2022-2023学年江苏省盐城市高二下学期期初学业水平考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学精品试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高二下学期期初学业水平考试英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AThefirstruleofpopularscienceistorevealthewonderandmysteryoftheworld.Forthatreason,Sentient(Picador),writtenbyphotographerandwildlifefilm-makerJackieHiggins,ismypickoftheyear.Accordingtomyinterviewswithmanyreaders,Iselectotherfournewly-publishedbooksin2022.DeliciousThisbookdescribeshowourancestorshuntedandconsumedancientanimalssuchasmammoths,bison,giantcamelsandmanymorenow-extinctspecies.ThedietoftheClovispeoplesofNorthAmericawasamenudescribedas“arecordofalostworld”.Thisbookexplainshowourdinnersrobbedtheworldofsomanylargeanimals.Itgivesinspirationforhowmodernhumanscanbeatpeacewithnature.TheNewClimateWarIn1999,Mannpublishedagraphshowingtherapidpost-industrialriseinglobaltemperatures.Twodecadeslater,hisbookTheNewClimateWarremainsconvincedthatwecanpreventclimatechange.Thisbooksetsoutacommon-senseapproachtocarbonpricingandarevisionoftheGreenNewDeal.Ofcourse,therearestillmanypeoplewhodenythatclimatechangeisevenhappening.TheGeodesicDomePhysicistKateGreeneimaginesthatshespendsfourmonthsinageodesicdomeinHawaii,withfiveotherpeople,tomimiclivinginacolonyonanotherplanet.ThestorydescribesthefutureofourEarth.Katemakesreaderscherishthenaturalenvironment.“Nosunshineonourskin,andnofreshairinourlungs,”Greeneturnsthefrustrationsintoamovingstory.FloridaScrub-JayThebirdswereoncecommonacrossthepeninsula.Butasdevelopmentoverthelast100yearsreducedthehabitatsonwhichthebirddepends,thespeciesbecameendangered.MarkWalterstravelsthestatetoreportonthenaturalhistoryandthecurrentsituationofFlorida’sflagshipbirds.Thisbookcanraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingthebirds’habitats.1.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.He’sacolumnjournalist. B.He’sascientist.C.He’safilm-maker. D.He’saphotographer.2.Whichbookmightbesciencefiction?A.Delicious. B.FloridaScrub-Jay.C.TheGeodesicDome. D.TheNewClimateWar.3.Whatdothelistedbookshaveincommon?A.Theyhavehappyendings. B.Theyrecordthenaturalhistory.C.Theyfacedoubtsfrommanyscientists. D.Theyinvolvetheenvironmentalprotection.〖答案〗1.A2.C3.D〖导语〗这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2022新出版的最受读者喜爱的揭示了世界的奇迹和神秘的四本书。〖1题详析〗推理判断题。根据第一段中“Accordingtomyinterviewswithmanyreaders,Iselectotherfournewly-publishedbooksin2022.(根据我对许多读者的采访，我选择了其他四本2022年新出版的书)”可推断出，作者是一位专栏记者，故选A。〖2题详析〗细节理解题。根据第四段中“PhysicistKateGreeneimaginesthatshespendsfourmonthsinageodesicdomeinHawaii,withfiveotherpeople,tomimicelivinginacolonyonanotherplanet.ThestorydescribesthefutureofourEarth.(物理学家凯特·格林想象她和另外五个人在夏威夷的一个测地线圆顶中度过四个月，以模拟在另一个星球上的殖民地生活。这个故事描述了我们地球的未来)”可知，Kate描绘的世界是虚拟的，想象了地球的未来，所以只有TheGeodesicDome是科幻小说，其他都是写的现实中真实存在的场景，故选C。〖3题详析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itgivesinspirationforhowmodernhumanscanbeatpeacewithnature(它为现代人类如何与自然和平相处提供了灵感)”；第三段中“Thisbooksetsoutacommon-senseapproachtocarbonpricingandarevisionoftheGreenNewDeal.(这本书提出了碳定价的常识性方法，并对绿色新政进行了修订)”；第四段“Katemakesreaderscherishthenaturalenvironment.(凯特让读者珍惜自然环境)”以及最后一段“Thisbookcanraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingthebirds’habitats.(这本书可以提高人们保护鸟类栖息地的意识)”可知，所有的书都涉及到了环境保护，故选D。BTwentyyearsago,German-bornKathrinvonRechenbergleftParis,France,wheresheusedtoworkforsomeluxurybrands.Shedidn’tleavetomakeafortune.Insearchofaparticularkindofmaterialcalledfragrantcloudorganza(香云纱),shecametoShunde,asmallcityinSouthChina’sGuangdongProvince.Rechenberghasapassionformakingclothesataveryyoungage.Whenshewas11,shemadeherfirstdressbyherself.Thenshewenttoaspecializedschoolforthreeyearstoimproveherskillsinclothesmaking.AfterearningthefirstprizeinaclothesmakingcompetitioninGermany,shewonafullscholarshipfromthetophautecouture(高级女式时装)schoolinParis.There,sheworkedforfamoushautecouturehousesasanhonorgraduate.Butinsteadoffollowingthestepsofsomefamousdesignersinhautecouturehouses,shesimplyquitherjob,andmadeherwaytoChinatoexplorethebeautyoffragrantcloudorganza.Asaresult,shecreatedherownbrand,RechenbergArtCouture,andfoundawaytoexpressherownphilosophyinmakingclothes.Rechenberglearnedthattheproductionofthematerialinvolvesmorethan30intervalsofdyeing(染色)andnaturaldryingateachinterval,whilethelaststepistocoverthefabricswithmudsothatthelatter’srichironelementscanreactwiththetannicacidandsilkfibertochangethecolors.Afterthedyeing,thefabricsmuststandforyearsbeforetheentireprocessiscompleted.However,suchmaterialsnourished(滋养)bythenaturalsoil,water,andsunshinehaveauniqueenergyandbecomefabricsthatcan“breathe”.Shedrawsinspirationfromgeometriclinesandarchitecturalshapesandreducesunnecessarytailoringtopreservetheoriginalartdesignasmuchaspossible.ForRechenberg,aperfectcutshouldbepreciseandsmooth,justlikeChinesecalligraphy,whichisoftenfinishedatonestretch.Inaddition,shealwaysavoidscomplicateddecorations.“Makingclothesisabouttakingoffthingsunnecessary,andyouhavemorestrengthwhenitiskeptsimple,”shesaid.In2020,RechenbergwasawardedthetitleoffriendshipambassadorofChina’stextileintangibleculturalheritage.Meanwhile,herownbrandhasbecomeincreasinglypopular.4.WhydidRechenbergcometoShunde?A.Toearnfameandfortune. B.Toseekforaspecialmaterial.C.Toshareherworkexperience. D.Tolearnnewskillsinmakingclothes.5.WhatwordscouldbestdescribeRechenberg?A.Confidentandcommitted. B.Curiousandconsiderate.C.Ambitiousanddetermined. D.Talentedandelegant.6.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutfragrantcloudorganza?A.Itshighquality. B.Itsuniquecolor.C.Itsstorageconditions. D.Itsproductionprocess.7.WhyisChinesecalligraphymentionedinparagraph5?A.Tostresstheimportanceofdecoratingclothes.B.ToshowtheinspirationforRechenberg’sclothesdesigning.C.ToexplainRechenberg’sconceptofclothestailoring.D.Tostatetheimpactoftraditionalcultureonmakingfabrics.〖答案〗4.B5.C6.D7.C〖导语〗这是一篇记叙文，介绍了德国人Rechenberg一直在探索一种美丽的布料——中国香云纱并创建自己独特服装品牌的故事。