Unit+13+We're+trying+to+save+the+earth+Section+A 人教版英语九年级全册

Unit13We'retryingtosavetheearthSectionAVocabulary1.catchcatchthetrain赶火车catchupwith赶上catchacold感冒练习：Catslike________mice.catching2.bottomatthebottomof在…的底部fromtoptobottom完完全全，从头到脚bottomline结果；概要；帐本底线onthebottom在底部练习：Hesatatthe________ofthestairs.bottom3.litterlitter指四处乱丢的东西和杂物garbage专指厨房中的残羹剩饭等必须清除的垃圾rubbish指残骸、废物等普通垃圾，特意集中起来以便清除waste指任何被丢弃的东西练习：Pleasedon'tdrop________!litter4.playpartplayanactivepartin(doing)sth.积极参与(做)某事playanimportantpartin(doing)sth.在(做)某事中发挥重要作用练习：Educationcan________apartinit.play5.o..既指形式上的改变，也表示状态上本质的改变练习：Water________intoice.turns6.advantage反义词为disadvantagetakeadvantageof利用beofadvantageto对有利haveadvantageover优于，胜过练习：Whatisthe________ofusingnuclearpower?advantageLead-inDoyouknowwhattheatmospherehazeis?Doyoulikeit?Whatotherkindsofpollutiondoyouknow?1aHerearesomewordsrelatedtodifferentkindsofpollution.Writethemintheboxbelow.Thenaddmorewords.loudmusiccarsrubbishplaneslitteringshipsfactoriessmokingbuldinghousesmobilephonesairpollutionnoisepullotionwaterpollutioncars,factories,smoking,buildinghouses(burning,powerplants,nuclearwastedisposal)Loudmusic,planes,buildinghouses,mobilephones(machines,crowds,vihicles)rubbish,littering,ships,factories(sewage,industrialwaste,pesticides)1bListenandcompletethesentences.Whatwastheproblem?Theriverwas_____________.Eventhebottomoftheriverwasfullof_________.Therewerenomore________forfishermentocatch.Whatcausedtheproblem?Peoplearethrowing____intotheriver.Factoriesareputting_____intotheriver.Howshouldtheproblembesolved?Weshouldwritetothe_____________andaskthemto__________thefactories.Everyoneshouldhelpto________theriver.reallydirtyrubbishfishlitterwastegovernmentclosedowncleanup1c

Role-playtheconversation.Thenmakeyourownconversationsabout

thekindsofpollutionin1a.Mark:Theriverwasdirty.Eventhe

bottomof

theriverwasfullof

rubbish.Tony:Butitusedtobesoclean!Mark:Yes,butpeoplearelitteringinthe

river.Tony:Everyoneinthistownshouldplaya

partincleaningitup!2aListentotheinterview.CirclethekindsofpollutionthatJasonandSusantalkabout.A.landpollution

B.airpollutionC.noisepollutionD.waterpollution2bListenagainandcompletethesentences.1.Theairisbadlypollutedbecausethereare___________ontheroadthesedays.2.Factoriesthatburncoalalso________theairwithalotofblacksmoke.morecarspollute3.Thereisalsotoomuchrubbishandwaste.People_________________thingseveryday.4.Peoplearealsolitteringin____________likeparks.Thisisturningbeautifulplacesintouglyones.arethrowingawaypublicplaces2cUsetheinformationin2aand2btorole-playconversationsbetweenJasonandSusan.Theairhasbecomereallypollutedaroundhere.I’mgettingveryworried.Yes,Iusedtobeabletoseestarsinthesky.Theproblemisthat…2dRole-playtheconversation.Interviewer:JasonandSusan,whatareyour

ideasforsolvingtheseproblems?Jason:Well,tocutdownairpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubway

insteadofdriving.Susan:Yeah,orrideabike.Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.It’s

goodforhealthanditdoesn’tcostanything!Interviewer:Greatideas!Whataboutwastepollution?Susan:Mmm,Ithinksimplethingslikebringingabagtogoshoppingcanhelp.Istarteddoingthatayearago.Jason:Me,too.Also,InevertakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenIbuytakeawayfood.Iusetheonesathome.Susan:Andremembertothrowrubbishinthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautifulforeveryone.Interviewer:Sotogether,ouractionscanmakeadifferenceand

leadtoabetterfuture!Readandfinishthetask.ListthewaystocutdownairpollutionListthewaystocutdownwastepollutiontakethebustakethesubwayrideabikebringabagtogoshoppingneverusewoodenchopsticksorplasticforksthrowrubbishinthebinsLanguagepoints1．Eventhebottomoftheriverwasfullof...甚至河底都堆满了……

bottom名词，意为“底部；最下部”，由其构成的常用短语为atthebottomof“在……的底部”。e.g.Hefelltothebottomofthestairs.他摔到了楼梯底下。

Theanswerisatthebottom

ofthepage.答案就在这一页的下端。2．Everyoneinthistownshouldplayapartincleaningitup!

