限时提分练十一必修③Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld含解析

限时提分练(十一)必修③Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldⅠ.阅读理解A[2021·泰安市模拟]OnthelastMondayinMay,peopleintheUnitedStatescelebrateMemorialDay.ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.Schoolsandgovernmentofficesclose.MostpeopleintheUShavethisdayofffromwork.PeoplecelebrateMemorialDaywithoutdoorparades.MostAmericansconsideritthestartofsummerthoughtheseasonreallybeginsinJune.Withsomanypeopleoffwork,MemorialDayhasalsobecomeapopularshoppingday.However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.Thosewhohavelostfamilymembersatwarvisitburialsitestodecoratethegraves.Theyplaceflowers,wreathsandUSflagsonthegraves.MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheAmericanCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.TheCivilWarwasaverydarktimeintheUShistory.Historianshavelongthoughtthatabout620,000soldiersdiedinthefighting.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthedeadnumberedabout750,000.In1868,about5,000peoplegatheredatArlingtonNationalCemeteryontheedgeofWashington,D．C.Theydecoratedmorethan10,000gravesofUnionandConfederatesoldiers.TheycalleditDecorationDay.Thetraditionspreadtootherareasofthecountry.In1873,NewYorkStatecalleditMemorialDayandwasthefirsttomakeitalegalholiday.Otherstatesfollowed,butnotall.Somesouthernstateshad(andstillhave)separatecelebrationsthathonoronlydeadConfederatesoldiers.AfterWorldWarⅠendedin1918,MemorialDaybecameadaytohonorallAmericansoldierskilledatwar.In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.1．What'sthepurposeofMemorialDayinAmerica?A．Tomarkthestartofsummer.B．Toletpeopleenjoythemselves.C．Toshowrespectfordeadsoldiers.D．Toestablishaholidaytoencouragesoldiers.2．What'stheatmosphereofAmericanMemorialDaylikeonmostoccasions?A．Sad.B．Casual.C．Pleasant.D．Relaxing.3．WhendidMemorialDaybecomealegalholidaythroughouttheUS?A．In1971.B．In1873.C．In1918.D．In1868.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CelebrationActivitiesofMemorialDayintheUSB．TheProspectofAmericanMemorialDayC．MembersHonoredonAmericanMemorialDayD．TheEvolutionofMemorialDayintheUSB[2021·福州市高三毕业班适应性练习卷]Asakid,JoannaBuckleywasn'tinterestedinscience—untilshehadachancetotryit.Thathappenedwhenshegotachemistrysetasagift.“Overthecourseofafewweeks,I'dcompletedeveryexperiment.Butintheprocess,Ipollutedmyparent'sdiningroomcarpetandburntthekitchenworktopwiththespiritburner，〞shesays.NowscienceisBuckley'sjob.SheworksintheDepartmentofChemistryattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland.“Irealize,first­hand,howimportantitistohavesomethingorsomeonetoshowyouwhyscienceissogreat，〞shesays.Nowthegoodnewsisthatcitizenscienceappears.CitizensciencetakesthefunofexperimentingastepfurtherthanBuckley'sat­homeexperiments.That'sbecausetheseexperimentsarereal,lookingfornovelanswers.“Comparedwithaone­offexperiment,what'scoolaboutcitizenscienceisthatstudentsgetthatthishasapurpose，〞saysAmyPrunuske,whoteachesmicrobiologyandimmunologyatamedicalcollege.“Studentswanttodoagoodjob,becausetheyknowscientistsaregoingtousethenewdataintheirownresearch.〞JenniferLong'sjobistocoordinate(协调)educationandoutreach.SheagreeswithPrunuske.“Kidslikethatit'sreal.Andtheylikethatit'simportant,andthatitmatters.〞Citizenscienceprojectshavemadebigdiscoveries.Onefoundapreviouslyunknowngalaxycluster(星系团).AnotherprojecthelpedassesshowmuchdamageabigearthquakehadcausedinJapan.Andoneofthefirstcitizenscienceprojectshelpedscientistslearnwheremonarchbutterfliesgoeverywinter.Someadultsworryaboutteenslosinginterestinscience.Theyhopethatfun,excitingcitizenscienceprojectscanhelpthemkeepengaged,Longsays.Andshehassomeevidencethatit'sworking.“Lastyear,wedidhaveacoupleofstudentssay,‘IreallythinkIwanttobeascientistnow’．〞5．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?A．Toshowexperimentscanmaketeensinterestedinscience.B．Toprovefailureisthemotherofsuccessinscience.C．TostatethatBuckleyhasatalentforscience.D．TopraiseBuckleyforherstrongwill.6．Whyiscitizensciencemorefun?A．Itneedstoseekfornewsolutions.B．Itcarriesoutexperimentsfrequently.C．Itmustcarryoutexperimentsingroups.D．Itissupposedtohandlecomplexproblems.7．WhatcanweknowfromwhatPrunuskesaid?A．Sheparticipatedintheexperiment.B．Shetookprideinwhatstudentstookup.C．Citizenscienceispopularwithstudents.D．Scientistsarewillingtoemploystudents.8．WhatisLong'sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A．Concerned.B．Supportive.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.Ⅱ.完形填空1__aweekafterarrivingformygraduatestudies,Iwaskindofhomesick—memoriesofpast__2__backinKenyawithmyfamilyandfriendsappearinginmymind.OnthemorningofFriday,September13th,the__34__.56__.Unlikepreviousnights,acoolbreezesweptthroughthecampus.WithAfricanmusicplayingonmyheadphones,Idancedinmyway,__7__inthewind,andforgettingmyselfforamoment.AsI__891011__thetimedifferencesbetweenChinaandKenya,Iwasconstantlytryingto__12__whattimeitwasbackathome.Finally,Suaskedhisfamilytojoinhimin__13__thetimelessperfectionofafullmoonina__1415__thatcomeswithnotseeingorhearingfromalovedone,wewereallflourishing(健康幸福)whenadmiringthe__16__moon.Andwhilewemaygoawayfromhome,ashappensfromtimetotime;thefamilyremainsthemostimportant__1718__withthelovedones,theKenyancommunityalsogottogether,sharedamealandwalkedonthestreetsundertheneonlights.AsIwrotethis,adayaftertheFestival,Icouldn'thelpbutlookforwardtothenext.ThankmyChinesefriends,whose__19__mademeandacrowdofotherforeignstudentsexperiencean__20__Mid­AutumnFestival.B．TypicallyC．ExactlyD．SimilarlyB．experiencesC．hobbiesD．expectationsB．sceneryC．architectureD．traditionB．surroundedC．recoveredD．exchangedB．proudlyC．constantlyD．permanentlyB．admirationC．doubtD．mercyB．divingC．strugglingD．floatingB．calledC．returnedD．rodeB．curiousC．nervousD．upsetB．standingforC．takingupD．puttingoffB．DiscussingC．ConsideringD．ExpressingB．appealtoC．bringaboutD．careforB．acquiringC．representingD．enjoyingB．cloudlessC．deepD．warmB．temperatureC．anxietyD．freedomB．newC．coldD．fullB．groupC．fieldD．messageB．workC．reuniteD．doB．warmthC．braveryD．strengthB．imaginableC．reasonableD．unforgettable限时提分练(十一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——人文历史——美国阵亡将士纪念日的演变史【语篇解读】文章介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日(MemorialDay)的演变史。1．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段的“ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar〞可知，设立美国阵亡将士纪念日的目的是表达对阵亡将士的尊敬。2．答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段的“However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday〞可知，在大多数情况下，美国阵亡将士纪念日是一个严肃甚至悲伤的节日。3．答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica〞可知，1971年，美国国会通过了一项法律，正式将阵亡将士纪念日定为美国的联邦节日。4．答案与解析：D考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章介绍了美国阵亡将士纪念日的演变史，故D项作本文标题最正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——公众科学【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了公众科学的用处——它寻找新的解决方法并让学生们爱上科学。5．答案与解析：A考查推理判断。第一段第一句表述Buckley小时候在没尝试之前对科学不感兴趣；根据第三段中的“NowscienceisBuckley'sjob.SheworksintheDepartmentofChemistryattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland〞可知，Buckley成功进入科学领域。结合第二段内容可知，在得到了实验工具后，Buckley完成了每一个实验。由此可知，第二段旨在说明青少年进行实验能让他们对科学感兴趣，故A项正确。6．答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“That'sbecausetheseexperimentsarereal,lookingfornovelanswers〞可知，这是因为这些实验是真实的，在寻找新奇的解决方法。由此可知，公众科学更有趣的是它需要寻找新的解决方法，故A项正确。7．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第五段第一句中Prunuske所说的话“‘Comparedwithaone­offexperiment,what'scoolaboutcitizenscienceisthatstudentsgetthatthishasapurpose’〞可知，与一次性的实验相比，公众科学很棒，学生们明白这是有用途的。由此可知，公众科学受到学生们的欢送，故C项正确。8．答案与解析：B考查观点态度。根据尾段内容可知，Long有证据证明公众科学是有效的，因为有学生说现在想要成为一名科学家。由此可知，Long对公众科学持支持的态度，故B项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——“我〞在中国过的第一个中秋节【语篇解读】“我〞是一位来自肯尼亚的留学生，在刚来中国的时候，“我〞有些想家，但恰逢中国的中秋节，“我〞和中国朋友一起过了一个难忘的中秋节；回到房间后，“我〞在网上看到了苏东坡的词，体会到其所传递的情感之后，“我〞的思乡之情变成了对家人的美好祝福。1．答案与解析：C根据下文中的“Iwaskindofhomesick〞可推知，“我〞应该刚到中国上学不久。由此可知，此处表示“我〞来中国正好一周的时间。应选C。2．答案与解析：B根据本句中的“homesick〞及“memories〞可知，“我〞思念在肯尼亚和家人、朋友在一起的那些经历。应选B。A项意为“收集物〞。3．答案与解析：A根据本句中的“cheerful〞以及文章所提到的中秋节这个背景可知，当时因为是中秋节，所以校园里的气氛非常令人愉快。应选A。4．答案与解析：D根据中秋节这一背景，以及句中的“gifts〞可知，在中秋节那天，人们把月饼作为礼物交换。应选D。5．答案与解析：A根据下文中的“asifitwereabouttofall〞可知，月亮看起来似乎要掉下来了。由此可推知，当时的满月不稳固地挂在天空。应选A。A项意为“不稳固地〞；D项意为“永久地〞。6．答案与解析：B根据第3空后的“thecampuswasverycheerful〞以及该空前的“Millionsofeyeslookedatit〞可知，此处表示无数眼睛都在赞赏地注视着月亮，即赏月。应选B。7．答案与解析：D根据语境可知，“我〞的耳机里播放着非洲音乐，“我〞随着音乐舞动，在风中飘动。应选D。8．答案与解析：C根据空后的“tomyroom〞可知，“我〞在校园里赏月之后，回到了房间。应选C。A项意为“赶快，匆忙〞。9．答案与解析：B根据空前的“Iwasfascinatedbythefestival'sidea〞以及本句中的“pushedmeonline〞可知，“我〞对这个节日的构思很感兴趣，因此好奇心促使“我〞在网上查阅有关中秋节的信息。应选B。10．答案与解析：A根据下文中的“Themessageandthetonebothresonated(引起共鸣)withmyfeelings〞可知，这首词所传递的信息和基调都与“我〞的感受产生了共鸣。由此可知，此处表示这首词简明地抓住了“我〞正在经历的事。应选A。A项意为“经历〞；B项意为“代表〞；C项意为“占据〞；D项意为“推迟〞。11．答案与解析：C