〖4题详析〗细节理解题题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Insearchofaparticularkindofmaterialcalledfragrantcloudorganza,shecametoShunde,asmalcityinSouthChina’sGuangdongProvince.”（寻找一种特殊的叫做香云纱的材料,她来到了中国南方广东省的一个小城市顺德。）可知Rechenberg来到顺德为了寻找一种叫做香云纱的特殊材料，故选B。〖5题详析〗推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rechenberghasapassionformakingclothesataveryyoungage.Whenshewas11,shemadeherfirstdressbyherself.Thenshewenttoaspecializedschoolforthreeyearstoimproveherskillsinclothesmaking.”（Rechenberg在很小的时候就热衷于做衣服。11岁时，她自己做了第一件衣服。然后她去了一所专门学校学习了三年，以提高自己的服装制作技能。）以及第三段“Butinsteadoffollowingthestepsofsomefamousdesignersinhautecouturehouses,shesimplyquitherjob,andmadeherwaytoChinatoexplorethebeautyoffragrantcloudorganza.Asaresult,shecreatedherownbrand,RechenbergArtCouture,andfoundawaytoexpressherownphilosophyinmakingclothes.”（但是，她并没有跟随高级时装店的一些著名设计师的脚步，而是干脆辞去了工作，前往中国探索香云纱的美丽。因此，她创建了自己的品牌，雷森伯格艺术时装，并找到了一种表达自己的服装理念的方法。）可知Rechenberg自小就对做衣服感兴趣，并为此潜心学习，取得可以和高级时装店的一些著名设计师共同工作的机会，但是她并不满足，毅然地辞去工作，不断探索，最终创建了属于自己的品牌，所以我们知道她是一个既坚定“determined”又有雄心壮志“ambitious”的人。故选C。〖6题详析〗主旨大意题。根据第四段“Rechenberglearnedthattheproductionofthematerialinvolvesmorethan30intervalsofdyeing(染色)andnaturaldryingateachinterval,whilethelaststepistocoverthefabricswithmudsothatthelatter’srichironelementscanreactwiththetannicacidandsilkfibertochangethecolors.”（Rechenberg了解到，这种材料的生产需要30多个时间间隔的染色而且每一次间隔都要自然干燥，而最后一步是用泥浆覆盖织物，使织物富含的铁元素与鞣酸和丝绸纤维反应，从而改变颜色。）可知，本段具体介绍了香云纱这种材料的生产过程，故选D。〖7题详析〗推理判断题。根据第五段中的“ForRechenberg,aperfectcutshouldbepreciseandsmooth,justlikeChinesecaligraphy,whichisoftenfinishedatonestretch.”（对于Rechenberg来说，完美的切割应该是精确和平滑的，就像中国的印刷术一样，通常是一次性完成的。）可知Rechenberg用中国印刷术是来表达自己对于服装剪裁的理念——一次完成、精确和平滑的切割，故选C。CManyancientpopulationsusedinscriptions(铭文)todocumentdifferentpartsoftheirlives.Buttheobjectscontainingsuchinscriptionshavebeendamagedoverthecenturies.Theresearchers,ledbyAlphabet’sAIcompanyDeepMind,developedanewAI-basedmethodwhichservesasatechnologicaltooltohelpresearchersrepairmissinginscriptionsandestimatethetrueoriginsoftherecords.TheycalltheirtoolIthaca.Thesystemisthefirstdeepneural(神经的)networkthatcanrestorethemissingtextofdamagedinscriptions.TheresearcherssaidittrainedIthacaonthelargestcollectionofdatacontainingGreekinscriptionsfromthenon-profitPackardHumanitiesInstituteinCalifornia.Feedingthisdataintothesystemisdesignedtohelpthetoolusepastwritingstopredictmissinglettersandwordsindamagedinscriptions.Theresearchersreportedthatinexperimentswithdamagedwritings,Ithacawasabletocorrectlypredictmissinginscriptionelements62%ofthetime.Inaddition,thetoolwas71%correctinidentifyingwheretheinscriptionsfirstcamefrom.Andwhenhistoriansworkontheirown,thesuccessrateforrestoringdamagedinscriptionsisabout25%.ButwhenhumansteamedupwithIthacatoassistintheirwork,thesuccessratejumpedto72%.TheaSommerschieldfromCa’FoscariUniversityofVenicesaidthesystemhadalreadyprovidednewinformationtohelpresearchersreexamineimportantperiodsinGreekhistory.Inonecase,IthacaconfirmednewevidencepresentedbyhistoriansaboutthedatingofaseriesofimportantGreekdecrees(法令).Thedecreeswerefirstthoughttohavebeenwrittenbefore446/445BCE.Butthenewevidencesuggestedadateinthe420sBCE.Ithacapredictedadateof421BCE.ThedatechangemayseemsmallbutithassignificantimplicationsforourunderstandingofthepoliticalhistoryofClassicalAthens.TheteamiscurrentlyworkingonotherversionsofIthacatrainedonotherancientlanguages.DeepMindhaslaunchedafree,interactivetoolbasedonthesystemforusebyresearchers,educators,museumworkersandthepublic.8.WhatisthefunctionofIthaca?A.Restoringandidentifyingdamagedinscriptions.B.Interpretingandprotectinghistoricaldocuments.C.ExploringandtracingtheoriginsofGreekletters.D.CollectingandtranslatingpastwritingsintoEnglish.9.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph3mainlyindicate?A.Theinscriptionsareofgreatvaluetohuman.B.Ithacahelpsresearchersworkmoreeffectively.C.Thedemandforreadingancientrecordsisincreasing.D.Theprocessofrepairingdamagedwritingsiscomplicated.10.Whydoestheauthormentionthecaseinparagraph4?A.ToshowthelimitationsofIthaca. B.TosupportSommerschield’sstatement.C.ToexplainthehistoryofGreekdecrees. D.Toprovetheimportanceofdatestohistorians.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheachievementsofGreekhistorians.B.ThedisappearanceofancientGreekculture.C.Arisingtrendofstudyingancientlanguages.D.AnAIsystemforrepairingmissingwritings.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.B11.D〖导语〗本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种AI系统，它可以帮助科学家修复和识别受损铭文的文字，了解历史发展。〖8题详析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theresearchers,ledbyAlphabet’sAIcompanyDeepMind,developedanewAI-basedmethodwhichservesasatechnologicaltooltohelpresearchersrepairmissinginscriptionsandestimatethetrueoriginsoftherecords.TheycalltheirtoolIthaca.Thesystemisthefirstdeepneural(神经的)networkthatcanrestorethemissingtextofdamagedinscriptions.(由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind领导的研究人员开发了一种新的基于人工智能的方法，作为一种技术工具，帮助研究人员修复缺失的铭文，并判断这些记录的真实来源。他们称他们的工具为Ithaca。该系统是第一个可以恢复受损铭文缺失文本的深度神经网络。)”可知，Ithaca是第一个可以复原受损铭文的缺失文本、识别铭文真实来源的深度神经网络，由此可知，Ithaca的主要作用是修复和识别损坏的铭文。故选A。〖9题详析〗推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresearchersreportedthatinexperimentswithdamagedwritings,Ithacawasabletocorrectlypredictmissinginscriptionelements62%ofthetime.Inaddition,thetoolwas71%correctinidentifyingwheretheinscriptionsfirstcamefrom.Andwhenhistoriansworkontheirown,thesuccessrateforrestoringdamagedinscriptionsisabout25%.ButwhenhumansteamedupwithIthacatoassistintheirwork,thesuccessratejumpedto72%.(研究人员报告说，在对损坏的文字进行的实验中，Ithaca能够在62%的时间里正确预测缺失的铭文元素。此外，该工具在识别铭文最初来自何处方面的正确率为71%。当历史学家独自工作时，修复受损铭文的成功率约为25%。但当人类用Ithaca协助他们工作时，成功率跃升至72%。)”可知，历史学家使用了Ithaca协助工作后，复原受损铭文文本的准确率从25%提高到了72%，由此可知，第三段中数字表明Ithaca能帮助研究人员更有效地工作。故选B。〖10题详析〗推理判断题。根据第四段“TheaSommerschieldfromCa’FoscariUniversityofVenicesaidthesystemhadalreadyprovidednewinformationtohelpresearchersreexamineimportantperiodsinGreekhistory.Inonecase,IthacaconfirmednewevidencepresentedbyhistoriansaboutthedatingofaseriesofimportantGreekdecrees(法令).Thedecreeswerefirstthoughttohavebeenwrittenbefore446/445BCE.Butthenewevidencesuggestedadateinthe420sBCE.Ithacapredictedadateof421BCE.ThedatechangemayseemsmallbutithassignificantimplicationsforourunderstandingofthepoliticalhistoryofClassicalAthens.