2021届高考英语一轮复习易错题型专训四阅读理解-作者意图类

2021届高考英语一轮复习易错题型专训（4）

阅读理解一作者意图、态度类

1.Ihadapicniconedaywithmysister.Webothliketoridehermotorcycleandthatdaywe

rodeittothenearestpark.Weboughtsomecoffeeandcakes,andthenweenjoyedourfood.

Withinafewhours,theskychangedandlookedreadyforaheavyrain.Wepackedeverythingand

werereadytogo.Mysister,whowassittingonabenchthen,suddenlywasverystillandcouldn't

talktome.Shecouldn'tmove.Hereyeswererollingandshewasabouttoloseconsciousness（知

觉）.Iheldherinmyarmsandaskedifshewantedtorest.Shedidn'tanswerandonlysaid

“Sorry.”

ItstartedtorainandIdidn'tknowwhattodo.Shewasfightingtostayawarebutherskinwas

paleandhereyeswereactingstrangely.Suddenly,fromnowhere,awomanonabicycleappeared,

wearingaraincoat."Sheisn'tlookinggood.Doyouwantmetocallanambulance（救护车）?”

“Yes,please,yes!MIbegged.

Shedid.Strugglingwiththerain,shemanagedtocallsomepolicemen,whoquicklyhelpedme

carrymysistertoasaferplace.Theambulancearrivedandwewenttoahospital,whereshewas

treatedinlimeandshecametolifethenextmorningaftersomerestandmedicalhelp.

AninterestingfactwasthatIguessedthewomanintheraincoatwasadoctororanurse.Ilater

learnedfromoneofthepoliceofficerswhotoldme:"No.Shewasanordinarypersonwhotook

somecoursesonemergencysituations（紧急情况）.

"Iamsogratefulthatsheappearedexactlyattherightmoment.Idon'lknowwhyorhow.I

didn'tevengetthechancetosaythankstoher.

l.Whathappenedwhentheauthorandhersisterwerereadytogo?

A.Theyhadafight.

B.Thesisterfellillsuddenly.

C.Theywerecaughtintherain.

D.Theyhaddifficultypackingthings.

2.Howdidthewomanhelptheauthor?

A.Bygivingfirstaidtohersister.

B.Byprotectinghersisterfromtherain.

C.Bycarryinghersistertothehospital.

D.Byaskingforemergencymedicalhelp.

3.Whydidthewomancallthepolicemen?

A.Tokeeporderinthepark.

B.Tosendthesickgirltohospital.

C.Tocarrythesickgirltoasaferplacequickly.

D.Tocarrythesickgirlontotheambulance.

4.Whatwastheauthor'smainattitudetowardsthewoman?

A.Thankful.B.Friendly.C.Doubtful.D.Admirable.

2.ResearcherRamonLlopisoftheUniversityofValenciaisamemberoftheinternational

groupbehindFootballResearchinanEnlargedEurope（FREE）,theaimofwhichistodevelopa

betterunderstandingoffootballasasocialandculturalphenomenoninEurope.Thestartingpoint

isthe“strongbeliefthatfootballhasimportantthingstosayaboutEuropeanditscitizens”.

Llopistellsusthattheresearchpointstofootballas“animportantpresenceinthedailylives

ofmanyEuropeans.Evenpeoplewhoarenotparticularlyinterestedinthesportcannotavoidthe

discussionsitcreatesregardlessofage,classandregion.Headdsthat"footballismorethanan

activitywhichisdoneforenjoyment.Itincreasesasenseofcollectiveidentity（集体认同）

FootballisatopicofexchangeandconversationbetweenEuropeansofdifferentagesand

socialclasses.Basedonthesurveyscarriedoutintheearlystagesoftheproject,63.3%ofpeople

whocallthemselvesfootballfanshavechattedaboutfootballwithsomeonefromanother

Europeancountryinthepasttwelvemonths,70%offootballfanswatchmatchesandsummaries

fromleagues（联赛）outsideoftheircountryoforigin,and53.4%habituallyfollowtheresultsand

newsfromotherEuropeanleaguesontheInternetandsocialmedia.

So,ratherthanconsiderprofessionalfootballasaneconomicactivityorahealthyactivity

forbothplayersandfans,publicauthoritiesshouldbeawareofitshugesocio-culturalimpact.

Theyshouldalsopayattentiontotheincreasingbadfeelingsurroundingfootballasaresultofits

commercialization（商业化），sinceitiscausingmanytoturnawayfromthegame.

l.WhatcanwelearnaboutFREEfromParagraph1?

A.Itstudiestheimpactoffootballonworldculture.

B.Iteducatesthepublicaboutthehistoryoffootball.

C.Itbringstogetherresearchersfromseveralcountries.

D.ItisaprojectcarriedoutbytheUniversityofValencia.

2.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thehistoryoffootball.B.Thepoweroffootball.

C.Thegrowthoffootball.D.Thestandardoffootball.

3.HowdoestheauthorexplainthatfootballisabigpartofEuropeans*conversation?

A.Byusingresearchfindings.B.Byprovidingexamples

C.Bytellingtruestories.D.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.

4.What'stheauthor'sattitudetothefutureoffootballinEurope?

A.Hopeful.B.Uncertain.C.Satisfied.D.Worried.

3.Whatwillpoweryourhouseinthefuture?Nuclearwindorsolarpower?Accordingto

scientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）intheUS,itmightbeartificial

leaves.

Naturalleavesareabletochangesunlightandwaterintoenergy.Itisknown

asphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Nowresearchershavefoundawaytoimitatethisprocess.

TheartificialleafdevelopedbyDanielNoceraandhiscolleaguesatMITcanbeseenasa

specialsiliconchipwithcatalysts（催化剂）.Similartonaturalleaves,itcansplitwaterinto

hydrogenandoxygenwhenputintoabucketofwater.Thehydrogenandoxygengasesarethen

storedinafuelcell（电?也），usingthosetwomaterialstoproduceelectricity,locatedeitherontop

ofahouseorbesidethehouse.

Thoughtheleafisonlyabouttheshapeofapokercard,scientistsclaimedthatitis

promisingtobeaninexpensivesourceofelectricityindevelopingcountries.44Onecanimagine

villagesinIndiaandAfricanotlongfromnowpurchasinganaffordablebasicpowersystembased

onthistechnology"saidanAmericanscientist,Nocera.

Anartificialleafisnotanewidea.Thefirstartificialleafwasinventedin1997butwastoo

expensiveandunstableforpracticaluse.Thenewleaf,however,ismadeofcheapmaterials,easy

touseandhighlystable.Inlaboratorystudies,Nocerashowedthatanartificialleafcould

operatecontinuouslyforatleast45hours.

ThewonderfulimprovementscomefromNocera'srecentdiscoveryofseveralpowerful

new,inexpensivecatalysts.Thesecatalystsmaketheenergytransformationinsidetheleaf

moreefficientwithwaterandsunlight.Rightnowthenewleafisabout10timesmoreeffectiveat

carryingoutphotosynthesisthananaturalone.Besides,thedevicecanruninwhateverwateris

available.Thisisimportantforsomecountriesthatdon'thaveaccesstopurewater.

Hopefully,eachhomecouldhaveaccesstothenewapplicationinthefuture.

l.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto.

A.introduceanewkindofdeviceB.askpeopletodotheresearch

C.advertisethenewproductD.showtheprocessofphotosynthesis

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantagesofthenewleaf?

A.It'slowincost.B.It'ssmallinsize.

C.Ithasawonderfulfuelcell.D.It'sconvenientforpeopletouse.

3.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?

A.Nocerathoughtthenewleafisexpensivefordevelopingcountries.

B.VillagesinAfricahavebenefitedalotfromthenewinvention.

C.Siliconchipcanhelpthenewleafworkmoreeffectively.

D.Theequipmentdoesn'tnecessarilyoperateinpurewater.

4.What,sthewriter'sattitudetowardsthenewdevice?

A.Negative.B.Optimistic.C.Doubtful.D.Uncertain.

4.Artificialintelligence(AI)technologymaysoonbeausefultoolfordoctors.Itmayhelp

thembetterunderstandandtreatdiseaseslikebreastcancerinwaysthatwereneverbefore

possible.

RishiRawatteachesAIattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia's(USC)ClinicalScience

CenterinLosAngeles.HeispartofateamofscientistswhoareresearchinghowAIandmachine

learningcanmoreeasilyrecognizecancerousgrowthsinthebreast.Rawatprovidesinformation

aboutcancercellstoacomputer.Hesaysthisdatahelpsthemachinelearn...Youcanputthe

dataintocomputersandtheywilllearnthepatternsandthepatternrecognitionisimportantto

makingdecisions.^^

DavidAgusisanotherUSCresearcher.Hesaysmachinesarenotgoingtotaketheplaceof

doctors.''Computerswillnottreatpatients,buttheywillhelpmakecertaindecisionsandlookfor

thingsthatthehumanbraincan'trecognizebyitself.Onceaconfirmedcancerousgrowthis

removed,doctorsstillhavetotreatthepatienttoreducetheriskofcancerreturning.Theformof

treatmentdependsonthekindofcancer.^^

Currently,researcherstakeathinpieceoftissue,putitonasmallpieceofglassandadd

colortobetterseethecells.Thatprocesscouldtakedaysorevenlonger.Scientistssayartificial

intelligencecandosomethingbetterthanjustcountcells.Throughmachinelearning,itcan

recognizecomplexpatterns,orstructures,andlearnhowthecellsareorganized.

