考研《英语一》2023年湟源县统考试题含解析

考研《英语一》2023年湟源县统考试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Twoyearsago，myfriendandIwereatcollege.Withhisbirthdayquickly1，hecametomewithanunusual2:insteadofreceivingpresents，hewantedtodosomeactsofkindness.Iwas3withsuchallidea.4insteadoftakingforthebirthdaywasreallydifferent.Iaskedhimhowhecouldcomeupwithsucha5idea.HetoldmeaboutaTEDtalkhehadwatchedongenerosity.whichhad6him.Sowestartedto7creativethingswecoulddo.Ouruniversityemployedsomesecurityguardsto8itsstudents.Theyhavetowork9，keepingwatchoneverycornerthroughouttheuniversity.Forthemostpartit'sathanklessjobasmostpeoplegrow10toseeingtheguardsallaroundandeventuallybarelynoticetheir11，letaloneacknowledgetheirefforts.Howcouldweshowthemourappreciation?Wedecidedtomakealargepotofhot12.WehiredaUberandaskedthedrivertotakeusaroundthecampuswhereweknewthe13wouldbeandwepouredthemeachacupofhotchocolate.TheUberdriverwas14abitdoubtfultotheentireplanbutafterawhilehewashelpingus15theguardsandourlivelyspirithad16tohimaswell.Weweremetwithmany17andappreciativewords.Itwasamazingtoseehowa18actorevenintentionofgenerositycanlifteveryone’sspirit.Inowrealizethatspecialenergyiscreatedwhenyouchoosetothinkbiggerthanyourselfandactin19ofothers.You’llfindit'sactuallythegreatest20you’neverget，especiallywhenit’syourbirthday.1、A．ending B．passing C．advancing D．approaching2、A．order B．request C．problem D．story3、A．struck B．blessed C．burdened D．bored4、A．Refusing B．Earning C．Giving D．Donating5、A．traditional B．complex C．familiar D．novel6、A．controlled B．supported C．inspired D．rewarded7、A．planout B．takeover C．watchfor D．holdback8、A．judge B．help C．monitor D．protect9、A．stepbystep B．aroundtheclock C．moreorless D．nowandthen10、A．addicted B．devoted C．attached D．accustomed11、A．presence B．hunger C．poverty D．thirsty12、A．tea B．milk C．porridge D．chocolate13、A．workers B．students C．guards D．drivers14、A．finally B．initially C．occasionally D．frequently15、A．remind B．track C．spot D．recognize16、A．spread B．moved C．happened D．returned17、A．friends B．difficulties C．greetings D．smiles18、A．similar B．small C．daily D．modest19、A．service B．place C．charge D．memory20、A．1esson B．attention C．gift D．careSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TheeditorofthenewCoolCampingBritainguidechoosessomeofhisfavoritenewfindsinEngland,WalesandScotland.Cleadale,IsleofEigg,InnerHebridesIsthisBritain’smostbeautifulcampsite?Fromthegrassypointlookingseawardtothemountains,it’snothardforcamperstoseehowtheislandinspiredTheLordoftheRingsauthor’sfantasylandscapes.Thecampsiteitselfisaswildandwonderfulasitssetting.OpenApril—September,from￡5pertentpernight.Swattesfield,ThornhamMagna,SuffolkDeepinthewildsofnorthSuffolk,thisseven-acrecampsitehasonlybeenopenforafewyears,withtwofieldsseparatedbyalakeandsurroundedbywoodland.Thepositionisperfect.It’sagreatplacetodonothingbutgetintonature.Youcanputupyourtentinthebottomfieldorthewoodlandbeyond.OpenEaster—October,from￡10pertentpernight.PleasantStreamsFarm,nearStAustell,CornwallThissite,byalake,isallaboutsimplepleasures.Locatedintheformerminingvillage,ithasasummerhouse（凉亭）withbooksandgamesforarainyday.Therearemanyanimalsincludingpigs,hens,goatsandducksonthefarmandapubjusta10-minutestrollaway.There’sverylittletodohere,nobellsandnowhistles.Campfiresareencouraged.OpenEaster—September,from￡10pertentpernight.TroytownCampsite,StAgnes,IslesofSciilyItsonlycampsite,Troytown,couldn’tbeinamoreremoteposition.Isolationisitsgreatestadvantage—sobringplentyofbookstoreadanddon’texpectaphonesignal.Butatleastoneoflife’snecessitiesisavailable.LyingonthehillsideoverlookingthebayandneartheislandoftheGugh,itmightjustwintheprizeforbestbeergardenviewinEngland.OpenMarch--October,from￡7.50pertentpernight,1、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutCleadale,IsleofEigg,InnerHebrides?A．