2019外研社版高中英语选修四 Unit 1 Looking forwards 知识清单(学生版)

阅读单词认读boyhoodn.correspondentn.bullfightingn.dotn.backwardsadv.divergev.undergrowthn.numerousadj.refreshmentsn.重点单词识记__________adv.最后,最终__________adj.复杂的__________n.(电视或电台的)商业广告__________n.可供选择的事物__________n.进退两难的境地,困境__________v.(由……)引起__________n.情况,情形__________adv.由衷地,真诚地,真心实意地__________n.(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间核心词汇拓展__________n.追求,理想;雄心;野心→__________adj.有雄心的;有野心的__________n.接受工作培训的人;实习生→__________n.运动鞋;教练员→__________v.培训;训练→__________n.培训,训练__________adj.(有关)历史的→__________n.历史→__________adj.历史上著名(或重要)的;有历史意义的→__________n.历史学家__________n.私家侦探→__________vt.发现;查明__________n.录取;允许进入(加入)→__________v.承认;准许进入__________n.参加,参与→__________vi.参加;参与→__________n.参与者;参加者__________adj.认真思考的,深思的→__________n.思想;想法__________v.象征,代表→__________n.符号;象征→__________n.象征主义__________n.混合;混合体;混合物→__________v.混合→__________adj.混合的;人员混杂的__________n.喜爱,钟爱;感情→__________v.影响;侵袭→__________n.效果;影响→__________adj.有效的__________adj.合格的,胜任的→__________n.资格;资历→__________vt.&vi.(使)有资格;(使)合格__________n.熟练,流利→__________adj.流利的→__________adv.流利地核心短语速记采取行动做出决定,拿定主意放过,放弃,错过(机会)havesecondthoughts推迟……,使……延期reject...outofhand权衡,仔细考虑comeone’sway面对被迫做某事takealeafoutof/fromone’sbook洞察;对……深刻理解onadailybasis由……引起回顾,回忆处于合适的位置;就位,到位mysteryn.神秘;神秘的事物nationalityn.国籍nationwideadj.全国范围的;全国性的negotiatevi.谈判;商议neighbourhood(美neighborhood)n.四邻;邻近地区nobleadj.高尚的;贵族的normaln.&adj.正常的(状态)nowadaysadv.当今;现在nurseryn.托儿所nutritionn.营养;营养品observevt.观察;遵守;庆祝obtainvt.得到Indesperation,Doylekilledoffthefamousdetectiveinanovelpublishedin1893sothathecouldfocusonhis“serious”writing.(sothat引导目的状语从句)绝望之下,道尔在1893年出版的一部小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探,这样他就可以专注于他的“严肃”作品。IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltime,notonlybecauseofitsnaturalstyle,butalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.(notonly...butalso...不但……而且……)事实上,它已经成为美国有史以来最著名的诗歌之一,不仅因为它的自然风格,而且因为它对人性的深入思考。WhenreadingTheRoadNotTaken,onecannothelpbutseeinone’smindimagesofapeacefulwooddeepwithinthecountryside.(can’thelpbutdosth)阅读《未选择的路》时,人们脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。Whetherbigorsmall,whatallourchoiceshaveincommonisthattheyleadtospecificconsequences.(whether...or...)无论大小,我们所有的选择都有一个共同点,那就是它们都会带来特定的结果。Likethewriter,allwecandoislookbackwards“withasigh”andimaginewhatcouldhavebeen.(省略to的动词不定式作表语)就像作者一样,我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”,幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。Whatif,inchoosingone,weareunknowinglyturningdownotherfutureopportunities？(Whatif...？假使……将会怎样？)如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会,那该怎么办？请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。ambition,dilemma,weighup,makeupone’smind,passupMybiggest1.__________inmyboyhoodwastobeacorrespondentandtobeabletocovereventsaroundtheworld.Tothisend,I2.__________tostudyhardandactivelyparticipatedinvariousactivitiesorganizedbyourschool.Ultimately,Iwasadmittedtothejournalismmajoratafamousuniversity.Duringmycollegelife,Ididnumerouspart-timejobsanddealtwithcomplexsituations.Ididn’t3.__________anychancetostudyandpracticetomakemyselfaqualifiedjournalist.However,aftergraduation,Iwasfacedwithtwoalternatives.Iwasina4.__________becausemygirlfriendinsistedthatI(should)gotoapublishinghousewithherandthatIwritedetectivestoriesorhistoricalnovelstocatertothetastesofyoungpeople.Inthiscircumstance,I5.__________theprosandconsanddecidedtoacceptmygirlfriend’sadvice.Afteryearsofhardwork,manyofmyworkshavebeenpublishedandIhavemadegreatachievementsinthefieldofliterature.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇participationn.参加;参与(participatevi.参加;参与participantn.参加者;参与者)participatein参加;参与participatewithsbinsth与某人一起参与某事Urgedbytheteacher,numerous__________(participate)activelyparticipated__________theEnglishspeechcontest.Their__________(participate)inspiredtherestoftheclasstostudyhard.那些想参加比赛的人应在5月21日前交上相关材料。(应用文写作之通知)Thosewhowantto__________thecompetitionaresupposedtopresentrelevantmaterialsbeforeMay21.为了增加户外活动的参与度,我们学校于9月10日组织了一项活动——攀登泰山。(话题写作之活动安排),ourschoolorganizedanactivity—climbingMountTaionSeptember10.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的;非传统的(alternativelyadv.可供选择地)analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternativebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth有做某事的选择Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事。Toreducepollution,wehumanbeingshavenoalternativebut__________(choose)somecleanresources.Forexample,solarenergyisanalternative__________fossilfuel.Let’stakeaction！Ifyoudon’tliketheschoollunch,youhavethealternativeof__________(bring)yourown.Underthiscircumstance,Icouldcometoyourhouse,or__________(alternative),wecouldmeetintown.Wecannotchoosebuttakeimmediateactiontostoppollution.→Forus,.(用alternative改写)inthefaceof面对toone’sface当着某人的面facetoface面对面loseface丢脸befacedwith面临faceupto勇于面对/接受……用face的相关短语填空：WhenI’m_______________withapolarbear,Ilikeittobethroughacamerawithatelephotolens.(2020·浙江)Hehascourageandisthoughtful_______________challengesandmisunderstandings.Shehadto_______________thefactthatshewouldneverwalkagain.Becausewewerefacedwithsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime._______________makeupone’smind做出决定,拿定主意changeone’smind改变主意readone’smind看出某人的心思fix/keepone’smindon...把注意力集中在……上bear/keepsthinmind记住某事nevermind没关系;不要紧Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheir__________(mind)totakeupthechallenge.Youshouldberesponsibleforyourselfandkeepyourambition__________mind.Oncehe,nothingcan.Hewillwhatheisdoinguntilheachieveshisgoal.——我猜,你想去打网球。——你猜到我的心思了。我也正是那么想的。—Iguessyouwanttoplaytennis.—You.That’sexactlywhatIwasthinkingtoo.用法点拨makeupone’smind和changeone’smind中的mind随one’s的单复数变化而变化。putoff使……延期;推迟……putaway把……收起来,放好;储存putaside储存;把……放在一边;忽视;不理睬putforward提出(意见、建议等)putupwith忍受,忍耐putup张贴;搭建;留宿putout熄灭;扑灭;关(灯)Isincerelyadvisechildrentoput__________someoftheirpocketmoney.Inthatcase,wewillhavetolearntostandsomeofhisshortcomingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.→Inthatcase,wewillhavetolearnto__________someofhisshortcomingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.有人提建议说我们应当循环利用教科书。Asuggestion__________thatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.他们冲下车,搭起帐篷,舒适地坐在草地上,欣赏着周围美妙的景象。(读后续写之动作链描写)Theydashedoutofthecar,andsettleddownonthegrass,enjoyingthesurroundingbreathtakingsights.notonly...butalso...IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltime,notonlybecauseofitsnaturalstyle,butalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.事实上,它已经成为美国有史以来最著名的诗歌之一,不仅因为它的自然风格,而且因为它对人性的深入思考。notonly...butalso...不但……而且……,连接两个平行结构。当连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词要根据butalso后的名词决定单复数(就近原则);而且notonly位于句首时,notonly后面的句子要用部分倒装,butalso后面的句子不倒装。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher__________(be)satisfiedwiththeschedule.Meanwhile,notonly__________(do)shepreparedinnersforfamilymembersbutalsoundertakesallthehousework.(应用文写作之人物描写)这次活动不仅丰富了我们的课外生活,也让我们体会到劳动的意义。(2020·全国Ⅱ,书面表达)Theactivitythesignificanceoflabour.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)Participationinapost-visitsurveyisrequired.需要参与访问后调查。(2022·全国甲)Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.我们似乎无法决定我们是想要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统城市。(2022·全国乙)Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?一对夫妇和两个12岁以下的孩子要支付多少入场费？(2020·天津)Together,thesedeephumanurgescountformuchmorethanambition.总之,这些人类内部的推动力比野心重要的多。(2020·天津)Wecan’tputoffbuyinganewprinterforourcompany.Theonewehavedoesn’twork.我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机了。我们现有的这台坏了。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍shiftA.n.值班B.v.改变C.v.挪动；转移Forsomekids,allyouhavetodoisshiftoneelementoftheirdiet.Sheaskedwhetheryoucouldhelphershiftsomefurnitureinagentlevoice.Don’twaitforme.Iwillbeonthedayshift.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。ItissituatedontheYarraRiver,oppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex.__________Itwasverythoughtfulofyoutosendtheflowers.__________核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Becausewewerepuzzledaboutsome__________(participate)rules,welostthegame.__________thefaceofanewchallenge,weshouldnotonlybebrave,butalsobepassionate.Notonly__________(be)mothersnotpaidbutalsomostoftheirboringordifficultworkisunnoticed.Togainamorepreciseestimationofthedata,wedecidetoput__________themeeting.Hearingthenews,wecan’thelpbut__________(accept)thereality.Thepoemrevealsaparent’s__________(affect)forherchildwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.__________withwind,therainwasfallingontomyface,whichmademehavea__________oflonelinessandsweetness.(mix)Aseriesofaccidents__________(arise)asaresultoftheiceonthestreettheotherday.Hewas__________(qualify)andnoonequestionedhiscompetenceasadoctor.Underthese__________(circumstance),youmightagreewithusthatnothingismoreimportantthanhisreputation.单句写作——应用文增分练(邀请朋友参加羽毛球比赛)当得知我们学校将举行羽毛球比赛时,我决定邀请你来参加。(makeupone’smind)你不仅羽毛球打得好而且富有团队精神。(notonly...butalso...)我们学生每天下午5：00－6：00在学校体育馆一起练习,以便我们可以为观众提供一场精彩的比赛。(sothat)在这种情况下,我们所能做的就是努力训练并团结协作。(circumstance;省略to的不定式)我真诚地希望你能接受我的邀请。(sincerely)微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写takeaction采取行动admissionn.允许进入(加入);录取→admitv.承认;准许进入makeupone’smind做出决定,拿定主意passup放过,放弃,错过(机会)putoff推迟……,使……延期weighup权衡;仔细考虑participationn.参加;参与→participatevi.参加;参与人物描写traineen.接受工作培训的人;实习生correspondentn.通讯员,记者detectiven.私家侦探ambitionn.追求,理想;雄心,野心→ambitiousadj.有雄心的,有野心的thoughtfuladj.认真思考的;沉思的qualifiedadj.合格的;胜任的sincerelyadv.由衷地,真诚地,真心实意地其他描写词汇ultimatelyadv.最后;最终complexadj.复杂的numerousadj.许多的,很多的dilemman.进退两难的境地,窘境[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。托尼(Tony)是一家国际公司的实习生,他下定决心有朝一日要被公司正式录取。他努力工作,从不放过任何展示自己能力的机会。幸运的是,他所做的事情得到了负责人的认可,使他有可能实现自己的梦想。最终,考验来了。虽然托尼认为自己能胜任这个职位,但他仍感到坐立不安。负责人经过深思熟虑后,宣布消息：托尼考虑周到,能力出众,获得正式录用。Tony,atraineeinaninternationalcompany,oneday.Heworkedhard,neverpassingupanyopportunitytoshowhisabilities.Fortunately,whathedidwasrecognizedbythepersonincharge,.Ultimately,therecamethetest.AlthoughTonythoughthetheposition,hefeltlikesittingonpinsandneedles.Afterweighingupinhismind,thepersoninchargeannouncedthenewsthatTony.词形变化填空(每小题2分,共16分)Hewasan__________boyandhis__________wastobecomeadetective.(ambition)Theyexpectedallthetraineesto__________intheactivityand__________shouldbeactiveinshowingtheiradvantages.(participate)FluencyinEnglishisanecessary__________forthisjob.Luckily,heis__________forit.(qualify)Insomeparents’view,gaining__________,orbeing__________toakeyuniversityisakeytofuturesuccess.(admit)Theboy__________vinegarwithsugar,butthe__________tastednotsobad.(mix)I__________thatheisinterestedinstories,__________storiesinparticular.(detect)Ifyoudon’tknowthe__________backgroundofthe__________flight,youcanturntothe_______