2019外研社版高中英语选修三 Unit 3 War and peace 知识清单(学生版)

阅读单词认读landingn.alliedadj.troopn.code-namev.tiden.supremeadj.commandern.parachuten.coastlinen.gunfiren.amongstprep.tankn.solemnadj.wearyv.peacekeepingn.peacekeepern.frictionn.disarmv.combatantn.weaponn.ammunitionn.sardinen.direadj.dauntingadj.fortifyv.shirkv.depictv.peern.breezen.crowningadj.prominentadj.commemoratev.reaffirmv.blueprintn.重点单词识记__________n.目的,目标__________v.回想,回忆起__________adv.勉强才能__________v.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地__________adj.杰出的,优秀的__________n.制服__________v.轰炸__________adj.智力的,脑力的__________adj.联合的__________adj.简单的;粗糙的__________v.扰乱__________n.周年纪念日__________n.金额,款项__________n.谷物,粮食__________adj.有关的,切题的核心词汇拓展__________adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→__________n.暴力__________n.令人惊恐的事→__________adj.可怕的→__________v.惊吓;使厌恶;恐吓drownv.(使)淹死→__________adj.淹死的→__________adj.要淹死的__________v.解放(城市、国家等)→__________n.解放__________adj.纪念的,追悼的n.纪念馆,纪念碑→__________n.记忆→__________v.记住→__________adj.值得纪念的;难忘的__________n.稳固,稳定→__________adj.稳定的__________n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→__________n.专业;职业→__________adj.专业的n.专业人员__________adj.学术的→__________n.学院;学会__________n.侵略→__________vt.&vi.侵略;攻击→__________adj.好斗的;有进取心的→__________n.侵略者__________v.出现→__________adj.新兴的;处于发展初期的→__________n.突发事件;紧急情况__________n.侵略者,侵略军→__________v.侵略;侵犯→__________n.侵略__________adj.多雾的→__________n.薄雾;水汽__________n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事;荣誉→__________adj.光荣的__________n.奉献→__________v.把……奉献给→__________adj.专注的;献身的__________n.代表→__________v.代表;描绘__________adj.集体的;共同的→__________v.收集→__________n.收藏品核心短语速记待命inlargenumbers把……从……释放出来,使……摆脱对……有信心不少于为……做准备(及时)到达(尤指来得及做某事);及时赶上参加;(经历艰难困苦后)成功meetupwith保住;压制,限制遵守;不偏离(道路等)librariann.图书管理员;(西方的)图书馆馆长licensen.执照,许可证literaturen.文学literaryadj.文学的livelyadj.活泼的;充满生气的locationn.位置;地方logicaladj.逻辑上的;符合逻辑的looseadj.松散的;宽松的loudspeakern.扬声器,喇叭luggagen.(总称)行李magicadj.有魔力的maintainvt.维持;保持Code-named“OperationOverlord”,itwasthelargestcombinedsea,airandlandoperationinhistory,theaimbeingtofreenorth-westEuropefromGermanoccupation.(独立主格结构)这次行动代号为“霸王行动”,是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆联合行动,目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。Withthesewordsringingintheirears,AlliedsoldierspreparedforwhatwouldbecomeknownasD-Day.(with的复合结构)这些话在他们耳畔回响,盟军士兵们为即将到来的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。Conditionswerelittlebetteroncetheyreachedtheremoteandmountainoussouth-westpartofChina.(once引导时间状语从句)到了中国西南部的偏远山区后,情况也没有好多少。Itisnowonderthatmany,ifnotmost,ofChina’sleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda,includingthetwoNobelPrize-winningphysicists,YangZhenningandLiZhengdao.(Itisnowonderthat...难怪……)难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。Drivenbyasenseofcommitment,agreatmanyjoinedthearmytoresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation.(过去分词短语作状语)在责任感的驱使下,许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者,保卫国家的荣誉。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。troop,stability,collective,violence,dedicationSeveralyearshavepassedbutwecan’tforgetthe1.__________thatbrokeoutinthissmallAfricancountry,whicheventuallyturnedintonationalunrest.Therewereconstantfightsbetweengovernment2.__________andlocalarmedforces.Attheinvitationoftheinternationalcommunity,Chinasentpeacekeeperstothiscountrytohelp.Allofthesepeacekeeperswerecombatants.Theyworepeacekeepers’uniforms,carriedweaponsandammunition,stoppedviolentincidents,disarmedillegalarmedforces,mediatedfrictionsbetweenallparties,andfortifiedsocialsecurity.Theymadeoutstandingcontributionstothepeaceand3.__________ofthecountry.Theirunremittingeffortsand4.__________wonwidespreadpraise.ThesupremecommanderofUNpeacekeepingspokehighlyofthequalityandroleofChina’speacekeepingforce,andawardedit5.__________first-classmerit.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇objectiven.目的,目标adj.客观的;无偏见的;真实的;宾格的(objectv.反对;不赞成n.目标,目的;物体objectionn.不赞成;反对;异议)objecttosb/sth反对;不赞成……objectto(sb)doingsth反对(某人)做某事have/raise/makeanobjectionto/against(doing)sth对(做)某事表示反对Itisobviousthatheobjectsto__________(solve)frictionswithviolence.TheStudentUnionofourschoolwillinviteanexpertinthisfieldwiththe__________(object)ofofferingguidancetousstudents.如果没有人反对,我们就把会议推迟到下周。______________________________,wewillputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.condemnv.谴责;指责;宣判;迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地

condemnsbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而指责某人condemnsbtosth判处某人刑罚;迫使某人接受……的困境becondemnedtodosth注定要做某事Thekindergartenwascondemned__________abusingnaughtychildren.Theirlackofqualificationscondemnedthem__________alifetimeofboring,usuallypoorly-paidwork.这个男孩是如此善良和积极,他注定会有一个光明的未来。representativen.代表;代理人adj.典型的;有代表性的(representv.代表;象征;表示;描绘;声称)representsb/sthas/tobe...宣称某人为……;把某事叙述为……representsthtosb向某人说明(传达)某事standfor代表;象征onbehalfofsb(＝onone’sbehalf)为了某人;代表某人Theyrepresentedtheirconcernforthesafetyofthesechildren__________theauthorities.Somecountriesrepresenttheirtroops__________peacekeeperstoothercountries.我非常高兴代表我们学校告诉你们有关这些活动的一些事情。I’mglad____________________totellyousomethingabouttheseactivities.(represent)____________________,I’mgladtotellyousomethingabouttheseactivities.(behalf)sumn.金额,款项;总数;总和v.总结,概括alargesumof大量的sumup总结;概括insum＝tosumup总而言之Willyoupleasesum__________themainideaofthisarticle?综上所述,我们应该尽量发挥互联网的优势,同时把劣势降到最低。____________________,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesoftheInternetintofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.这个男孩因他的发明得到了一大笔奖金。Theboywasrewardedforhisinventionwith____________________.holddown保住;压制;限制holdback阻挡;抵制;克制;控制;退缩holdout(食物等)维持;伸出;坚持holdup举起;支撑;耽搁;抢劫holdon(打电话时用语)请等一下,不要挂断;坚持住,挺住holdonto抓住;坚持,不放弃Iwouldhavearrivedonschedule,butmytrainwasheld__________ontheway.当作家回到家里看到他虚弱的母亲时,他忍不住流下了眼泪。Whenthewriterarrivedhomeandsawhisweakmother,.别半途而废。坚持你的目标,你就会成功。(应用文写作之鼓励信)Don’tleavethingshalfdone.andyouwillmakeit.Itisnowonderthat...Itisnowonderthatmany,ifnotmost,ofChina’sleadingscholarsandscientistsemergedatLianda,includingthetwoNobelPrize-winningphysicists,YangZhenningandLiZhengdao.难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。Itisnowonderthat...难怪……;怪不得……,……不足为奇(可以省略为Nowonder...)It’sawonderthat...令人惊奇的是……workwonders创造奇迹wonder＋宾语从句想知道……/对……感到奇怪Iwonder__________youcangivemesomeadviceonhowtomakefriends.地震发生后,他靠一瓶矿泉水幸存了下来,这真是个奇迹。hehadsurvivedonabottleofmineralwateraftertheearthquake.我们相信,只要我们不放弃保护野生动物的斗争,我们就会创造奇迹。Webelievethataslongaswenevergiveupthestruggleofwildlifeprotection.(2022浙江1月)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics—manyofthemclimatescientists—havepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.例如,在一个名为“NoFlyClimateSci”的网站上,大约有200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——自两年前这份艰难的尝试开始以来,承诺尽可能减少飞行。(2021新高考全国Ⅰ)Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills”.许多人错误地把情商看作一个人身上几乎所有的优秀品质,这些品质无法用智商衡量,比如性格、动力、自信心、情绪的稳定、乐观和“人际交往技巧”等。(2021新高考全国Ⅱ)Acompanyrepresentativewrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司每天的1200个航班都在从塑料杯改为纸杯。(2021天津第一次笔试)Secondslater,ourlizardemergedfromitstankwithitsoldskinflowingbehindit.几秒钟后,我们的蜥蜴从它的水箱里出来了,它的旧皮肤在后面流动着。(2020天津)Ihaveneverknownanoutstandingmanwholackedeither.我不知道有一个杰出的人会缺乏这两样(品质)。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍roughA.艰难的B.崎岖不平的C.粗鲁的D.粗糙的E.汹涌的；风浪大的HesaidIwaslikearoughdiamondandIneededpolishing.Theyjourneyedforseveralweeksoverroughroads.Hisroughmannersannoyedeverybody.Theseawasroughanddangerous,andtheshipwentupanddown.Friendsarethebesttoturntowhenyou’rehavingaroughday.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Asajournalist,itismydutytoreporttrueandobjectiveinformation.Thereisanxietyabouttherisingtideofcrime.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Thelibraryhouseslotsofunpublisheddocumentsthatarerelevant__________yourtopic.Hehaswonthefirstprize.Itis__________wonderthathebecomesambitiousandconfidentagain.Mostpeopleobjected__________hisplan,whichdisappointedhim.However,hegottobemoremodest.Itissuggestedthatweshouldhold__________pricesuntilthenewyearforthesakeofthestabilityofsociety.Theyselectedmeasthe__________(represent)ofourschooltodeliverareportabouttheresultofouranalysis.WhatmakesussurprisedisthatinEnglandtrafficmustkeep__________theleft,whichiscontrarytoChina.Mysisterhasagoodcommand__________Englishbecauseshehasstudiedabroadforthreeyears.Theyshowed__________(violence)objectiontoteenagers’pursuingfashionandcopyingcelebrities.Shehadbarelyheardthenewsthathewasrefused__________shebegantocry.Tomyhorror,amouseemerged__________myroom.单句写作——应用文增分练(节约粮食的倡议)我们学校的学生会将发起一场运动,目的是提高人们珍惜食物的意识。(objective)随着生活水平的提高,一些人开始忽视节约粮食。(with的复合结构)对我们周围的食物浪费感到震惊,我呼吁每个人停止浪费,珍惜粮食。(过去分词短语作状语)我们应该首先从自身做起,同时呼吁更多的同龄人加入这项运动。(peer)总之,通过我们的共同努力,食物的浪费可以减少,我们学生将养成珍惜食物的习惯。(tosumup)微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]人物描写violencen.暴力outstandingadj.杰出的,优秀的intellectualadj.智力的,脑力的roughadj.简单的;粗糙的peern.同龄人;同辈gloryn.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事prominentadj.著名的,杰出的dedicationn.奉献动作描写drownv.(使)淹死recallv.回想,回忆起fortifyv.激励,加强depictv.描述,描写环境描写coastlinen.海岸线mistyadj.多雾的breezen.微风violentadj.狂暴的,凶暴的horrorn.令人惊恐的事[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。八月一个多雾的早晨,我们出发去进行为期一周的冒险。我们已经为之准备了三天,所以我们对这次冒险充满信心。在最初的两天里,我们享受着凉爽的微风和美妙的海岸线。然后,崎岖的道路让探险变得更加艰难。在野外睡觉是如此的恐怖,以至于我们忍不住回忆起家里的床。在穿过一片湖时,我们中的一个人差点淹死。我们开始怀疑我们能否成功到达目的地。最后,我们在森林里迷路了,在救援人员的帮助下才回到家。今天,在讲述这个故事的时候,没有人能把这次冒险描绘成一件光荣的事。OnamistyAugustmorning,weheadedoutforourone-weekadventure.Wehadpreparedforitfor3days,sowethisadventure.Duringthefirst2days,weenjoyedthecoolbreezeandthefantasticcoastline.Then,theroughroads.Sleepinginthewildwas.,oneofuswasalmostdrowned.Wegottodoubt.Atlast,wegotlostintheforestandreturnedhomewiththehelpofrescuers.Today,whiletellingthestory,nobodycan.词形变化填空(每小题2分,共10分)Shehasbeensufferingfromthelossof__________sinceshehadthatcaraccident.Shecouldonly__________somethings,soshewrotedownthe__________eventinherdiary.(memory)Themansaveda__________ladywhotried__________herself.Butfortheman,theladywould__________.(drown)Throughmy