2022年高考真题北京卷英语试卷

2022年高考真题北京卷英语试卷-学生用卷

一、知识运用共两节，30分。

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最

佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第1~10题15分

OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying"freeplay",Isteppedtothedoorwayofthe

classroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I1amovementoftheheavywooden

door.ThiswastheverydoorI2guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheir

safetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill（寒意）gothroughmybody.

Mylegscarriedmetothatdoor,andIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthought

was3thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateand

was4toopenthedoor.

Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!Withoutaword,Irushedhimtothehospital.He

wastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.He'dneedtimeto5,andwouldn'tcome

forclassthenextday,Ithought.

Thenextmorning,oneofthefirstto6wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Not

onlydidheruninwithenergy,buthis7couldbeheardasloudasever!Igave

himawarmhugandtoldhimhow8Iwastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayed

withmealltheseyears,"Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.”

ThatcoldMondaymorning,hewaitedalong,longwhileforadultsto9.

Toachild,everyminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidn'tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.

Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmeapowerfullessonin10.

A.causedB.spottedC.checkedD.imagined

A.hesitantlyB.randomlyC.dizzilyD.carefully

A.angryB.absentC.specialD.noisy

A.courageousB.contentC.unableD.unwilling

A.recoverB.playC.changeD.wait

A.settleB.gatherC.arriveD.react

A.sneezeB.weepC.complaintD.laughter

A.luckyB.happyC.curiousD.nervous

A.showupB.pullupC.holdupD.lineup

A.gratitudeB.forgivenessC.faithD.kindness

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

2、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第11~13题4.5分

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词

的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Helenwaswalkingdownthestreetlate1theevening,herarmsfilled

withgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn'tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.As

Helenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthavean

intention2(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.

Eventually,theman3(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingto

returnherwallet!

3、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第14〜16题4.5分

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词

的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Whydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothers?Onetheory,

increasingly1(support)byexperts,suggeststhatsmellpreferencesare

learned.It*seasytoexplainhowwedetermine2smellsaredangerousornot:

welearn.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gas

naturally3(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedso

thatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.

4、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第17~20题6分

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词

的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Sincepeoplecan'talwayseatoutorcookfor1(they),theygettakeoutor

orderdelivery.Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste,especiallyplasticwaste.That

includescups,bottles,andbags,mostof2areonlygoodforoneuse.That'sa

bigproblemanditisgettingeven3(bad).Theuseofthose

plastics4(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon'tsurviveifthis

situationcontinues.

二、阅读理解第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

5、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第21~23题6分

Peer(同伴)AssistedStudySessions(PASS)isapeer-facilitatedlearningprogrammeavailableto

studentsenrolled(注册)inmostcoreunitsofstudyinourbusinessschool.

PASSinvolvesweeklysessionswhereyouworkingroupstotacklespeciallypreparedproblemsets,

basedaroundaunitofstudyyou'reenrolledin.

PASSdoesn'tre-teachordelivernewcontent.It*sanopportunitytodeepenyourunderstandingofthe

keypointsfromlecturematerialswhileyouareapplyingyourskillstosolveproblems.

Youworkinteractivelywithyourpeers.Asapeergroup,youdecidewhatiscoveredineachsession.

Thatway,PASSdirectlyrespondstoyourneedsandfeedback.

RegistrationinTerm2willopenat9am,21September2022.

Waitinglists

Ifasessionisfull,youcanregisterforthewaitinglist.Wewillemailyouifaplacebecomes

availableorifanewsessionistobeheld.

Whenyouareplacedonawaitinglist,wewillemailyouanumberwhichtellsyouwhereyouareon

thelist.Ifyouareclosetothefrontofthelist,youhaveagoodchanceofgainingaplaceintheprogramme

inthenearfuture.

Deregistering

IfyoumisstwoPASSsessionsinarow,youwillbederegisteredandyourplacewillbegivento

someoneonthewaitinglist.Makesureyoufillintheattendancesheetateachsessiontorecordyour

attendance.

You'llbeinformedbyemailifyouarebeingderegisteredasaresultofmissingsessions.Ifyou

believeyouhavereceivedtheemailinerror,emailthePASSofficeatpassoffice@umbs.edu.

(1)InPASS,students.

A.attendnewlectures.

B.decidetheirownschedules.

C.prepareproblemsetsingroups.

D.usetheirskillstosolveproblems.

(2)Whatcanstudentsdoifasessionisfull?

A.Fillintheattendancesheet.

B.Signupforthewaitinglist.

C.Reporttheirneedsandfeedback.

D.Emailtheofficetheirnumbersonthelist.

(3)Studentswillbederegisteredif

A.theysendemailsinerror.

B.theyfailtoworkinteractively.

C.theygivetheirplacestoothers.

D.theymisstwosessionsinarow.

6、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第24〜27题8分(每题2分)

MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilityto

doanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringat

thiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:Iwantedtobeperfectat

whateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.

Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.His

presentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferencein

theworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuild

upmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim——anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirst

contactwaswheremystorybegan.

Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,I

nowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,

butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,

applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmy

highschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobal

teamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.

IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI'verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle

(障碍)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrase

thathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:IcantTheysaygoodthingscometothose

whowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoes

notrequireourpatience,butouraction.

(1)WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice'sanxiety?

A.Herinabilitytoactherage.

B.Herhabitofconsumption.

C.Herdesiretobeperfect.

D.Herlackofinspiration.

(2)HowdidGrantBrown'spresentationinfluenceAlice?

A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature.

B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.

C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire.

D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.

(3)TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore

A.intelligent

B.confident

C.innovative

D.critical

(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.

C.Actionisworry'sworstenemy.

D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.

7、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第28〜30题6分

"Whatwouldtheworldbeiftherewerenohunger?"It'saquestionthatProfessorCrystalwouldask

herstudents.Theyfoundithardtoanswer,shewrotelater,becauseimaginingsomethingthatisn'tpartof

reallife一andlearninghowtomakeitreal一isarareskill.Itistaughttoartistsandengineers,butmuch

lessoftentoscientists.Crystalsetouttochangethat,andhelpedtocreateaglobalmovement.Theresult-

anapproachknownassystemsthinking一isnowseenasessentialinmeetingglobalchallenges.

Systemsthinkingiscrucialtoachievingtargetssuchaszerohungerandbetternutritionbecauseit

requiresconsideringthewayinwhichfoodisproduced,processed,deliveredandconsumed,andlooking

athowthosethingsintersect（交叉）withhumanhealth,theenvironment,economicsandsociety.

Accordingtosystemsthinking,changingthefoodsystem—oranyothernetwork—requiresthreethingsto

happen.First,researchersneedtoidentifyalltheplayersinthatsystem;second,theymustworkouthow

theyrelatetoeachother;andthird,theyneedtounderstandandquantifytheimpactofthoserelationships

oneachotherandonthoseoutsidethesystem.

Takenutrition.InthelatestUNreportonglobalfoodsecurity,thenumberofundernourished（营养

不良）peopleintheworldhasbeenrising,despitegreatadvancesinnutritionscience.Trackingof150

biochemicalsinfoodhasbeenimportantinrevealingtherelationshipsbetweencalories,sugar,fatandthe

occurrenceofcommondiseases.Butusingmachinelearningandartificialintelligence,somescientists

proposethathumandietsconsistofatleast26,000biochemicals一andthatthevastmajorityarenot

known.Thisshowsthatwehavesomewaytotravelbeforeachievingthefirstobjectiveofsystemst

hinking-which,inthisexample,istoidentifymoreconstituentpartsofthenutritionsystem.

Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltontheassumptionthateveryoneinthesystemhas

equalpower.Butassomeresearchersfind,thefoodsystemisnotanequalone.Agoodwaytoredress

（修正）suchpowerimbalanceisformoreuniversitiestodowhatCrystaldidandteachstudentshowto

thinkusingasystemsapproach.

Moreresearchers,policymakersandrepresentativesfromthefoodindustrymustlearntolookbeyond

theirdirectlinesofresponsibilityandadoptasystemsapproach.Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedon't

produceresults,butconcludedthat"wellneverproduceresultsthatwecan'tenvision'1.

（1）TheauthorusesthequestionunderlinedinParagraph1to.

A.illustrateanargument

B.highlightanopinion

C.introducethetopic

D.predicttheending

(2)Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefieldofnutrition?

A.Thefirstobjectiveofsystemsthinkinghasn，tbeenachieved.

B.Therelationshipsamongplayershavebeenclarified.

C.Machinelearningcansolvethenutritionproblem.

D.Theimpactofnutritioncannotbequantified.

(3)Asforsystemsthinking,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Itmaybeusedtojustifypowerimbalance.

B.Itcanbeappliedtotacklechallenges.

C.Ithelpstoprovewhyhungerexists.

D.Itgoesbeyondhumanimagination.

8、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第31~34题8分

Quantum(量子)computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeensendingme

articlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.

I'vealsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnson

whoIseeassomeonewhohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.

Fordecades,quantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Now,bigtech

companieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputing,ashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusiness

Weekly,quantummachinescouldhelpus"curecancer,andeventakestepstoturnclimatechangeinthe

oppositedirection.*'Thisisthesortofhype(炒作)thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchers

aremakingpromisestheycan'tkeep."What'snew,"Johnsonwrote,"isthatmillionsofdollarsarenow

potentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers."

Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,

journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork'spotential.Ifresearcherscan'tkeep

theirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsof

othertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.Butsomethingaboutquantumcomputing

makesitespeciallypronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecausen,quantum,standsforsomething

coolyoushouldn'tbeabletounderstand."AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,whosuggestedthatIreadhis

bookQforQuantum.

