高一英语模块四第一单元教案

PAGEPAGE4牛津英语高一模块四第一单元教案徐前进江苏省黄桥中学二00五年五月Period1.Welcometotheunit1.handout1)免费分发的印刷品(如广告,传单,讲义),分发的救济品Pleasereadthe~carefully.Duringthefloodmanythousandsofpeoplesurvivedon~.靠救济品存活2)发给大家,散发AttheChristmaspartySantaClaushandedoutthepresentsunderthetrees.Willyouhelpmeto~theleafletatthemeeting.2.statistics1)统计数字,作复数Statisticsshowthattherearemoreboysthangirlsatschool.Haveyoustudiedtherecentdivorce~?2)统计学,不可数~isarathermodernbranchofductn.产品Thecompanysellsplasticproducts.这家公司出售塑料制品。producevt/vi生产，制造producewoolengoods生产毛织品n农产品或自然产品的总称thefieldproduceistransportedbywatertotheneighbouringcities.农产品通过水路运往邻近的城市。productiveadj能生产的，肥沃的aplantwhichisproductive多产的植物productiveland肥沃的土地可能产生……的discussionsthatseemtobeproductiveonlyquarrels似乎只会导致口角的讨论Productionn.生产，制造（指生产的行为），产量Productionisupthismonth.本月产量上升。Productivityn.生产力increaseproductivity增加生产力3.service1)可数,服务,帮助,贡献Doyouneedtheservicesofadoctor?你需要医生的服务吗？Thehoteloffersgoodservices.这家旅馆提供良好的服务。Hedidmeaservice.他帮助过我.2)可数,公共服务,公共设施,劳务Essential~swillbemaintained.基本的公共服务设施将会得到保障.Therearegoodbankingandinsurance~s.银行和保险服务Wegetexportearningsfromgoodsand~s.用货物和劳务创收外汇3)不可数,任职,用处,服务Hehadtenyears’~inthenavy.他在海军服役十年。Theoldmanhadmanyyearsoffaithful~tothecompany.那老人为公司忠实工作了多年。The~intheplaceisslow/bad.这里的服务很慢/很差。Youwillgetgood~fromthistypewriter.打字机对你有用atone’s~随时为…服务的ThoroughPPT,Tcanguidestudentstolookatsomecommercialadsandpublicserviceadsandthenaskquestionslikethese:T:Let’sharesomebeautifulpicturesfirst.Whatarethey?(advertisements)Asweknow,adsarepartsofourdailylife.Wecanseethemeverywhere,especiallywhenwewatchTV.Doyoulikethem?T:Lookatthesepictures.Canyouguesswhatkindofproductorserviceisbeingadvertised?(Tthenshowssomepicturesinpartofwelcomingtotheunit)Advertisementisnowplayinganimportantpartinourlife.Doyouknowhowmanykindsarethere?Anddoyoubelievethatadstellthecompletetruth?Let’slookatastoryonP2:Advertisement.Step2R1.FastreadingGuidestudentsgothroughthewholearticle,especiallypayattentiontothetitlesandthesubtitlesofthearticle.T:whatdoyouthinkmightbediscussedinthearticlefromthetitle?AfterSsfinishreading,Tthengoonaskingsomequestionsaboutthepassage.Q:Whatdoadvertisementsencouragepeopletodo?WhatdoesPSAsstandfor?WhatarePSAsmeanttodo?2.IntensivereadingInviteonestudenttoreadthefirstpassageandinvitestudentstogetthegeneralideaofthepassage.DetailreadingReadthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhetherthestatementsinthefollowingistrueorfalse.Advertisementsarefoundinmanyplaces.PSAsareonlyfoundinnewspapers.Alladvertisementstellthecompletetruth.PSAsandcommercialadsusesomeofthesamemethods.Commercialadscanoftengiveusvaluableinformationabouthowtoliveourlives.AnadwarningpeopleagainstsmokingisanexampleofaPSA.(1T2F3F4T5F6T)Discussthestructureofthisarticle.Howmanypartsisthisarticledividedinto?Part1introductionofthisarticlePart2supportingdetailsPart3conclusionTthenaskSstoreadreadingstrategy:howtoreadaexpositorywritingandtellthemexpositorywritingusuallyfollowsthesamebasicformat.Sowhenreadingexpositorywriting,weshouldpayattentiontotheinformationthatcomesafterastatement.Thisinformationusuallysupportsthemainidea.e.g.Let’slookatparagraph3.Whatisthesubjectofthispart?Whatinformationsupportstheidea?Whatistheconclusion?(4).ReadingcomprehensionAskSstosummarizethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenthetwotypesofadvertisements.TypesofadsSimilaritiesdifferencesExamplesPlacesfoundMethodsusedpurposesvalidityCommercialadsBillboards,newspapers,magazines,theInternet,radio,televisionPersuasivelanguage,excitingimagesTopromoteaproductorserviceTheydonottellyouthecompletetruth.‘Bright-teethfightsbadbreath!’‘Youareproudofyourcooking,soshouldn’tyoubuytheveryfreshestfood?’PSAsToeducatepeopleabouthealth,safetyoranyotherissuewhichaffectspublicwelfareTheyarehelpfulandwecanlearnalotbyfollowingtheadvicetheygive.‘Yestolife,notodrugs’‘Knowledgechangeslife’‘ProjectHope—schoolingeverychild’‘smokingiscommittingsuicideslowly’Step3DiscussionNowadsarebecomingpartsofourdailylife.Doyoulikethem?Doyouthinkitisnecessary?Let’shaveadiscussion.Step4conclusionandhomeworkPrepareforlanguagepointsandunderlinethedifficultonLanguagePoints1.meanmeantodo打算做某事ImeanttogotoNanjingtomorrow.我打算明天去南京。meandoingsth意味着做某事Gettinguplatemeansbeinglateforschool.meanadj.吝啬的Heisameanman.2.beusedtodo/(doing)sth.getaccustomedto(get,become,grow)usedtohappenedinthepastItisusedtocleantheblackboard.Iamnotquiteusedtolivinghere/citylife.Hehasbeenusedtotheweatherhere.Beforecominghere,Johngotuplateinthemorningbutnowheisusedtogettingupearly.IusedtoliveinNanjing.Iusednot/didn’tusetolivehere.Thereusedtobealotoftrees,didn’tthere?Ex.Thenewmachine_____production.HoweverI_____it.(A)isusedtoincrease;amnotusedtocontrollingisusedtoincreasing;don’tusedtocontrolusedtoincrease;don’tusedtocontrolusedtoincreasing;amnotusedtocontrol3.research:1)n.do/conductresearchon:I’mdoing~onads.我正在做关于广告的研究。2)V.tostudyItisimportantforabusinessmanto~themarket.商人研究市场很重要.4.sharewith:usesth.togetherwithI’dliketosharemybookwithyou.She_____mytroublesaswellasmyjoys.(B)A.shareswithB.shares(in)5.provide1)~sbwithsth;~sthtosb;Parents~theirchildrenwithfoodandclothing.Heworkedhardto~foodandclothesforhisfamily.Iamalready~dwithallIneed.2)~for:养活,提供生活费用;~against准备应付Hehasalargefamilyto~for.Hehasnoworries,onlyhimselfto~for.Haveyou~dagainstacoalshortagenextwinter?3)provided(that)/providing(that)=onlyif;solongasProvided/Providing(that)/Supposingthereisnooppositionwe’llholdthemeetinghere.I’llgoprovided/providing(that)myexpensesarepaid.6.persuasive有说服力的,令人信服的~manner晓之以理的态度~argument令人信服的论据~reasons有说服力的理由~article有说服力的文章7.encourage:givesupportorconfidencetosb.Don’tencouragebadhabitsinachild.Theteacher~dhertowatchEnglishfilms.老师鼓励她看英文电影.8.believein:tohavefirmfaithinManypeoplebelieveinGod.believe/believeinIdon’tbelieveinghosts.Ibelievethatstoriesofghostsweremadeupbyhumanbeings.9.promote1)促进,提倡,推广Wemust~stabilityandunity.Milk~shealth.Thetalkdiscussedhowto~thefriendshipbetweenthetwocountries.Themethodmustbe~deverywhere.2)晋级,升职Hewas~dtotherankofthe1stmate.(大副)Soonhewas~dtobeanengineer.Despitethedifficultieshewas~dtothe4thgrade.promotionn.推销,宣传(活动),提升,晋级10.forfree:freeofcharge/withoutpaymentYoucantaketheticketforfree.Everychildcangetabookforfree.每个孩子都会得到一本免费的书.11.intendto:design/meantodosth.,~+n/-ving/todo/that;~+复合宾语We~ednoharm.Ihearthey~marrying/tomarry.Iintendedtodoit,butI’mafraidIforgot.Doyou~tomakealongstayhere?He~edthathissonshouldinherit(takeover)hisbusinessI~youtotakeover.Let’saskhimwhathe~ustodo.Thebookisnot~edtoenlargevocabulary.Thebuildingwas~edtobeamuseum.Thesweetwineis~edtobedrunkafterameal.Whathesaidatthemeeting____makeustosupporthisidea.A.intendedtoB.intendstoC.wasintendedtoD.isintended注意:sth同:intend/meantodosthsbtodosthintend/meanforTheyintend/meannoharm.Whatdoyouintend/meantodo?Whatdoyouintend/meanustodo?Thebookisintended/meantforyou异:intendtodo/doingsth=meantodo;meaningdoing意味着meansbsth(intend没有);intendthat打算;meanthat意味着mean有意义,有价值12.protect…from…:keepsb/sthsafefromWeshouldprotecttheearthfrompollution.Peopleusuallywearsunglassestoprotecttheireyesfrombeingburnedbythesunlight.人们通常戴太阳镜以妨眼睛被太阳灼伤.Morerelativephrases:protect/prevent…(from)…stop/keep…from…13.lie:lied(pt,pp),lying(presp)vt.说谎~tosb.aboutsth.Shewaslying!Sheliedtomeaboutherage!lie:lay(pt)lain(pp)lying(presp)vi.