这个镇上的每个人都应该参与清理河流！playapartin意为“参与……；在……方面起作用”，相当于playarolein，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。e.g.Hedidn’tplayapartinthecompetitionatall.他根本就没参加这次比赛。

Didyouplayapartinfighting？你参与打架了吗？3.Weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.

insteadof意为“代替，而不是”，后面常跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。

insteadofdoingsth.代替做某事例句：她没有待在家里而是去上学了。Shewenttoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.4.Ouractionscanmakeadifferenceandleadtoabetterfuture!makeadifference起作用；有影响makeadifferenceto...对……产生影响注意：difference前面可加修饰语，如big,great等，表示受影响的程度。5．Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.骑自行车还有其他的优点。advantage名词，意为“优点；有利条件”。其反义词为disadvantage“缺点；不利条件”。e.g.Thismachinehasmanyadvantages.这台机器有许多优点。

Hehastheadvantageofagoodeducation.他具有受过良好教育的优势。

Beforemakingyourdecision,youshouldconsidertheadvantages

and

disadvantages.在做出决定之前，你应该权衡一下利弊。6．Also,InevertakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenIbuytakeawayfood.还有，当我买外卖食物时我从来不拿木筷或塑料叉。（2）takeaway可数名词，意为“外卖食物”，复数形式是takeaways。e.g.Ifyoucan’tcook,takeawaysarefine.如果你不会做饭,（吃）外卖食物就很好。takeaway意为“拿走”，为“动词+副词”型短语，名词作宾语时，放在短语中间或后面均可；代词作宾语时只能放在短语中间。e.g.Thefoodsmellsterrible.Takeitaway.这食物很难闻，把它拿走。Whatdoyouknowaboutsharks?Haveyoueverheardaboutsharkfinsoup?TheprocessofmakingsharkfinisverycruelMatchthemainideasofeachparagraph.Talkaboutsharkfinsoup.Sharksareendangerednow.Appealto

peopleagainsteatingsharkfins.Para.3Para.1Para.2ReadPara1andmakeTfortrueorFforfalse.()1.Sharkfin

soupisfamousandexpensiveallaroundtheworld.()2.You’rekillingawholesharkwhenyouenjoyabowlofsharkfinsoup.FTRetellthepassageaccordingtothewordsbelow.Somepeopleliketoeatshark’sfinsoup,especiallyin__________China.Butgettingtheshark’sfinisvery__________.Whenpeoplecatchsharks,they__________________theirfinsandthrowthesharksbackintotheocean.Thesharkslowlydiesbecauseitcan’t_________withoutafin.Anditisalso__________totheenvironment.Sharksareatthe_____ofthefoodchain.Ifthenumberofsharksdropstoolow,itwillbreakthebalance(平衡）ofthenature.Pleasesaynotoeatingsharkfinsoup,andtakeactionstosavethesharks!southerncruelcutoffswimharmfultopReadPara2andfilltheblanks.NumberofsharkscaughtandtradedeveryyearHowmuchthenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefalleninthelast20to30years70millionOver90percentReadParagraph3andanswerthequestions.1.Whatarethetwoenvironmentalprotectiongroupsdoingtoprotectthesharks?Andwhathavetheydone?

a.Theyareteachingthepublicabout“finning”.b.Theyhaveevenaskedgovernmentstodevelop

lawstostopthesaleofsharkfins.

2.Aresharkfinsgoodforhealth?Why?

No,theyaren’t.Becausenoscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharksaregoodforhealth.3aReadthepassageaboutsharksandcompletethefactsheetbelow.WheresharkfinsoupispopularNumberofsharkscaughtandtradedeveryyearHowmuchthenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefalleninthelast20to30yearsTwoenvironmentalgroupsagainst"finning"insouthernChina70millionover90percentWildAidandtheWWF3bReadthepassageagainandfillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox.soalthoughifbutwhen1.Manypeopledonotrealizetheyarekillingawholeshark_____theyenjoyabowlofsharkfinsoup.2.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchain,______iftheirnumbersdrop,theocean'secosystemwillbeindanger.when

soManythinkthatsharksaretoostrongtobeendangered,_________theyarewrong._________therearenoscientificstudiestosupportthis,alotofpeoplebelievethatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.5.Sharksmaydisappearoneday______wedonotdosomethingtostopthesaleofsharkfins.

butAlthoughifGrammarFocus现在进行时1、现在进行时用来表示现在正在进行的动作例:-Whataretheboysdoingonthemountain?这些男孩儿正在山上做什么?-Theyareplantingtrees.他们在植树2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态，这一动作不一定在说话人说话时发生例:ThistermheistryingtoimprovehisspokenEnglish.这学期，他正努力提高他的英语口语水平3、go，come，leave，start，arrive等动词用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作例:Weareleavingtomorrow.我们明天就要走了4、现在进行时与always连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气例:You'realwaysinterruptingme!你总是打断我的话!(抱怨)5、get,become,turn,run,go,begin,forget,die,finish它们的现在进行时表示将来，有逐渐、越来越或快要的意味二、现在完成时现在完成时由“have/has+及物动词的过去分词”构成。过去分词的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则变化的动词的过去分词和过去式的构成一样;不规则变化的动词的过去分词需特别记忆。1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常用非延续性动词，如begin，give，go，meetsee等，但不能与for，since引导的延续性的时间状语连用(在否定句中不受此限制)例:-Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?你吃过午饭了吗?Yes,Ihave.I'vejusthadit.是的，我刚刚吃过havealreadymettheseforeignguestsatthestation.我已经在车站见过这些外国客人了2、表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。通常用延续性动词，如bework，studylive等，常与表示时间长度的状语连用，如fortwodays,since1998,allday等。例:Hehasbeenawayforalongtime.他已经离开好长时间了Ihavekeptthebooksincelastmonth.自从上个月我就借这本书了3、have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto的区别have/hasbeento曾经去过某地;have/hasgoneto去了某地(现在不在这里)指已经到达某地或在去某地的路上。例:-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你去过长城吗?-Yes,I'vebeentheretwice.是的，我去过那儿两次WhereareDamingandLingling?大明和玲玲在哪儿?Theyhavegonetothelibrary.他们去图书馆了4、一般过去时与现在完成时在时间状语上的区别般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastmonth,threedaysago，in1990等;现在完成时不能与它们连用，但可以和不确定的含有“过去”之意的时间状语连用，如before,inthepastfewyears,inrecentyears等例:Lastyeargreatchangestookplaceinthevillage去年，这个村子发生了巨大的变化。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepastfewyears在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。三、被动语态1、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词2、被动语态的用法(1)当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时例:Thiskindofbookissoldinthebookstorenearourschool这种书在我们学校附近的书店出售。(2)有动作的执行者，但需要强调动作的承受者时例:Englishisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.全世界的人都说英语(3)动作的执行者不是人时例:Thetreewashitbyacar.这棵树被车撞了(4)在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时例:Ihaveanewmotorbike.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyfather.我有辆新摩托车。它是父亲送给我作为生日礼物的.(5)在新闻报道中，为了表明报道的客观性而避免主观性时例:Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Threemenwerekilled,thewoundedweretakenawaytohospitalatonceandpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.今天早晨高速公路上发生了一起车祸，三人丧生，伤员马上被送往了医院，警察被立即派去处理这一事件。(6)在科技论文中，强调客观事实时例:Whenitiscoldenough,waterwillbeturnedintoice当天气足够冷时，水将变成冰(7)有些习惯用法常以被动语态形式出现例:Weshouldbedevotedtowhatwedo.我们应致力于我们所做的(工作)。3、不用被动语态的六种情况(1)不及物动词没有动作的承受者，不能用被动结构例:那儿发生了什么事?[正]Whathashappenedoverthere?[误]Whathasbeenhappenedoverthere?(2)连系动词seem，be，become，feel，taste，look等不能用于被动语态例:这种食物尝起来很可口。[正]Thefoodtastesdelicious.[误]Thefoodistasteddelicious(3)宾语为动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句，表示主语的一些想法、爱好或愿望时，一般不用被动语态例:Iwanttobuyacomputer.我想买一台电脑。(4)宾语是相互代词、反身代词、同源宾语等时，一般不用被动语态例:Weshouldhelpeachother.我们应该互相帮助。Hethinksofhimselftoomuch.他过多地考虑自己Weliveahappylifehere.我们在这儿过着幸福的生活(5)宾语表示处所、地点时，一般不用被动语态例:HehasgonetoLondon.他已经去了伦敦(6)谓语部分(动词与宾语)是一个不可分割的动词短语时，一般不用被动语态例:Hesawthedoctoryesterdayevening.他昨天晚上看了医生1.Yourfather________.Don’tmaketoomuchnoise.A.willsleep B.issleeping C.wassleeping D.haveslept2.Hurryup.Thetrain________intwentyminutes.A.leaves B.hasleft C.isleaving D.hasbeenaway3.Speaklouder,please!Ican’thearyou.I________toaconcertinthemusichall.A.willlisten B.amlisteningC.listened D.waslistening4.—Mom,Idon’twanttowearthatcoattoday.—Butyournoseis________,Lucy!Youmaycatchacold.A.riding B.running C.showing D.brushing5.Lily,wedon’tneedtogoback.I________offallthelights.A.turn B.willturn C.amturning D.haveturned6.Idon’twanttowastetime，forI________thatfilmbefore.A.see B.haveseen C.willsee D.wasseeing7.I________almostallthepagesofthisbook,soIcanreturnitinaminute.A.read B.willread C.haveread D.wasreading8.—Yourdressissobeautiful!Whendidyoubuyit?—Onmy12thbirthday.I________itfor3years.A.bought B.havehad C.havebought9.Alotofbirds________innatureparkseveryyear.A.protect B.areprotectedC.willbeprotected D.protected10.Justasweknow,mostoftherice________inthesouthofourcountry.A.grew B.isgrown C.wasgrown D.hasgrown4aFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Joe:_____youever______(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Ken:Yes,Ihave.I______(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas