新概念英语第三册笔记第49课上课教(学)案

Lesson

49Theidealservant理想的仆人Newwordsandexpression生词和短语ramblinga.杂乱无章的（adj.凌乱无序的）(esp.ofabuilding,houseortown)extendingindifferentdirectionsirregularly,asifbuiltwithoutplanningaramblingstreet一条七扭八歪的街道aramblinghouse乱七八糟的房子aramblingroom凌乱的屋子aramblingcastle杂乱的城堡aramblingletter一封没条理的信Ramblevi.闲逛,漫步(troll,goforawalk/haveawalk,goforastroll/haveastroll);rambleabout,漫谈,聊天(talkorwriteinthedisorderway);植物的蔓延生长Theyrambledthroughthewood.Theoldladybegantorambleaboutheryouth.Thewildroserambledoverthefence.trampv徒步前进/Trampvt.徒步走,徒步旅行（本意是（尤指长时间地）重步行走，踏，踩）Trampn.步行,徒步旅行,徒步旅行者Trampn.流浪者,乞丐,妓女stroll[strəʊl]n.溜达,散步（=slowwalkingforpleasureinstreetoringarden）指不慌不忙地溜达goforastroll=goforawalk,takeastroll=takeawalkstrollv.闲逛,漫步--Heisstrollingalongtheroad.Strollern.散步者,流浪者Ramble[‘ræmbl]v.海岸、林中的漫步--Thecoupleareramblingintheforest.[英]漫步，尤指为消遣而在乡间闲逛Sentimentallyadv.感情上,多情地,（富情感地；多情地）Sentimental[ˌsentɪˈmentl]1、伤感的;多愁善感的2、情感上的，情感方面的~~value情感价值Sentimental=emotionalsensiblea.有知觉的，可感知的；明智的。Thepatientwasspeechlessbutstillsensible.病人虽然不能说话但仍然有知觉。sentimentala.多愁善感的，感伤的。Thenovelhasscenesfullofloveandloss;itissosentimental!小说有多处场景充满爱情的悲欢离合，真是感伤啊！sensitivea.敏感的，灵敏的。Thisfilmissensitivetolight.这种胶片对光很敏感。Sentiment1、情绪（具体的某种情绪，反美）2、观点;感想（anideaorfeelingthatsomeoneexpressesinwords）3、伤感;感情（isfeelingssuchaspityorlove）Sentimentsn.情操Thesentimentsofpity恻隐之心Asstudents,wemusthavdnoblesentiments.高尚从情操sentiment一般指由一种思想激起的感情，含较大的理智因素。affection指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情。feeling普通用词，含义广。多指具体的或心的感受，或表露出来的强烈情感。passion指极强烈的感情、尤指愤怒、爱好等。也常指两性间的爱情。emotion普通用词，词义中性。泛指因外界刺激而引起思想情感从细微变化到最强烈的发作。与思想相对的感情Lavishly[ˈlævɪʃli]a.慷慨地,大方地Lavish1、盛大奢华的2、挥霍的3、慷慨的belavishwith(begenerousingivingsomething)belavishwithtimebelavishwithmoneybelavishwithloveeg.HeislavishwithhistimeonwatchingTV.4、vt为…花很多钱;对…十分殷勤;对…大加赞赏用ona.挥霍的,浪费的,奢侈的=extravagant;vt乱花钱lavishmoneyonsb/sth在某人或某事上乱花钱Lavishcareonsb过度关心/宠爱==spoilTheladyalwayslavishhermoneyonbeautifulclothes..Lavishpraisesonsb.;大肆吹捧=nevergrudgedoing从未舍不得Grudgevt.舍不得给Grudge[grʌdʒ]v.不愿给,舍不得给（名词性用的更多一些）noun~(againstsb)积怨；怨恨；嫌隙HehasagrudgeagainsttheworldHe'samanwithagrudgeverb1、勉强做；不情愿地给；吝惜todoorgivesthunwillingly[V-ing]Igrudgehavingtopaysomuchtax[VN]HegrudgesthetimehespendstravellingtoworkExtravagant[ɪk’strævəgənt]adj.浪费的，奢移的，豪华的（wastefuladj.浪费的,不经济的）含有贬义,可指人花钱大手大脚,铺浪费;--extravagant

habitbeextravagantwithsth浪费什么东西用withGenerousa.慷慨大方的（（褒义词）不吝惜，大方的．慷慨的，善良的）begenerouswithhelpbegenerouswithtimebegenerouswithmoneybegenerouswithadviceliberaladj.慷慨的，大量的，丰足的；开明的；自由的beliberalwithmoneybeliberalwithhelpaliberalsupporterliberaldonationsWastefula.浪费的(反)thrifty,.economical,frugal[‘fru:gl]immaculatea.清洁的,无污点的spotless（verycleanandtidy）专八lookimmaculate…看上去一尘不染immaculaterooms整洁干净的房间immaculatebehaviors无可指责的行为spotlessadj.pure纯洁的，无暇的spotlessreputation无瑕疵的名誉spotlessrecord没有瑕疵的记录spotlesscharacter无可指责的性格flawlessadj.完美，无懈可击的havingnomistakes,marksorweaknessesflaw[flɔ:]n.瑕疵，小裂缝，小错，弱点；裂缝，裂纹vt&vi.使生裂缝，使有裂纹；使无效；使有缺陷（amistake,markorweaknessthatmakessomethingimperfect）fatalflaw致命的弱点parquet[ˈpɑːkeɪ]n.镶木地板banquetn.宴会n.镶木地板vt.铺镶木地板于；用镶木制；铺parquetfloor[建]镶木地板;木地板;地面拼花parquetblock镶木地板条块;[木]镶嵌木块较为普通的用语，木地板：woodflooringtimberfloorGleam[ɡliːm]v发光，闪光（v./n.发亮，闪光（发的光很柔和）toshinesoftly）1、[V]发微光；隐约闪光；闪烁toshinewithapaleclearlight2、[V]~(withsth)显得光洁明亮tolookverycleanorbright3、[V]~(with/insth)（眼睛）表露出，流露出；（在眼中）闪现4、微光（常指反光）5、少量；一丝；一线6、（感情的）表露，闪现同义词：glint特化的量词，一丝，egagleamofhope一丝希望sparkle指发出闪动的光或火星。glow指像冶炼铁和钢时发出的红光，或脸上，身体上健康的红光。n.白炽光（tosendoutbrightnessorwarmthwithoutflame.）发出微弱稳定的光vi1、暗淡的光2、(皮肤)泛出红光（健康或者兴奋）3、容光焕发n1、白炽光2、脸上的红光（一般是脸上，因为能看出）3、喜悦（引申出）gleam指透过间隔物或映衬于较暗背景上的微弱光线。也指闪光。twinkle闪烁；（眼睛）闪亮，闪闪发光。常用在星星或者眼睛flash:表示忽明忽暗的闪光，或突然发出随即消失的闪光，如闪电的光，手电筒的光，镜子的光线eg:Lighthouseisflashinginthedistance.glim:透过某种媒介而闪现的微弱的光线，如，透过大雾eg:Thoughthefog,wesawalighthouseglimming.glint:闪烁，由于迅速闪烁的微弱的光=shineforamomenteg:Thesunglintedthroughtheleaves.透过叶缝闪着微弱的光芒glisten:潮湿的物体上反射的光泽和光辉eg:Thewhitesnowglistenedinallthecolorsofrainbow.flicker:表示蜡烛。油灯在即将熄灭的时候的摇曳不定的光eg:Onthecoldnight,Isatinfrontoftheonlycandlewhichwasflickering.Preside[prɪˈzaɪd]指挥tobeinchargeofformalceremony主持工作incharge（[V]~(at/oversth)主持（会议、仪式等）；担任（会议）主席）1、Ifyoupresideoverameetingoranevent,youareincharge.做主持vi2、vt管理，指挥presideoverpresideoverbusiness主持业务presideoverameeting主持大会presideoveranauction主持一次拍卖presideoveraTVprogrampresideoveraprojectpresideat指挥whowillpresideattheparty?govern：(byrules)管理，统治治大国若烹小鲜governaschool侧重指运用任何控制的权力来统治或管理一个国家、一个社会或一个部门，暗含能力和知识的运用。dominatev.tohavepowerandcontrolvt.控制；支配；占优势；在…中占主要地位male-dominatedsociety男权社会manipulatev.操纵，摆布，控制manipulatefrombehind幕后操作manipulateapuppetgovernment操作一个傀儡政府conductv.组织，实施，进行；指挥（音乐）；带领，引导；举止，表现；传导（热或电）conductaband指挥一个乐队conducttheorchestra指挥一个交响乐团rule强调用绝对或独裁的权力来管理或统治。manage强调对具体事务机构进行管理，有时含受权管理或处理之意。Invisible看不见的，无形的1、看不见的2、无形的[ADJn]3、被忽视的4、隐身的invisibly1、看不见地2、无形地]invisibleearnings无形收益invisibleexports无形输出invisibleassets无形资产tangibleassets有形资产honestyintegrity诚信[ˈtændʒəbladj.有形的；切实的；可触摸的n.有形资产currentassets流动资产fixedassets固定资产Scrubv.擦拭,刷洗(用水,肥皂等擦洗)brush/polish:擦光、润色scrubsthcleanscrubtheinkstainsoffthecarpetPleasescrubyourcoat.Polishv.擦亮，使之闪闪发光,引申为润色(文章)Acarefullypolisharticlepolishshoes把鞋子擦亮polishfurniture把家具擦亮Rubv.擦，揉，搓，蹭eg.Myshoesarerubbing.我的鞋磨脚。ruboilonhisarmscour v.刷，擦tocleansththoroughlybyrubbingitwitharoughmaterialvt.彻底搜查scour:gothrough1、vt~sth(forsb/sth)（彻底地）搜寻，搜查，翻找（gothrough,turninsideout,searchthoroughly）2、vt~sth(out)（用粗糙的物体、用力）擦净，擦亮,3、vt~sth(away/out)|~sth(from/outofsth)(费力地)擦洗；洗涤；冲洗；（水、溪流）冲刷成；冲刷出Enlighteneda.开明的（开明的[表赞许]）（文明的；进步的；被启发的）treatingpeopleinkindandsensiblewayandunderstandingtheirneedsandproblemsenlightenedopinions开明的观点enlightenedslaveholderenlightenedsocietyenlightenedpolicyenlightenvt.启发，启蒙；教导，开导；照耀（正式用词）普通用词inspireenlightenmentmovement启蒙运动Fickleness变化无常fickle[ˈfɪkl]adj.善变的，多变的，变化无常的beinglikelytochangetheirmindaboutpeopleorthingsthattheylike专八薄情ficklelover善变的情人ficklemind花心fickleweather多变的天气ficklefortune命运多舛constant忠诚的，忠贞的（不变的；恒定的；经常的）aconstantwifeeg.Theonlyconstantischange.唯一不变的是变。Variableadj.variableclimate多变的气候Unrelentinga.不屈不挠的,不松懈的=Strong-minded(坚强的)+Continuousrelentvi发慈悲八级lastingforlongtimewithoutstopping除了表面的意思之外还含有两种语感：(1、oftenwithoutcaringwhethertheyhurtorembarrassotherpeople不留情面地坚持的2、无休止的(不愉快的事情))所以还可以被翻译为“无情的”twodaysofunrelentingrains连续两天的鱼twodaysofunrelentingactivities两天马不停蹄的活动makeanunrelentingefforttodosth不懈的努力makeanunrelentingpursuitforsth不懈的追求carryonanunrelentingsearchforsth持之以恒的寻找Disillusionvt.使幻想破灭（常用被动）（1、vt使醒悟2、n幻灭）名词：disillusionwithsth什么的幻灭disillusionment幻灭；醒悟illusion：n.幻想，错觉（“由于视觉，感觉的歪曲所造成的错觉”，也可能是“感情的因素所致的错觉”。）underillusionthat/undertheimpressionthat（同位语从句的活用）undernoillusionthat:没有…幻想eg:Weliveundernoillusionthatcountryisbeautiful.haveillusionabout/havenoillusionabout:对…不报有幻想delusion:妄想，错觉。侧重于强调精神病人无中生有的幻觉（通常用于表示“荒谬的见解”或被别人所“迷惑”，有时包含着“神经错乱”，或者“没有区别真假的能力”的含义；）或者illusion一般是自己产生，强调主体的感官，而delusion往往是由他人的某些行为所致Industriousnessn.勤奋arduous['ɑːdjʊəs]a.艰苦的，艰难的（needingalotofstrengthandeffort）需要付出很多精力，体力--StudyingEnglishisaarduousjob.Lifeisanardousjourney;soweshouldlearntocherishlife.ous结尾的形容词industrious[ɪn'dʌstrɪəs]a勤奋的，勤勉的，勤劳的hardworking普通用词laborious[lə'bɔːrɪəs]a费时费力的，劳神的，strenuous['strenjʊəs]a.费力的，艰苦的。须全力以付的，比arduous强烈的多，同时表示奋发的diligentadj.勤奋，刻苦的，认真的名词diligence勤奋六级adiligentworkeradiligentstudentindustrious指由习惯养成或天性形成的勤奋。diligent多指为一定的目的或追求而勤奋。hard-workinganassiduouscollectoroffolksongs一个有顽强毅力的民歌收集者workaholicn.工作狂qualification资格，能力（n.资格，执照，能力）qualifyvt.限定，修饰；使具有资格；证明…合格vi.取得资格，有资格academicqualification学历资格amedicalqualification医师执照qualificationcertificate书driver’slicense驾驶执照exportpermit出口证qualifyingmatch资格赛证明书；结业证书certify证明，保证proveMirthn.欢笑,高兴(欢笑;欢乐[文学性])专八Happiness,joy,merriment,fun,amusement,entertainment,delight,rapture,glee(欢欣),bliss(极乐)rapture：['ræptʃə]n.欣喜（欣喜若狂，狂喜，非常高兴/greatjoy/delight）inrapturesinrapturesover/aboutsth.对…欣喜若狂gointoraptures:feeldelighted感到非常高兴gointorapturesover/about/atsth.对…感到非常高兴joy/happiness比rapture相对普通用词eg:Wehaveagoodtimeandwearefullofhappiness.rapture>delight>joy在口语中，建议使用delightdelight:n.v.使高兴，使喜悦delighted:adj.eg:Ifeeldelighted./Iaminraptures.ecstasy:['ekstəsɪ]n狂喜，忘形；入迷；出神（非常投入的狂喜）bliss:[blɪs]极乐,无上的幸福。（n.极乐；天赐的福vt.使欣喜若狂vi.狂喜）eg:Nothingintheworldcanmakeyouhappierthanbliss.Recently,asoundsleepismybliss.Stackv整齐的堆放1、n量词：摞;堆2、vt堆起，摞起inneatpiles3、Stackup"Stack"ismorecontrolledandorderlycomparedto"pile"or"heap.""Heap"isconsideredbiggerthana"pile"Pileheap[hiːp]都是名词是堆，动词堆起，摞起词组~upcellarn.地窖Storeroomn.储藏室storehouse仓库cellar地窖[‘selə(r)]((私人或饭店的)酒窖)basement地下室（[建]基底，底部）Text课文ItisagoodthingmyauntHarrietdiedyearsago.itisgoodthing还好usedtosaythatyouaregladthatsthhashappenedbecausetherewouldhavebeenproblemsifithadnothappened形式主语我们接触到的that主从句时，that不可省，但是一些惯用巨型时可以省略。比如it’sapity..eg.Itwasagoodthingyouwerein.Ilostmykeytothedoor.eg.Itwasgoodthingthebabywassafeandsound,thoughthehousewasdamagedinthebomb.Ifshewerealivetodayshewouldnotbeabletoairherviewsonherfavouritetopicofconversation:domesticservants.Ifshewerealivetodayshewouldnotbeabletoairherviewson…airone’sviewson对…发表意见tosaypubliclywhatyouthinkaboutsthimportantair作为动词1、使通风2、晾；晾干英国英语3、radio/TVprogramme播出；播送4、（意见）公开发表；（程度高时）宣扬，夸耀airone’sopinionsonsthairone’stroubles倾诉烦恼airinterviewwiththePresident播出对总统的会见airone’sknowledge炫耀自己的知识eg.Thematchwillbeairedonchannel5,CCTVat8:00tonight.eg.Thewetblanketwantedairing.(wantdoing表示某事需要被备别人做了)…favouritetopicofconversation:domesticservants.domesticadj.1)家庭的，家务的，家用的（家的）domesticanimals家禽domesticviolence家庭暴力domesticduties家庭责任domesticexpenses家庭开销domesticservices家政服务domesticservants家仆2)国的domesticaffairs国事务domesticmarket国市场householdelectricappliance家用电器AuntHarrietlivedinthatleisurelyagewhenservantswereemployedtodohousework.Shehadahuge,ramblingcountryhousecalled'TheGables'.Countryhouse乡间别墅；郊区住宅Mansion[ˈmænʃn]n.豪宅，大厦，大楼，官邸ADreamofRedMansion红楼梦Residence住宅，宅邸Manor[ˈmænə(r)]n.庄园（庄园；领地，封地；采邑）Villan.别墅Cottagen.小屋；村舍；（农舍式的）小别墅Shewassentimentallyattachedtothishouse,foreventhoughitwasfartoobigforherneeds,shepersistedinlivingtherelongafterherhusband'sdeath.Shewassentimentallyattachedto…beattachedto爱惜，爱慕，依恋，景仰eg.Theloversaregrowingattachedtoeachother.eg.Thewifeisattachedtoherhusband.eg.IbegantobeattachedtoBeijing.Shewassentimentallyattachedtothishouse,foreventhoughitwasfartoobig…fartoobigmuchtoobig/alottoobigwaytoobig十万八千里副词做介宾（我们之前讲过介词短语做介宾）from