AfterIreadthebook,Taylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.Healsoansweredmy

questionsaboutPyQuantum,thefirmheco-foundedin2016.TaylorsharesJohnson'sconcernsabouthype,

buthesaysthoseconcernsdonotapplytoPyQuantum.

Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin(幅度)"tobuildinga

"useful"quantumcomputer,onethat"solvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenableto

solveotherwise."Headds,''Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalotoftime

quantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers."

CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition,'byawidemarginH,asTaylorclaims?Idon't

know.Emcertainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.ButI

trustTaylor,justasItrustJohnson.

(1)RegardingJohnson'sconcerns,theauthorfeels.

A.sympathetic

B.unconcerned

C.doubtful

D.excited

(2)WhatleadstoTaylofsoptimismaboutquantumcomputing?

A.Hisdominanceinphysics.

B.Thecompetitioninthefield.

C.HisconfidenceinPyQuantum.

D.Theinvestmentoftechcompanies.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prone"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.Open.

B.Cool.

C.Useful.

D.Resistant.

(4)Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.IsJohnsonMoreCompetentThanTaylor?

B.IsQuantumComputingRedefiningTechnology?

C.WillQuantumComputersEverComeintoBeing?

D.WillQuantumComputingEverLiveUptoItsHype?

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

9、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第35~39题10分

Healthandfitnesshelpapersonliveagoodandhealthylife.Oftenduetovariouspressures,wetend

toignoreourhealth.1Itisthefitnesslevelofourbodythathelpsusfight

thesediseases.

2Weneedtobefittohaveahealthybody.Similarly,ifwearehealthywe

shallnaturallybeattractedtowardsmaintainingthefitnessofourbody.Healthisthestateofourbodyata

giventime.Wemaynothaveanydiseasebutstillhaveaweakbody,whichisreadytobetargetedby

viruses.3Thisdoesnotdefinitelymeanthatwearenothealthy.Itmeansthe

fitnesslevelisnotinaccordancewithourageandtheclimaticconditionswelivein.

Itisimportantforeveryonetodevotesometimetohealthand

fitness.4Forinstance,wemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageand

workingstyle.Therearedifferentlevelsofexercisesfordifferentagegroupsandwemustdothem

accordingtoourownhealthandage.

Additionally,itisimportanttorelaxourbody.Weshouldhaveatleastsixtoeighthoursofsleep

eveiyday.Ithelpsinimprovingourimmune（免疫）systemandprotectsusagainst

diseases.5This,inturn,givesusnewgoalsofhealthandfitness.

A.Fitnesslevelsdecidethequalityoflife.

B.Healthandfitnessareinterrelatedtoeachother.

C.Italsohelpsinkeepinguscalmandrelaxesourmind.

D.Forinstance,wemayhaveatendencytocatchacoldeasily.

E.Ifwekeepourbodyfit,wecanenjoylifeinabettermanner.

F.Therearesomeactivitieswhicheveryoneshoulddoinourlife.

G.Thismakesourbodysufferandwewillcatchotherdiseases.

三、书面表达共两节，32分。

第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12

分)

10、【来源】2022年高考真题北京卷第40-43题12分(2分,2分,3分,5分)

2022年高考真题北京卷

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

Tom,a15-year-oldinventorandentrepreneur(仓U业者)，witnessedathisownschoolthe

widespreadconsumptionofsugarydrinksbykids.Heknewtherehadtobeabetterportabledrinksolution

anddecidedtoinnovatefromsomethinghesawinhisownhome:fruitinfused(浸泡)water.

Tomwatchedhismummakehealthyfruitinfusionsbutthenstruggleforatake-alongoption.From

observinghismumandfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptions,hecameupwithhisoriginal

modelfortheFunBottle.MIwantedtocomeupwithahealthy,naturalwayforpeopletodrinkwhenonthe

go.Abigpartofmymissionistogetpeopleofallagesoffsugarydrinks,"Tomexplains.

Thebottleismadewithastrainer(滤网)thatallowsthegreattastesandnaturalsugarsofthe

variousfruitsandvegetablesyouchoosetocomethroughthewater,withoutanyoftheseedsorskins

flowingthrough.

TomisproudofhisdesignandexcitedtobesellingtheFunBottleonhiswebsiteandinstores,but

this15-year-oldismostproudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers.Ithelpstoprovide

healthyalternativestosugarydrinks;andalsoTomdonatespartoftheprofitstotheOrganisationfora

HealthierGeneration(OHG).

Tomhasbeenawardedseveralprizes,butthisteenageinnovatorremainshumble.Whenaskedwhat

advicehe'dgiveotherentrepreneurialyouth,hesays,"Prepareandhaveyourfamily'ssupport.Itis

importanttoknowfromthebeginningthattherearealotofhighsandlows,andthereisnosuchthingas

overnightsuccess.n

(1)WhatdidTomwitnessathisownschool?

(2)WheredidTomgettheideafortheoriginalmodelfortheFunBottle?

(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatemen