a
little
,some,any,a
lot
of
a
lot
of
,lots
of
,most
of等表多少。
如There
is
much
water
in
the
bottle
.瓶中有很多水。
I'll
tell
you
much
good
news.我要告诉你许多好消息。
2)
用单位词表示。
(用a
...
of
表示。)
如
a
cup
of
(
一杯),a
bottle
of
(一瓶)
a
piece
of
(
一张),a
pair
of
shoes(一双鞋)
two
cups
of
tea(两杯茶),five
pieces
of
paper(五张纸)
随堂练习:1.
Ihavetwo_____(knife).2.
Therearemany_____here.(box)3.
Therearemany_____ontheroad.(bus)4.
Afew_____aredrawingonthewall.(boy)5.
The_____areplayingfootballnow.(child)6.Icanseea_______standingnearthedoor.(policeman)7.Doyouwantsome________fordinner?(potato)8Inautumn,youcanseealotof_______ontheground.(leaf)
9.Hehastwo_______.Oneisblue,theotherisyellow.(box)10.Two________liveinthisbuilding.(family)11.Therearesomany________(wolf)intheforest.12.Therearethree______(chair)intheclassroom.13.These_______(tomato)arered.
14.Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)15.Therearesome______(deer)eatingthegrass.16.Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).参考答案:1.knives2.boxes3.buses4.boys5.children6.policeman7.potatoes8.leaves9.boxes10.families11.wolves12.chairs13.tomatoes14.babies15.deer16.potatoes8.名词的所有格
有些名词的可以加’s来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词的形式称为该名词的所有格。
如Mary's
father(玛丽的父亲)
、Jim's
mother(吉姆的母亲)
。与所有格相对来看,不带这种词尾的形式就称为普通格。
1)单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾如没有s,也要加’s。
如Tom's
knife(汤姆的小刀)
children's
books(儿童书籍)
2)表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人名字后加’s,如果表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后加’s。
如Jim
and
Mike's
room吉姆和麦克(共用)的房间
Jim's
and
Mike's
rooms吉姆和麦克(各自)的房间
3)若名词已有复数词尾-s,只加"'"即可。
如the
students'
reading-room(学生阅览室)
Everyone
needs
to
have
at
least
eight
hours'
sleep
a
night.
每个人每晚需要至少8小时的睡眠。
随堂练习:一
.选择
1.
How’s
Joy’s
skirt?
Her
skirt
is
more
beautiful
than
________.
A.her
sister’s
and
Kate
B.her
sister
and
Kate
C.her
sister
and
Kate’s
D.her
sister’s
and
Kate’s
2.This
is
_______
room.
The
twin
sisters
like
it
very
much.
A.Lucy’s
and
Lily’s
B.Lucy’s
and
Lily
C.Lucy
and
Lily’s
3.It’s
about
__________walk
from
my
home.
A.
ten
minute
B.
ten
minutes’
C.
ten
minute’s
D.
ten
minutes
4.Every
morning
Mr.
Smith
takes
a
________
to
his
office.
A.
20
minutes
walk
B.
20
minute’s
walk
C.
20-minutes
walk
D.
20-minute
walk
5.__________
mothers
made
them
have
piano
lessons.
A.
Peter
and
Anne
B.
Peter’s
and
Anne’s
C.
Peter’s
and
Anne
D.
Peter
and
Anne’s
6.The
room
on
the
right
is
________.
A.
her
B.
she
C.
Lucy’s
D.
Lucy
7.We’ll
have
a
____________
holiday.
What
about
going
to
the
West
Lake?A.
two
days
B.
two-day
C.
two-days
D.
two-days’
8.The
market
isn’t
far
from
here.
It’s
only
___________
bicycle
ride.
A.
half
an
hours’
B.
half
an
hour’s
C.
half
an
hour
D.
an
hour
and
a
half
9.Where’s
your
father
?
At
_________.
A.
Mr
Green’s
B.
Mr.
Green
C.
the
Mr.
Green’s
10.The
twin
brothers
always
put
small
presents
in
___________stockings
on
Christmas
Day.
