2023年景德镇市浮梁县考研《英语一》巅峰冲刺试卷含解析

2023年景德镇市浮梁县考研《英语一》巅峰冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)KingEvanwassoconsciousaboutkeepinghispeoplehappyandconsideredthemashisownfamily.Hetookgreatcareto1hispeople’sneedsandtheylivedhappily.However,KingEvanusedtohearhiscourt（宫廷）mensaythatpeopleinhiskingdomalways2himforvariousreasons.Oneday,hesecretlytookatriparoundhislandtofindoutwhatmadehiscountrymenfeel3.However,hecouldnotseeanyunhappypeopleandthisgavehimgreat4.Hedecidedto5ahugeboulder（巨石）inthemiddleoftheroadtotestthepeoplewhopassedby.6hissoldiershadplacedahugeboulderintheroad,theyallhidinanearbyplaceto7whatwouldhappennext.Theboulderalmostcoveredhalfoftheroadandmanywealthypeoplesimplywalkedaroundtheboulder.Nobodyreallyseemedtocareabouttheboulder8themovementsofvehicles.Theking’scourtmenalsosawtheboulderbutdid9tomoveitaway.Instead,theybad-mouthedthe10fornotmaintainingtheroadproperly.Thesewerethepeoplewhomtheking11tobeloyal!Thekingwasshockedto12theirwords.Afruitsellerwalkedalongtheroadwithhisfruit.Whenhesawthehugeboulder,he13andtriedtomovethestone.Aftersome14,thefruitsellerremovedtheobstacle（障碍物）fromtheroad15.Hesawahugebagplacedundertheboulder.Hepickedupandwasextremely16.Thebaghadanoteonit,saying,“Hereisa17foryou!Thebaghas1000goldcoinsinsideandtheyarefortheonewho18thisobstacle!”Thefruitsellerwassohappyandhewasalso19bythekingtoapartywherehewasrewardednicely.Everyobstaclewefaceinourlifeisa(n)20!1、A．satisfy B．express C．record D．understand2、A．remembered B．thanked C．blamed D．forgave3、A．excited B．respected C．bored D．displeased4、A．advice B．relief C．power D．pressure5、A．fix B．hang C．hide D．place6、A．Before B．Since C．After D．Unless7、A．consider B．guess C．watch D．ask8、A．disturbing B．controlling C．directing D．changing9、A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything10、A．king B．soldiers C．official D．passers-by11、A．knew B．proved C．announced D．believed12、A．repeat B．hear C．write D．read13、A．left B．smiled C．stopped D．returned14、A．attempts B．tests C．research D．discussion15、A．easily B．naturally C．hopefully D．successfully16、A．nervous B．surprised C．angry D．frightened17、A．task B．gift C．list D．joke18、A．notices B．breaks C．removes D．covers19、A．challenged B．forced C．sent D．invited20、A．opportunity B．concern C．message D．possibilitySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Trees,someofthetallestintheworld,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseachmorningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupasetofexperimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:termites(白蚁).Termitesgetabumrap.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU.S.Andtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhugepopulationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbonrichmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearsthatintropical(热带的)forests,termiteschewupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrientsfromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidn’tknowexactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfromaparticularspotintheforestandsawhowitresponded.Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyanextremedrought(干旱).Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasn’tmuchdifferencebetweenthenormalplotsandtheoneswherethey’dremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfoundwasunexpected:inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted(抽芽),andthesystemwasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryspell.ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportanceoftermitestothesystem,shepointsout.“Andthatringsalarmbellsinmyhead,”shesays,“becauseitmakesmethink,wellwhatelsedon’tweknow?Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon’tknowwhatthatwilldo.”1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“abumrap”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Unfairblame. B．Widepopularity.C．Publicattention. D．Specialpreference.2、Whathavescientistslearnedabouttermites?A．Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.B．Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.C．Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.D．Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.3、WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffithsexperiment?A．Termiteshelprainforestssurviveclimatechange.B．Termitespreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.C．Termitesbenefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.D．Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.4、WhatdoesGriffithstellusinthelastparagraph?A．Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.B．Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.C．Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspecies.D．Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.Text2Amyotrophiclateralsclerosis,morecommonlyknownasALS,affectsthenervecellsinthebrainandspinalcord(脊髓)thatmakethemusclesofboththeupperandlowerbodywork.Thosenervecellslosetheirabilitytocontrolmusclemovement,whichleadstoparalysis(瘫痪)anddeath.ItsmostfamoussuffererwasfamedphysicistStephenHawking,whodiedonMarch14,2018attheageof76.Hawking,diagnosedwiththeconditionin1963,livedwithitformorethan50years—aremarkablylongtimeforanALSsufferer.Thediseaselefthimparalyzedandcompletelydependentonothersandtechnologyforeverything:bathing,dressing,eating,mobilityandspeech.Hewasabletomoveonlyafewfingersononehand.“Itrytoleadasnormalalifeaspossible,andnotthinkaboutmycondition,orregretthethingsitpreventsmefromdoing,whicharenotthatmany,”hewroteonhiswebsite.“Ihavebeenluckythatmyconditionhasprogressedmoreslowlythanisoftenthecase.Butitshowsthatoneneednotlosehope.”Hawking’slife,includinghisbattlewithALS,wasmadeintoa2014biopic,TheTheoryofEverything,starringEddieRedmayne.TheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaysthat20,000to30,000peoplehaveALSintheUnitedStates,withabout5,000newcasesdiagnosedeveryyear.Peopleusuallyfindoutthattheyhaveitbetween55and75yearsofage.Onaverage,patientslivetwotofiveyearsaftersymptomsdevelop.Forreasonsnotyetunderstood,militaryveteransaretwiceaslikelytobediagnosedwithALSasthegeneralpublic,accordingtotheALSAssociation.ScientistshavebeenstudyingmanyfactorsthatcouldbelinkedwithALS,suchasheredity(遗传)andenvironmentalexposures.1、Accordingtothetext,ALS.A．islinkedwithclimatechangesB．leadstodeathinoneortwoyearsC．affectsthenervecellsalloverthebodyD．makespeoplelosecontrolofmusclemovement2、FromthetextwecaninferthatHawking.A．diedofanunknowndiseaseB．livedwithALSfor55yearsC．feltdesperateinhislastyearsD．wasparalyzedduetopoortreatment3、WhatisthesituationofALSintheUS?A．Over30,000peoplesufferfromALS.B．ALSisusuallyfoundamongtheelderlypeople.C．PatientsoftenenjoyalonglifespandespiteALS.D．Moreandmorenewcasesarereportedeveryyear.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThesymptomsandpossiblecuresofALS.B．AbiographicalfilmaboutStephenHawking.C．AgeneralintroductionofthediseaseofALS.D．Lifeofthefamousphysicist,StephenHawking.Text3Gorillas(大猩猩)areontheedgeofextinction.TheyarecallingonYOUtodonateyourphonetoday!YoucannowhelpsavegorillasinAfricasimplybydonatingyourmobilephone!Coltanisametallicore(金属矿石)thatisminedbothinandoutofAfricaandcanbefoundwithinmanyelectronicdevicessuchasmobilephones.TheminingofcoltanwithintheCongoRiverBasiniscontributingtoforestlossthere,andisspeedingupthelossofmountaingorillasatashockinglyfastrate.Whileeffortsarebeingmadetodealwiththisissue,theminingofcoltanwithingorillahabitatcontinues.ItisverydifficulttoknowwhichphonescontaincoltanminedfromAfrica;however,everyphonecanhelpsavegorillaswhendonatedtoThey’reCallingonYou.BydonatingyourphonethroughtheThey’reCallingYoumobilephonerecyclingprogramyouare:●Preventingyourphonefromgoingtothelandfill.●HelpingMelbourneZooraisemoneytosupporttheJaneGoodallInstitutesmonkeyconservationworkinAfricathroughthesaleofrefurbished(翻新)phones.●Lesseningthedemandforcoltanmining.TosupporttheThey’reCallingYoumobilephonerecyclingprogramyoucan:1.VisitMelbourneZootocollectapostagepaidrecyclingbag,andpostyourmobilephonetotheAussieRecyclingProgram.Yourphonewillberesoldtopoorcommunitygroups.2.Registeryoursupportsimplybyemailingtheregistrationformtozvfoundation@.auorfaxitto(03)9285-9377.Schoolscangetinvolvedtoo!PleasecontactKateMcCabeatMelbourneZoobyemailorphone(03)9285-9471Discussaddingthisprogramtoyourcoursewhileinspiringstudentstotakeactionforwildlife.Forfurtherinformationpleasecontact:RachelLowryPh:(03)9285-9377Mob:0488-504-490Fax:(03)9285-9340Nexttimeyourmobilerings,letthatbeareminderthat“they’recallingonyou”!1、Whydoyousavegorillasbydonatingyourphones?A．Gorillaswon’tbetroubledbytheringingofcellphones.B．Africanswillprotectgorillaseasilybyusingphones.C．Africanswon’tkillgorillastoexchangeforphones.D．Gorillas’habitatwon’tbedestroyedduetolesscoltanmining.2、Thephonesyoudonatewill____.A．bebeautifiedandsoldagainB．betakenapartfortheircoltanC．begiventothepoorAfricansD．bepresentedtopoorcommunitygroups.3、Theunderlinedsentenceinthepassageprobablymeans___.A．youareexpectedtodonatephonesforwildlifeB．youareremindedtocallbackimmediatelyC．youcarecalledbackbytherecyclingprogramD．youshouldfeelguiltyaboutusingthemobilephoneText4Withchildbehavior,thereisalmostmuchmorethanitmeetstheeye.Becauseitoccursatsomanydifferentlevels,childbehaviorthatseemssimpleatonelevelcanoftenbemuchmorecomplexandmeaningfulatanother.Forinstance,alittlechild’spatternofgettingintocupboards,drawersandclosedrooms,evenafterbeingtoldnotto,iseasilyconsideredasbadbehavior.Whenviewedatthatlevel,thepatternisunacceptableandcouldleadtopunishment.Butitcanbeviewedatamorecomplexandmeaningfullevel,namelychildexploration.Ifachildregularlyexperiencesanangryparentwhoseemsdeterminedtopreventanyexploratoryactivities,thechildwilldecidetocontinuetoachievefuturediscoveries.Whenparentsviewthisbehaviorasbornoutofnaturalcuriosityratherthansimpleopposition,theyaremorelikelytoacceptandappropriatelymonitorit.Althoughitmayleadtowarningresponsestoensurethechild’ssafety,itislesslikelytoleadtopunishment.Therearecountlessotherexamples.Holdingagoldfishoutsideitsbowlisfoolishatonelevelbutalsocanbeseenasayoungchild’sattempttoexpressphysicalaffectionforapet.Spendingtimewithfriendsratherthanfamilyisselfishatonelevelbutalsoindicatesateen’sneedforindependence.Thepointhereisthatchildbehaviorisoftenexhibitedinsimpleformsthatcanappeartobeoppositional,selfishorgenerallyunacceptableifviewedonlyatthatbasiclevel.However,whenviewedatamoremeaningfullevel,thesameapparentlysimplebehaviorcanbeseenassomethinglargerandpotentiallymoreadaptive.Thisdoesn’tmeanthebehaviorshouldbeignored,especiallyifitisinappropriate.Butlookingatthebiggerpictureofachild’sbehavior,adultsmightgainafullerunderstandingofwhatthey’redealingwith,whichcancreatemoreflexibilityinhowtheyrespond.1、AccordingtoParagraph1,wecanknowthatchildbehavior________.A．isverychangeable B．isinacceptableC．occursatdifferentlevels D．isfullyunderstoodbyadults2、TheexampleinParagraph2mainlyshowsthat________.A．parentsshouldproperlypunishchildbehaviorB．parentsshouldkeepchildren’ssafetyinmindC．children’sbehaviorshowstheirinterestsD．therearedifferentattitudestochildbehavior3、WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Thechildwillinsistondoingthingswithdetermination.B．Thechildwillhavetomakefrequentdecisions.C．Thechildwillmakenewdiscoveriesinthefuture.D．Thechildwilldevelopastrongsenseofachievement.4、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that________.A．childbehaviorusuallyreflectsachild’sneedB．whatachilddoescanmeandifferentlywhenseenfromdifferentaspectsC．childrentendtodosomethingtoshowtheirdependencetotheirparentsD．childrenspendingtimewithfriendsshowtheirselfishness5、Whatdoesthewritersuggestparentsshoulddowithachild’sbehavior?A．Haveapositiveattitudetowardsit.B．Ignoretheimproperbehavior.C．Viewitatthebasiclevel.D．Watchoveritfromheadtofoot.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Therearevariouskindsofthemeparks,1．adifferentparkforalmosteverythingDisneyLandcan2．(find)inseveralpartsoftheworldItwillbringyouintoamagicalworldandmakeyourdreamscometrue,3．youaretravellingthroughspace,4．(visit)apirateshipormeetingyourfavouritefairytaleDollywoodis5．ofthemostuniquethemeparksintheworldAlthoughDollywoodhas6．(ride),thepark’smainattractionis7．cultureEngland’sCamelotParkisathemepark8．youcanexperiencetheancientclaysandgreatdeedsofEnglishknightsandladiesEveryareaoftheparkismodeled9．lifeinthedaysofKingArthurSowhicheverand10．(what)youlike,thereisathemeparkforyouItwasahot,sunnydayinanationalforest1．(unfortunate),mybestfriend,Ned,andIgotlost2．werealizedthatwewereseparatedfromourgroup,weimmediatelytriedtofindasafeplacetosetupourbaseWefoundasmallareanexttoastreamThenwestartedafirewithsomeleavesandsticks3．(collect)nearbyWhileIwaswatchingoverthefire,Nedbroughtmoreplants,4．wereputinthewaterandthenslowlythrownintothefireThewetleavescreatedalotofsmokeThenwestartedtowritesomeshortnotes5．(say),“WEARELOST!Ifyoufindthismessage,youwillfindusupstreamWearekeepingupasmokyfirePleasefindus!”Theyweremadeintopaperboatsandsentdownstream,oneeveryfiveminutesWehopedthattheseboatswoulddrawsomebody’sattentionSupposingourgroupwaswell6．theirway,wewantedtobereadyfor7．(they)NedandIstartedtolookfortwohollowlogs（空心圆木）andafewstrong8．(stick)OursmallfirestillproducedplentyofsmokeSoonwewereveryluckytohearwhistles（哨子声）farinthe9．(distant)IwassureitmusthavebeenthesmokethatworkedNowitwastimetostartdrummingonthehollowlogsWeenjoyedthispartbecausewegottosingandshoutalongwiththebeat（打击声）Soonwe10．(find)byourgroupandweheadedbacktoourcampwithanexcitingstorytotellSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Although

people

value

intelligence-understanding,

reasoning,

the

ability

to

learn-they

also

respect

wisdom,

or

the

knowledge

and

experience

that

we

gain

over

a

lifetime.In

some

ways,

wisdom

is

like

beauty:

we

value

it,

we

desire

it,

we

know

it

when

we

see

it,

but

it

is

nearly

impossible

to

pin

down

such

a

quality.1、1.Working

at

being

socialStudies

show

that

people

who

stay

connected

to

others

show

higher

levels

of

wisdom

than

those

who

remainalone.2、

Next

time

you're

at

a

party

or

gathering,

single

out

someone

who's

standing

alone

and

strike

up

a

conversation.2.3、

Wisdom

involves

being

able

to

understand

all

sides

of

an

issue

without

letting

emotions

or

personal

feelings

get

in

the

way.

Openingyourmindmeans

realizing

that

everyone

has

a

life

story

that

influences

their

actions.

During

the

course

of

every

day,

make

a

note

of

the

issues

that

bother

you,

and

take

a

moment

to

see

them

from

the

other

side.3.Learn

how

to

say,

"I

could

be

wrong".A

wise

person

understands

that

it

is

impossible

to

know

everything

and

that

life

is

capable

of

taking

unexpected

turns.4、

Admitting

that

there

are

times

when

you

could

be

mistaken

will

go

a

long

way

in

solidifying

yourfame.4.Reading

the

news5、

Ifyoudon’talreadyreadadailypaperornewsonline,startbygoingthroughasinglefrontarticlefromamajorrespectednewssource.Almosteveryonehasthepotentialtobecomewiser,particularlyifyoustrengthenthesehabits.A．Practice

being

open-Minded.B．Sharinggoodnewswithyourfriends.C．But

researchers

have

tried-and

here's

what

they've

found.D．Recognizing

your

errors

can

lead

only

to

greater

wisdom,E.Make

an

effort

to

join

a

new

club,

or

invite

an

old

friend

for

coffee.F.Youdonothavetoadmityourmistakesifyouarereallyunwillingto.G.You

cannot

make

balanced

choices

unless

you

understand

world

circumstances.Theworldwhereweliveisacolorfullandscapeofdifferentlanguages,skincolors,anddifferentcultures.1、.Awaytodevelopthisappreciationistotrytolearnaboutotherculturesar