仁爱版英语八年级第一单元知识点小结

Unit1Topic1Areyougoingtoplaybasketball?本课重点的语法：{一般将来时态}▼begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。表示预备，打算做某事用法：begoingto+V原形例句：Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Iamgoingtoplaybasketball.重点短语：seesbdosth观察某人做了某事〔强调观察动作的全过程〕seesbdoingsth观察某人正在做某事〔强调观察动作正在进展的一局部〕例句IoftenseeTomplaybasketballontheplayground.我常常观察汤姆在操场上打篮球IsawTomplayingbasketballontheplaygroundyesterday.我昨天观察汤姆正在操场上打篮球。类似的词还有：hear，watch，almost副词adv.意为“几乎，差不多”用法：放在be动词前，动词之后。例句：Supperismostready.晚饭就要好了。Imostfelloffmybike.我几乎从自行车上摔下来。cheersb.on为某人喝彩例句：Icheerhimon.我为他喝彩。against介词pre.对着，反对playagainst与„„抗衡/比赛例句：Weareagainstthewar.我们反对战斗。Weplayagainsttheredteam.我们与红队比赛。prefer较宠爱，更宠爱；用法：prefer+Ving/名词/代词例句：Ipreferplayingbasketball.我更宠爱打篮球。Ipreferthewhitedog.我更宠爱这只白狗。Ipreferit.我更宠爱它。词组：prefer„„to宠爱„„不宠爱„„例句：HisbrotherprefersEnglishtomath.他的哥哥宠爱英语而不宠爱数学。Ipreferplaybasketballtoplayfootball.(留意此时是用原形)例句BothYaomingandYijianliaplaybasketballintheNB. 对〕BothYaomingandYijianlianplaysbasketballintheNBA.( )dreamof/about梦见◆留意of/about是介词，后面的动词要加ing例句：LastnightIdreamedofflyinginthesky.giveup+Ving/名词/代词 意为“放弃”例句：Hegivesupsmoking.Idon’tgiveupEnglish.Don’tgiveitup.◆留意代词放中间感慨句What+a+感情颜色的名词！例句：Whatapity!=Whatashame!多好玩啊！takepartin参与，参加 join参与，参加takepartin指参加竞赛或者活动 join一般指参加„„组织例句：Shetookpartinrunning.她参与跑步运动。Hejoinedthearmyin1995.1995年参军。spend+时间onsth/(in)doingsth花费时间在某事上/花费时间在做某事上例句：Hespentonehouronthebook.Hespenttwohours(in)doinghishomework.exercise作：动词，名词(不行数)，熬炼例句：Shedosemorningexerciseeveryday.作名词)Sheexerciseseveryday.〔作动词〕begoodat+doingsth/名词=dowellin 擅长做某事例句：IamgoodatEnglish.Heisgoodatplayingbaskerball.begoodfor对„„有益，有好处bebadfor 对„„有害，不好例句：Exerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.同类的词组还有：begoodtosb对某人好 bebadtosb对某人不好例句：TheEnglishteacherisgoodtous.keepfit=keephealthy保持安康health〔安康，名词〕healthy〔安康的，形容词〕healthily〔安康地，副词〕relax放松 词组：relaxoneself使自己放松例句：Stopandrelaxyourself.arrivein大地方arriveat+〔village小村庄„„〕getto+地点到达某地reach+地点 到达某地home,here,there,backarrive。excited感动的，兴奋的，用来修饰人exciting令人感动的，使人兴奋的，用来修饰物区分：Weareexcitedtohearthegoodnews.听到这个好消息我们很兴奋。Itisanexcitingstory.这是个令人兴奋的故事。类似的词还有：interested和interesting bored和boring tired和tiringleaveforsp.动身前往某地 leaveforShanghai动身前往上海leavesp.for.sp离开某地去某地leaveBeijingforShanghai离开北京去上海for+一段的时间Stayfortwoweeks.(两星期是一段的时间)allovertheworld全世界hopetodosth〔期望做什么〕hope+句子〔期望的事情，实现的可能性大〕wishsbsth〔期望某人某事〕wishsbtodosth〔期望某人干什么〕wish+句子〔期望的事情，实现的可能性小表虚拟语气〕Ihopetobecome/beateacher.Ihopehewillbecomeateacher.Iwishyougoodluck.Iwishhimtobecome/beateacher.IwishIwereabird.单项选择Sheprefers basketball.play B.toplayingC.playing D.plays— doyouplaysports?—Onceaweek.Howlong B.HowoftenC.Howmany D.Howmuch3. makesyourbodystrong.A.Runing B.RunningC.Torun D.Runner moresportsandyoucan nextyear.Do,behealth B.Doing,healthC.Do,behealthy D.Doing,healthyTheyare Beijingtomorrow.leavefor B.willleaveforC.leavingfor D.goingtoleavingforHewillbeback fourdays.after B.inC.from D.toLily＿thelongjump,andshejumpedveryfar.join B.joinedC.takespartin D.tookpartinCyclingcanmakeyourbody＿.strong B.stronglyC.bestrong D.tobestrongHewill Beijingtomorrowmorning,ifthetrainisn’tlate.reached B.get C.arriveat D.arriveinIamgoodat basketball.toplay B.play C.playing D.toplaying11.Ann mountainstomorrowmorning.A.isclimbing B.climb C.isgoingtoclimb D.climbsIsawTomoften withhisfatherduringthesummer.swims B.swam C. swim D.swimmingRunningisagoodway fit.keeps B.tokeep C.keeping D.keptHeprefers ontheweekend.A.goshoppingB.goingshopC.goingshopping D.togoshopping myfather motherarewokers.A.All;of B.Both;and C.Either;of D.Neither;norUnit1Topic2Wouldyoumindpassingmesomewater本课重点语法：1.Wouldyouminddoing„„？你介意„„吗？请你„„好吗？其否认形式为：Wouldyoumindnotdoing„„？Wouldyoumindif+从句？假设„„你介意吗？答复时可以用：用yesno答复例如：No,notatall./Certainlynot./Ofcoursenot.不介意，固然可以。Iamsorry,but对不起，但是„„Yes,you’dbetternot.是的，你最好不要。例句：Wouldyoumindopeningwindows？你介意翻开窗户吗？Wouldyoumindmyopeningwindows?你介意我翻开窗户吗？WouldyoumindifIopenwindows?假设我翻开窗户，你介意吗？Couldyouplease+V=Wouldyouplease+V原型？请你„„好吗？例句：Couldyoupleasegivemesomewater?请你给我些水好吗？—Sure./Ofcourse.好啊，固然可以。重点短语：dosb.afavor=helpsb.=givesb.ahand帮助某人girlsisoneofgirlsis例句：Oneofthefallill生病

mysister.这些女孩中的其中一个是我的妹妹.begladtodosth.情愿做某事例句：Iamgladtohelpyou.我很情愿帮助你。practice练习用法：practicesth/doingsth/代词例句：YoucanpracticespeakingEnglisheveryday.belate迟到 例句：Iamlate.He/Sheislate./Youarelate.belatefor做„„迟到例句：Iamlateforschool.我上学迟到了。manage治理，经营，处理用法: managesb./sth. 例句：Shemanagesthehotelwell.她把旅馆治理得井井有条。Managetodosth.设法做成某事例句：Shemanagestoclimbthemountain.她设法爬上这座山。need ①v.需要 ②情态动词时，无人称和数的变化，意为“必需”后面跟V原型用法：needtodosth.需要做某事 needsth.需要某物例句：Heneedssomehelp.〔做动词〕留意不要弄混淆Heneedfinishthehomework.他必需要完成家庭作业〔做情态动词〕doone’sbesttodosth.=tryone’sbesttodosth.努力去做某事例句：Iwilldo/trymybesttostudyEnglish.believesb.信任某人〔所说的话〕 believeinsb.信任某人例句：Ibelievehim,butIcannotbelieveinhim.我信任他的话，但是我不信任他。keepdoingsth.坚持做某事keepsb.doingsth.让某人始终做某事keepondoingsth.连续干某事beangrywithsb.生某人的气例句：Don’tbeangrywithothers.不要总是对别人生气。withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的帮助下例句：Withthehelpoftheteacher,hedidbetter.=Withteacher’shelp,hedidbetter.besure(that)+从句意为：确信besuretodosth.确信要做某事 besureaboutsth.对某事确信例句：Iamsurethatyoucandowellinthemiddleexam.Iamsuretofinishthetask.Iamnotsureabouttheanswer.turndown把„„调小 turnup把„„调大 turnon/off翻开/关闭hearsb.dosth听见某人做某事 hearsb.doingsth听见某人正在做某事beimportanttosb.对某人是重要的busy adj.劳碌的用法：bebusywithsth. bebusydoingsth.enjoydoingsth.宠爱做某事例句：Hejoinsreadingverymuch.他格外宠爱读书。haveahistoryof+时间段 表示有多长的历史例句：Chinahasahistoryofmorethan5000years.a15-year-oldgirl15岁的女孩〔留意year没有加S〕系动词有get,turn,make,sound,这些系动词的后面跟形容词gettired/hungry感到疲乏/变饿 turngreen变绿makestrong变的强壮 soundinteresting听起来很好玩insteadof代替„„例句：Let’sstayathomewatchingTVinsteadofgoingtothemovie.havefun=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得快活，玩得开心havegreatfundoingsth.格外欢快的做某事相关联系，单项选择WouldyoumindifIshut(关)thedoor?Yes,please. B.Ok.Doasyoulike C.That’sallright. D.Ofcoursenot.Doplease.Doyoumind upthemusic?toturn B.turning C.turn Dtoturning3.LearningEnglishwellisimportant you.A.for B.to C.of D.with4.Wouldyoumindif mybikehere?A.Iput B.Iputting C.meput D.myputtingYourMP4isnice.Wheredidyoubuy ?Iwanttobuy .Aone,one Bit,it Cit,one D.one,itAnnisonly girl,butshecanspeakEnglishwell.8—years---old B.a8—yearsold C．an8—year---old D.8yearsoldLiPingdidnotgoshopping.Hewentskating .ofinstead Binsteadof Cinstead DtaketheplaceDoyoumind thewindow?Iclose B.Iclosing C.me close D.my closingIwanttobeabasketballplayer.SoIenjoy basketballeveryday.practicetoplay B.playthe C.practicingplaying DplayingtheCouldyouplease mearound? Sure.to follow B.follow C.following Dfollowed thehelpofmother,Icancook煮饭). AUnder BUsing C.With D.ByUnit1SportsandGamesTopic3Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?bereadyfor+活动，表示“为„„预备好了”。如：Wearereadyforthenextexam.【拓展】〔1〕bereadyforsth.I”djustbeenreadyforteawhentheycalled．他们打时，我刚刚把茶预备好。〔2〕bereadytodosth.表示“预备好做某事”。如：Wewereallreadytospendtheholiday.It”smyfirsttimetotakepartinthehighjump．这是我第一次参与跳高比赛。It”sone”sfirsttimetodosth.=It”sthefirsttimeforsb.todosth.示“某人第一次做某事”。如：It”sMary”sfirsttimetoseethecutepandas．=It”sthefirsttimeforMarytoseethecutepandas．这是玛丽第一次看到得意的大熊猫。MaybeMichaelwillmakemanyfriendsduringthesportsmeet.或许迈克尔在运动会期间会交很多朋友。makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友。如：Wouldyouliketomakefriendswithme?你情愿和我交朋友吗?maybeadv．或许，可能，或许。如：maybemaybemaybeadv.，意为“可能，或许，或许”，在句中作状语，通常置于句首，也可放在动词之前。maybebemayMaybeheiseighteen.=Hemaybeeighteen．他可能十八岁了。Maybethebookisinthedesk.=Thebookmaybeinthedesk．那本书可能在书桌里。Maybeyouhaveagoodchance.=Youmayhaveagoodchance.会。Whenshallwemeet?我们什么时候见面?shall同IweAtthistimenextweekIshallbeinScotland.否认shallnot=shan”t，过去式should。如：Weshan”tgothere.IsaidthatIshouldbepleasedtohelp.在疑问句中和I／we连用，表示提出或征求意见。如：ShallIsendyouthebook?Whatshallwedothisweekend?5．Congratulations!congratulationn．庆贺、恭贺、贺词用于向某人表示庆贺，复数为congratulations。如：—wearegettingmarried!—Congratulations!庆贺你们!Congratulationsonyourexamresults!【拓展】congratulatev.庆贺，道贺congratulatesb.(onsth.)向某人道贺如：Icongratulatedthemontheirresults.6．I”msoexcited．我太兴奋了。Therewillbeanotherexcitingrelayracethisafternoon.今日下午还有一场令人感动的接力赛。excitedadj.，意为“感动的，对„„感到兴奋”，主语通常是人。如：Thechildrenwereexcitedaboutopeningtheirpresents.孩子们对翻开礼物感到兴奋不已。excitingadjinterestedinteresting，tiredtiringTheywaitedandwaitedforsomethingexcitingtohappen.着感动人心的事情发生。Itisanexcitingmatch.这是一场令人感动的竞赛。7．Thisencouragesmealot．这次对我的鼓舞很大。encouragev.常用词组encouragesb.todosth.鼓舞某人做某事。如：OurEnglishteacheroftenencouragesustostudywell.我们的英语教师常常鼓舞我们好好学习。ThePeople”sRepublicofChinatookpartintheOlympicsforthefirsttimein1952．中华人民共和国第一次参与奥林匹克运动会是在1952年。thePeople”sRepublicofChina.中华人民共和国。缩略形式为PRC。forthefirsttime类似的短语有：forthesecondtimeforthelasttimeIn1984，shelookpartintheOlympicsforthesecondtime．1984In2012，hewilltakepartintheOlympicsforthelasttime．2012XuHaifengwonthefirstgoldmedalforChinainthel984LosAngelesOlympics.许海峰在1984年洛杉矶奥运会上为中国夺得第一枚金牌。winv.获胜，赢；n.winner获胜者，过去式won，现在分词winning。如：Theyarethewinners.winwar,game,battle,match,famewin动词或不及物动词。如：Theywonthematch．他们赢了这场竞赛。Hecouldn”twinwithoutyourhelp.Itsmottois“Faster，higher，stronger．”它的宗旨是“更快，更高，更强。”motton.箴言，格言，座右铭。作可数名词，复数形式既可以为mottos，也可以是mottoes。如：“It”snevertoooldtolearn”ismymotto．“活到老学到老”是我的座右铭。TheOlympicringsareasymboloftheOlympicGames．奥运五环是奥林匹克运动会的一种标志。asymbolofsth．„„的象征。如：Whiteisalwaysasymbolofpurityinwestemcultures.在西方文化中，白色象征纯洁。Therearefiverings，andtheystandforthefivepartsofthewind．它有五个环，代表着世界上的五大洲。standforHKstandsforHongKong.HK【拓展】standforI”mnotstandingforthewayhespeaks．我再也不能忍受他讲话的方式了。13．Youcaneasilyfindatleastoneofthesecolorsintheflagofeverycountry.你能很简洁地在每个国家的国旗上，至少找到这些颜色中的一种。atleastTheredcarwillcostatleast200,000yuan200000元。【拓展】其反义词组为：at(the)most，意为“至多；不超过”。如：Thereareatmost5,000peopleinthistown500014．Weshouldimproveourenvironment．我们应当改善我们的环境。improvetomakesth.better。如：CanyouhelpmeimprovemyEnglish?你能帮我提高英语水平吗?()1．Mymother adinnerformybirthdaynextweek.A.host B．hosted C．hosting D．willhost()2．WehadasportsmeetinglastSunday．Itookpartinthe race．A．boy”s800-meter B．boy”s800meter Cboys”800-meter meter()3．Ourschoolsportsmeetingcomes