(威尼斯Ca’Foscari大学的TheaSommerschield说，该系统已经提供了新的信息，帮助研究人员重新审视希腊历史上的重要时期。在一个案例中，Ithaca证实了历史学家提出的关于一系列重要希腊法令年代的新证据。这些法令最初被认为是在公元前446/445年之前写成的。但新的证据表明时间在公元前420年。Ithaca预言的日期是公元前421年。日期的变化可能看起来很小，但它对我们理解古典雅典的政治史具有重要意义。)”可知，该段第一句提到，学者Sommerschield说该系统已经提供了新的信息，帮助研究人员重新审视希腊历史上的重要时期，接着就给出了具体的示例来佐证，因此，此段中的案例是为了支持Sommerschield陈述的观点。故选B。〖11题详析〗主旨大意题。根据第一段“Manyancientpopulationsusedinscriptions(铭文)todocumentdifferentpartsoftheirlives.Buttheobjectscontainingsuchinscriptionshavebeendamagedoverthecenturies.(许多古代居民使用铭文记录他们生活的不同部分。但是，包含这些铭文的物品在几个世纪以来遭到了破坏。)”和第二段“Theresearchers,ledbyAlphabet’sAIcompanyDeepMind,developedanewAI-basedmethodwhichservesasatechnologicaltooltohelpresearchersrepairmissinginscriptionsandestimatethetrueoriginsoftherecords.TheycalltheirtoolIthaca.(由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind领导的研究人员开发了一种新的基于人工智能的方法，作为一种技术工具，帮助研究人员修复缺失的铭文，并估计记录的真实来源。他们称他们的工具为Ithaca。)”以及下文对Ithaca的具体介绍，可知本文是介绍一种可以帮助科学家修复和识别受损铭文文字的AI系统——Ithaca，D选项“AnAIsystemforrepairingmissingwritings.(一种修复缺失文字的人工智能系统。)”能够概括文章主旨。故选D。DIfhistoryis“aracebetweeneducationandcatastrophe”,educationseemeduntilrecentlytobewinning.In1950onlyabouthalfofadultsgloballyhadanyschooling;nowatleast85%do.Between2000and2018,theproportion(比例)ofschool-agechildrenwhowerenotenrolled(使加入)inclassesfellfrom26%to17%.Buttherapidriseinattendancemaskedanuglytruth:manypupilswerespendingyearsbehinddesksbutlearningalmostnothing.In2019theWorldBankstartedkeepingcountofthenumberofchildrenwhostillcannotreadbythetimetheyfinishprimaryschool.Itfoundthatlessthanhalfoften-year-oldsindevelopingcountriescouldreadandunderstandasimplestory.Thenthepandemicstruckandmillionsofpupilswerelockedoutofschool.Itshouldbenotedthatglobally,theharmthatschoolclosureshavedonetochildrenhasvastlyoutweighedanybenefitstheymayhavehadforpublichealth.TheWorldBanksaystheshareoften-year-oldsinmiddle-andlow-incomecountrieswhocannotreadandunderstandasimplestoryhasrisenfrom57%in2019toroughly70%.Iftheylacksuchelementaryskills,theywillstruggletoearnagoodliving.Thisshouldbeseenforwhatitis:aglobalemergency.Nearlyeveryproblemthatconfrontshumanitycanbealleviatedbygoodschooling.Better-educatedpeoplearemorelikelytoworkoutacleanerenergysource,acureformalariaorasmartertownplan.Ifthedamagethepandemichasdonetoeducationisnotreversed(逆转),allthesegoalswillbehardertoreach.Politicianstalkendlesslyabouttheimportanceofschooling,butwordsarecheapandafit-for-purposeeducationsystemisnot.Spendinghasrisenmodestlyinrecentdecadesbutfellinmanycountriesduringthepandemic.Apartfromthemoney,theeducationsystemitselfisinurgentneedofchange:Testingisamess,leadinggovernmentstooverestimatelevelsofliteracy.Newteachershavebeenhiredbutnottrainedproperly.Teachers,whohavecomethroughthesameeducationsystemstheyaresupposedtobeimproving,oftenstruggletoteach.Thesameenergythatwasoncepouredintobuildingschoolsandfillingupclassroomsshouldnowbeusedtoimprovethelessonsthattakeplacewithinthem.Nomorechildrenshouldstumble(蹒跚而行)throughtheirschooldayswithoutlearningtoreadoraddup.12.WhatdidtheWorldBankfindoutaboutpupilsin2019?A.Theycouldhardlyconcentrateinclass.B.Manyofthemhadtodropoutofschool.C.Theyhaddifficultyfinishingprimaryschool.D.Manyofthemfailedtoacquirenecessaryknowledge.13.