below从下方/from

above从上方副词用作介词宾语不算普通，主要见于以下特殊情况：1、(1)疑问副词用作介词宾词，不过这样用时，介词通常可以省略。如：Whereareyougoing(to)?2、(2)某些表地点的副词作用介词的宾语。如：①副词here和there用作along,around,down,in,near,on,over,round,through,under,up等介词的宾语。如：Yourhotelisquitenearhere.②副词home用作at,(away)from,closeto,near,toward(s)等的宾语。如：I’mathomeeveryevening.③副词abroad只用用作from的宾语，如：I’vegotaletterfromabroad.介词from后接behind,downstairs,upstairs,inside,outside,above,below,beneath,underneath,indoors,outdoors,within等表示地点的副词作宾语。(3)某些表时间的副词作用介词的宾语。如②before后接long,yesterday等作宾语。如：Ihopetowritetoyoubeforelong.③by后接now,tomorrow,then等作宾语。如：Helefttwohoursagoandheshouldbetherebynow.⑦till,until后接recently,late,later等作宾语。如：Shopsremainopentilllateintheevening.Beforeshegrewold,AuntHarrietusedtoentertainlavishly.beforeshegrewoldwhenshewasyoungbeforehedied:whenhewasaliveuptothetimeofhisdeathIoftenvisitedTheGableswhenIwasaboy.Nomatterhowmanyguestswerepresent,thegreathousewasalwaysimmaculate.Theparquetfloorsshonelikemirrors;highlypolishedsilverwasdisplayedingleamingglasscabinets;evenmyuncle'shugecollectionofbookswaskeptmiraculouslyfreefromdust.Theparquetfloorsshonelikemirrors…shonelikemirrorshighlypolishedgleaming均为有夸色彩的表达以形容房子的洁净。shone[ʃɔn]Br[ʃəun]AmTheparquetfloorsshonelikemirrors;highlypolishedsilverwasdisplayedingleamingglasscabinets…Cabinetn.(有玻璃门的)柜橱，壁柜，酒柜kitchencabinet智囊团Cabinet阁wardroben.衣橱，衣柜cupboardn.衣橱，碗柜askeletoninthecupboardcloset壁橱，小房间lockerroom更衣室…evenmyuncle'shugecollectionofbookswaskeptmiraculouslyfreefromdust.miraculousadj.神奇，不可思议（好运）completelyunexpectedandusuallyresultingfromextremegoodluckeg.Thearmywonamiraculousvictoryoveramuchstrongerenemy.miraculousrecoverymiraculousescapemiraculousimprovementmiraculously说也奇怪，也直是奇迹eg.Itwasaterribleaircrash,but,miraculously,noonewaskilled.miraclen．奇迹eg.Youmayaswelltryjogging-itworksmiraclesforme.AuntHarrietpresidedoveraninvisiblearmyofservantsthatcontinuouslyscrubbed,cleaned,andpolished.Shealwaysreferredtothemas'theshiftingpopulation',fortheycameandwentwithsuchfrequencythatIneverevengotachancetolearntheirnames.referto谈及，提到；与……相关(指的是)，涉及；查阅，参考referredreferringreferencen.提到；参考；查阅referto…as…把…称为refer….to…把…提交给….；让….参考….。theteacherreferredhimtothedictionary让他查字典in/withreferenceto…关于referto表查阅时的宾语是bookdictionary等工具lookup表查阅时宾语是word,information等容whenIamfacedwithdifficulty,Iusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorwebpages.shiftingpopulation流动人口/floatingpopulationshiftv.tomovefromoneplacetoanother转移；快速移动，稍微移动/改变；变换；改变观点；换挡eg.Hestoodthereinanxiety,shiftingfromonefoottotheother.他不安地尘在那里，轮流交叉着双腿。shiftattentionto将注意力转移到shiftemphasisto将重点转移到[ˈemfəsɪs]shiftfocusto将关注转移到learn通过努力或者某种行为去获知Thoughmyauntpursuedwhatwas,inthosedays,anenlightenedpolicy,inthatsheneverallowedherdomesticstafftoworkmorethaneighthoursaday,shewasextremelydifficulttoplease.Thoughmyauntpursuedwhatwas……pursuewhatwasanenlightenedpolicy.whatwasanenlightenedpolicy.算得上是一项开明的政策what引导了一个宾语从句pursuev.寻求，遵循，追赶（逐）名词pursuitpursueafriendlyandenlightenedpolicy奉行一项友好而开明的政策pursuehappinesspursuepleasurepursuefamepursuetruelovepursue指坚持不懈、毫不动摇地紧跟、追赶某人、某物或某个事业。trace指根据线索或足迹进行跟踪。用于抽象意义时指找到某事物的根源。trail一般指跟踪追击。track指沿着人或动物留下的印迹或行迹追踪。hunt原义为“追猎、猎取”，现用于指追捕或搜寻逃犯等。chase指快速追赶或决心追踪，褒义贬义均可用。