2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit4AdversityandCourage学生用书新人教版选择性必修第三册

选择性必修第三册UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE过基础·语基落实(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意1．adversityn.____________2．expeditionn.____________3．vigourn.____________4．cupboardn.____________5．stewardn.____________6．stoven.____________7．miserableadj.____________8．cosyadj.____________9．barkvi.&n.____________10．rugbyn.____________11．batn.____________vi.&vt.____________12．nephewn.____________13．corporateadj.____________14．motorn.____________adj.____________Ⅱ.写其形1．________n．工资2．________adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)3．________n．毯子4．________n.&vi.航海；航行5．________n．海军；海军部队6．________adj.脾气好的/坏的7．________adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的8．________n．(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人9．________n.家具10．________n．娱乐；消遣；游戏11．________adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的12．________n．动机；原因；目的13．________n．候选人；应试者14．________adj.潮湿的；湿气重的核心单词练透1．Friendsarenotbooks,yetbooksarefriends.Friendsmaybetrayyou,whilebooksarealways________(忠诚的)．2．WhenMaryconductedtheeveningpartyonthestage,hercolleagueslookedatherwith________(羡慕)．3．Whilewewereintheirhome,wehelpeddoa________(彻底的)cleaning,sweepingthefloorandtidyingthehouse.[2023·张家口市三模]4．ThereisafamoussayingbasedonChinesephilosophy：“________(味苦的)pillsmayhaveblessedeffects.”5．Underthe________(指导)ofourteacher，wefinishedtheexperimentperfectly.6．LearningthatIfailedintheexam，myheart________(下沉)．拓展单词用活【记全记牢】1．qualifyvt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→________adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→________n．资格；资历；资格证书2．endurevt.忍耐；容忍→________n．忍耐力；耐久力3．abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉迷于→________adj.被抛弃的；无约束的4．belongv．属于→________n.(pl.)财物；动产5．selfishadj.自私的→________adv.自私地→________n．自私自利6．resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚定的信念→________n．决议；解决；坚定7．corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社团的→________n.公司8．loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的→________n.忠诚；忠实9．advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→________n．广告活动；广告业→________n．广告【用准用活】10．He________metothedifficult________，soIcouldn'twasteanytime.(assign)11．TodayIamas________aboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmy________enablesmetotreatmyjob________．(enthusiastic)12．Believeitornot，myhusbandwas________tomeandhis________alwaysmademeinlowspirits.(cruel)13．________，hereceivedalarge________fromhisunclewhoiswarm-heartedandgenerous.(fortunate)14．He________himselftoworkingdayandnight.His________wonhimagreatreputation.(commit)15．He________withhisviolinlessons.Itwashis________thatenabledhimtobecomeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)16．Underthe________ofthequalified________，wetraveledaroundtheplacesofinterestveryhappily.(guide)(二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·兴趣高记全记牢1.____________拒绝(某人)2．____________生火3．____________放出(热、光、气味或气体)4．____________保持某人高昂的情绪5．____________使某人振作起来6．____________对……厌倦的7．____________回报某人8．____________困住；陷于9．____________对……热情10．____________坚持住；等一下；别挂断用准用活选用左栏短语填空1．Therottingbananasare____________abadsmell,soyou'dbetterthrowthemaway.2．Inthefaceofallthesedifficulties,weshouldnotbediscouragedbut______________.(劝慰信)3．Thehallwasfull,andhundredsoffanshadtobe________________．4．Theteacher'sencouragement________her________，andherfacelitupwithjoy.(读后续写之情感描写)5．Though____________thetrafficjam,hewasstillinagoodmoodatthethoughtofthecomingholiday.·会积累联想拓展·1．“旅行”名词家族①voyage航行；航海②tour(观光)旅行③travel旅行④journey(长途)旅行⑤trip(短途)旅行；外出⑥outing远足2．“真诚；诚实”家族①sincereadj.真诚的sincerelyadv.真诚地②genuineadj.真诚的；真心的genuinelyadv.真诚地；诚实地③heartyadj.亲切的；真诚的；热诚的④honestadj.诚实的；正直的3．你会“打电话”吗？①ringsb.up给某人打电话②callsb.up给某人打电话③givesb.aphone/call/ring给某人打电话④call/ringback回电话⑤holdon别挂断⑥ringoff/hangup挂断(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高句式背诵句式仿写句型1Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。