高考英语语法总复习之定语从句课件

It’sabrokenchair.

It’sachairwhichisbroken.观察例句用于修饰限定名词（或代词），由连词引导，且置于被修饰词后的从句定语从句It’sachair

which

isbroken.定语从句结构(先行词)关系词从句部分观察例句练习1判断以下句中从句是否为定语从句01.Afriendwhofrownsisbetterthanasmilingenemy.02.Asiaisoneoftheplaceswheremankindcame.03.Inordertomakeachange,youshoulddecidewhyitisimportant.04.Collegeiswhereyoumeetdifferentkindsofpeople.05.Ateamthatisfullofenthusiasmismorelikelytowin.判断方法：主句成分完整，从句仅用于修饰限制主句的某个名词性成分Themanwhohasabeautifulwifeisafarmer.Theman,whohasabeautifulwife,possessesabull.观察例句定语从句限制性定从从句修饰限制先行词，使主句信息完整，一般没有逗号隔开非限制性定从从句补充说明被修饰部分，连接的是两个同样重要的分句。书写时必须写出逗号观察例句找出下面定语从句中的关系词，并判断其在从句中所起的作用Theladyturnsouttobemorethansixty,whichisabigsurprise.ThemanwhospoketoyoujustnowisourEnglishteacher.HeistheonewhomIranintoyesterday.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.Ihaveneverheardsuchastoryasitis.ThislittletownistheplacewhereIwasborn.Tomcouldneverforgetthedayswhenhelivedwithhisgrandparents.Lilydidn’ttellmetheexactreasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewon’tgotoBeijing.Theladyturnsouttobemorethansixty,whichisabigsurprise.ThemanwhospoketoyoujustnowisourEnglishteacher.HeistheonewhomIranintoyesterday.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.Ihaveneverheardsuchastoryasitis.ThislittletownistheplacewhereIwasborn.Tomcouldneverforgetthedayswhenhelivedwithhisgrandparents.Lilydidn’ttellmetheexactreasonwhysherefusedtheoffer.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewon’tgotoBeijing.观察例句找出下面定语从句中的关系词，并判断其在从句中所起的作用主语主语宾语宾语表语状语状语状语定语定语关系

副词关系

代词关系词关系

形容词由关系代词引导的从句主干结构不完整，关系代词作主/宾/表语由关系副词引导的从句主干结构完整，关系副词作状语由关系形容词引导的从句主干结构完整，关系形容词作定语关系词替代先行词在从句中起作用which,who,whom,that,aswhere,when,whywhich,whoseAteamthatconsistsofyoungpeopleismoreenergetic.IhappentohavethesamebookasJoycehas.Asiaisoneoftheplaceswheremankindcame.Ijoinedavolunteerorganization,whoseaimistohelpyoungpeople.Imayworkto12o’clock,inwhichcaseI’llphoneyou.巩固理解关系代词who/whom指人；who在从句中作主/宾/表语，whom作宾语，在限制定从中常省略Thepeoplewhom/whoIworkwithareallfriendly.非限定从中作宾语或介词后都只能用whomMr.Carter,___Ispoketoonthephonelastnight,

isveryinterestedinourplan.which一般指物；在定语从句中做主/宾/表语，在限制性从句中做宾语时常可省略Thechildrenlikecookies(which)mywifemakes.引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句Jimpassedhisdrivingtest,whichsurprisedeverybody.that指人或物；只用于限制性定从中，作主/宾/表语，做宾语时常可省略Idon’tlikestoriesthathaveunhappyendings.Heisthemanthatlivesnextdoor.*as指人或物，做主/宾/表语，有“正如...”之意在限制性定从中，as只用在as/such/so/thesame

修饰的先行词之后Suchmenasheardhimweredeeplymoved.I'veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.在非限制性定从中，

as修饰整个句子Ihatemybrother,aseveryoneknows.Thenumberofsmokers,

isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinoneyear.Thebooksonthedesk,

areshiny,areprizesforus.Ihavetwosisters,bothof____aredoctors.Thisistheveryperson

I’mwaitingfor.Those____wanttoattendtheceremonyshouldsignyournamehere.练习2使用恰当的关系代词填空关系副词where指地点（抽象或现实的），相当于介词+which

Potatocanbegrowninplaceswhere/inwhichitistoocoldtogrowrice.when指时间，相当于介词+which

Ishallneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIfellinlovewithher.why指原因，相当于for+which（在非限制定从中表原因只用forwhich）

Canyoutellmethereasonwhy/forwhichthecarbrokedown.Istillremembertheday____IfirstcametoBeijing.Canyoutellmetheoffice_____heworks.Doyouknowthereason_____heisabsent?Theaccidenthasreached

apoint_____boththeirparentsaretobecalledin.I’llneverforgetthedays_____westudiedtogether.练习3使用恰当的关系副词填空关系形容词which表示“如此的，这样的”，在非限定从中作定语，是书面用语

Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewon’tgotoBeijing.whose指人或物；表示“···的”，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词

Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.whose+n.=then.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+then.