follow普遍用词，含义最广，多指跟随起引导作用的人或物，跟随的动机可以是善意的，也可能是恶意的。…inthatsheneverallowedherdomesticstafftoworkmorethaneighthoursaday,shewasextremelydifficulttoplease.inthat因为，就在于…（从狭隘的一面或几面说明原因或理由，含有推论条件的意思）eg.I’mnotusedtolivinginthecityinthatIwasbroughtupinthecountryside.注意整个句子的但是，放在了最后。但是是主句Whileshealwayscriticizedtheficklenessofhumannature,shecarriedonanunrelentingsearchfortheidealservanttotheendofherdays.evenaftershehadbeensadlydisillusionedbyBessie.carryon继续，经营，开展carryout进行，开展，执行（计划、命令），动手术，做实验performanoperationon;Operateon动手术BessieworkedforAuntHarrietforthreeyears.Duringthattimeshesogainedmyaunt'sconfidence,thatshewasputinchargeofthedomesticstaff.shesogained…that==shegained…somuchthatso…that…结果状从中，副词so往往修饰副词和形容词，但是副词当然可以修饰动词Hissadstorysotouchedusthatwenearlycried.Hesoadoreshisdaughtersthathekeepsbuyingthemexpensivetoys.Hehassoorganizedhislifethathiswifesuspectsnothing.鲁迅的文章：生僻字多，或者活用多，这和他留学日本的经历相关Confidence信心；信任putsbinchargeofsth/putsbincontrolofsthput/placeconfidenceinsth/sb对…充分的信任putsbinanawkwardposition使人陷入尴尬的境地don’teverputmeinthispositionFuturehistorianswillbeinauniquepositionwhentheycometorecordthehistoryofourowntimes.beinauniqueposition 处于一个前所未有的境地beinagoodposition/situation 处于一个良好的境地beinanenviableposition处于令人羡慕的境地AuntHarrietcouldnotfindwordstopraiseBessie'sindustriousnessandefficiency.…couldnotfindwordstopraiseBassie…wordsfailtopraise所有的话语都不能用来表达和赞美她了Inadditiontoallherotherqualifications,Bessiewasanexpertcook.inadditionto…复合介词，接名词或动名词aswell==besides==inaddition除此以外aswellas==besides==apartfrom==inadditionto除此之外（还有）（用作介词）expertn.专家；行家；能手adj.熟练的；行的；老练的v.当专家SheactedtheroleoftheperfectservantforthreeyearsbeforeAuntHarrietdiscoveredher'littleweakness'.Acttherole==playtherolePlaytherole扮演，起什么样的作用。而act也可以有以上意思，但是act本身有行为，行动的意思。符合仆人的身份AfterbeingabsentfromTheGablesforaweek,myauntunexpectedlyreturnedoneafternoonwithapartyofguestsandinstructedBessietopreparedinner.AfterbeingabsentfromTheGablesforaweek…absentfrom……beabsentfromclass缺课beabsentfrommeeting没有出席会议beabsentfromschool没上学apartyofguest这里party是量词一个派对那么多的客人上节课学到了load许多，在这里party要比load多一些Instruct1、指示;吩咐[正式]2、指导，教Notonlywasthemealwellbelowtheusualstandard,butBessieseemedunabletowalksteadily.wellbelow=farbelowwell:usedforemphasis用于强调wellbefore早在…之前wellbehind远在什么之后eg.Itwaswellafter12o'clockwhenIarrived.直到12点过了，我才到。eg.Heiswellover50.他已经五十好几了。wellpleased十分满意wellaware完全清楚eg.Trampsarewellawareoftheconsequencesofthewaytheychosetolive.Shebumpedintothefurnitureandkeptmumblingabouttheguests.Bumpvt&vi撞上n碰撞n肿块，（路面）隆起部分mumblev.喃喃而语(vt.含糊地说；抿着嘴嚼vi.含糊地说话n.含糊的话；咕噜)小嘴乌牛乌牛（老师的儿子）--Hemumbledsth.tomebutIcouldnothearwhathesaid.他对我咕哝了几句，可是我没听清他说的什么。mumblern.说话含糊的人Whenshecameinwiththelastcourse-ahugepudding-shetrippedonthecarpetandthepuddingwentflyingthroughtheair,narrowlymissedmyaunt,andcrashedonthediningtablewithconsiderableforce.Whenshecameinwiththelastcourse-ahugepudding-shetripped…Coursen.过程；进程；道路，路线；一道菜trip1、短途旅行名词和不及物动词2、绊倒，绊vt&vitocausesbtofailorfail短语tripsbupeg.I'mtrippeduponthestepeg.Thequestionlookssimple,butthey'redesignedtotripyouup.由绊倒引申出出错wentflying现在分词做伴随状语，修饰的是went，怎样的went，wenttofly则是目的状语narrowly以豪礼只差narrowadj.狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；精密的n.海峡；狭窄部分，隘路vt.使变狭窄vi.变窄narrowlyadv.仔细地；勉强地；狭窄地；严密地crash