1.碰巧我看过贾玲导演的电影，所以我把情节告诉了他们。____________________IhadseenthefilmdirectedbyJiaLing,soItoldthemtheplot.句型2if引导虚拟条件句Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve．如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。2.要不是互联网，我们不可能这么容易地保持联系。________________________，wecouldn'tkeepintouchwitheachothersoeasily.句型3keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.我们的纪律和团队精神让我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。3.你最好每天留出一些时间运动一下以便保持精力充沛。Youhadbettersetasidesometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucan______________________．攻重难·解惑释疑练学核心单词1enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的(☞enthusiasticallyadv.热情地；热心地☞enthusiasmn．热情；热忱)(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.对(做)……热情(2)lack/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充满热情withenthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地[练透]单句语法填空/完成句子①Inspiredbythe________(enthusiastic)andencouragement,Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits.[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]②尽管失败了几次，伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写]BernardandJackstillmadepopcorn______________________________inspiteofseveralfailures.③我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(应用文写作之个人优势)__________________________________________，whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.2aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)(1)goaboard上船(飞机、火车等)(2)onboard在船(火车或飞机)上(3)broadadj.宽阔的；广阔的abroadadv.在/到国外；在/到海外goabroad出国[练透]完成句子①Hewastall____________________(宽宽的肩膀)andabeardandalways________________(面带微笑)．②Learningthatyouwill__________________________(国外深造)，I'mwritingtoinformyouofsomenecessarydo'sanddon'ts.③Accordingtotheairlinerules,wesuggestyou(should)switchoffyourmobilephonebefore______________________(登上飞机)．3envyn．&vt.羡慕；嫉妒(☞enviousadj.嫉妒的；羡慕的)(1)envysb.sth.羡慕某人有某物envysb.doingsth.羡慕某人做某事(2)withenvy羡慕地；嫉妒地outofenvy出于嫉妒greenwithenvy嫉妒地眼红[练透]单句语法填空/完成句子①Allthegirlsatthedancewatchedher________envywhenshedancedwiththeprince.②我羡慕他的热情和充沛的精力，他似乎从不感到疲惫。I____________________________________anditseemedthatheneverfeltexhausted.③她在派对上穿得真华丽，我非常眼红。(读后续写情感描写)____________________becauseshewasreallydressedtotheteethattheparty.4abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃n．放任；放纵(☞abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的)(1)abandondoingsth.放弃做某事abandononeselftodoingsth.沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)于做某事(2)withabandon纵情；放任地(3)beabandonedto...沉湎于……[练透]单句语法填空/句型转换(1)Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeel________(abandon).[2022·全国乙卷](2)Wesang,danced,andlaughed________abandon,forgettingthetroublesinourlives.(读后续写情感描写)(3)Iabandonedmyselftocomputergames.Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend-of-termexamination.①→____________________________，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend-of-termexamination.(现在分词短语作状语)②→____________________________，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend-of-termexamination.(过去分词短语作状语)5sink(sank/sunk,sunk,sinking)vi.沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没sinkinto/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下one'sheart/spiritssink心情沉重；情绪低落asinkingfeeling/ship颓丧感/沉船[练透]单句语法填空/完成句子①Themomenthisheadhitthepillow,he________(sink)intoadeepsleep.②Foralongtime,hejuststaredattheblankbeforehim,merrily,________(sink)insweetmemoriesinthepast.③大卫只走了几米就绊了一跤，倒在地上，这使我的心沉了下去。[2022·新课标卷Ⅰ读后续写]Davidhadonlygoneafewmetresbeforehetrippedandfellflatontheground，____________________________．6resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚定的信念(☞resolutionn．决定；解决；决心)resolvetodosth.决定做某事makearesolutiontodo...下定决心做……[练透]单句语法填空/完成句子①____________(resolve)conflicts，weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.②Iresolved____________(turn)downhisinvitationbecausemyteacherassignedtoomuchhomework.③文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家决定不遗余力地保护它们。Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，soourcountry______________________them.划重点练全易错点维度一词形转换和动词形式变化1.Wehaveresolved____________(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.2．________(fortunate),theydidn'tseizetheopportunitytofinishthese________(assign)aheadoftime.3．Dozensof________(qualify)studentstookpartinthecampaignandpractisedfrequentlyunderthe________(guide)ofsomeexperiencedwritersandteachers.4．Ifyouareseriousaboutourrelationship,youshouldmakea________(commit)．5．He____________(envy)byhisfriendsbecausehewasselectedtoattendtheceremonyonbehalfoftheenterprise.6．Themother,alongwithherchildren,wasrescuedfromthe________(sink)boatbyapassingship.维度二固定用法和搭配Afterseeingtheadvertisementinthenewspaper,PerceBlackborowresolved①____________(join)theAntarcticexpeditionledbySirErnestShackletonnomatterwhatchallengesmightlieahead.Unfortunately,hisapplicationwasturned②________becausehewastooyoungandnotqualified③________theexpedition.However,hemanagedtogetaboardtheEndurancewithhisfriend'shelp.He④________(hide)inacupboard,butwassoondiscoveredandbroughttoShackleton.Althoughthecaptainwasangry,heassignedtheboy⑤____________(cook)forthecrew.Theirvoyagedidnotgosmoothly,andtheEndurancebecame⑥________(stick)intheice.BeforetheEndurancewascrushedand⑦________(sink)intothesea,Shackletonhadtheship⑧________(abandon),andthecrewhadtocamponice.TheythensailedtoElephantIsland.Soonafterthat,Shackletonselectedaboatpartyandsetoff⑨________SouthGeorgiaIslandtoseekhelp.掌握短语和句式1句型：as...as...意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较(教材)HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！as＋adj./adv.＋as...，还有如下用法：(1)否定式：notas/so＋adj./adv.＋as...(2)倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...(3)asmuch/many＋名词＋as...[练透]完成句子①他和我一样勤奋，因此，他已取得了和我一样多的进步。Heis______________________，sohe____________________________．②我们投入的时间和精力是她以前的两倍，所以我深信我们能成功。Wehavedevoted________________________________________________，soIamgreatlyconvincedthatwewillsucceed.③在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。AsfarasIamconcerned，thebookis______________________________．2句型：if引导虚拟条件句本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下：虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had＋过去分词would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(2)wereto＋动词原形(3)should＋动词原形would/could/should/might＋动词原形【佳句】Ifitweren'tforseaanimals，wewouldallstarve．要是没有海上的动物，我们都会饿死的。[练透]单句语法填空/完成句子①Iffoodwaste________(be)acountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.[2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]②Ifthenewsafetysystem____________(put)touse，theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.③Ifit__________________________(rain)tomorrow，Iwouldn'tgotothegrocerystore.④要不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。(应用文之感谢信)__________________________，Iwouldn'thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.划重点练透热考点维度一完成句子/一句多译1.我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信)______________________________________，whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.2．虽然被困在交通堵塞中，但一想到即将到来的假期，他的心情仍然很好。(读后续写情感描写)____________________________，hewasstillinagoodmoodatthethoughtofthecomingholiday.3．面对各种困难，我们不应灰心而应保持良好的心态。(劝慰信)Inthefaceofallthesedifficulties,weshouldnotbediscouragedbut____________________．4．只要你足够自信，抓住每个和别人聊天的机会，你就可以改变这种情况。__________________________________________________________，youcantransformthesituation.5．在一位当地村民的带领下，我们最终找到了那座古老的城堡。(guide)①____________________，wefinallyfoundtheancientcastle.(with复合结构)②____________________，wefinallyfoundtheancientcastle.(分词作状语)③____________________________，wefinallyfoundtheancientcastle.(guidance)6．这对年轻夫妇一上船，他们就吃东西、说话、大笑，好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。①Theinstant__________________________________，theywereeating，talkingandlaughingloudlyasiftheyweretheonlypeopleintheworld.(aboard)②Themoment__________________________，theywereeating，talkingandlaughingloudlyasiftheyweretheonlypeopleintheworld.(board)维度二应用文练习根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇WhenitcomestotheSilkRoad,ZhangQian,oneofthemostinfluentialexplorersoftheSilkRoad,willcometomymind.ZhangQianwasagreatexplorerduringtheHanDynasty①________________________________________(被派去西域两次).②____________________________________(不管天气多坏),heneverabandonedhis③________(assign).Hemadegreatcontributionstoopeningtheeast-westrouteconnectingChina'sHanwiththewesternregions.Furthermore,henotonlyintroducedsilkandotherproductstothewestbuthealsobroughtbackmanynewproductsandknowledgeoftechnologiesoftheoutsideworld④________________________________________________________________________________________(用倒装句升级加黑体部分).⑤______________________________________________________________________________(激励我的是他完成探险的毅力和决心).测效果·素养提能维度一清除阅读障碍Ⅰ.一词多义练根据语境选出rough的含义A．adj.汹涌的；风浪很大的B．adj.崎岖的C．adj.粗略的D．adj.艰难的E．adj.粗鲁的1．Ican'ttoleratesailinginroughsea.________2．Accordingtoaroughestimate，aboutfiftysealsstarvetodeathannually.________3．Idon'tknowhowtoreleasethepressureinsucharoughtime.________4．Theiceontheroughroadhasmeltedanditissafetodriveonitnow.________5．Heissucharoughchildthathedoesn'tbehavehimself.________Ⅱ.熟词生义练1．Tomysadness，mysonwasabandonedtosmokinganddrinking.____________2．Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]____________3．Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied.____________维度二读后续写微技能——动作描写之“看”(二)积累常诵单词①scan查看，端详；浏览；细看②eye注视短语①lookat看②stareat注视③glareat怒目而视④lookatsb.straightintheeye/lookintoone'seyes直视某人的眼睛⑤catchsightof看见⑥drop/lowerone'seyes垂下眼睛看第一步：用表“看”的表达补全以下各句，并背诵①老师查看教室时，注意到了玛丽。Theteacher____________________________________________________________________．②玛丽一直盯着手机，直到老师拍了拍她的肩膀她才意识到老师正站在她面前。____________________________________________________________________Maryrealizedhewasstandinginfrontofher.(with复合结构和强调句)③玛丽慢慢抬起眼睛，迎上老师的目光，停了一会儿，然后垂了下来。____________________________________，pausedforamoment,andthendropped.④她使劲儿咽了咽口水，盯着地面好久，想着如何处理。Sheswallowedhard，____________________________________，wonderinghowshecoulddealwithit.⑤老师淡蓝色的眼睛紧紧盯着她手中的手机，耐心等待她解释。________________________________________________________，waitingpatientlyforherexplanation.⑥她抬头直视老师的眼睛告诉了他实情。Shelookedup,______________________________________andtoldhimthetruth.(三连动词)第二步：将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE过基础语基落实(一)分类识记单词识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意1．困境；逆境2.探险；远征；探险队3.精力；力量；活力4.橱柜；壁橱；衣柜5.(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员6.炉具；厨房灶具7.痛苦的；令人难受的8.温馨的；舒适的9.(狗)吠叫；吠叫声10.橄榄球运动11.球拍；蝙蝠用球板击球；挥打；拍打12.侄子；外甥13.公司的；法人的；社团的14.发动机；马达有引擎的；机动车的Ⅱ.写其形1．wage2.aboard3.blanket4.voyage5.navy6.good/bad-tempered7.genuine8.crew9.furniture10.recreation11.rough12.motive13.candidate14.damp核心单词练透1．loyal2.envy3.thorough4.Bitter5.guidance6.sank/sunk拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1．qualifiedqualification2.endurance3.abandoned4．belongings5.selfishlyselfishness6.resolution7．corporation8.loyalty9.advertisingadvertisement[用准用活]10．assignedassignment11.enthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiastically12.cruelcruelty13.Fortunatelyfortune14．mitment15.perseveredperseverance16.guidanceguide(二)语境记忆短语记全记牢1．turnsb.down2.makefire3.giveoff4.keepone'sspiritsup5.cheersb.up6.beboredwith7.paysb.back8．be/becomestuckin9.beenthusiasticabout10.holdon用准用活1．givingoff2.keepourspiritsup3.turneddown4．cheeredup5.stuckin(三)仿写用活句式1．Itsohappenedthat2.Ifitweren'tfortheInternet3．keepyourselfenergetic攻重难解惑释疑练学核心单词1．①enthusiasm②enthusiastically/withenthusiasm③Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalong/onwith2．①withbroadshouldersworeabroadsmile②goabroadforfurtherstudy③boardingtheplane3．①with②enviedhimbeingenthusiasticandfullofenergy③Iwasgreenwithenvy4．(1)abandoned(2)with(3)①Abandoningmyselftocomputergames②Abandonedtocomputergames5．①sank②sinking③whichmademyheartsink6．①Toresolve②toturn③hasresolvedtosparenoefforttoprotect划重点练全易错点维度一1．toreduce2.Umitment5.wasenvied6.sinking维度二①tojoin②down③for④hid⑤tocook⑥stuck⑦sank⑧abandoned⑨for掌握短语和句式1．①ashard-workingasmehasmadeasmuchprogressasme②twiceasmuchtimeandenergyasshedidbefore③notas/sointeresting