Ithasbeenopenforafewyears. B．Abeautifullakesurroundsit.C．Itoffersthelongestservice. D．Therentofatentpernightisthelowest.2、Whichplacecanyouchooseifyoulikeasimplefarmlife?A．Cleadale,IsleofEigg,InnerHebrides.B．Swattesfield,ThornhamMagna,Suffolk.C．PleasantStreamsFarm,nearStAustell,Cornwall.D．TroytownCampsite,StAgnes,IslesofScilly.3、InTroytownCampsite,StAgnes,IslesofScilly,youcan’t________.A．contactothersbyphones B．viewthebayfromthehillsideC．geteverydaynecessities D．relaxyourselfbyreadingText2Twenty-fiveyearsago,asaparenteducator,Ibeganreadingaboutthedangersofpraise.IwascompletelyshockedbywhatIwaslearning:praiseisnotgoodforourkids.Howcouldthatbe?SoIspentyearstalkingwithexperts,readingabouttheeffectsofpraise,andfinallydecidedtoclosethedooronpraiseandfocusonbuildinganencouragingfamily.Eventoday,withmanystudiesavailabletoparents,Istillhearpeoplesay,“Howcanthatbe?Howcansaying‘Goodjob’or‘You’resmart’bebad?”Iunderstand.Itcanbeadifficulthabittobreak.Ifwetellaboy“Youaresosmart!”whenhebringshomeanAinhismathtest,howdoeshefeelwhenhecomeshomewithaD?Ifwe’vetoldhimthatheissmart,thenhewillmorelikelyfeelafailurewhenhestruggleswithhomework—“I’msupposedtobesmart.Whycan’tIdothis?”Praisetrainschildrentodependonconstantfeedbackonwhata“greatjob”theyaredoing.Thisdependencyshattersratherthanbuildschildren’sconfidence.Praisetrainschildrentoask,“Doyoulikeit?”“DidIdoagoodjob?”“Areyouproudofme?”Theybegintobelievethatwhatothersthinkismoreimportantthanwhattheythinkabouttheirachievementsandmistakes.Praisebreakstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Withoutevenrealizingit,parentsmaybeusingpraiseasatooltodirectthechild’sbehavior.Themessageisclear—Iapproveofyouwhenyou…andIdonotapproveofyouwhenyou…Livingwiththiskindofconstantjudgmentcandamagenotonlythechild’sconfidencebutalsotherelationship.Thesolutiontotheproblemofpraiseisencouragement.Encouragementcanbegivenatanytime,toanyone,inanysituation.Itisacomment,anacknowledgment,astatementthatfocusesoneffort,improvementorchoice.Hearing“Youaresosmart!”canleaveachildatalosswhentheydon’tdowellinatest.Using“ThattookalotofworktocomehomewithanAinyourtest…”givesachildthechancetobesomethingelse.1、Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Manyparentscan’tgetonwellwiththeirchildren.B．Theauthornevershowsanyapprovaltohischildren.C．It’shardformanyparentstobelievepraiseisharmful.D．Theauthorspent25yearschangingpeople’sopiniononpraise.2、Accordingtothepassage,itseemsthatparents’praise______.A．canleadtochildren’sbeingsmartB．mighthavejusttheoppositeeffectC．isagoodtooltoeducatetheirchildrenD．helpsthemgetalongwellwiththeirchildren3、Whichofthefollowingisagoodexampleofencouragement?A．Youareverygoodatmath.B．YouarethebestartistIhaveeverseen.C．Youhaveaproblemandyouhavetofixit.D．Youdidn’tthinkyoucouldfinishintime,butyoudid.Text3Imaginewakinguponedayandfindingthatyourbeautifullocalbeachisnomore—gone,itsfinewhitesandsweptawaybyanabnormalstorm.Yougoaboutyourdailybusinessfor12longyearsandthensuddenlythebeachisback,allitsgloryrestoredbyanotherstorm.ThisiswhathappenedontheislandofAchill,offthecoastofIreland,wherepeoplearecelebratingthereturnofthebeautifulAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.Thatinitselfisunusualenough,butthestorygetsevenbetter!Yousee,anotherbeachinAchilldidadisappearingactonce,buttookmuchlongertoreturn.ThebeachatDoonagh,locatedonlysixmilesawayfromAshleamBay,wasrestoredearlierin2016afterwavescreatedbyspringstormshadsweptawayallthesandin1984,leavingjustrockpoolsbehind.ThereislocallegendthatstretchesbackhundredsofyearsthatsaysthisbeachatAshlcamBayreturnsforashorteverysevenyearsthendisappearsagain.Butthistimearoundittookabitlongerthanthat.Itwaslastseenin2005anditstayedforafewmonthsatthattimebeforeitwaswashedawayagain.Asyoucanimagine,everyoneontheislandofAchillisthrilledtohavetheirsandybeachback,andeventhoughnooneknowshowlongit’sgoingtobearoundfor,theyaremakingthemostofthetimethey’vegotbeforeitdisappearsagain.Somemaybequicktobelieveclimatechangescausethephenomenon,butthat’snotthereasonthesetwobeachesinAchillkeepdisappearing,DrKevinLynch,ageographeratNUTGalway,saysthattheseoccurrencesaretheresultofhydrodynamics(流体力学)andsediment(沉积物)supply,ratherthanclimatechanges.Regardlessofwhat’scausingthem,disappearingandreappearingbeachesarejustpartofwhatmakesnaturesofascinating.1、Whatispeople’sreactiontothereturnoftheAshleamBaybeach?A．Fulloffear.B．Quitedelighted.C．Verydisappointed.D．Extremelyconfused.2、WhatcanwelearnaboutthebeachatDoonagh?A．ItisnotlocatedinIreland.B．Itdisappeared12yearsago.C．Itoncedisappearedformorethan30years.D．Itisjustmadeupofrocksandpools.3、Accordingtothelocallegend,whenshouldtheAshleamBaybeachhavecomeback?A．In1982.B．In2012.C．In2016.D．In2018.4、WhatdoesDrKevinLynchthinkofthephenomenon?A．Someabnormalstormsleadtoocean’senlargement,B．Itishardtouncoverthemysteryofbeach’sdisappearing.C．Climatechangescanresultinbeachesdisappearingcompletely.D．Hydrodynamicsandsedimentsupplycausetwobeachestodisappear.Text4AgainstthesuppositionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiawarmtheclimate,scientistshavediscoveredthatcoolingmayoccurinareaswhereburnttreesallowmoresnowtomirrormoresunlightintospace.Thisfindingsuggeststhattakingstepstopreventnorthernforesttolimitthereleaseofgreenhousegasesmaywarmtheclimateinnorthernregions.Usuallylargefiresdestroyedforestsintheseareasoverthepastdecade.Scientistspredictthatwithclimatewarming,firesmayoccurmorefrequentlyovernextseveralcenturiesasaresultofalongerfireseason.Sunlighttakeninbytheearthtendstocausewarming,whileheatmirroredbackintospacetendstocausecooling.Thisisthefirststudytoanalyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimate.Earlierstudiesbyotherscientistshavesuggestedthatfireinnorthernregionsspeedupclimatewarmingbecausegreenhousegasesfromburningtreesandplantsarereleasedintotheatmosphereandthustrapheat.Scientistsfoundthatrightafterthefire,largeamountsofgreenhousegasesenteredtheatmosphereandcausedwarming.Ozone（臭氧）levelsincreased,andashfromthefirefellonfar-offseaice,darkeningthesurfaceandcausingmoreradiationfromthesuntobetakenin.Thefollowingspring,however,thelandwithintheareaofthefirewasbrighterthanbeforethefire,becausefewertreescoveredtheground.Snowonthegroundmirroredmoresunlightbackintospace,leadingtocooling.“Weneedtofindoutallpossiblewaystoreducethegrowthofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.”Scientiststrackedthechangeinamountofradiationenteringandleavingtheclimatesystemasaresultofthefire,andfoundameasurementcloselyrelatedtotheglobalairtemperature.Typically,fireinnorthernregionsoccursinthesameareaevery80to150years.Scientists,however,foundthatwhenfireoccursmorefrequently,moreradiationislostfromtheearthandcoolingresults.Specifically,theydeterminedwhenfirereturns20yearsearlierthanpredicated,0.5wattspersquaremeterofareaburnedaresoakedupbytheearthfromgreenhousegases,but0.9wattspersquaremeterwillbesentbackintospace.Theneteffectiscooling.Wattsareusedtomeasuretherateatwhichenergyisgainedorlostfromtheearth.1、Accordingtothenewfindings,takingstepstopreventnorthernforestfiresmay_______.A．resultinawarmingclimateB．causetheforestfirestooccurmorefrequentlyC．leadtoalongerfireseasonD．protecttheforestsandtheenvironmentthere2、ThefollowingarealltheimmediateeffectsafteraforestfireEXCEPT_________.A．largeamountsofgreenhousegasesentertheatmosphereB．thelevelsofozonewhichisatypeofoxygenincreaseC．snowonthegroundmirrorsmoresunlightbackintospaceD．ashesfromthefirefallontheicesurfaceandtakeinmoreradiationfromthesun3、Earlierstudiesaboutnorthernforestfires_________.A．analyzeallaspectsofhownorthernfiresinfluenceclimateB．indicatethatforestfireswillpollutetheatmosphereC．suggestthatpeopleshouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentD．suggestthatthefireswillspeedupclimatewarming4、Theunderlinedphrase“soakup”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A．released B．absorbedC．created D．distributed5、FromthepassagewecandrawaconclusionthatforestfiresinAlaska,CanadaandSiberiamay__________.A．warmtheclimateasthesuppositiongoesB．allowmoresnowtoreflectmoresunlightintospaceandthuscooltheclimateC．destroylargeareasofforestsandpollutethefar-offseaiceD．helptogainmoreenergyratherthanreleasemoreenergyPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Hi!Mynameis“computer”,andIwasborn1．2．Intheearlyyears,Idevelopedvery3．(slow)Later,Iwaschangedalot4．thehelpofpeopleMymemorybecamesolarge5．Icouldn’tbelieveitButIwasalwayssolonely6．(stand)therebymyselfSincethe1970s,Ihavebecomeimportantin7．(communicate)Ilovebeingusedtoconnectthepeople8．aren’tcloseenoughtospeaktoeachotherInaddition,Ihavebeenputintorobots,andIhaveevenbeen9．(send)toexploretheMoonandMarsAnyhow,mygoalis10．(provide)humanswithalifeofhighqualityNow,Iamfilledwith11．(happy)InHangzhou,borrowingbooksfromthelibraryisnowassimpleasshoppingonline:click,pay1．waitfordeliveryThecity’spubliclibraryrecentlylaunchedaprogramonWeChat,2．popularChinesemessagingsoftware,enablingitsreaderstocheckoutbooksonlineandgetthem3．(deliver)totheirhomesatlowpricesToenjoythe“Hangzhouenjoyablereading”service,onefirstneedstofollowthelibrary’sofficialWeChataccount,4．providesalistofbooksAfterpickingbooks,borrowersarerequired5．(present)theinformationsuchastheirlibrarymembershipcards,cellphonenumbersandsoonTheselecteditemswillbedeliveredbyexpresswithinthreedaysafterpaymentsEachreadercanborrowupto5booksonceand20booksatmost6．totalThebookscanbeborrowedforupto40daysReadersnowcanborrowthelibrary’smostpopularbooksinthiswayTheonlinebookswillberenewedandenriched7．(gradual)accordingtoreaders’borrowinghabitsand8．(prefer)AttheendofDecember,thelibrary’soldandclassicbooks9．(put)onlinetoo,makingthetotalnumberofbooksavailableandbringingborrowersalotof10．(convenient)SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Kidslovetogoonline.Thereissomuchtoexploreandlearn.1、Theanswertothequestionisasdifficultasdeterminingatwhatageachildcanbeleftathomebythemselves,sinceallchildrenaredifferent.Herearesomequestionstoaskyourselftodeterminewhatisrightforyourchild.2、Ofcoursewhenyouaretryingtodetermineifyoucanlethimorhergoonline,yourchildhasprobablyalreadysaid,“I’mready;Icanhandleit.”Butarethey?3、Howwouldtheyhandlethematerialiftheyranacrossitbyaccident?4、Doesyourchildquestionotherpeople’sactions?Dotheyeasilybelieveanythingthatispresentedtothem?Itisanimportantquestiontoasktodetermineifyourchildisreadytogoonlinealone.Haveyoutaughtthemwhatthedangersare?5、.Haveyouexplainedtothemthattherearepeopleouttherethatmightwanttodothemharm?Itisadangerousworldoutthere.Ifyouaregoingtoletthemwanderaroundintheonlineworld,theyneedtobepreparedforwhattheymightseeorruninto.A．Youmaybethinkingthisisastrangequestiontoaskyourself.B．Isyourchildeasytocheat?C．Therearealotofdangersonline.D．Aretheyreadytogoonlinebythemselves?E.Isyourchildskilledinusingacomputer?F.Unfortunatelythereisalotofunpleasantmaterialonline.G.Atwhatageshouldyouallowyourchildtogoonlinealone?TVtimecancausealosstoyourchild'snutrition.Why?Manykidsspendagreatamountoftimeinfrontofthetelevision.1、Someofthefoodssho