平躺Hehaslaininbedsincethismorning.lay:laid(pt,pp)laying(presp)vt.放置Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.Helaidthebookonthedeskandtoldmethathehadlaininbedforthewholemorning.ButIknewthathewaslyingtome.14.cure1)V~sbofsthThedoctor~dherofherhearttrouble.Hewas~doflungcancer.Theillnesscan’tbe~deasily.Thefreshaironthefarm~dmeofmyheadache.2)可数名词,治愈,药剂,疗法Thedoctorcan’tguaranteea~.Isthereacertain~forcanceryet?Hehastriedallsortsof~s,butwithoutsuccess.connect:bringtogether/join,常与to和with搭配Thetaperecorderis~edtoaloudspeaker.Please~thiswiretothenextone.Thetwocitiesareconnectedbyarailway.Sheisconnectedwithafamousfamily.Youshouldnotconnectthetwodifferentthingstoeachother.I’llconnectyouwithMr.Wangimmediately.接通王先生的电话connection:n.inconnectionwithTheyareinconnectionwiththecase.与…有关联16.fallforsth.:tobetricked,受…的骗,相信…:~sb/sth热衷,开始恋爱,倾倒Youshouldbecleverenoughnottofailforhistricks.HesaidthathewasastudentandIfellforit.信以为真Dickfellforbaseballwhenhewasalittleboy.Theymet,fellforeachotherandgotmarriedsixweekslater.HelenwassuchaprettygirlthatBillfellforher.fallguy:personwhoistrickedHowcouldyoubeeasilycheatedbyhiswords?Youarereallyafallguy.fallforsb:beattractedtosb.Theymet,fellforeachotherandgotmarriedsixweekslater.Morephrasesaboutfallfalldown:failTheplanfelldownbecauseitprovedtobetooexpensive.fallintosth:developsthYoucannotfallintothebadhabit—smokingalot.falloff:decreaseTheproductionhasfallenoffsincelastmonth.falltodoingsth:begintodoTheyfelltothinkingaboutwhathadhappenedtothem.17.playtrickson:playajokeonChildren,aswellasadults,usuallyplaytricksoneachotheronHalloween.Theteacheraskedusnottoplaytricksoneachotheranymore.trick:V.tricksb.intodoingsth.Shetrickedhimintogivingherallhismoney.18.commitvt.做错事，犯错误，犯罪shecommittedanunforgivableerror.她犯了一个不可原谅的错误。Theoldmancommittedsuicide.那老人自杀身亡。Vt.把……交托给，把……提交给，把……押交，判处Icommittedthemattertohiscare.我把此事交给他处理。Vt.使承担义务，使表态，连累，后常跟反身代词oneself作宾语Youdon’thavetocommityourselfatthisstage.在这个阶段你不需要承诺什么。Youdon’thavetocommityourselfnow，justthinkaboutit.你不必现在表态，只需考虑干这件事。Exerciseforconsolidation:beusedtodoresearchonplaytricksonshare…withencouragebelieveinlieforfreeprotect…fromintendtobeawareofconnect…withfallfor1Youshouldshareyourbookswithyourdesk-mate.2Iamusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.3Heintendedtofinishtheprojectaheadoftime,buthefailed.4Iwillneverfallforthewordsofdoor-to-doorsalesman5IneverbelieveinGod.6Sheisawareofthedangeraroundher.7Youwillgetabookforfree.8Theteacheraskedustodoresearchonenvironmentprotection.9Thespecialclotheswillprotectyoufrombeingattackedbywildanimals.WordpowerStep1BrainstormingWritethefollowingwordsontheBbandaskstudentstoanalysethepartofspeechofeachword.health/healthy/interest/interesting/decide/decided/decisionhappy/happily/happiness/unhappyTellthemthewaytoguessthemeaningsofthenewswordstheycomeacrosswhenreading.Step2IntroductionofusingsuffixesNoun+y/ly/ic/al/ous/ful/ish/an/ible/→adj.health→healthywealth→wealthyweek→weeklymonth→monthyday→dailyhero→heroicorigin→originaldanger→dangerousmountain→mountainouspoison→poisonoushelp→helpfulcare→carefulbeauty→beautifulAttention:changethefinalletterofawordbeforeaddingasuffix.Fame→famouscompete→competitivepersuade→persuasiveStep3Consolidation：Finishtheexercisesonpage6and7.Step4Languagepointsbetiredof=besickof对厌烦Shehasbecometiredofdoingsuchthings.这样的事,她她已经干厌了.betiredout=bewornout累坏了Theworktiredmeout.这工作使我精疲力竭.Shewastiredoutbythejourney.这次的旅行把她累坏了.betiredwith=betiredfrom因为而疲劳feeltired/histiredvoice/hertiredlook/hertiredfeettiringjobs/tiringwork/boringspeechfeellike后接名词,动名词,从句.Itfeelslikerain/snow

Ifeellikeheistellingalie.

Ifeellikegoingtobed.

Doyoufeellikeacupofcoffee?onsale(美式英语)降价出售;(英式英语)出售

forsale待售available:可用的,可得到的,通用的,有效的

beavailabletosb

Freemedicalserviceisavailabletoeverycitizeninthiscountry.

这个国家每个公民都可以享受免费医疗.

Thesegoodsareavailableforexport.

这些是供出口的商品.

beavailableforsthdiscount作名词,(可数或不可数),意为”折扣”,”减价”.Thesegoodssellatadiscount.这些商品打折出售.Theyallowedustenpercentdiscountoff/onthepricesofgoods.

他们给我们按货价打九折.

discount:作动词,意为”打折扣”,”认为不重要””对不全信”

Theydiscounttwentypercent.他们打八折.Hisrichexperienceisnottobediscounted.他的丰富经验不可小看.6.ensure1)“确保,保证”=makesure”

Thebookensuredhissuccess.

Pleaseensurethatallthelightsareswitchedoffatnight.

夜间务必把所有的灯关掉.

Ican’tensurehisbeingthere/thathewillbethere.我不能确定他会及时到那儿.

2)“保证得到”=makesbcertaintogetThesepillsshouldensureyouagoodnight’ssleep.这些药可以保你睡一宿她觉.3)“保护,使安全”=makesafe

Parentsshouldensuretheirchildrenagainst/fromdanger.

父母应保护孩子免受危险.

Schoolsmustensurestudentsagainst/fromrisks.

学校应保护孩子免受冒险活动.7.quality:作不可数名词,意为”质量”.

Ourgoodsareofhigh/goodquality.我们的产品质量好.Webuyproductsoffirst-ratequality.我们质量第一的产品.

作不可数名词,意为”特性””品性””才能”

他是一位有许多优点的人.语法：直接引语和间接引语directspeech(directnarration)直接叙述的话语，即直接引语。（thestyleusedinwritingtoreportwhatsomeonesaidbyrepeatingtheiractualwords.）reportedspeech(indirectspeech)转告引述的话语，即间接引语。（thestyleusedinwritingtoreportwhatsomeonesaidwithoutrepeatingtheiractualwords.）Notes:引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时，通常用whether或if引导，而引述选择疑问句时，一般只能用whether引导。E.g.:“Doeshereallymeanit?”Iwonderedwhether/ifhereallymeantit.“Theyliveingroups,don’tthey?”Heaskedwhether/iftheylivedingroups.“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”Sheaskedmewhetherthisbookwasmineorhis.引述特殊疑问句时，用原句中的wh-词引导。E.g.:“Whydidn’tyoustopher?”HeaskedwhyIhadn’tstoppedher.3.引述陈述句时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常被省略）。e.g.:Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.3.引述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变成带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词，如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式的前面加上not。Shesaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”Sheaskedustositdown.Hesaidtohim,“Goaway!”Heorderedhimtogoaway.Hesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.在将直接引语变成间接引语时要特别注意几个变化：人称的变化：间接引语是转述别人的话，说话时由于角色的不同，人称代词要根据实际情况作相应的变化。规律：一主二宾三不变（即第一人称看主语；第二人称看宾语；第三人称不变化）e.g.MrBlacksaid,“I’mbusy.”MrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.“Doyoumindmyopeningallyourwindows?”heaskedus.Heaskedusifwemindedhisopeningallourwindows.2)时态的变化：如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。中主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。直接引语转换成间接引语时时态的变化例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来量过去将来时Hesaid,"I'mafraidIcan'tfinishthiswork."Hesaid,"I'musingtheknife."Shesaid,"IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay."Hesaid;"Icametohelpyou."Hesaid,"Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper."ZhouLansaid,"I'11doitafterclass."Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn'tfinishthatwork.Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.ZhouLansaidthatshewoulddoitafterclass.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语转换成间接引语时的变化例句直接引语间接引语thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenext(following)dayheretherecomegoShesaid,"Iwillcomethismorning."Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."Hesaid,"Itisnineo'clocknow.Hesaid,"Ihaven'tseenhertoday."Shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday."Shesaid,“I'11gotheretomorrow.?“Hesaid,"Mysisterwasherethreedaysago."Shesaid,"Iwillcomeherethisevening."Shesaidthatshewouldgothatmorning.Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.Hesaidthatitwasnineo'clockthen.Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenext(following)day.Hesaidthathissisterhadbeentherethreedaysbefore.Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening.Somelanguagespoints:1.thrilling1)形容词,”惊险的”,“令人兴奋的”.Therewasathrillingfinishtotherace.赛跑结果令人兴奋.2)名词,可数,一阵强烈的情绪(快乐,激动,恐惧);使人兴奋的事情.

Hefeltathrillthemomenthegotintothetheatre.他一走进剧院就感到一阵激动.

MeetingtheQueenwasagreatthrill.Themoviewasfullofthrills.2.overandover(again)一再地,反复地Herepeatedthestoryoverandoveragain.3.doseem“的确看起来“Hedoesspeakwell.Shedidcomeyesterday.4.otherthan除了=except

Isanybodyotherthanyourselfcoming?

You’llhavetousethischair;thereisnootherthanthis.在否定句中,相当于besidesBesidesyou,nooneisqualified.5.remind提醒,可接从句或不定式的复合结构.MayIremindyouthatthedinner–bellwillringpresently?我可以提醒你晚餐铃就要响了吗?Iwritetoremindyoutosendmethebill.我写信提醒你把帐单寄给我.Iremindhimofhispromise.

Doyouremindhimaboutthebookheborrowed?你给他提醒过他借的那本书了吗?6.learningsoft:学习软件,动名词作定语,表示它的性质和类别.如:sleepingtrain/dining-room/sitting-room/singingcompetition7.user-friendly(尤指计算机硬件,程序等)易操作的,易懂的,易学的.8.wheneverpossible=wheneveritispossibleComeandseemewheneveryouwantto.9.eye-catching抢眼的,由名词+动词+ing构成.如:peace-loving热爱和平的10.makesb+adj.makemeashamedofmyselfmakethestreetaslightasdaymakesbawareofthedangerPeriod5-6Taskandproject1.increase既可做名也可做动，意为“增加，提高，增强”Therewasasteadyincreaseinproduction.生产出现了稳步增长。Foreigninvestmentsincreasedsixtimes.国外投资增加了六倍。Heincreasedthesizeofhisfarmyearbyyear.他逐年扩大了农场的规模。2.goup在句中表示“上涨，涨价”Everythingwentupexceptsalaries.除了工资以外，所有的东西都涨价了。Cottonhasgoneup.棉花涨价了。还可表示“上升，增长，升级”，“楼房等盖起来，修建起来”Nationalincomewouldgoupnextyearby8.6percent.国民收入将增长百分点。Thetemperatureisgoingup.气温要上升了。Therearesupermarketsgoingupeverywhere.到处都在建超市。Howmanyhouseshavegoneupthisyear?今年盖了多少房子？3.figure是“数字”Let’saddupthefigures.让我们把这些数字家起来。amount是“数量”Iamdoingacertainamountofwriting.我正在从事一定数量的写作。rate是“速度，速率”Thetrainisnowgoingatarapidrate.火车正快速奔驰。4.remain/staythesame表示“保持不变”，在此都是系动词，表示“继续保持，仍然处于某种状态”Sheremainedcalm.她保持镇静。Thedoorremainedclosed.门一直关着。Theshopstaysopentill7o’5.startoff表示“开始”，或“动身，出发”Theplaystartsoffwithamurder.这部戏以一场谋杀开始。Theboystartedoffacrossthefield.男孩动身穿越田野。短语startout也有“动身，出发”之意思Westartedoutfromhomeinthemorning.我们早晨从家里动身出发。Theprofessorendeduphisspeech.那位教授结束了他的演讲。endup还表示“最后（有某种结局），最后（成了），最后（到达某处）”Howdoesthestoryendup?这故事最后结局如何？Heendedupasheadofthefilm.他最后成了公司的头。Thecarendedupintheditch.最后汽车掉到沟里。5.vary表示“有差异，变化”做不及物动词Peoplevarygreatlyintheirideas.人们的想法有很大的差异。Thesortofthingvariesfrompersontoperson.这一类的事因人而异。vary做及物动词，表示“变换，是有变化”Youshouldvaryyourdiet.你应该变换你的饮食。Oldpeopledon’tliketovarytheirhabits.老人不喜欢改变他们的习惯。6.peak是动词，表示“达到高峰”Thefloodwatersshouldpeakatmidnight.洪水在午夜会达到高峰。当名词表示“山峰，浪峰，高峰”Themountainpeakwascoveredwithsnow.山顶覆盖着雪。7.drop句中做不及物动词，表示“降低，下降”还有“掉下，落下”Thepriceofsugarwilldropsoon.很快糖价就要下降。Theteapotdroppedoutofherhand.茶壶从她手中掉了下来。Hedroppedhisidea.他放弃了想法。drop还可表示“放下来，投下来”“放低，降低”Hedroppedhisbag.他把包放了下来。 Hedroppedhisvoice,breathingwithdifficulty.他压低声音，困难的呼吸着。8.outof…在文中“…中间有”Nineoutoftenpeoplewillagreewithwhatyousay.十分之九的人回同意你的观点。outof…还表示“从…出来；出于，由于；用完，卖完；失去，没有工作”Shewentoutoftheroom,takingtheflowerswithher.她拿着鲜花从房间里出来。Shediditoutofpity.她出于怜悯做这件事。Getoutoftheway.滚开。Hewassoonoutofpatience.他很快就失去了耐心。Weareoutofwater.我们的水用完了。9.consider表示“考虑”跟名词Willyouconsidermyrequest?你考虑一下我的要求好吗？跟从句Thehousekeeperconsideredhowshecouldanswer.管家考虑他应如何回答问题。跟动名词Imustconsidergivinganewcourse.我必须考虑教授一门新课程。跟由连接词引起的不定式短语Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?10.update表示“更新”，有时表示“使不过时，使现代化”Doyouwanttoupdateyourfurniturerecently?你最近想更新家具吗？11.Itseem(tome)that…觉得，仿佛感觉到，似乎好像Itseemstomethatsomeoneiscallingforhelp.我似乎感到有人在喊救命。Itseemsthatnobodyknewwhathadhappened.看来似乎没有人知道发生什么事了？seem还可做系动词，后面跟形容词，分词，名词，介短Thedoctorseemsverycapable.那个医生似乎很有能力。Sheseemsanunusuallyclevergirl.她看起来是个不同寻常的漂亮女孩。12.haveregretted后面跟的动名词的否定式nothavingdone跟不定式Iregrettosaytha