2023学年完整公开课版定语从句1(灏)

Relativeclause定语从句

RelativeClause:

定语从句指在从句中起定语作用，并修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。Theboyishandsome.TheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.Attributiveclause定语从句先行词handsometallstrongclevernaughtyTheboyisTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoishandsomeisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTomTheboy

whoisnaughtyisTom.

TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.

TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主语)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.

TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.

Thewomangotthejob.

ThewomancanspeakRussian.Thewoman

whocanspeakRussian

gotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.

Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.

(宾语)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.

Theboyisinthelab.

Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalkto

isinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalk

isinthelab.

Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.

Heistheteacher.Theteachercanspeak

French.HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.

Doyouknowtheman?

Hecametovisityoutoday.Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?

Theladysteppedonhisfoot.

Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.

Doyouknowtheman?

Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?关系代词:

1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.which指物，作主语或宾语

(作宾语可省略,

如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）

heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?

Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.

Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich

iseatingherflowers.

Canyoulendmethebook?

Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhich

youtalkedlastnight?Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?

that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.

注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatIsthisthelibrary?Youborrowbooksfromthelibrary.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibrary(that)youborrowbooksfrom?

that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething

(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Theytalkedofthingsandpersons

thattheyremembered.

that可指人,

但是当句中已有who时，用that而不用who。WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.(2)Thedressisnew.

Sheiswearingit.(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamous

whointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.

whichØ

(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfil