从问题到程序：CC++程序设计基础 裘宗燕 课后作业汇总 1-8

--《高级语言程序设计》课后作业第1章程序设计和C/C++语言院系&专业：______________学生姓名：____________学号：______________填空题：冯·诺依曼体系结构中，计算机系统由__________________、__________________、存储器、输入设备和输出设备组成。计算机能够自动地完成各种工作的基础是________________和________________原理。计算机系统由_________________和软件系统两部分组成。软件系统一般可分为系统软件和_____________________两大类。工业上把计算机的运算器和控制器做在一起，称为_________________________。计算机的存储器分为__________________________和____________________（硬盘、优盘等）。编程语言的发展可以分为三个阶段：机器语言、________________和________________按照语言在计算机系统中的实现技术，高级语言大致可以分为两种类型：__________和____________C语言的两个主要国际标准是____________和____________。用户按照C++语言的规则编辑保存的文件称为源文件或源程序，扩展名为____________。每个C/C++程序都必须有一个且只能有一个______________，程序执行时将从它的第一条语句开始，到它结束为止。C/C++语言源程序经过__________和__________后才能生成________________（扩展名为_________)。通常人们都用IDE软件进行C/C++语言程序开发工作。“IDE”的中文含义是：______________________。可用于C/C++语言开发工作的IDE有多种，本课程教学中使用的免费IDE是____________，微软公司出品的可用于各种编程语言的IDE称为________________________编译源程序时，如果出现错误信息“非法字符'\241'在程序中”，原因是________________________请说明下面程序中的每一行代码的含义：/*简单的C++入门程序*/ ________________________________________#include<iostream> ________________________________________usingnamespacestd; ________________________________________//主函数 ________________________________________intmain() ___________________________________{ ________________________________________ cout<<"勤学好问自强不息"<<endl; ________________________________________ return0; ________________________________________} ________________________________________《高级语言程序设计》课后作业第2章数据与简单计算程序院系&专业：______________学生姓名：____________学号：______________填空题：在C/C++语言里，要给各种对象命名以便相互区分，这些名字叫做____________。标识符可以由____________、____________和下划线组成，而且第一个字符必须是____________。（名词解释）关键字：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________C/C++程序中描述计算过程的基本单位是语句。语句必须以____________结束。C/C++语言中的三种基本数据类型是____________、____________和____________。用32位二进制数表示带正负号的int类型数据的可表示数据范围是－________～＋________。C/C++语言中常用的三种实数类型的类型名是____________、____________和longdouble。C/C++语言中最常用的字符类型的类型名是________________在字符串中的特殊字符的换意序列写法：换行符__________，制表符__________，单引号__________在C/C++语言源程序的语句中写有'a'和"a"，这两者的区别是________________________________C/C++语言中的算术运算符共有5个：________、________、________、________和______。在C++程序中常使用cout<<实现基本输出操作。其中cout是_________________，“<<”是______________冯·诺依曼体系结构中，计算机内部数据采用__________进制编码。存储单位换算：1字节(Byte)包含__________位(bit)；1MB≈____________KB；1GB≈____________MB。通常用的Windows操作系统按照____________可以分为“32位”和“64位”两种版本英文字符通常采用的编码是__________________，其中空格字符的编码是____________。（名词解释）溢出：_______________________________________________________________________在C++语言程序中如果需要使用各种标准数学函数，则源程序中必须写有：#include____________。使用C/C++语言中的标准数学函数，把数学公式写成C/C++语言表达式：

_________________________标准数学函数sin的类型特征说明为：doublesin(double)，其含义是：_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________简答题：1、解释在对表达式5.8+(int)(2.1*3)求值的过程中发生的类型转换，并说出结果。答：2、如果一个由int类型数据参与计算的表达式（例如2147483647*10）在求值时出现溢出，怎么解决？答：《高级语言程序设计》课后作业第3章变量与控制结构院系&专业：______________学生姓名：____________学号：______________填空题在C/C++程序中，用一对花括号把多个语句括起来，就构成一个__________________________。变量的基本操作有两个：__________________和__________________。关于变量的定义和使用的原则是：_______________________________________________请写代码定义一个int类型的变量n，并初始化为100请写代码定义一个char类型的变量ch，并初始化为字符'A'：一般情况下，如果没有特殊原因，浮点计算总是应该使用________________类型。通常把名为i、j、k、m、n的变量定义为________类型，名为x、y、z的变量定义为__________类型。赋值表达式的返回值是______________________________________________________________请用一条语句定义枚举型常量BEGIN=10和END=90：____________________________________________________某程序中写有文字行：#definelen20，其含义是：_____________________________________________________________请写出C/C++语言中所有6个关系运算符：________________________________________________请写出C/C++语言中的所有3个逻辑运算符：________________________写出判断int类型的变量k是否大于等于0且小于10的逻辑表达式：_______________________________________程序中已定义变量k和n并赋有初值，然后有如下两条语句：k++;n=k+5;。请按照增量运算符的含义把这两条语句合并写成已有整型变量k和n，执行如下语句：k=2;n=2+++k;之后，n的值为：___________________在C++程序中常使用cin>>实现基本输入操作。其中cin是______________，“>>”是_______________程序执行的三种基本流程模式是：顺序执行、____________________和____________________。写一个条件语句用cout<<输出变量x的绝对值：_________________________________________________________在if(…){…}语句中需要利用“整型变量k的值不等于零”作为执行条件，请写出两种写法：（1）_______________________________________________（2）_________________________________________________（选择题）在switch结构中，如果某个case分支中没有break语句，那么程序在执行这个case分支中的语句序列之后，将会：(A)执行相邻的下一个case分支中的语句；(B)结束switch结构。____do-while()结构与while()结构在执行时的主要区别是____________________________________________________在循环体中的break语句的作用是_____________________________________________________________________________当无法事先确定一个循环结构的循环次数时，可以在循环体内用________________语句退出循环。如果程序可以正常地通过编译，但是运行时结果有错误，说明程序中含有____________________________在测试程序时，选择合适的测试数据的原则是：______________________________________________________________编程题1、写一个程序，判断1900~2500年之间的年份哪些是闰年，并输出闰年的值。#include<iostream>_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2、写一个程序，判断-10~1000之间的整数哪些是质数（注意，按照数学定义，只在正整数才有质数和合数的概念，所有负数都不是质数），输出各个质数，并统计输出此范围内的质数总个数。#include<iostream>_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《高级语言程序设计》课后作业第4章基本编程技术院系&专业：______________学生姓名：____________学号：______________填空题在编写程序寻找完全平方数、水仙花数或同构数时可以使用相同的策略，即__________________策略。程序中已在一个程序片段的前后两个位置调用标准库中的函数clock，把该函数的返回值保存在整型变量t0和t1中，请配合使用符号常量CLOCKS_PER_SECOND，求出以秒为单位的时间间隔（保留小数部分）：____________________________________________________________________________________________使用标准库中的函数time获取当前时间，以此作为种子数，用标准库中的函数srand设定随机数种子：________________________在运行过程中需要由用户输入数据并输出数据给用户的程序称为________________________程序中使用“cin>>”输入数据，当用户输入非法数据时，提取运算符“>>”的返回值为______程序中有预处理命令“#include<sstream>”，并有语句“istringstreaminss("10152918");”，程序中有预处理命令“#include<fstream>”，并有语句“ifstreaminput("data.txt");”，该语句的含义是：____________________________________________________________________在程序中需要输入字符变量的值时，可以使用标准库函数________________或cin的成员函数cin.get。从输入文件流中读取字符数据到int类型变量，如果到达文件末尾，则变量得到的值为_____________标准库中有一批字符分类函数，它们的名称都以“is”开头，对满足条件的字符返回非0值，否则返回0值。其返回值常被作为逻辑值使用，用于控制程序流程。名称和功能与此类似的函数被称为________________。编程题1、一个三位的十进制整数，如果它的三个数字的立方和等于这个数的值，就称为一个“水仙花数”。例如水仙花数153=13+53+33。写程序找出[100,999]范围内的所有水仙花数并输出。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________return0;}2、Fibonacci数列{Fn}的定义如下：F1=1,F2=1,……Fn=Fn−1+Fn−2(n>2)。请写程序打印输出Fibonacci的前20项。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________return0;}《高级语言程序设计》课后作业第5章函数与变量院系&专业：______________学生姓名：____________学号：______________一个函数定义包括____________和____________两部分。请指出如下函数定义（省略号表示一系列语句）中依次用下划线标出的各部分的含义：doublecalculate(doubler)｛…｝①______________②________③____________④________________当一个函数具有返回值时，则通常函数体内至少应该有一个________________语句。当所定义的一个函数不需要返回值时，则在函数头部写返回值类型的位置写上____________。每个变量定义都有一个确定的作用范围，这个范围称为该变量定义的________________。变量的作用域是由________________________确定的。一个变量在程序执行中从建立到销毁在复合语句中定义的变量，其作用域是____________________________________________，根据它们的作用域这一特点而把它们称为________________，这类变量的存在期是__________________________________________，它们在内存中的建立与销毁都是由系统自动执行的，由此也把它们称为________________。C/C++函数的值参数机制指的是：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________C++程序中的函数以引用形式作参数时，与值参数的主要区别是：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________函数的“递归调用”是指________________________________________________________________使用条件表达式补充完整如下用于计算整数的绝对值的函数：intabsvalue(intk){return________________________;}补充完整如下用于判断一个年份是否为闰年的函数：intisleapyear(intyear){return________________________________________________________;}外部变量的作用域是____________________________________________________________，存在期是______________________。静态局部变量的特点是：_____________________、________________________和________________________。在某函数中定义一个int类型的静态局部变量seed，则写成：________________________________如果在程序中想把自定义的函数写在main()函数下方，则需要在main()之前写上_____________________C/C++程序中，第一个非空白字符是#的行是_________________命令行。1/2在C++系统中，标准头文件中的函数、类、对象和类模板都是在名字空间std中定义的，为了在程序中方便地使用这些程序对象，就需要在程序前面部分写上这条语句：________________________________1/2简答题1、局部变量、全局变量和静态局部变量在初始化方面有何不同（需按照有无初始化语句讨论）？2、执行下面的程序之后，屏幕输出结果是什么？请详细说明为什么是这个结果。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;inta=13,b=24;voidfunc(intk1,intk2){cout<<k1+k2<<"\t"<<b;}intmain(){inta=5,b=6;func(a,b);return0;}编程题1、写函数判断一个正整数n是否为质数。__________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________} __________________________________________________2、使用已有的isprime函数在小范围内 __________________________________________________验证歌德巴赫猜想：对6到200之间的 __________________________________________________各偶数找出一种质数分解，即找出两个 __________________________________________________质数，使它们的和等于这个偶数。 }_________________________________________________3、已知有不为零的正整数m和n，请按照辗转相除法用递归方式和循环方式写出求最大公约数的函数。int________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________4、菲波那契数列的定义是：F1=1,F2=1,……Fn=Fn−1+Fn−2(n>2)；写两个函数，分别用递归方式和循环方式计算菲波那契数列的第n项。（如果纸面空间不够请自写）2/2________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________}_______________________________________ ___________________________________________《高级语言程序设计》课后作业第6章数组院系&专业：______________学生姓名：____________学号：______________填空题请定义一个名称为a、长度为100的int类型的数组变量：______________________根据ANSIC的标准，在定义数组时，数组的大小必须可以________________________________________________。在程序中以如下语句定义了外部数组：intga[100];，则在程序运行时刚开始时ga[0]的值为________。在程序中以如下语句定义了局部数组：inta1[10]={1,2,3};，则程序运行时执行完该语句之后，a1[3]的值为________。已知有数组intnum[100];，则语句num[100]=0;会导致运行时出现______________________错误。在定义以数组为参数的函数时，通常还需要把________________________也作为函数的参数。请定义一个名称为s、长度为100的字符数组，并初始化为用字符数组存储字符串时，字符串末尾需要加上字符____________用于表示字符串结束。在定义以字符串为参数的函数时，通常不需要其它参数用于表示字符串的大小，原因是__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________标准库函数中，可用于求出字符串长度的函数是____________________，可用于比较两个字符串是否相等的函数是__________________编程题/简答题___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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