人教版八下英语1-6单元讲义

八年级英语下册知识点精讲、练（unit1-6）崔老师关于学生如何学好英语的几点建议：保持对英语的浓厚兴趣，因为兴趣是最好的老师。在学习过程中善于总结并践行适合自己的学习方法。英语听、说、读、写四大技能齐头并进方可逐渐领会该语言的灵魂与美感。初中生书写能力的提高从记忆单词开始，如下几种方法可供借鉴：由音及形法（根据读音是记单词）、分类法（分门别类识记）、联想法（由一个单词联想起众多形似、音近的单词）多种感官参与到英语学习中，加深记忆。多听多说，提高听说能力。坚持用英语写日记，持之以恒的将所学英语运用于生活之中。2016年三月份整理Unit1What’sthematter?一、基础知识1.What’sthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/'mætə(r))/n.问题；事情What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？【注】：matter和trouble为名词，其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容词，意为太，toomuch+名词，意为很多，大量。5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足够好，enoughmoney=muchmoney6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7.maybe“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名词代词和从句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交车）geton上车11.agree同意，赞同；agreewithsth.同意某事如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如：IagreetoLiLei.12.trouble问题，麻烦；beintrouble遇到麻烦，maketrouble制造麻烦，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做有麻烦。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为马上。14.advice[不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议；advise[动词]advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisesb.doingsth.【复习】exercise练习、锻炼当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词即可加s当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词即不加s16.hurt及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物动词，……（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean【动词】打扫，cleantheclassroom打扫教室，【形容词】干净的，cleaner意为清洁工。18.hit（用手或器具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19.beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；Hisgrandpaisusedtolivinginthecountry/thecountrylife.beusedtodo被用来（做），表被动关系。Thewoodisusedtomakedesks.Usedtodosth：曾经，过去常常（暗含现在已经不）Heusedtogetupearly.20.【复习】free[形容词]空闲的freetime；免费的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险23.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的decision【名词】决定；抉择；makeadecision做决定;makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.。25.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中26.【复习】mind意为介意，minddoingsth.介意做某事,Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?27.giveup(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames；giveup后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如:Nevergiveupeasily.二、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Mariaboughtherselfascarf.Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisn’tquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。如：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短语当中。lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买……东西introduceoneself介绍……自己

【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’sown.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks一、基本知识点1.sick生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定语asickchild【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheer(sb.)up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.3.giveout分发；散发，相当于handout，Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.意为把某物分发给某人。4.volunteer【名词】志愿者【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteertodosth.自愿做某事，Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.5.usedtodosth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。Thereusedtobeacinemahere.这里曾有一个照相机。Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。6.alone【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.lonely（感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.7.careforsb./sth.照顾；照料……care【名词】小心，关心takecareof=lookafter→【动词】careaboutsb./sth.关心，在意某人/事→【形容词】careful仔细的/careless粗心的→【副词】carefully仔细地8.such“这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词：suchagoodday多么美好的一天/suchanexcitingmatch多么精彩的比赛such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：suchimportantdecisions多么重要的建议suchdeliciousfood多么美味的食物如果名词前被many,much,few,little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletime9.tryoutfor…参加…选拔，争取成为…ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.tryout试用，试验10.journey【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程；trip【名词】多指短途旅行；travel【名词、动词】travelaroundtheworld→【名词】traveler旅行者11.【复习】bebusywithsth.忙于（做）什么事情bebusydoingsth.忙于（做）什么事情12.【复习】trydoingsth.试着去做某事trytodosth.尽力去做某事tryone’sbest(todosth.)尽某人最大的努力去做某事13.【复习】beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.担心某人、某事14.raisemoney集资，筹钱；raisemoneyfor…为……筹钱raise【动词】举起；提高；募集15.keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的；在句中做定语和表语。17.makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成为可能，YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.makeit+形容词(+forsb.)todosth.使（某人）做某事成为…；think/findit+形容词todosth.18.makeadifferenceto…对……有影响；对……有作用，difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修饰，如Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.19.difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数；havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难20.train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”atraineddog21.beexcitedaboutsth.对某事感到兴奋，Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.【复习】excited意为兴奋的，修饰人；exciting意为令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。22.order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）followtheorder。23.change【动词】变化，改变It’shardforapersontochangehislife(style).【名词】变化；零钱changeAforB用A换成B：WhenyoutravelinChina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRMB.24.repair【动词】修理，修补；fix【动词】安装；使固定【fixup修理=repair】Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一、基础知识sectionA1.Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Couldyoupleasedosth?请你（做）好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出（v+adv）【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentisttakethemout.【短语】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生takeoff脱下；起飞3.Canyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？dothedishes洗碗【结构1】dothe+名词：dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【结构2】dothe+动词-ingdothecleaning打扫卫生【结构3】doone’s+名词doone’shousework/homework做家务/家庭作业【结构4】dosome+动词-ingdosomereading/shopping读写书/购物4.CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?2】atleast至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至少，不超过Nowallofusexerciseatleastanhouradayandoutsideschool.3】finishv结束；完成finishdoingsth做完某事—Canyoufinish__reading__thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。1】twohoursofTV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。adjHowtimeisflies!Threeyears__is_____(be)reallyashorttime.adj足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）adv【解析2】enoughadv足够地；充分地（放在形容词；副词后）Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【记】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。6、Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？拿；取【解析】takeout拿出；取出take的用法：拿；取 Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.吃；喝；服用吃；喝；服用 Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.乘（车；船等）take 乘（车；船等）Theyusuallytakethebustowork.花费（时间；金钱）Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.花费（时间；金钱）【拓展】take构成的短语： takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顾takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢来takeone’stemperature量体温7.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】theminute=assoonas“一就”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontofinfrontof指在物体外部的前面infrontofThereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.inthefrontof【辨析】inthefrontof指在物体内部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【记】Thedriversat_____inthefrontof___________thecar.Thepolicemanstood___infrontof________thecar.【注意】有the无the区别大：attable吃饭；进餐inhospital住院atthetabel在桌边inthehospital在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】comeover过来【拓展】come短语：comeacross（偶然）发现comeback回来comeupwith想出cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comealong走吧,过来,快点comeandgo来来去去comeup上来comeout出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来8.YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！allthetime=always一直；总是9.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一样累！【解析】as...as...和一样10.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不”⑴neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表达“…也不……”则用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”—Thefirstonewasn’tbad.—Neitherwasthesecond.11.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find→found→foundv寻找(1)findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难Shefound_it__hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.12.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】insurprise惊奇地；吃惊地surprisev使吃惊→surprisingadj.令人吃惊的→surprisedadj.吃惊的toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊Tomysurprise_(使我吃惊的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.13.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。”我回答说。【解析1】needv需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1)人做主语，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone①Studentsneed___tohave_______(have)agoodrestinstudying.②Thewatchneeds__mending___(mend).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn’t=don’thaveto没有必要(2)need,must引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t—MustIgotherenow?—Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’t【解析2】share分享；共用sharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.与某人分享某物(Allhisfriends__Shared___hishappinesswhenhewonthematch.14.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hangout闲逛hangup把悬挂/挂起15.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass⑴v给；递；走过；通过passsb.sth把某物递给某Passon传递Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通过；路过Ipassyourhome.⑶v通过（考试）；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.16.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本书看吗、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow借入,与from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.从某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,与to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借给某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】Iwantto__borrow__abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn’t_lend___ittome,becauseTomhad_kept____itfortwodays.17.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】try(not)todosth努力（不）做某事。tryv试图，设法，努力【拓展】(1)tryon试穿(2)trytodosth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】(3)trydoingsth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4)tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事18.Ihatetodochores.我讨厌做家务。hatetodosth讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.19.CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor请求，要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人询问关于某事(1)asksb.forhelp向某人请求帮助(2)asksb.(not)todosth请求某人做某事ask构成的短语：短语含义asksb.todosth请某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不让某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp寻求帮助20.I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。【解析1】finishdoingsth完成某事—Canyoufinish_reading__thesebooksbefore10o’clock?—Yes,Ican.【解析2】whileconj.“在……期间；当……的时候”While引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。_While__thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上帮助某人。【注】helpv帮助→helpfuladj.有帮助的(1)helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事(2)withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的帮助之下(3)withoutthehelpof没有在…的帮助之下①Ithinkreadingisvery__helpful____(help).②__Without____yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.sectionB.1.CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀请某人去某地【解析】invitev→invitationn邀请(1)invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地点邀请某人去某地2.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。【解析】makesb.dosth让某人做某事make→made→madev.做，制作，使得(1)makesb/sth+形容词“让某人或某物…”makeyouhappy(2)makesb/sthdosth使某人做某事makemelaugh.Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus_feel__happyorsad,energeticorsleep.3.Theydon’thavetimetostudyanddohousework，too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。【解析】havetimetodosth.有时间做某事havetime=befree有空4.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【解析】awasteof浪费awasteoftime浪费时间awasteofmoney浪费金钱wastev“浪费”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花费时间/金钱Don’twastewater.Can’tyouseethesign“savewater”?5.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析1】spend...onsth在某事上花费spend/pay/cost/take花费(1)spend→spent→spentv花费,主语是人◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+onsth◆sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doingsth◆spendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.Myfather__spent___onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.(2)pay→paid→paidv支付，主语是人◆sb.+pay+钱+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.—Howmuchdidyou__pay__forthiscomputer?—Fivehundreddollars.(3)cost→cost→costv花费，主语是某物或某事◆sthcostsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It___cost_me120yuan.(4)take→took→takenv花费◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是；为了”后接动词原形。inordertodosth为了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot__tobe___lateforthemeeting.【解析3】getinto=enter进入【拓展】与get相关的短语：getup起床getback返回getover克服getdressed穿衣getinto进入get/belost丢失getoff/on下/上车getonwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getoutof从…出来getwarm变暧getreadyfor+n.为…做准备getreadytodosth.准备做某事getwell康复getachance有机会、得到机会get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡相关：(beasleep睡着)6.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。【解析】getolder长大get/become/go辨析：=1\*GB2⑴get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.=2\*GB2⑵become强调变化的结果It'sbecomingcolderandcolder.=3\*GB2⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情gobad变坏，goblind变瞎，gohungry挨饿7.Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。【解析】providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.(sb前介词用for)=providesthforsb.(sth前需加介词with)供应某人某物相当于：offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.provide为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.对某人提供某物offertodosth主动提出干某事supply定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物①TheInternetprovidesus_with__alotof_information___weneed.②—Couldyoupleaseprovideus_with___someinformationaboutthestudents’health?—Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.8.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。【解析】anyway无论如何,(一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）9.Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。【解析】Itisimportantforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事是重要的10.Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。【解析】dependon依靠；信赖——Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?——Well,itall___dependson____theweather.11....Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。【解析1】doone’spart尽职责；尽本分Doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上尽职责【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj.“使处于某种状态”Hermotheraskedhertokeepthewindows__open__andthedoor__closed__.keep系动词“保持”keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.实义动词“保持；继续”keep(on)doingsth继续做某事HewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworkingHekepton__talking__aftertheballrangforclass.(2)keepsb.Doingsth让某人一直做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Myteacherkeptme__doing___homeworkalltheafternoon.12.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。【解析】developindependence培养独立意识developv→developmentn发展→developingadj.发展的→developedadj.发达的adevelopingcountry一个发展中国家adevelopedcountry一个发达国家Chinaisa__developing___country.13.Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。【解析】sinceconj.既然(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）.—YouhavebeeninNeijiangverylong?—Yeah.__Since___myparentscamehere.14.Ourneighbor’ssongotintoagoodcollegebutduringhisfirstyear,hehadnideahowtotakecareofhimself.我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。takecareof照顾Thanksforyourinvitation,butI’msosorryIcan’tgo.Ineedto___takecareof___mybabyathome.【拓展】与take相关的短语：takephotos/pictures照像takeaway拿走takeout取出(workout算出)takecare当心takeawalk散步takemedicine服药takeplace发生takeone’stemperature量体温takeone’stime别着急15.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。【解析1】asaresult结果（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）Don’taskhimtoolateintothenight,__Asaresult___,heisonlyasmallchild.【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡16.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。【解析】the+比较级，the+比较级“越越”Themoreyousmile,thehappieryouwillfeel.Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?一、基础知识sectionA1.Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？【解析】Whydon'tyoudosth?=Whynotdosth?为什么不呢？【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：(1)Whataboutdoingsth?=Howaboutdoingsth?….怎么样？(2)Whydon’tyoudosth?=Whynotdosth?为什么不呢？(3)Let’sdosth.让我们一起做某事吧。(4)Shallwe/Idosth?我们做…好吗？(5)hadbetterdo/notdosth最好做/不做某事(6)Will/Wouldyoupleasedosth请你做…好吗？(7)Wouldyouliketodosth?你想去做某事吗？(8)Wouldyouminddoingsth？你介意做某事吗？IhavetostudytoomuchsoIdon’tgetenoughsleep.我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。2.【解析1】(1)toomany+复数名词许多toomanypeople(2)toomuch+不可数名词许多toomuchhomework(3)muchtoo+形容词太…muchtoocold【2013山东德州1】—What’sthematter?—Ihaveastomachache.MaybeIhaveeaten___tonight.A.toomuchB.toomanyC.muchtoo【解析2】soconj.因此(表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用）【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴1】18.Theshopswereclosed_______Ididn'tgetanymilk.A.soB.asC.or D.butMyparentsdon’tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。3.【解析】allowsb.todosth允许某人做某事【拓展】allowv允许allowdoingsth允许做某事Theydon’tallowsmoking.allowsb.todosth允许某人做某事MymotherallowsmetowatchTV.beallowedtodosth被允许做某事4.What’swrong?怎么啦？【解析】What’swrong(withsb./sth)（某人/物）怎么了？【2013四川南充】—Mum,I’mnotfeelingwell.—Oh,dear!_____.A.What’swrongB.NotatallC.Allright.5.I’mreallytriedbecauseIstudieduntilmidnightlastnight.我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。【解析】until直到时【2013山东临沂2】23.Pleaseholdontoyourdream_____onedayitcomestrue.A.if B.until C.unless D.though【2013山东青岛3】13.Ifyouhavetroublepronouncingthesewords,youcanrepeatthemoverandoveragain______youarecomfortablewiththem.A.unless B.if C.until D.while【2013浙江丽水3】18.—Hey,man.Youcan’tcrossthestreetnow.Youhavetowait_____thetrafficturngreen.—Oh,sorryandthankyou.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.while6.Whydon’tyougotosleepearlierthisevening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？【解析】gotosleep去睡觉(强调“入睡，睡着”这一动作）7.Youlooksad,Kim.金，你看起来很伤心。【解析】look看起来（系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）【2012江苏苏州3】Someoffriendseatwiththeireyes.Theypreferto(更喜欢）what____nice.A.feelsB.smellsC.looksD.tastes【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj.作表语一是：（be）am/is/arebequiet=keepquiet保持安静二保持：stay/keep（表示持续状态）stayhealthy=keephealthy保持健康三变化：become/get/turn（表示状态变化）五--起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感觉）()Jackusuallygets______whenhespeaksinpublic.A.happilyB.excitingC.worriedD.tired()Tom’sfatherlooksvery_____.Butheisverykind.A.seriouslyB.seriousC.friendly8.You____callhimup.你____给他打电话。【解析】callup(v+adv)callon拜访；号召IcallupmyparentseverySunday.9.Well,Ifoundmysisterlookingthroughmythingsyesterday.哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。【解析1】findsb.doingsth发现某人正在做某事Mr.WangfoundLiDongreadingastorybookintheclass.类似动词：hear，watch,see,feel【贵州安顺】WhenIwentintotheroom,Ifound___inbed.A.himlyingB.helyingC.heliesD.himwaslying【解析2】lookthrough浏览【拓展】与look相关的短语：lookfor寻找lookafter=takecareof照顾looklike看起来像..lookthesame看起来一样lookover仔细检查lookaround环顾lookout当心lookup查阅lookforwardto盼望10.Yes,butI’mstillangrywithher.是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。【解析】beangrywithsb.生某人的气【拓展】angryadj.生气的→angrilyadv.生气地(1)beangrywithsb.=bemadatsb.对某人生气【with后接人】(2)beangryat/aboutsth对某事感到生气【at后接事】(3)beangrytodosth做某事感到生气11.Althoughshe’swrong,It’snotabigdeal.尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。【解析1】although=though尽管,用来引导让步状语从句。【注】though/although不能与but连用【2012曲靖中考】____myfatherisn’tpleasedwithhisworkingenvironment,hestillworkshard.A.AndB.AlthoughC.ButD.Before【2013福建福州3】41.—TheboycanspeakbothEnglishandJapanese_________heisonlyten.—Wow,whatacleverboy!A.ifB.becauseC.although【2013浙江3】32.—Look!Somepeoplearerunningtheredlights.—Weshouldwait_______othersarebreakingtherule.A.ifB.unlessC.althoughD.because【拓展】although/however辨析⑴althoughconj，“虽然；即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。Althoughheisveryold,yetheisquitestrong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。⑵howeveradv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词的作用，一般用逗号与句子分开，可以放在句首或句中，意为“然而，尽管如此”。It’sraininghard,However,Ithinkweshouldgoout.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。【解析2】It’snotabigdeal.没什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语中）12.Youleftyourhomeworkathome.你把作业忘在家里了。【解析】leavev遗忘，留下leavesth.somewhere把某物忘在某地leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下【2012山东济宁】22.—Sorry,Mr.Green.Ihave____myhomeworkathome.—Nevermind.Butdon'tforgernexttime.A.putB.keptC.leftD.remained13.Hopethingsworkout.希望事情顺利解决。【解析1】hopev希望hopetodosthIhopetovisitGuilin.hope+that从句（表示希望）Ihopethatyou’llbebettersoonwishv希望wishtodosthIwishtovisitGuilin.wishsb.todosth希望某人做某事Iwishyoutogo.wish+that从句表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气IwishIwereyou.【解析2】workout解决；成功地发展，后跟fine,well,badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。计算出（答案、数量、价格等）计算出（答案、数量、价格等）Themathproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout制定出（计划等）制定出（计划等）Ihaveworkedoutanewwayofdoingit.workout解决；找出解决；找出…的答案Thegovernmenthasmanyproblemstoworkout.【2013四川遂宁3】30.Theteachersencouragetheirstudentsto____theproblemsbythemselves,andinthiswaystudentscanenjoysuccess.A.giveupB.workoutC.lookthrough14.MyproblemisIcan’tgetonwithmyfavorite.我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。【解析】getonwithsb.和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好=getalongwithgetonwell/badlywith相处的好/坏【2013山西1】26.AstudentinFudanUniversitywaskilledbyhisroommatejustbecauseofsmallthingsindailylife.Itisimportantforstudentstolearnhowto________eachother. A.getonwith B.comeoverto C.stayawayfrom【2013湖北十堰】32.—Whatkindofpersonsdoyouprefertomakefriendswith?—Ichoosemyfriendsontheircharactersandhowwe__________. A.getin B.getup C.geton