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutschoolclosures?A.Theycouldwellprotectchildren’shealth.B.Theymademattersworseforchildren.C.Theyproducedunexpectedbenefitsforpublichealth.D.Theymadeithardforteacherstomakeagoodliving.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviated”inParagraph3probablymean?A.reduced B.caused C.described D.strengthened15.Whatchangeneedstobemadetothecurrenteducationsystem?A.Primaryschoolsshouldonlyhireexperiencedteachers.B.Teachersshouldbemotivatedtocooperatewitheachother.C.Areliablesystemshouldbecreatedtotestpupils’knowledgeandability.D.Primaryschoolsshouldspendmoreonimprovingfacilities.〖答案〗12.D13.B14.A15.C〖导语〗本文是一篇议论文，文章主要阐述了新冠疫情对教育的影响，以及针对目前现状应该采取的措施。世界银行的统计结果表明欠发达国家孩童的知识水平较低，没有掌握必要的知识技能，而疫情导致学校关闭加重了这种糟糕的情况。作者认为应该改良教育体系，培训教师，提升教学让更多孩童掌握知识和能力。〖12题详析〗细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“In2019theWorldBankstartedkeepingcountofthenumberofchildrenwhostillcannotreadbythetimetheyfinishprimaryschool.Itfoundthatlessthanhalfoften-year-oldsindevelopingcountriescouldreadandunderstandasimplestory.(2019年，世界银行开始统计小学毕业时仍不能阅读的儿童人数。研究发现，发展中国家只有不到一半的10岁儿童能够阅读和理解一个简单的故事。)”可知，世界银行的统计发现发展中国家超过一半的十岁儿童还不能阅读和理解一个简单的故事，即许多学生未能获得必要的知识，缺乏基本的知识能力。故选D。〖13题详析〗推理判断题。根据第二段“Thenthepandemicstruckandmillionsofpupilswerelockedoutofschool.Itshouldbenotedthatglobally,theharmthatschoolclosureshavedonetochildrenhasvastlyoutweighedanybenefitstheymayhavehadforpublichealth.(随后新冠疫情爆发，数百万学生被学校拒之门外。应该指出的是，在全球范围内，学校关闭对儿童造成的伤害远远超过了他们对公共健康可能带来的任何好处。)”以及第一段世界银行的统计结果可知，作者认为疫情导致学校关闭让孩子们的处境变得更糟。故选B。〖14题详析〗词义猜测题。根据第三段中划线词所在句子后面的内容“Better-educatedpeoplearemorelikelytoworkoutacleanerenergysource,acureformalariaorasmartertownplan.Ifthedamagethepandemichasdonetoeducationisnotreversed(逆转),allthesegoalswillbehardertoreach.(受教育程度较高的人更有可能开发出更清洁的能源、治疗疟疾的方法或更明智的城镇规划。如果大流行对教育造成的损害得不到扭转，所有这些目标都将更难实现。)”可知，受教育程度较高的人更有可能找到解决问题的办法。由此可知，划线词所在句“Nearlyeveryproblemthatconfrontshumanitycanbealleviatedbygoodschooling.(人类面临的几乎所有问题都可以通过良好的学校教育得到alleviated。)”表达的意思为良好的教育能够缓解人类遇到的几乎所有问题，划线词alleviated与reduce意思相近。故选A。〖15题详析〗细节理解题。根据第四段“Apartfromthemoney,theeducationsystemitselfisinurgentneedofchange:Testingisamess,leadinggovernmentstooverestimatelevelsofliteracy.Newteachershavebeenhiredbutnottrainedproperly.Teachers,whohavecomethroughthesameeducationsystemstheyaresupposedtobeimproving,oftenstruggletoteach.(除了钱，教育系统本身也迫切需要改变：考试是一团糟，导致政府高估识字水平。雇用了新教师，但没有得到适当的培训。教师来自他们应该改进的相同教育体系，但往往难以教学。)”可知，应该建立一个可靠的系统来测试学生的知识和能力。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Applyingthecorrecttimemanagementskillsandtipscanhelpyougetmoreorganizedandincreaseproductivity.Themoreofthesetoolsyoulearntouse,themorethatyouwillgetdoneeachday.____16____First,getyourworklistreadyforthefollowingdaytheeveningornightbefore.Thebestexerciseisforyoutoplanyourentirenextdayasthelastthingyoudobeforecominghomefromwork.Whenyouplanyourdaythenightbefore,yoursubconsciousthengoestoworkonyourplansandgoalswhileyouareasleep.Veryoftenyouwillwakeupinthemorningwithideasandinsightsthatapplytotheworkoftheday.____17____Amajorreasonforinsomniaisyourlyingawaketryingnottoforgettoremembereverythingthatyouhavetodothefollowingday.Scheduleyourtime.____18____Theveryactofusingyourorganizationalskillstoplanyourday,week,andmonth,givesyouagreaterfeelingofcontrolandwillhelpincreaseproductivitythroughoutyourday.You’llfeelinchargeofyourlife.Masteringyourtimeorganizationactuallyincreasesyourself-esteemandimprovesyoursenseofpersonalpower.Startearly.Toincreaseproductivity,startyourdayearly.____19____Inthebiographiesandautobiographiesofsuccessfulmenandwomen,almostallofthemhaveonethingincommon.Theydevelopedgreatorganizationalskillsandthehabitofgoingtobedatareasonablehourandrisingearly.Manysuccessfulpeopleariseat5:00A.M.or5:30A.M.____20____Asaresult,theyarealwaysmoreeffectivethanthosewhosleepinuntilthelastpossiblemoment.A.Prepareinadvance.B.Itreducesstressandreleasesenergy.C.Increaseproductivitywithprimetime.D.Thentheycanhaveenoughtimetothinkandplanforthecomingday.E.Yourmostimportantworkrequiresthatyoubeatyourbest,andcreative.F.Amajorbenefitofdoingsoisthatthisexerciseletsyousleepmoresoundly.G.Themoretimeyoutaketothinkandplan,thebetterorganizedyouwillbeinyourlife.〖答案〗16.A17.F18.B19.G20.D〖导语〗这是一篇说明文。本篇讲述正确运用时间管理的一些方式。〖16题详析〗根据后文“First,getyourworklistreadyforthefollowingdaytheeveningornightbefore.Thebestexerciseisforyoutoplanyourentirenextdayasthelastthingyoudobeforecominghomefromwork.Whenyouplanyourdaythenightbefore,yoursubconsciousthengoestoworkonyourplansandgoalswhileyouareasleep.Veryoftenyouwillwakeupinthemorningwithideasandinsightsthatapplytotheworkoftheday.(首先，在前一天晚上或前一天晚上准备好第二天的工作清单。对你来说，最好的锻炼是把第二天的工作计划好，作为下班回家前的最后一件事。当你在前一天晚上计划好一天的计划时，你的潜意识会在你睡着的时候开始执行你的计划和目标。早上醒来时，你经常会有一些适用于一天工作的想法和见解)”可知，后文提到了在前一天晚上或前一天晚上准备好第二天的工作清单，可知在建议提前准备。故A选项“提前准备”符合语境，故选A。〖17题详析〗根据上文“Whenyouplanyourdaythenightbefore,yoursubconsciousthengoestoworkonyourplansandgoalswhileyouareasleep.Veryoftenyouwillwakeupinthemorningwithideasandinsightsthatapplytotheworkoftheday.(当你在前一天晚上计划好一天的计划时，你的潜意识会在你睡着的时候开始执行你的计划和目标。早上醒来时，你经常会有一些适用于一天工作的想法和见解)”可知，应承接上文说明这么做的好处：让你睡得更香。故F选项“这样做的一个主要好处是可以让你睡得更香”符合语境，故选F。〖18题详析〗根据后文“Theveryactofusingyourorganizationalskillstoplanyourday,week,andmonth,givesyouagreaterfeelingofcontrolandwillhelpincreaseproductivitythroughoutyourday.You’llfeelinchargeofyourlife.Masteringyourtimeorganizationactuallyincreasesyourself-esteemandimprovesyoursenseofpersonalpower.(使用你的组织技能来计划你的一天、一周和一个月，会给你更大的控制感，并有助于提高你一天的工作效率。你会觉得自己掌控着自己的生活。掌握你的时间安排实际上会增加你的自尊，提高你的个人力量感)”可知，本段的主旨是安排好时间，且后文提到了掌握你的时间安排实际上会增加你的自尊，提高你的个人力量感，即好处是“减轻压力，释放能量”。故B选项“它能减轻压力，释放能量”符合语境，故选B。〖19题详析〗根据上文“Startearly.Toincreaseproductivity,startyourdayearly.(早开始。要提高工作效率，就早点开始一天的工作)”以及后文“Inthebiographiesandautobiographiesofsuccessfulmenandwomen,almostallofthemhaveonethingincommon.Theydevelopedgreatorganizationalskillsandthehabitofgoingtobedatareasonablehourandrisingearly.Manysuccessfulpeopleariseat5:00A.M.or5:30A.M.(在成功人士的传记和自传中，他们几乎都有一个共同点。他们养成了良好的组织能力和在合理的时间睡觉和早起的习惯。许多成功人士早上5点或5点半起床)”可知，后文提到了成功人士养成了良好的组织能力和在合理的时间睡觉和早起的习惯，即计划自己的时间可以让生活更有条理。故G选项“你花越多的时间去思考和计划，你的生活就会越有条理”符合语境，故选G。〖20题详析〗根据上文“Inthebiographiesandautobiographiesofsuccessfulmenandwomen,almostallofthemhaveonethingincommon.Theydevelopedgreatorganizationalskillsandthehabitofgoingtobedatareasonablehourandrisingearly.Manysuccessfulpeopleariseat5:00A.M.or5:30A.M.(在成功人士的传记和自传中，他们几乎都有一个共同点。他们养成了良好的组织能力和在合理的时间睡觉和早起的习惯。许多成功人士早上5点或5点半起床)”可知，本句承接上文说明早起对成功人士的好处和作用：让他们就有足够的时间来思考和计划接下来的一天。故D选项“这样他们就有足够的时间来思考和计划接下来的一天”符合语境，故选D。第二部分基础知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Oneday,myunclebroughthomeaparrot.MycousinandIcalleditMitthu.Myfamilywereso____21____stronglythattheytrimmed(剪掉)itswings.Theysaidifitlefthome,itwouldn’t____22____outsidewithoutus.Astimewentby,wegrewandsodidMitthu.Itswingsgrewquitealot.Mitthuwasn’tkeptinacage.Isometimeswonderedwhyitdidn’t____23____.Maybeitwasquiteattachedtousanddidn’twanttoleaveus,oritdidn’twanttoleavetheluxuriouslifeand____24____theharshrealityoflife.AsIgrewolder,I____25____thatMitthu’slifewasn’tverydifferentfrommine.Iwaspampered(溺爱)and____26____carefully.Iwasprohibitedfromreally____27____theoutsideworld.Myhousebecamemywholeworld,whichwaslikeaninvisible____28____thathadboundmyspirit.NowI’msentouttostudyandtoldthatIhavethewholeskytofly,but____29____,justasMitthu,Iamnotabletodoso.MitthuandImightbetwodifferentbeingsbutweare_____30_____inasimilarsituation.Iamafraidofflying.Iamafraidmybehaviormighthurtmyparents’feelings.Theseemotionsand_____31_____willneverreallyallowustoflyindependently!It’sgoodforparentstoloveand_____32_____theirchildren,but,sometimes,over-protectivenessfromparentsmightharmtheirchildren’sfutureand_____33_____children’sdecisions.True_____34_____istoallowkidstogrowfreelyandletthemtry_____35_____things.Thus,theywillbebrimmingwithconfidenceandcourage.21.A.primitive B.extensive C.aggressive D.possessive22.A.survive B.escape C.appear D.change23.A.comearound B.flyaway C.comeback D.takeshape24.A.ignore B.represent C.shift D.face25.A.realized B.expected C.dismissed D.convinced26.A.evaluated B.educated C.tended D.exposed27.A.keepingupwith B.comingdownto C.breakingawayfrom D.gettingalongwith28.A.bunch B.cage C.light D.cave29.A.rarely B.gradually C.sadly D.violently30.A.trapped B.frozen C.hatched D.stored31.A.strength B.sympathy C.commitment D.attachment32.A.adopt B.ban C.protect D.entertain33.A.influence B.support C.forecast D.comprise34.A.harmony B.love C.freedom D.equality35.A.humble B.different C.unique D.intense〖答案〗21.D22.A23.B24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A31.D32.C33.A34.B35.B〖导语〗本文是一篇夹叙夹议文