A.
each
other’s
B.
each
other
C.
each
others
D.
each
others’
二
填空
1.
__________________________(李明的父母)work
in
a
big
hospital.
2.
This
is
__________________________________(我妹妹的语文书)
3.
__________________________________(双胞胎的卧室)
are
very
nice.
4.
______________________________(王平和王明的父亲)
is
a
hotel
manager.
5.
Is
this
___________________________________(你的好朋友的钢笔)
?
6.
They
are
___________________________________(Peter
和Sam的老师).
7.
___________________________(教师节)
is
on
September
10th
.
8.
___________________________________(学生们的桌椅)
are
very
new.
9.
We
are
very
happy
on
____________________________________(儿童节).
10.
He
is
in
_________________________________(老师的办公室)
now.参考答案:一,1.D2.C3.B4.BD5.B6.C7.B8.B9.A10.A二,1.LiMing’sparents2.mysister’sChinesebook3.Thetwins’bedrooms4.WangPingandWangMing’sfather5.yourgoodfriend’spen6.Peter’sandSam’steachers7.Teachers’Day8.Students’desksandchairs9.Children’Day10.teachers’office<一>、写出下列名词的复数形式
1、orange
2、class
3、text
4、monkey
5、piano
6、child
7、shelf
8、bed
9、country
10、family
11、toy
12、foot
13、Japanese
14、radio
15、photo
16、army
17、tomato
18、fox
19、woman
20、knife
21、sheep
<二>、选择填空
1、There
on
the
wall
.They
are
very
beautiful.
A.
are
photoes
B.
are
photos
C.
is
a
photo
D.
is
photos
2.
How
many
______
do
you
see
in
the
picture?
A.
tomatos
B.
tomatoes
C.
tomato
D.
the
tomato
3.
______
and
______
are
not
friends.
A.
Foxs…wolfs
B.
Foxes…wolfs
C.
Foxes…wolves
4.
That’s
art
book.
A.
an
B.
a
C.
the
D
are
5.
The
boys
get
.
A.
two
bread
B.
two
breads
C.
two
pieces
of
bread
D.
two
piece
of
bread
6.
The
old
man
wants
.
A.
six
boxes
of
apples
B.
six
boxes
of
apple
C.
six
box
of
apples
D.
six
boxs
of
apples
7.
There
some
in
the
river.
A.
is
,fish
B.
are,
fishs
C.
is,
fishs
D.
are
,fish
8.
There
two
in
the
box.
A.
is
watch
B.
are
watches
C.
are
watch
D.
is
watches
9.
We
should
clean
twice
a
day.
A
.our
tooth
B.
our
tooths
C.teeth
D.our
teeth
10.
They
come
from
different
______
A.
country
B.
countries
C.
a
country
D.
countrys
11.
They
are______.
A
.
woman
teachers
B.
women
teachers
C.
women
teacher
D.
woman
teacher
12.
Would
you
like
_______
,please?
A.
two
glass
of
water
B.
two
glasses
of
water
C.
two
glass
of
waters
D.
two
glasses
of
waters
13.
These
are
the
______
of
our
national
______.
A.
photos
…
heroes
B.
photoes
…
heroes
C.
photos
…
heros
14.
There
are
some
______
in
these
_______.
A.knifes…pencil-boxes
B.knives…pencils-box
C.knives…pencil-box
D.knives…pencil-boxes
15.
There
is
no
______
in
the
plate.
A.
apples
B.
oranges
C.
rice
D.
eggs
16.
_______
are
good
for
our
health.
A.
Tomatos
B.
Tomatoes
C.
Tomato
17.
I
like
to
eat
cake
with
______.
A.
cherries
B.
cherry(樱桃)
C.cherrys
18.
The
______
are
running
on
the
______.
A.
deer
…
grasses
B.
deers
…
grass
C.
deer
…
grass
19.
I
was
so
hungry
and
I
eat
two
______.
A.
bowls
of
noodle
B.
bowls
of
noodles
C.
bowl
of
noodles
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