Iknowthepolicemanwhose

daughterisapopularteacherinourschool.Thisisthehouse_____windowbrokelastnight.Thisisthehouse,of____thewindowbrokelastnight.Hestilllivesintheroom_____windowfacestotheeast.Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindowof_____facestotheeast.Jamesmaycometoourhouse,in_____casewecouldplaysomevideogames.练习4使用恰当的关系形容词填空关系词辨析which和thatwho和thatas和whichwhich和that指物只用which的情况介词之后I’mlookingforacontainerinwhichIcanputallthesecoins.非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisafungame,hasbeenattractingtheworld’sinterest.当指物先行词中有：不定代词;序数词或最高级;theonly/thesame/thelast/thevery/next;

theway/thefact/time(次数)时

不定代词包括something/anything/none/no/all/much/many/some/any/each/little/few等

That’sall(that)Iwanttotellyounow.

HeisthemostintelligentdogthatIhaveevermet.

SheistheveryonethatIamlookingfor.

Idon’tliketheway(that)youact.当先行词中既有人又有物时Thethingsandthepeoplethatyoumentionedwereamazingtome.当先行词为集体名词时Shewantstojoinateamthatconsistsofteenagers.Therebe/Herebe句式中Hereisthehotelinthewoodsthathasmorethanathousandrooms.只用that的情况Doyouhaveanything____youwanttosayforyourself?Youshouldhandinall____youhave.Thisistheschoolin____Ioncestudied.Theonlything____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.Thistrainisthelast____willgotoSuzhou.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.Doyouknowthethingsandpersons____theyaretalkingabout?练习5使用恰当的关系词填空that和who先行词为指人的不定代词anyone/everyone/noone/anybody/everybody/all/…及those时Thosewhowanttoattendtheceremonyshouldsignyournamehere.Allwhocamewereinwhite.当指人先行词与从句隔开时Theboynextdoorwhohasthreelegsismyfriend.Therebe/Herebe句式中主语为人时Therearethreepersonswhorefusetotakethemoney.用来避免“who⋯who”，“which⋯which”，“that…that…”这种结构Whothatsawherdidnotlikeher?Sheisthegirl_____livesnextdoor.Anyone_____triestheirbestshouldbepraised.That’sthegirl_____IteachaboutChineseculture.Whoistheperson_____isstandingatthegate?Thereusedtobeastudentinourclass_____madethebestcookiesandsharedwithus.Those_____laughlastlaughbest.练习6使用恰当的关系词填空which和asas有“和...一样，如…”之意，经常和thesame/as/such/so搭配；which无此意IboughtthesamebookasJerryhas.as可以放主句句首/中/尾，which只用于句尾Asisknowntoall,theearthturnsaroundthesun(,asisknowntoall).当从句谓语动词为否定式或其后有复合宾语时，一般用whichHedislikeseveryoneintheclass,whichIthinkquitestrange.1.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_____helpsthemkeepfit.2.Hegetsupearly,_____isalwayshishabit.3.Shesucceededinherdoingtheresearchwork,_____weexpected.4.____weallknow,heneversmokes.5.Ishouldliketousethesametool____isusedhere.练习7使用恰当的关系代词填空介词+关系词结构（名词/代词/数词/最高级+）

介词+关系代词Hehassixdaughters,thetallestofwhomisLisa.

(then.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+then.=whose+n.)介词+which/whomtodoHehasapieceoflandonwhichtolive.(＝onwhichhemaylive.)介词+whose+名词Tomworksinafactory,inwhosefrontthereisariver.

(=Heworksinafactoryandinfrontofitthereisariver.)*from+where关系副词前一般不加介词，但是这个结构例外，此时的where代指地点短语而不是某个先行词Wewentuptotheroof,fromwherewecouldseethewholegarden.Thisisthehouseof____Ispoke.Thisisthecamera____whichheoftentakesphotos.Thisisthepilot____mysonwassaved.Arethosethesongs____you’reinterested?Theboy­­­____Iwenttothecinemalastweekendismybestfriend.Tomorrowisaparticularday_____hisdaughterwillgetmarried.Wecan’tlivewithoutthesun_____wegetheatandlight.Thereusedtobeabigcityin_____householdswereequippedwithafireplace.练习8使用恰当的介词、关系词或介词+关系词填空巩固练习1.Isthisthelab______theforeignersvisitedyesterday?2.Ihavethesamebook______youboughtjustnow.3.I’dliketoborrowthesametypewriter_______wasusedyesterday.4.I,who______(be)oneofthesports-lovers,oftenspendsometimeontraininginthestadium.5.Let’sdiscusssuchquestions______areaboutthefutureoftheyouth.6.Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.7.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions______wereaskedinFrench.8.Thesebooks______hereadsomeofwerewrittenbyLuXun.9.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room______mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.10.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceof_____wasveryreasonable.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,________heremembersstartedasearlyashischildhood. where B.which C.what D.when2.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_____theaudiencecanbuyice­cream. A.when B.where C.that D.which3.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks____animalsandplantscanbeprotected. A.when B.which C.whose D.where4.Hemaywinthecompetition，________heislikely