v.坠毁指车辆、飞机等猛烈撞击障碍物、地面等，常伴有毁灭性的后果：（动词和名词性）--It

is

said

that

there

is

an

airplane

that

crashed

in

the

mountains.collisionn.碰撞collide

vi

碰撞,抵触（相冲突）--The

plane

collided

with

the

mountain.1、交通工具或人碰撞、相撞或撞上~(withsth/sb)2、~(withsb)(oversth)(formal)(ofpeople,theiropinions,etc.人、意见等)严重不一致；相冲突；抵触conflict

vi.（两种思想、信仰、说法等）和某事（某人）相抵触（相冲突）--My

idea

conflicts

with

yours.n1、[C,U]~(betweenAandB)|~(oversth)冲突；争执；争论2、（军事）冲突；战斗clash

vi.相冲突--His

wedding

clashed

with

my

examination,so

I

couldn't

go.（以下释义全部都有动词和名词性）1、（打斗fight）~(withsb)|~(betweenAandB)（两群人之间的）打斗，打架，冲突2、（争论argument）~(withsb)(oversth)|~(betweenAandB)(oversth)3、（差异difference）差别；差异；分歧（同义词：conflict）4、（两件事oftwoevents）（时间上的）冲突，矛盾5、（颜色ofcolours）不协调；不和谐；搭配不当Thoughthiscausedgreatmirthamongtheguests,AuntHarrietwashorrified.ShereluctantlycametotheconclusionthatBes