2022届福建省厦门高考压轴卷英语试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷

请考生注意：

1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答

案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2.答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogressisdeeplyrootedinoursocial

values.

A.HowB.Whether

C.ThatD.Why

2.—Toapplyforashort-termstudyvisaintheUK,IhavetobeabletospeaksomeEnglish,butIwanttogotherejust

tolearnEnglish.

—Oh,it'sreally.

A.aconndentialsourceB.acatch-22situation

C.aPandora'sboxD.aHerculeantask

3.―Ican'tthinkwhyhesoangry.Imeantnooffence.

-Ifstypicalofhimtobesensitive.

A.shouldhavebeenB.musthavebeen

C.mighthavebeenD.canhavebeen

4.—Howabouthisdesign?

—Well,totellthetruth,itisbutsatisfactory.Soyou'llhavetotryyourbesttobetterit.

A.somethingB.anything

C.everythingD.nothing

5.—Whataconsequence!

—Yes.Ihimaboutit,butwithoutsuccess.

A.willremindB.wouldremind

C.wasremindingD.hadreminded

6.ShehasexpressedherhopetheforeignstudentswillspreadthegoodwillandsincerityoftheChinesepeople

tootherpartsoftheworld.

A.thatB.which

C.whetherD.what

7.Nicholaswasverykind,mercifulandgenerous.ThisisFatherChristmasisbasedon.

A.whereB.howC.whatD.why

8.Peopletendtoloveagriculturalproductswithouttheuseoffertilizers,pesticidesorchemicaladditives.

A.growingB.grown

C.beinggrownD.havingbeengrown

9.Abrahamsethimselfupinfrontofhisdaughter,handsherhair,andwasclosetotears,reluctanttotear

himselffromher.

A.totoywithB.toyedwithC.toyingwithD.beingtoyedwith

10.Oh!Icanfeelsomethingupmyleg!Itmustbeaninsect.

A.toclimbB.climbing

C.climbD.climbed

11.MaybesomeofyouarecuriousaboutwhatmylifewaslikeonthestreetsbecauseI'veneverreallytalkedaboutit

A.inplaceB.inturnC.inforceD.indepth

12.ThenewlocallawinNanjingsaysparentsnotphysicallyharmyoungchildrenorexposethemto

long-termhungerasapunishment.

A.canB.shall

C.willD.need

13.Youwillhavetostayathomealldayyoufinishallyourhomework.

A.ifB.unlessC.whetherD.because

14.Theargumentremainsextremelyheateditisnecessarytofrequentlyupdateteachingmaterial.

A.thatB.whichC.ifD.whether

15.Theproblemhewillhavehiscollegeeducationathomeorabroadremainsuntouched.

A.howB.whetherC.thatD.when

16.Attheendofthehistoricarea,Wilmingtondisplayeditsasaworkingportcity：largeware-housesanda

fewotherdatedofficebuildings.

A.achievementB.reputation

C.characterD.standard

17.Davewasa,Becauseofhismisconductinclass,thewholeclasshadtostayafterschool.

A.wetblanketB.leadinglight

C.blacksheepD.darkhorse

18.ItohelpyoutodohomeworkbutIcouldn'tspareanytime.Iacompositionlastnightand1,11

finishittomorrow.

A.wanted；wroteB.hadwanted；waswriting

C.hadwanted；wroteD.wanted；havebeenwriting

19.—Didyoucatchthefirstbusthismorning?

—No.IthadleftthestopIgotthere.

A.inthetimeB.atthetime

C.bythetimeD.duringthetime

20.themselvesinthecommunityservices,studentscangainexperienceforgrowth.

A.InvolvedB.Toinvolve

C.HavingbeeninvolvedD.Involving

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Sports&ActivityDay

Sunday,14May2017

2:00pm―6:00pm

AmkActivePark（AngMoKioStreet15）

LearnASport&PlayAsAFamily

♦JoinusforourSpores&ActivityDayaswecelebratetheFinaleoftheSingaporeFamilyCelebrations2017!

♦LearnasporttogetherasafamilyatourSportingCentrewithmanyactivities,includingAmoraMassDance

Training!

♦Getyourfamilytogetherthroughafun-filledPowerUpTraining!

RegisterNow

♦RegistrationisFREE!

♦Bethefirst2000toregisterby1MaysothatyoucanreceiveAmorafreegiftworth$70.

♦Registrationclosesby10MayandyoucanregisterbySMSto71819223oremailrequire@sfc.sgthefollowing:<

AmoraMassDanceTraining>,<yourname>,<age>and<contactnumber>.

Formoreinformation,call171661.TherewillalsobebusservicesforfreeatAMKPointon14Mayforall

SingaporeFamilyCelebrationsparticipants!

1、Theeventismainlydesignedfor.

A.familiestogetcloserB.friendtolearntodance

C.childrentolearnasportD.parentstoorganizeagame

2、Theeventwill.

A.betakenpartinonlyby2000people

B.lastforfourhoursintheafternoon

C.takeplaceindifferentplaces

D.beopentoregistrationuntil14May,2017

3、Wecanlearnfromthetextthatalltheparticipantcan.

A.getAmorafreegiftworth$70B.registerinthreedifferentways

C.call71819223formoreinformationD.takeafreebusrideatAMKPointonMay14

4、Thetextisprobably.

A.astoryB.areport

C.aposterD.anotice

22.（8分）阅读理解

Onthefirstdayofschoolourprofessorintroducedhimselfandchallengedustogettoknowsomeonewedidn*tknow.I

lookedroundwhenagentlehandtouchedmyshoulder.Iturnedaroundtofindawrinkled,littleoldladywitha

smile.Shesaid,“Hi,handsome.MynameisRose.I'meighty-sevenyearsold.CanIgiveyouahug?"Ilaughedand

enthusiasticallyresponded,uOfcourseyoumay!”Shegavemeagiant$queeze・"WhyareyouiiicoHegeatsuchayoiiiii，

imwcentage?”1asked/61alwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowPmgettingone!”shetoldme.After

classwewalkedtotheStudentUnionbuildingandsharedachocolatemilkshake.Webecameinstantfriends.

Everydayofthenextthreemonthswewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknon-stop」wasalwayslisteningtothis"time

machine”asshesharedherwisdomandexperiencewithme.Overthecourseoftheyear,Rosebecameacampusicon（偶

像）andsheeasilymadefriendswherevershewent.AttheendofthesemesterweinvitedRosetospeakatourfootball

dinner.rilneverforgetwhatshetaughtus."Wedonotstopplayingbecauseweareold;wegrowoldbecausewestop

playing.Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn'ttake

anytalentorability.Theideaistogrowupbyalwaysfindingopportunitiesinchange.Havenoregrets.Theelderly

usuallydon*thaveregretsforwhatwedid,butratherforthingswedidnotdo.Theonlypeoplewhofeardeatharethose

withregrets.”Sheconcludedherspeechbycourageouslysinging"TheRose”.Shechallengedeachofustostudythe

lyrics（歌词）andlivethemoutinourdailylife.Attheyear'sendshefinishedthecollegedegreeshehadbegunallthose

years.OneweekaftergraduationRosediedpeacefullyinhersleep.

1、Whathappenedtotheauthoronthefirstdayofschool?

A.Hegottoknowanoldprofessor.

B.Hemadetheacquaintanceofanoldlady.

C.HejoinedtheStudentUnion.

D.Hehadtoshareamilkshakewithothers.

2、FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1,wecanfindouttheauthor's.

A.concernaboutage

B•respectfortheold

C.curiosityaboutthelady

D.complaintabouteducation

3、Intheauthor'seyes,.

A.Rosewasinnocentandgenerous

B.Rosewaswiseandskilled

C.Rosewastalentedandhard-working

D.Rosewascourageousandherwordswereinspiring

4、WhichsayingmightRosepossiblysupport・

A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.

B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

C.Romewasn'tbuiltinaday.

D.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.

23.（8分）Televisionhaschangedthelifestyleofpeopleineveryindustrializedcountryintheworld.In

theUnitedStates,wheresociologistshavestudiedtheeffects,someinterestingobservationshavebeenmade.

血

Television,althoughnotessential,hasbecomeanimportantpartofmostpeople'slives.Italterspeople'swaysof

seeingtheworld;inmanyways,itsupportsandsustains（维持）modernlife.

Televisionhasbecomeababy-sitter,anintroducerofconversations,themajortransmitterofculture,andakeeper

oftradition.YetwhenwhatcanbeseenonTVinonedayiscriticallyanalyzed,itbecomesevidentthattelevisionisnota

teacherbutasustainer;thepoorqualityofprogrammingdoesnotelevate（提高）peopleintogreaterunderstanding,but

rathermaintainsandencouragesthelifeasitexists.

TheprimaryreasonforthelackofqualityinAmericantelevisionisrelatedtoboththehistoryofTV

programmingdevelopmentandtheeconomicsofTV.TelevisioninAmericabeganwiththeradio.Radiocompaniesand

theirsponsorsfirstexperimentedwithtelevision.Therefore,thecloserelationshipwhichtheadvertisershadwithradio

programsbecamethesystemforAmericanTV.Sponsorsnotonlypaidmoneyfortimewithinprograms,butmany

actuallyproducedtheprograms.Thus,inAmericansociety,televisionisprimarilyconcernedwithreflectingand

attractingsocietyratherthanexperimentingwithnewideas.Advertiserswanttoattractthelargestviewingaudience

possible.Todosorequiresthattheprogramsbeentertainingratherthaneducational,attractiveratherthan

challenging.[

TelevisioninAmericatodayremains,toalargeextent,withthesameorganizationandstandardsasithadthirty

yearsago.Thehopeforfurtherdevelopmentandtrueachievementtowardimprovingsocietywillrequireachangein

theentiresystem.

1、Accordingtotheauthor,Americantelevisionispoorinqualitybecause.

A.itiscontrolledbyradiocompanies

B.theprogramshavetobedevelopedpartlyforeconomicreasons

C.advertisersareinterestedinexperimentingwithnewideas

D.itisstillatanearlystageofdevelopment,comparedwiththeradio

2、Intheauthor'sview,AmericanTVshould.

A.beentertainingandattractive

B.reflectsocietyandattractsociety

C.maintainandencouragethelifeasitexists

D.changewiththedevelopmentofsociety

3、Basedonthepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TVhasbecomeamustintheAmerican'slife.

B.OnecanexpecttoimprovehisunderstandingsignificantlyfromwatchingTV.

C.AmericanTVisimportanttomostpeopleasitaffectstheirlifeinmanyways.

D.AmericanTVnowadayshassomedifferentstandardsfromthepast.

4、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsAmericantelevisionis.

A.negativeB.positive

C.indifferentD.sympathetic

24.（8分）You'llprobablynevergotoMarsorsingonthestagewiththeRollingStones.Butifvirtualreality（VR）

everlivesuptoitspromise,youmightbeabletodoallthesethings—andmanymore—withoutevenleavingyour

home.Unlikerealreality,virtualrealitymeanssimulating（模仿）bitsofourworld.Apartfromgamesand

entertainment,ifslongbeenusedfortrainingairlinepilotsandsurgeonsandforhelpingscientiststofigureoutcomplex

problemssuchasthestructureofproteinmolecules（分子）.Thenhowdoesitwork?

Closeyoureyesandthinkofvirtualrealityandyouprobablypicturesomethinglikethis:amanwearinga

wrap-aroundheadsetanddatagloveswiredintoapowerfulworkstationorsupercomputer.WhatdistinguishesVRfrom

anordinarycomputerexperienceisthenatureoftheinputandoutput.Whereanordinarycomputerusesthingslikea

keyboard,mouse,orspeechrecognitionforinput,VRusessensorsthatdetecthowyourbodyismoving.Andwherea

PCdisplaysoutputonascreen,VRusestwoscreens(oneforeacheye),surround-soundspeakers,andmaybesome

formsoftouchandbodyfeedbackaswell.

VRhasbeenroutinelyusedbyscientists,doctors,dentists,engineers,architects,archaeologists,andthemilitaryfor

aboutthelast30years.Difficultanddangerousjobsarehardtotrainfor.Howcanyousafelypracticetakingatripto

space,makingaparachutejump,orcarryingoutbrainsurgery?Allthesethingsareobviouscandidatesforvirtual

realityapplications.

Likeanytechnology,virtualrealityhasbothgoodandbadpoints.Criticsalwaysraisetheriskthatpeoplemaybe

addictedtoalternativerealitiestothepointofignoringtheirreal-worldlives—butthatcriticismhasbeenleveledat

everythingfromradioandTVtocomputergamesandtheInternet.Likemanytechnologies,VRtakeslittleornothing

awayfromtherealworld:youdon'thavetouseitifyoudon'twantto.

1、Whatequipmentdoweprobablyneedforvirtualreality?

A.Akeyboard,aheadsetandasupercomputer

B.Aheadset,dataglovesandaspeechrecognition.

C.Aheadset,dataglovesandasupercomputer

D.Akeyboard,amouseandaspeechrecognition.

2、Paragraph3ismainlyabout・

A.theprinciplesofvirtualreality

B.theapplicationsofvirtualreality

C.thehistoryofvirtualreality

D.theinfluencesofvirtualreality

3、Accordingtothepassage,virtualrealitymeans.

A.imaginingbeautifulthingsinourmind

B.creatingsomethingthatdoesn'texist

C.experiencingthingsthatdon'treallyexist

D.cloningsomethingthathasdiedout

4、Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsVR?

A.Appreciative.B,Cautious.

C.Skeptical.D.Indifferent.

25.(10分)Roadtrip

Motorhomedeliveryoffersgreatfamilyholidays.Forjust$1aday,youcanhireafully-equippedmotorhome,

whichyoudelivertoaspecificdestinationwithinsomedaysandkilometers.Youthenhireanotheronetogethomeor

takeabusortrain.Youronlyotherexpensewillbefuelandabout$20adayforparkingfees.Tolearnmore,visit

apollocamper.com.

Planahead

Foracomfortablebreak,flexibilitywithtimes9datesandplaceshelpslowerthecost.Findafewhotelsyoulike,

askabouttheirvacantrooms>thenwaitafewweeksandcallagain.Iftheystillhaverooms,you'reatanadvantageto

askforabetterprice.Lotsoflast-minutedealsareonline.Watif(watif.com.au)hasdealsonhotelsthathavedropped

theirpricessoslow.Youdon*tknowwhereyou*restayinguntilit'sbooked»butanywherewithfourorfivestarshasto

befairlygood.

Backtonature

Wildcampingappealstonatureloversandcostsnothing.Thisisforbiddenonbeachesandparksinmosturban

areas»butyoucanturnupinmoredistantareaaslongasnobodyownstheland.Youllneedtotakeeverythingwithyou

andmayneedtoshoponeBuy(ebuy.com.au).Ifyou'reacampingbeginner,beawareofsafetymeasuresandget

yourquestionsansweredontheInternet.

Swapmeet

Howaboutahomeswap?Fora$250yearlyjoiningcost,youcanstayinsomeone'shomeinaninternationalplace

ofyourchoicewhiletheyorsomeoneelsestaysinyours.Findoutmoreatfamilylink.com.au.

1、Wherecanyougettheinformationaboutmotorhomes?

A.apollocamper.com.

B.watif.com.au.

C.ebuy.com.au.

D.familylink.com.au.

2、Whathelpstopaylessforroomsinahotel?

A.Choosinghotelswithfourorfivestars.

B.BargainingpricesthroughtheInternet.

C.Waitingforsometimebeforebooking.

D.Decidingonroomsasearlyaspossible.

3^Whafstheadviceforcampingbeginners?

A.KeepintouchwitheBuy.

B.Watchoutforpossibledangers.

C.Stayawayfromno-man'sland.

D.Takeonlywhatyouneed.

4、What*sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toteachtheimportanceofrunningawayfromwork.

B.Tointroducenewdestinationsfornaturelovers.

C.Toshowtheadvantagesofonlineservice.

D.Tohelppeoplehavefunatlessexpense.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题L5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）YanWei,a30-year-oldblindman,hasjustcoveredamarathononSunday.Thistimehe]his

personalrecordwithanewtimeof3hours,15minutesand58seconds.Hehadtwo2tohelphimandwas3

themwithasafetyrope.”

Yan,wholosthis4whenhewasafewmonthsold,startedrunningthreeyearsago,afterlearningthat

volunteerswereavailableto5blindrunnersatthe2015BeijingMarathon.

Whenhestartedtrainingwiththehelpofhis6andparents,hecouldrunonlyfor2or3kmatatime.But

soonhe7somuchthathissisterhadtorideabiketostay8himandguidehim.Ittookhimjustfour

monthstobe9forhisfirstmarathon.

Yan10hisquickprogresstodailyexercise.uFdliketo11200kmpermonth.Ifeel12ifI

donotrunfortwodaysinarow."saysYan.

Buttrainingisbecoming13forYannow,becausetherearefewguideswhocanrunfasterthanhim.His

guidesneedtobeinbetter14conditionthanhim.

“He'$nevermissedasingletraininginthepastthreeyears.Iam15notonlybyhisstrengthbutalsohis_

16totrain,“saysShuHao,an17runnerwhohastakenpartinalotofmarathonsandoneofYan'srunning

guides.

Insteadofdyingtoprovehimself18heran,Yanhastakendelightinrunningandnowmovedto19

theprocess.Hehascompletedfourteen20inthelasttwoyearsandjustwantstokeepgoing.

1、A.beatB.copiedC.researchedD.preserved

2、A.dogsB.coachesC.guidesD.judges

3、A.liftedbyB.tiedtoC.separatedfromD.fixed

4、A.parentsB.strengthC.voiceD.sight

5、A.assistB.comfortC.representD.consult

6、A.teachersB.classmatesC.brotherD.sister

7、A.donatedB.occupiedC.improvedD.witnessed

8、A.awayfromB.aheadofC.behindD.for

9、A.readyB.lateC.gratefulD.harmful

10、A.adjustsB.owesC.devotesD.applies

11、A.runB.driveC.swimD.fly

12>A.unluckyB.embarrassedC.uncomfortableD.ignored

13、A.stricterB.looserC.easierD.harder

14^A.livingB.physicalC.mentalD.educational

15、A.praisedB.evaluatedC.impressedD.inspected

16>A.instructionB.pressureC.absenceD.determination

17、A.experiencedB.honestC.overweightD.upset

18、A.soonafterB・everytimeC.asifD.eventhough

19、A.delayB.registerCsimplifyD.enjoy

20、A.projectsB.operationsC.marathonsD.tasks

第二节（每小题L5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.(15分)WuzhenisatypicalancienttowninsouthernChina.1.(lie)inthenorthernpartofTongxiangCity,

ZhejiangProvince,itcanbeeasilyaccessed(到达)throughanumberofexpressways.Onarecentbusinesstripto

Shanghai,alocalfriend2.(invite)metoWuzhen.

Itwas9:00amwhenwearrivedthere.Withitshousesmade3.blackbricksandgraytiles(瓦)againstthewhite

walls,thesmalltownislikea4・(tradition)Chineseinkandwashpainting.Wanderingalongtheriverside,youwillbe

5・(deep)impressedbythegreatviewandslowlifestyle.Atlunchtime,I6,(treat)tothesteamedwhitefish,a

well-knowndishservedatmost7.(restaurant)inWuzhen.Ittastedsogood.ButIthinkitisthemixofcultureand

foodthatmakesitsooutstanding.Afterlunch,wecontinuedourwalk,enjoyingthesightsandlearningaboutitshistory,

ahistory8,isfullofgoodstoriesanduniquecharacters.

It'sreallyfortunateforanybody9.(explore)suchabeautifulplace.Wehopetherewillbe10,secondchanceto

visitthiswonderfultown!

第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)

28.(10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(人)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Applyingforaforeignuniversityisahugeproject、Hereismyexperience>IdidvoluntaryworkinGradeOne、I

listedallofmyachievementandthevoluntaryworkIhavedone、Aftercompletetheonlineadmissionprocess,Itooka

deepbreatheanddreamedaboutmydreamcollege>However,exceptofferfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego

（UCSD）,Itotalgoteightrejections>Oneday,IlockedmyselfinmyroombutthoughtaboutwhatIhaddone、Finally

IunderstoodthatIcouldlearnnothingfromtheexperienceeventhoughthoserejectionsweremademesad、Iaccepted

theUCSD'sofferandadjustedmyselfquickly、Forthisattitude,everythingIsawofUCSDthrilledme、

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositioninabout100wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowin

Chinese.

假设你是李明，你的表弟张华即将踏入高中学习，请你写一封信给他，在信中简要描述你自己的高中学习生活，并给

他的高中学习生活提些建议。

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1、C

2、B

3、A

4、B

5、D

6、A

7、C

8、B

9、C

10、B

11、D

12、B

13、B

14、D

15、B

16、C

17、C

18^B

19、C

20、D

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、A

2、B

3、D

4、C

22、Everyday,peoplecomeintocontactwiththousandsofchemicals.Thesechemicalsaresaidtobeharmlessto

humanhealth.Infact,thechemicalsareconsideredsosafethatwewashwiththem.Weputthemonourbodiesand

evenourfaces.Otherchemicalproductsareusedthroughoutourhomes.

Bythetimeyouwalkoutofyourfrontdoor,youhavealreadybeenexposedtothousandsofchemicals.

Onitsown,eachchemicalseemsharmless.Butincombinationwithotherchemicals,theymaybecomedeadly.That

isthefindingofatwo-yearstudybyahigh-profiletaskforceofscientists.Thetaskforcewastoldtoinvestigatethe

cancer-causingpossibilityofchemicalmixtures.

LindaGulliverwasoneof174scientistsonthetaskforce.Theirjobwastostudythecancer-causingpotentialof85

chemicals.All85aresaidtobecommonintheenvironment.

Ms.Gulliverexplainsthatchemicalshavethepotentialorytoformdangerousmixtures.Evensimplemineralscan

becomedangerouswhenmixedwithchemicalsfoundinplasticsorbeautyproducts.

Workingingroups,thescientistsexploredhowdifferentchemicalmixturescouldleadtocancer.Ms.Gulliver's

teamlookedattheabilityofdifferentcombinationstosupportthein-creaseofmalignant（恶性的）humancells.

Shesaysthecurrentwaytoidentifywhetherchemicalscausecanceristotestthemoneatatime.Thismethodleads,

sheadds,toalonglistofsupposedly“safe”chemicals.Sheandherteamsaythatapproachneedstochange.

“Wedefinitelyneedcertainresearch...tofindoutwhatmixturesofchemicalswouldbemoreharmfulthanothers;

whatgroupsofchemicals,whentogether,wouldproducemoreharmfuleffects.Andatthemoment,thatisnotknown.^^

Anestimatedoneinfivecancershasbeenlinkedtochemicalexposure.I