新概念英语Lesson141-143被动语态精讲课件

被动语态11.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.

Lucky52iswatchedonTVbymanypeople.Footballareplayedbythem.2.ManypeoplewatchLucky52onTV.3.Theyplayfootball.2语态:表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Manystudents

study

English.(主动语态)English

isstudied

bymanystudents.(被动语态)语态3助动词be变化规则:I用am,you用are,is连着she、he、it.单数is,复数are.如:Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher.被动语态的结构助动词be+及物动词的过去分词不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构1.一般现在时的被动语态结构:4bymanystudents.主动语态变被动语态的方法1.Manystudentsstudy

English.Englishisstudied2.Theymake

shoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.5主动语态变被动语态的方法1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by

短语。（①

by短语可以省。②by短语后跟代词的宾格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroftenasks

himquestions.Heisaskedquestions61.找宾语----即动作的承受者They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.aremade3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词

5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.

bythem.主变被解题步骤宾变主,主放后,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp7TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.8肯定句:主语＋be+过去分词＋(by~)否定句：主语＋benot＋过去分词＋(by~)一般疑问句：Be＋主语＋过去分词＋(by~)?特殊疑问句：疑问词＋be＋主语＋过去分词＋(by~)被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。bymanystudents.Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.Englishisnotstudied91.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．

bythemlastterm.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构:was/were+过去分词lastyear.2.We

plantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedTencomputerswerebought10Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.11Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActiveSomeonecleansthewindowseveryweek.Someonecleanedthemlastweek.PassiveThewindowsarecleanedeveryweek.Theywerecleanedlastweek.Peopleofteninvitemetoparties.SomeoneinvitedmetoonelastweekI_____________________________________I_____________________________________amofteninvitedtoparties.wasinvitedtoonelastweek.12Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassive3.Someonepaintsourourhouseeveryyear.4.Somepeoplepainteditlastyear.5.Peopleoftenovertakehimontheroad.6.Someoneovertakehimaminuteago.Ourhouse____________________________It____________________________________He___________________________________He___________________________________

ispaintedeveryyear.

waspaintedlastyear.

isoftenovertakenontheroad

wasovertakenaminuteago.13Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassive7.Someonewaterstheflowerseveryday.8.Someonewateredthemyesterday.Theflowers___________________________They_________________________________

arewateredeveryday.

werewateredyesterday.214Howdotheyfeel?Howdidtheyfeel?Rewritethesentencesliketheexample.Someoneembarrassedher.Somethingisworryingme.Somethingexcitedhim.Somethingisamusingthem.She_______________I__________________He________________They______________wasembarrassed.amworried.wasexcited.areamused3153.一般将来时的被动语态结构:willbe+过去分词1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillclean

theroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.16Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.174.含有情态动词的被动语态结构:can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrink

morewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.181.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.195.现在进行时的被动语态的结构is/am/are+being＋过去分词1.Someworkersarepainting

theroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted2.Heiswatching

TV.TVisbeingwatched

byhim.206.现在完成时的被动语态的结构have/has＋been＋过去分词1.Wehavemade

twentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.Wehavefinished

ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.21表格:被动态基本结构时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/will/begoingtobedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeen

donehadbeen

done226.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(济南市中考题）

——————anotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.变主动语态7.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.(青岛市中考题）8.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarm（上海市中考题）Theysentupwereplanted

aregrown中考题23Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassivePresentperfectSomeonehascaughtthethief.Thethiefhasbeencaught.Someonehascleanedthewindows.Thewindowshavebeencleaned.FuturewithwillSomeonewillcatchthethiefsoon.Thethiefwillbecaughtsoon.Someonewillcleanthewindows.Thewindowswillbecleaned.A:Hasmywatchbeenrepairedyet?(soon)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Ithasn’tbeenrepairedyet,butitwillberepairedsoon.24Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.2.A:Havethoselettersbeentypedyet?(thisafternoon)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeentypedyet,buttheywillbetypedthisafternoon.3.A:Hasmyroombeentidiedyet?(attheweekend)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Ithasn’tbeentidiedyet,butitwillbetidiedattheweekend.A:Havethechildrenbeeninvitedtothepartyyet?(nextweek)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeeninvitedyet,buttheywillbeinvitednextweek.25Lookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.5.A:HasJohnbeentoldyet?(tomorrow)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Hehasn’tbeentoldyet,buthewillbetoldtomorrow.A:Havethosejobsbeenfinishedyet?(by6o’clock)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeenfinishedyet,buttheywillbefinishedby6o’clock.226Mydaughterwasinvitedtoachildren'sparty.

我的女儿被邀请到一个儿童聚会。Ihaven’tbeentoldaboutit.没有人告诉我这件事被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.It’s/wassaid/believed/reported/+that…It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.

据报道,这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。

（2）强调动作的承受者,这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型.27

－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主语）－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主语）

－WearetaughtEnglishbyhim.（以人当主语）－Englishistaughttousbyhim.（以物作主语）被动语态的几种类型1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.（指物的宾语叫直接宾语,指人的宾语叫间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handfor:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以“人”当主语时,变法和一般的变法一样;以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.如:1.Hegaveme

abook.

2.Heteachesus

English.28keep,make三类的动词常常有宾语补足语,在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。

We

keep

food

freshinthefridge.

主谓宾宾补－Foodiskeptfreshinthefridge.Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding.

－Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.2.含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态29Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Mychildistakengoodcareof.Iturnedofftheradio.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme)

3.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态30下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式,不需再加－bybecoveredwith…用…覆盖着

beinterestedin…对…感兴趣

besurprisedat…对…感到惊奇

bemadeof（from）用…制造的动词短语的被动语态

takecareof－betakencareofcutdown－becutdownlaughat－belaughedatlookafter－belookedafter31即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice,这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.1.Isaw

himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Weheard

themsingintheclassroom.Theywasheardtosingintheclassroom.4.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态32（1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时,不能改为被动语态。Weoftenhelpeachother.

我们常常互相帮助。（2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have,like,takeplace,belongto…）如:

Iliketheseflowers.我喜欢这些花。

Iwillhaveameeting.

不说Ameetingwillbehad.应说Ameetingwillbeheld.5.不能用于被动语态的几种情况33把下列句子变成被动语态:Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.2）Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．3）WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo…．Practice344)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．

TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．35填空（完成被动语态填空）

1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改为被动语态）

Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）

Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgivenbyPractice363.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）

English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）

English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillpublishthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）

Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillbepublished371.Insomecountries,tea______withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served2.Greatchanges_____inmyhometownsince1980.A.havebeentakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.weretakenplace3.Thenewtypeofcarisgoingto______inthreeyears.A.turnoutB.beturnedoutC.hasturnedoutD.havebeenturnedout4.Thewomanmurderedherfriendand______to______.A.wassentenced,deathB.sentencing,dieC.sentenced,deathD.sentenced,die被动语态专项练习:选择填空385.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.

－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken399.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Plays______twiceamonthinthattheatre.A.putonB.areputonC.wasputonD.oftenputon40

13.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto14.Astrangesound______yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.hearsC.heardD.isheard15.Abeautifulbike_______himbyhisclassmates.A.senttoB.willsenttoC.wassenttoD.willbesentfor16.MissChen______just______tospeakatthemeeting.A.has…beenaskedB.hasbeen…askedC.Havebeen…