2021年高考英语（北京卷）基础知识积累与运用（原卷版）

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）基础知识积累与运用完形填空基础词汇考查与积累takeatriphomebytrain_____________________oppositeamiddleagedman__________________sharpeyes______________onone’slap_____________adjustascarf_______________wearon_______________managetodo______________wave_____________stareat_______________dropoff______________grab______________inpanic_______________astonished______________bother_____________monitor(v.)_____________embarrassed______________drag_____________rock(v.)_____________alarm______________sorrow______________relief_____________confused_____________concerned_____________词性转换immediateadv._________________adjustn.________________angryadv._____________;n._____________noiseadj._______________realn.______________reliefadj.______________高考真题改编之语法填空Igotaseatoppositeamiddleagedmanwithsharpeyes，___________keptwatchingayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap．Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunity_____________(climb)outofthewindow,soIhavebeenwatchingallthetime.语法填空基础词汇考查与积累diverse______________asideeffect_______________sort(v.)______________link...to...______________o...______________eacross____________anelderlywoman____________wander____________aconveniencestore___________adramaticrise______________naturaldisasters_____________resultin_____________economicloss______________dueto_____________climate______________critical______________extremeweatherevents____________________词性转换pleteadv._______________diversen._______________experienceadj._____________connectadj.____________;n.____________safeadv._____________extremeadv._____________largeadv._____________globeadj._____________convenientn.______________losen._____________investn.______________preventn._______________majorn.______________findn.______________阅读A篇基础词汇考查与积累inthefieldof...___________ideal______________holdamaster’sdegree__________applicant_____________agraduateprogram_____________assignment____________technicalinstitution_______haveagoodmandof_________officerelatedsoftware_________adaptto____________possessinterpersonalandmunicationskills_____________________obtain____________visa____________arrange_______________finance(v.)____________internship_____________medicalinsurance_____________proof____________aprehensivehealthinsurance_________________atargetcountry__________insurancecoverage______________upto______________indicate____________motivation_____________medicalcertificate_____________access(v.)_____________fillouttheapplicationform___________________athand____________respondto______________candidate_____________contact(v.)____________update______________fluent_____________getaccesstothedatabase____________________training____________词性转换applyn.______________requiren._____________adaptn._____________possessn._____________preparen.______________arrangen.______________locaten._____________medicineadj._____________entireadv._____________limitadj._____________selectn.____________;adj.______________fluentn._____________financeadj._____________insuren._____________respondn._____________motivaten._____________三．一词多义(将下列斜体字的含义写在横线上)1.apply,原文：Whocanapply？谁可以申请？BythetimeIsawthejobadvertised,itwastoolatetoapply.______________Thediscountappliesonlytochildrenundertheageoften._____________Applythecreamtoexposedareaseverythreehoursandafterswimming._____________Youcansolveanyproblemifyouapplyyourself.______________原文：Applicantsarerequiredtopresentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution.申请者被要求呈递一份来自于技术机构的信。Theypresentedasumofmoneytothecharitableorganizationtohelpthehomeless.____________Thisjobpresentsmanydifficultiestothenewrecruit._____________Everyonepresentweledthedecision._____________Thegamehasexistedinitspresentfromformorethan300years._____________Iamlookingforabirthdaypresentformymother,butIdidn’tfindanysuitable._____________Iamusuallytooimmersedtothepresenttoworryaboutthefuture.______________四．高考真题改编之语法填空1.Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork__________themanager.2.Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybefore___________(fill)outtheapplicationform.3.If__________(select)，youwillbecontactedbyamanager．五．写作积累与练习YoushouldhaveagoodmandofeitherEnglishorFrench．你应该熟悉掌握英语或者法语。Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofofficerelatedsoftware．你必须熟悉掌握办公室相关的软件。Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandmunicationskills．你应该拥有强的人际交往技巧。练习1：熟悉掌握英语和办公室相关软件可以使你胜任这份工作。__________________________________________________________________________________练习2：我拥有强的人际交往技巧以及积极的人生态度，所以，我可以胜任这份工作。__________________________________________________________________________________阅读B篇基础词汇考查与积累informsb.of/about...__________anonprofitorganization____________representative__________somewhat____________project______________supply____________withouthesitation___________rewarding_____________collectitems____________eventually______________losesightof______________focuson____________ithitsb.that..._____________getagoodgrade______________overseas____________inthebeginning____________makeadifference______________nowthat____________furtherone’seducation________initialplans_______________involve____________liveuptoone’sexpectations___________________image____________ment_____________influence______________underrateone’spotential_____________词性转换introducen._____________organizationv.______________impressadj.____________;n.____________detailadj.______________poweradj._____________hesitaten._______________varyadj._______________imaginen._______________realizen._______________beginn.______________三．一词多义(将下列斜体字的含义写在横线上)affect原文：Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten．既然我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且是十个人的生活。Bothbuildingswerebadlyaffectedbythebigfire.______________Iwasdeeplyaffectedbythefilm.______________Thedroughtaffectedlocalfarmersandmarketgardeners._____________四．高考真题改编之语法填空1.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair（绝望）andneed___________Ijoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation．2.___________thebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson．五．长难句分析WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected，ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild．阅读C篇基础词汇的考查与积累academic(n.)______________soundawarning____________humanity____________engage_____________globalcollapse_____________widespread___________credible_____________survey___________foodinsecurity______________extremeweatherevents_________________freshwatershortage____________species_____________beunderway____________publicengagement____________pandemic_____________economiccrises____________virus___________shutdownnations___________safetynets_____________disastrously______________lacking_____________flexibility______________scholar____________beconcernedwith...___________identifytrend_____________civilization_____________originator_____________ecologicalfootprint__________concept____________measure_____________maintainagivenlifestyle___________________current_____________decade_____________onlyif______________consequence______________severity_____________disturbance______________ignore_____________turnout_____________victim_____________incurable_____________signtheletter_____________issue____________makethebestof______________troubling_____________original_____________relevant______________Assforthepublicawarenessof....___________________scared_____________prioritized______________词性转换openadv.______________riskadj._____________globeadj.______________especialadv.______________advanceadj.______________safen._____________warnn.______________totaladv._____________certainadv.______________possibleadv.______________discussn.______________harmadj._____________reducen.______________scienceadj._____________三．熟词生义(翻译句子，并写出黑体词的含义)Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas“acrediblescenario（情景）thiscentury”．project,____________翻译：___________________________________________________________________________四．长难句分析1.Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygermaneinthismomentofstilluncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations．2.Notverylongago，itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility．阅读D篇基础词汇考查与积累philosopher____________theorize______________vary_____________measure____________stateoftheart____________advancedphysics____________decisively____________whatif_____________intermsof_____________astronomy_____________relate...to..._____________ecology____________increasingly_______________beawareof..._____________reflect_____________conceptualize_____________anewapproach_____________circumstance_____________asaresultof_____________globalwarming____________flow______________besensitiveto_____________atthepresentrate_____________programme(v.)_____________onaverage____________aheadofstandardtime_________theoppositeeffects___________register_____________shorttermirregularity____________longtermtrend____________dynamic___________observatory____________reveal_____________witness____________opt_____________inharmonywith____________inrelationto____________atomictime____________encounter____________imbalance____________motivate___________counteract_____________consumefuel____________policy____________novel(adj.)____________naturalphenomena__________forinstance______________officialcalendar____________shiftdates_____________vital____________likewise___________inability____________define____________highlight______________adefinedcontext__________valid____________praiseworthy_____________presentanassumption___________________crucial____________definition_____________afixedframe_____________shape(v.)_____________词性转换famousadv._______________dependadj.____________;n.____________absoluteadv.______________consideradj.____________;n._____________balanceadj.______________totaladv.______________environmentadj._______________localadv.______________behaven.______________agricultureadj.______________surviven._____________awaren.____________admitn.____________meaningadj._____________assumen._____________arguen._____________三．熟词生义(翻译句子，并写出黑体词的含义)1.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevariesdependingonwhereyoumeasureit．wrinkle,____________翻译：________________________________________________________________________________2.Theclockregistersbothshorttermirregularitiesandlongtermtrendsinriverdynamics．register,___________翻译：________________________________________________________________________________四．高考真题改编之语法填空1.We'renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers，___________aresensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges．2.Thissortofobservatoryallowsus___________(witness)thosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.五．长难句分析It'sasortofobservatorythatrevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe（时间框架），andallowsustowitnessthosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.阅读理解七选五一．基础词汇考查与积累anenjoyablepastime___________behindthescenes____________distractone’smind__________lowerstressandanxietylevels_____________________priorto___________validity____________assess_____________tie...to..._____________bloodpressure____________bloodsugarlevel____________whenitesto...__________tempo___________participant_____________monitorheartrates__________followsuit______________arangeofhealthissues_____________resultin_______________offthewall______________scientificbacking____________implication___________overallwellbeing____________individualized_____________词性转换enjoyadj.______________healthadj.______________benefitadj.______________similaradv._____________anxiousn.____________Europeadj._____________valueadj.____________scienceadj._____________impressadj.____________三．高考真题改编之语法填空1.____________(interesting)，themorecheerfulthemusicwas，thefastertheirheartrateswere．2.Whenthemusicslowed，theparticipants'stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffects_________heartratesappearedtofollowsuit．四．长难句分析Whenitestohearthealth，thereisspeculation（推测）thatit'snotthestyleofmusic，butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth．五．写作积累与练习1.Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed．在晚上，很多人睡前享受放松的音乐。isteningtojust30minutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels，throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety．每天就听30分钟轻柔的音乐可以通过压力和焦虑的减轻，来促进健康的血糖水平。Bydistracting（分心）themindfromthepain,music,peop