世界旅游组织-2023年通过旅游业实现可持续发展目标-项目指标工具包-英

ACHIEVING

THESUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT

GOALSTHROUGH

TOURISMToolkit

of

Indicators

for

Projects

(TIPs)ACHIEVING

THE

SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT

GOALSTHROUGH

TOURISMToolkit

of

Indicators

for

Projects

(TIPs)Copyright©2023,WorldTourism

Organization(UNWTO)

andJapanInternationalCooperationAgency(JICA)AchievingtheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsthroughTourism

–Toolkit

ofIndicatorsforProjects(TIPs)ISBN(printedversion):978-92-844-2433-7978-92-844-2434-4ISBN(electronicversion):DOI:10.18111/9789284424344.PublishedbytheWorldTourism

Organization(UNWTO),

Madrid,Spain.Firstprinting:June2023Allrightsreserved.WorldTourism

Organization(UNWTO)CalledelPoetaJoanMaragall,4228020MadridTel.

:(+34)

915678100Fax:

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915713733Website:

E-mail:

info@SpainThe

designations

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imply

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part

of

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the

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International

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territory,

city

or

area,

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JICA

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ofmanufacturers

doesnotimplythattheyareendorsedorrecommendedbyUNWTOorJICAinpreferencetoothersofasimilarnaturethatarenotmentioned.Citation:

WorldTourism

Organization(2023),

AchievingtheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsthroughTourism

–Toolkit

ofIndicatorsforProjects(TIPs),UNWTO,Madrid,/10.18111/9789284424344.All

UNWTO/JICA

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SakakibaraTOOLKIT

OF

INDICATORS

FOR

PROJECTS

(TIPs)3TABLE

OF

CONTENTSAcknowledgmentsForeword8by

Mr.

Takao

Shimokawa,

Director

General

ofEconomicDevelopment

DepartmentJapanInternational

Cooperation

Agency

(JICA)by

Zoritsa

Urosevic,

ExecutiveDirector,

WorldTourism

Organization

(UNWTO)Executive

summary101112Part

I

|

Introducing

theToolkit

–

A

userguide1501Background16172020241.1

WhataretheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs)?1.2

TourismandtheSDGs1.2.1

Sustainabletourism1.2.2

The

tourismvaluechain02Why

this

toolkit

isneeded2829313232323535362.1

ObjectivesandexpectedresultsoftheToolkit2.2

Whyasetofproject-basedtourismindicators?2.3

Isthisanothersetofindicators?2.3.1

UnitedNationsGlobalIndicatorFrameworkandtheToolkit2.3.2

SustainabletourismmeasurementsystemsandtheToolkit2.4

Howtheindicatorswereselected–amethodologicalnote2.4.1

Natureofindicators2.4.2

Whyaresometargetsnotselected?03How

to

usethe

toolkit38404446464651533.1

Who

shouldusetheToolkit–rolesinprojectmanagement3.2

WhentousetheToolkitinaprojectcycle3.3

Howtoselecttheindicatorsforaproject3.3.1

PerSDGortarget3.3.2

Perthemeandsub-theme3.3.3

Disaggregatingindicators3.4

Introductiontopart

II4ACHIEVING

THE

SDGs

THROUGH

TOURISMPart

II|

Tourism-related

SDGtargets

andpotential

indicatorsIntroduction5557SDG1SDG2SDG3SDG4Endpoverty

inallits

formseverywhere58626364666768Target1.2Target1.3Target1.5Target1.aTarget1.bReducepoverty

byatleast50%ImplementsocialprotectionsystemsBuildresiliencetoenvironmental,economicandsocialdisastersMobilizeresourcestoimplementpoliciestoendpovertyCreatepro-poorandgender-sensitivepolicyframeworksTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesEndhunger,

achievefoodsecurity

andimprovednutritionandpromotesustainableagriculture697274767778Target2.1Target2.3Target2.4Target2.aAccess

tosafeandnutritiousfoodDoubleproductivityandincomeofsmall

scalefoodSustainablefoodproductionandresilientagriculturalpracticeInvestinrural

infrastructureagriculturalresearchandtechnologyTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesEnsurehealthylivesandpromotewell-beingforallatallages79828486878890Target3.3Target3.6Target3.8Target3.9Target3.dFightcommunicablediseasesReduceroadinjuriesanddeathsAchieveuniversalhealthcoverageReduceillnessesanddeathfromhazardouschemicalsandpollutionImproveearlywarningsystemsforglobalhealthrisksTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesEnsureinclusiveandequitablequalityeducationandpromotelifelonglearningopportunitiesforall9296Target4.3Target4.4Target4.5Target4.7Target4.aTarget4.bTarget4.cEqualaccesstoaffordabletechnical,vocationalandhighereducationIncreasethenumberofpeoplewithrelevantskillsforfinancialsuccessEliminatealldiscriminationineducation98100101102103104105EducationforsustainabledevelopmentandglobalcitizenshipBuildandupgradeinclusiveandsafeschoolsExpandhighereducationscholarshipsfordevelopingcountriesIncreasethesupplyofqualifiedteachersindevelopingcountriesTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG5Achievegenderequalityandempowerallwomenandgirls106110112114Target5.1Target5.2Target5.5Target5.aEnddiscriminationagainstwomenandgirlsEndallviolenceagainstandexploitationofwomenandgirlsEnsurefullparticipationinleadershipanddecision-makingEqualrights

toeconomicresources,property

ownershipandfinancialservices115116Target5.bTarget5.cTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesPromoteempowermentofwomenthroughtechnologyAdoptandstrengthenpoliciesandenforceablelegislationforgenderequality

117118TOOLKIT

OF

INDICATORS

FOR

PROJECTS

(TIPs)5SDG6Ensureavailabilityandsustainablemanagementofwaterandsanitationforall119Target6.2Target6.3Target6.4Target6.5Target6.6Target6.bProvideaccesstosanitationandhygiene122124126127128129130Improvewaterquality,wastewater

treatmentand

safereuseIncreasewater-useefficiencyandensurefreshwatersuppliesImplementintegratedwaterresourcesmanagementProtectandrestorewater-relatedecosystemSupportlocalengagementinwaterandsanitationmanagementTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG7SDG8Ensureaccesstoaffordable,reliable,sustainableandmodernenergyforall131134136138140Target7.2Target7.3Target7.bIncreaseglobalpercentageofrenewableenergyDoubletheimprovementinenergyefficiencyExpandandupgradeenergyservices

fordevelopingcountriesTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesPromotesustained,inclusiveandsustainableeconomicgrowth,fullandproductiveemploymentanddecentworkforall142147148150152154155157158160Target8.2Target8.3Target8.4Target8.5Target8.6Target8.7Target8.8Target8.9Diversify,innovate,andupgradeforeconomicproductivityPromotepoliciestosupportjobcreationandgrowingenterprisesImproveresourceefficiencyinconsumptionandproductionFullemploymentanddecentworkwithequalpayPromoteyouthemployment,educationandtrainingEndmodernslavery,traffickingandchildlabourProtectlabourrights

andpromotesafeworkingenvironmentsPromotebeneficialandsustainabletourismTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG9Buildresilientinfrastructure,promoteinclusiveandsustainableindustrializationandfosterinnovation161164165166167168169Target9.1Target9.3Target9.4Target9.5Target9.cDevelopsustainable,resilientandinclusiveinfrastructureIncreaseaccesstofinancialservices

andmarketsUpgradeallindustriesandinfrastructuresforsustainabilityEnhanceresearchandupgradeindustrialtechnologiesUniversalaccesstoinformationandcommunicationstechnologyTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG10

ReduceInequalitywithinandamongcountries170173175177179Target10.1Target10.2Target10.4Target10.7Target10.bReduceincomeinequalitiesPromoteuniversalsocial,economicandpoliticalinclusionAdoptfiscalandsocialpoliciesthatpromoteequalityResponsibleandwell-managedmigrationpoliciesEncouragedevelopmentassistanceandinvestmentinleastdevelopedcountries180182Targetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotes6ACHIEVING

THE

SDGs

THROUGH

TOURISMSDG11

Makecitiesandhumansettlementsinclusive,safe,resilientandsustainable183186188190191192193Target11.1Target11.2Target11.3Target11.4Target11.6Target11.aTarget11.bSafe

andaffordablehousingAffordableandsustainabletransport

systemsInclusiveandsustainableurbanizationProtecttheworld’sculturalandnaturalheritageReducetheenvironmentalimpactofcitiesStrongnationalandregionaldevelopmentplanningImplementpoliciesforinclusion,resourceefficiencyanddisasterrisk

reduction194195Targetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG12

EnsureSustainableConsumptionandProductionPatterns196Target12.1Implementthe10-yearsustainableconsumptionandproductionframework199201203Target12.3Target12.5Target12.6HalveglobalpercapitafoodwasteSubstantiallyreducewastegenerationEncouragecompaniestoadoptsustainablepracticesandsustainabilityreporting205206207208Target12.8Target12.bTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesPromoteuniversalunderstandingofsustainablelifestylesDevelopandimplementtoolstomonitorsustainabletourismSDG13

Take

urgentactiontocombatclimatechangeandits

impacts209212214215Target13.1Target13.2Target13.3Target13.bStrengthenresilienceandadaptivecapacitytoclimatedisastersIntegrateclimatechangemeasuresintopoliciesandplanningBuildknowledgeandcapacitytomeetclimatechangePromotemechanismstoraisecapacityforclimateplanningandmanagement216217Targetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG14

Conserveandsustainablyusetheoceans,seas,andmarineresourcesforsustainabledevelopment218221223224225226227Target14.1Target14.2Target14.5Target14.7Target14.bReducemarinepollutionProtectandrestoreecosystemsConservecoastalandmarineareasIncreasetheeconomicbenefitsfromsustainableuseofmarineresourcesSupportsmallscallfishersTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesTOOLKIT

OF

INDICATORS

FOR

PROJECTS

(TIPs)7SDG15

Protect,restore,andpromotesustainableuseofterrestrialecosystems,sustainablymanageforests,

combatdesertification,andhaltandreverselanddegradationandhaltbiodiversityloss228231232233234236237239240Target15.1Target15.2Target15.3Target15.4Target15.5Target15.7Target15.8Target15.9Target15.aConserveandrestoreterrestrialandfreshwaterecosystemsEnddeforestationandrestoredegradedforestsEnddesertificationandrestoredegradedlandEnsureconservationofmountainecosystemsProtectbiodiversityandnaturalhabitatsEliminatepoachingandtraffickingofprotectedspeciesPreventinvasivealienspeciesonlandinwaterecosystemsIntegrateecosystemsandbiodiversityingovernmentalplanningIncreasefinancialresourcestoconserveandsustainablyuseecosystemsandbiodiversity241242243Target15.cCombatglobalpoachingandtraffickingTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG16

Promotepeacefulandinclusivesocietiesforsustainabledevelopment,provideaccesstojusticeforallandbuildeffective,accountable,andinclusiveinstitutionsatalllevels244248250251253254255256Target16.1Target16.2Target16.3Target16.4Target16.5Target16.6Target16.7Target16.aReduceviolenceeverywhereProtectchildrenfromabuse,exploitation,traffickingandviolencePromotetherule

oflawandensureequalaccesstojusticeCombatorganizedcrimeandillicitfinancialandarmsflowSubstantiallyreducecorruptionandbriberyDevelopeffectiveaccountableandtransparentinstitutionsEnsureresponsive,inclusiveandrepresentativedecision-makingStrengthennationalinstitutionstopreventviolenceandcombatterrorismandcrime257258259Target16.bPromoteandenforcenon-discriminatorylawsandpoliciesTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesSDG17

StrengthenthemeansofimplementationandrevitalizetheGlobalPartnershipforSustainableDevelopment260263264Target17.3Target17.5Target17.6MobilizefinancialresourcesfordevelopingcountriesInvestinleastdevelopedcountriesKnowledgesharingandcooperationforaccesstoscience,technologyandinnovation265266267268269270271272Target17.9EnhanceSDGcapacityindevelopingcountriesTarget17.11

Increasetheexports

ofdevelopingcountriesTarget17.14

EnhancepolicycoherenceforsustainabledevelopmentTarget17.16

EnhancetheglobalpartnershipforsustainabledevelopmentTarget17.17

EncourageeffectivepartnershipsTarget17.18

EnhanceavailabilityofreliabledataTargetsnotincluded-TechnicalNotesAcronymsList

offigures,

tables

andboxesReferences

andbibliography2742772798ACHIEVING

THE

SDGs

THROUGH

TOURISMACKNOWLEDGMENTSAchieving

the

Sustainable

Development

Goals

throughTourism

–

Toolkit

of

Indicators

for

Projects

(TIPs)

wasjointly

coordinated

and

authored

by

teams

from

the

JapanInternational

Cooperation

Agency

(JICA)

and

the

WorldTourism

Organization

(UNWTO).

The

authoring

teamincludes

–

Midori

Barada

and

Tomomi

Sato

from

JICA;and

Philippe

Lemaistre,

Cláudia

Lisboa

and

RosanneWatson

from

UNWTO;

with

support

received

from

theJICA

study

team,

Yoshiko

Maruyama

(team

lead),

and

JunHirabayashi,

Junichi

(Jack)

Kumada,

Kosuke

Kuroda

andMasahikoNatori.JICA

and

UNWTO

express

its

sincere

appreciation

to

thefollowing

external

experts

for

their

invaluable

insightsand

advice

duringthe

development

of

this

publication:▬▬▬Temesgen

Assefa

(Ph.D.),

Senior

Consultant,

GlobalMarketing,

JTBTourism

Research

&

Consulting

Co.Aussama

Bejraoui,

Policy

Analyst,

Organisation

forEconomic

Co-operation

and

DevelopmentPeride

Blind

(Ph.D.),

Senior

DevelopmentCoordination

Officer,

Strategic

Planner,

Team

Lead,Resident

Coordinator’s

Office,

United

Nations,GuatemalaSpecial

thanks

go

to

Kevin

Halliwell,

for

his

proofreadingwork,

Mar

Santiago

of

Impacto

Creativo

for

the

layoutand

design

of

the

publication,

and

Juliana

Contrerasfrom

UNWTO

Publications

for

her

revisions

and

kindguidance.

Gratitude

is

extended

to

the

following

UNWTOcolleagues

for

their

tireless

support

and

constructivecontributions:

Addaia

Arizmendi,

Natalia

Bayona,

SusanaCosta

Resende,

Orianne

Derrier,

José

Ricardo

DiazArdila,

Marina

Diotallevi,

Virginia

Fernandez-Trapa,Patrick

Fritz,

Nikolaos

Gkolfinopoulos,

Dr.

Dirk

Glaesser,Sofía

Gutiérrez,

Katsuhisa

Ishizaki,

Peter

Janech,

MarcelLeijzer,

Joyce

Marian

Magsino,

Hiroaki

Oikawa,

ChiakiOya,

Benjamin

Owen,

Rosa

Alba

Ruffo,

Samiti

Siv,

IgorStefanovic,

Cordula

Wohlmuther

and

Junko

Yoshida.

Thepublication

also

benefited

from

the

close

supervision

ofUNWTOExecutive

Director,ZoritsaUrosevic.▬Finn

Bolding

Thomsen,

International

Director,Green

Key

International

Director,

Foundation

forEnvironmental

Education▬▬▬Jorge

Bonilla,

Researcher,

Colombian

TourismThinkingCentre

–

COTELCO

UNICAFAMDeepak

Chand,

Manager

Research

and

Statistics,Pacific

Tourism

OrganizationMikaela

Christiansson,

Development

CoordinationSpecialist

(SARC),

Resident

Coordinator’s

Office,United

Nations,

Guatemala▬▬Chris

Cocker,

Chief

Executive

Officer,

Pacific

TourismOrganizationAhmedA.

R.Eiweida,Global

Coordinator

for

CulturalHeritage

and

Sustainable

Tourism,

Viet

Nam

SectorLeader

for

Sustainable

Development,

World

BankDavid

Ermen

(Ph.D.),

Tourism

Expert,

DestinationCapacity▬▬▬▬The

contents

were

advised

by

the

following

JICAcolleagues:

Doris

Holguin,

Takahiko

Makino,

Aoba

Niki,Masayo

Terakado

and

Takafumi

Ueda.

The

publicationalso

received

the

kind

support

of

Keiji

Ishigame,

JICASenior

Director

and

Shingo

Morihata,

JICA

DeputyDirector

General

and

Group

Director

for

Private

SectorDevelopment,

Economic

Development

Department.Hideki

Furuya

(Ph.D.),

Professor,

Department

ofInternational

Tourism

Management,

Toyo

UniversitySergio

Guerreiro,

Senior

Director,

KnowledgeManagement

&

Innovation,

Turismo

PortugalDale

Honeck,

Former

Senior

Counselor,

World

TradeOrganization

(retired)TOOLKIT

OF

INDICATORS

FOR

PROJECTS

(TIPs)9▬▬Kazutaka

Iijima,

Chief

Official,

Visitor

ExperienceImprovement,

Japan

Tourism

Agency▬▬▬▬▬Yoshihiro

Tabata,

Deputy

Director,

Office

forInternational

affairsDivision,

Japan

Tourism

AgencyRyo

Ito,

Manager,

Promotion

StrategySection,GlobalStrategy

Headquarters,

Japan

National

TourismOrganizationAkito

Tadokoro,

Senior

Director,

Strategy&Partnerships,Tokyo

Convention

&

VisitorsBureauShota

Tashiro,

Chief

Officer,

Office

for

InternationalaffairsDivision,

Japan

Tourism

AgencyTakafumi

Ueda,

Senior

Staff,

Nara

PrefecturalGovernment▬▬Executives

and

employees

of

Kanagawa

Shinkin

BankMasato

Karashima

(Ph.D.),

Associate

Professor,KobeUniversity▬Kumi

Kato

(Ph.D.),

Professor,

Faculty

of

Tourism,EvaMarieWüstVestergaard,SustainableWakayamaUniversity,HappinessInstitute,Development

Officer,

High

Representative

for

theLeast

Developed

Countries,

Landlocked

DevelopingCountries,

and

Small

Island

Developing

States(UN-OHRLLS)Musashino

University▬▬▬Hiroaki

Konishi,

Executive

Advisor,

Nakazawa

VillageCorporationHiroakiMatsuura(Sc.D.),Provost

and

Vice

Presidentfor

Academic

Affairs,Shoin

UniversityShinichi

Nakamura,

Chief

Researcher,

RegionalDevelopment

Division,

ANA

Strategic

ResearchInstitute

Co.Ltd.▬Tatsunori

Yasumoto,

Director,

Research&

StudyDepartment,Japan

Travel

and

Tourism

Association▬▬Kazuhiro

Nakazawa,

President

&

CEO,

NakazawaVillageCorporationHelena

Rey

De

Assis,

Programme

Officer,Consumption

and

Production

Unit,

United

NationsEnvironment

Programme▬▬▬▬Kensuke

Sakurai,

Assistant

Executive

Director,

AkitaInu

TourismMasatoshi

Shimoda,

Business

Management

Advisor,AsukaVillage

Commercial

and

Industrial

AssociationTadashi

Shimura,

President,

Japan

Association

ofTravel

AgentsFriedrich

Soltau,

Chief

of

Intergovernmental

Policy&Review

Branch,

Office

for

IntergovernmentalSupport

and

Coordination

(OISC)/United

NationsDepartment

of

Economic

and

Social

AffairsUN

DESA)▬Penny

Spoelder,

Senior

Associate,

TRCTourism10ACHIEVING

THE

SDGs

THROUGH

TOURISMFOREWORDMR.

TAK

AO

SHIMOK

AWADIRECTOR

GENERAL

OF

ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT

DEPARTMENTJAPAN

INTERNATIONAL

COOPERATION

AGENCY

(JICA)Tourism

has

become

an

indispensable

part

of

our

lives.Over

the

last

two

decades,

the

number

of

internationaltourist

arrivals

has

more

than

doubled,

which

resultedin

a

significant

share

of

tourism

in

each

country’s

tradeand

economy.

Creating

1

out

of

10

jobs

globally,

tourismprovides

opportunities

to

reduce

economic

and

socialdisparities,

conserve

natural

and

cultural

resources,

andfoster

civic

prideand

social

cohesion.This

Toolkitpresents

aset

of

indicators

that

can

be

appliedto

tourism

projects

in

international

development

settingsand

the

tourism

business,

destination

management,community

development,

academic

research,

publicadministration,

etc.

The

Covid-19

pandemic

hashighlighted

the

importance

of

sustainable

tourism;

and

itsrelevance

to

addressing

the

needs

of

visitors,

the

tourismindustry,

the

environment

and

host

communities

is

morethan

ever.JICA

recognizes

tourism

as

a

strong

driver

for

sustainabledevelopment.

Since

the

1970s,

JICA

has

supportedtourism

development

across

countries,

collaborating

withgovernment

counterparts,

the

private

sector,

academics,civil

societies

and

international

development

partners.UNWTO

has

been

an

essential

partner

for

JICA,

and

thecooperation

between

the

two

organizations

was

furtherenhanced

in

2017

with

the

signature

of

a

Memorandumof

Cooperation.

In

2018,

in

collaboration

with

UNWTO,JICA

carried

out

the

study

Achieving

the

SDGs

throughSustainable

Tourism

Development:

The

Impact

ofdonor-supported

Tourism

Projects,

which

analysed

thecontribution

of

tourism

projects

to

the

achievement

of

theSDGs.

The

research

confirmed

the

relevance

of

tourismin

all

SDGs.

Still,

it

also

identified

the

considerable

needto

develop

a

method

to

measure

the

impact

of

tourismprojectssystematically

and

objectively.Many

of

the

targets

of

the

SDGs

are

set

to

be

achievedby

2030,

but

the

importance

of

sustainable

tourism

andresponsible

actions

by

all

tourism

stakeholders

remainssignificant

beyond

2030.

The

indicators

presented

in

thistoolkit

will

disseminate

the

value

of

tourism

in

creatingbetter

places

for

people

to

live

in

and

visit.Thistoolkit

willhelp

you

to

make

transformative

and

collective

actions

foraccelerating

sustainable

development

across

countries.TOOLKIT

OF

INDICATORS

FOR

PROJECTS

(TIPs)11FOREWORDZORITSA

UROSEVICEXECUTIVE

DIRECTORWORLD

TOURISM

ORGANIZATION

(UNWTO)The

World

Tourism

Organization

(UNWTO)

and

JapanInternational

Cooperation

Agency

(JICA)

have

alwaysbeen

at

the

forefront

of

placing

tourism

as

key

sector

forsustainable

development,

recognizing

the

critical

role

itplays

in

advancing

the

2030

Agenda.The

indicators

presented

in

this

toolkit

can

be

appliedto

various

tourism

activities

and

serve

as

a

requirementfor

development

partners.

At

the

same

time,

they

offerevidence-based

guidelines

to

prioritize

sustainablepractices

and

ensure

the

long-term

well-being

of

peopleand

planet.

The

set

of

indicators

also

serve

as

a

powerfultool

to

highlight

the

value

of

tourism

in

creating

betterplaces

for

people

to

live

and

visit,enabling

transformativeand

collective

actions

that

accelerate

sustainabledevelopment

across

countries.The

17

universal

Sustainable

Development

Goals

providearoadmap

for

incorporating

the

economy

into

thedevelopment

agenda.

Tourism,

as

a

services

trade,

wasthe

third

largest

export

earnings

category

after

fuelsand

chemicals

in

2019.

However,

official

developmentassistance

(ODA)

flows

remain

a

long

way

off

reachingsufficient

level

of

supportfor

the

sector.ThisToolkit

broadensandcomplimentsUNWTO’s

ongoingwork

to

promote

knowledge

and

design

better

tourismpolicies.

It

aims

to

enhance

awareness

of

the

SDGs

at

thelocal,

national

and

international

level.

By

understandingthe

different

goals

and

targets

of

the

SDGs

through

thelens

of

tourism,

we

can

catalyze

transformative

actionsand

create

a

more

inclusive,

sustaina