Thehopeisthatmachineswillsoonbeabletomakeaquickidentificationofcancerthatis

freeofhumanmistakes.UA11ofasudden,wehavethecomputingpowertoreallydoitinreal

time...Wecouldn'thavedonethis,wedidn'thavethecomputingpowertodothisseveralyears

ago,butnowit'sallchanged.^^Agusaddsthattheprocesscouldbedoneforalmostnocostinthe

developingworld.Hesaysthathavingalargeamountofinformationaboutpatientsisimportant

foramachinetoeffectivelydoitsjobinmedicine.

TheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaresearchersarenowonlystudyingbreastcancer.But

doctorspredictartificialintelligencewillonedaymakeadifferenceinallformsofcancer.

l.InRishiRawat'sresearch,.

A.thedataputintocomputerscontributestocancerrecognition

B.manycancersarebeingstudiedatthemoment

C.machinelearninghasreplaceddoctors'work

D.thefocusisonthecureforcancer

2.DavidAgus'swordsinParagraph3areusedto.

A.providesomeadvicefordoctorsB.introducethedevelopmentofcancer

C.appealtoscientiststoresearchintocancerD.explainthefunctionofAIintreatingcancer

3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.AIcanmakedecisionsfordoctors.

B.Developingcountriesmightbelackoffunds.

C.AIwillhopefullymakeanaccurateidentificationofcancer.

□,Computingpowerhaslonghelpedwiththeidentificationofcancer.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsAIusedintreatingcancer?

A.Positive.B.Indifferent.C.Doubtful.D.Negative.

5.SinceAppStorewassetup,ithasbeensellingconsumersonesimplethingchoice.

Whetheryouwantedtoplaygames,readthenews,ordoathousandotherthings,therewas

somethingforwhateveryoudesired.

Thensomethingfunnyhappened.LoggingintotheAppStoretodayislikegoingintoa

shoppingmallwithonlyacoupon（优惠券）foronething:There'ssomuchchoice;itmightbe

easiertogiveupthantochoose.

Itisn'tconsumerswhoareburdened,though.Toomuchcontentofallkindsalsohas

economiceffects.Whencountlesschoicesareavailable,itcausespressure,pushingpricesdown

anddrivingusabitcrazy.

Sowhatisthewayforward?Itmaywellbetoturnlesschoiceitselftothemarketing

strategy.Therearealreadysignsthatthisishappening.Firstlycontentcompaniesarelookingto

preventtheirofferingsfromgettinglostinthetonsofstuff.MostobviousisDisney,whichis

planningtoopenitsownstreamingservicenextyear.Thepointistonarrowthefocussothat

thoseseekingDisneycartoonswillhaveoneplacetogo,ratherthanbeingaroundvarious

services.

Yetifthatrepresentsacarefulfirststep,therearemoreextremeoptionstoo.Considerthe

ideaofawineclub:fromtensofthousandsofbottleseachyear,subscriberspaysomeonetoselect

themostinterestingones.Perhapswhatcomesnextfordigitalcontentissimilar-carefully

selectedofferingsfromtrustedsourcesthatputchoicesinthehandsofsomeoneelseinorderto

getridoftheanxietyofchoosing.

Uptonow,toomuchchoiceindigitalmediahasonlyonesolution:thealgorithm（运算法贝!J）.

Butwe'veseenthetroublewithalgorithmsonYouTubeTheyfeedyouonlywhatyou'vealready

saidyoulike,notthingsyoumaynotknowyoureinto.Worse,theyhaveatendencytoserveup

disturbingcontent.Thewayforwardcan'tsimplybemoreorbetteralgorithms.

Instead,it'stimefordigitalcompaniestostartthinkingabouthowtoputlimitsonthings:on

howmuchwecanuseadevice,orwhatweareavailabletochoosefrom.

Aswemovefurtherintothedigitalrevolution,whatpeopleaskforisclear:Less.

l.Whatwilltoomuchchoiceofcontentonthemarketresultin?

A.TheshutdownofcompaniesB.Theanxietyofconsumers

C.ThepoorqualityofproductsD.Theslowdownofeconomy

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraphs4and5?

A.Contentcompaniesshouldwithdrawtheirofferingsonline

B.ContentcompaniesshouldposttheirofferingsonAppStore

C.Contentcompaniesadoptdifferentmethodstonarrowtheconsumersfocus

D.ContentcompaniesopentheirownstreamingservicesonYouTube

3.Howdoalgorithmsprobablyrespondtoconsumersneeds?

A.TheymakeabetterchoiceforthemB.Theyhelptoremovedisturbingcontent

C.TheychangetheirinterestindigitalmediaD.Theyfailtoofferwhattheypossiblylike

4.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardslimitingthechoiceconsumershave.

A.Approving.B.SkepticalC.Opposing.D.Neutral

6.1decidedtoskitotheNorthPole.ItwasafterIsawanadvertisementinanewspaper

lookingforpeopletojoinateamtoski350milestotheNorthPole.Backin1996,therehadnever

beenawomanfromtheUKwhohadaccomplishedthischallenge.Iwonderedwhatitwouldbe

liketosurviveintemperaturescoldenoughtofreezeyourfleshinseconds,soIsentoffforthe

applicationform.

Theapplicationformfullofpicturesofmaleexploresarrived.Thewords44Areyouman

enoughfortheultimate（极限的）challenge?”mademeangryandevenmoredeterminedtogeton

theteam.

Over500individualsappliedforaplaceintheteam,andtheselectionprocessincluded

physicalandpsychologicaltestsdesignedtopickthebestgroup.Inonetest,therewasahugerope

ladderwehadtoclimb,andIfrozeatthetopbecauseIhaveafearofheights.Ithoughtmyhopes

werefadingasmostotherapplicantssailedpast,leavingmebehind.Buttwoothershelpedme

over,andlaterIfoundoutthattheorganizerswerenotlookingforamazingindividuals,butgreat

teamplayers,andthismomenthadshownthemwhowouldtakecareofothersintheteam.

Ihadrevealed（显示）myweakness,andinaplaceliketheArctic,youhavetobeyourself,as

thereisnowheretohide.Thesepersonalitiesofaskingforhelpandshowingweaknessare

necessaryforwomentomaster.Irealizedthatbybeingmyself,Icouldsucceed.Iwasselectedfor

theteam.IrealizedthatIcouldachievemorethanIeverimagined—moreimportantly,by

sharingmystorywithothers,Icouldinspirethemtotakeastepintothenewworldandreveal

moreoftheirabilities.

l.Howdidtheauthorreactonseeingtheadvertisement?

A.Shegotcross.B.Shewasdetermined.

C.Shegotfrightened.D.Shewashesitating.

2.Whatdidtheorganizersviewasthemostimportantintheselectionofnewhands?

A.Personalquality.B.Individual-ability.

C.Spiritofteamwork.D.Couragetochallenge.

3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofwomen'sshowingweakness?

A.Beneficial.B.Shameful.C.Merciful.D.Disturbing.

4.What'stheintentionoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?

A.Toinspireustoprepareforourfuturegoal.

B.Toadvisewomenhowtoturntoothers.

C.Tomakesuggestionstoherteammembers.

D.Toencouragepeopletoexploretheunknown.

7.Eatingtoomuchfattyfood,workingouttoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskof

heartdisease.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:the

airyoubreathe.

Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure（暴露）toenvironmentalpollutiontoanincreased

riskofheartproblem,buttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackor

stroke（中风）withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposure.Inonereviewoftheresearch,scientists

foundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants（污染物）wereupto5%morelikelyto

sufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposure.Aseparatestudyof

strokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency（EPA）

considerstobeof"moderate"（良好）qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskof

strokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposure.

Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleand

certainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.

However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollution

regardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonly

improveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.

l.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween.

A.heartproblemsandairqualityB.heartproblemsandexercising

C.heartproblemsandsmokingD.heartproblemsandfattyfood

2.Theunderlinedword“modest“inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

A.relativelyhighB.extremelylowC.relativelylowD.extremelyhigh

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Eatingfattyfoodhasimmediateeffectsonyourheart.

B.TheEPAconductedmanystudiesonairquality.

C.Moderateairqualityismoreharmfulthansmoking.

D.Stricterregulationsonpollutantsshouldbemade.

4.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto.

A.informB.persuadeC.describeD.entertain

8.Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower,whatwoulditbe?Otherthanflyingandcommunicating

withsomeonefromhismind（which,let?sbehonest,wouldprobablyactuallybeawful）,breathing

underwaterisoneofthefavorites.YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula,andwhentheend

oftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater,you'Hbefine.

Withthisinmind,astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt,Londonhasdesigneda3D-printed

amphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO——essentiallyasetofgills（鲤）一forthisverypuipose.

AccordingtoJunKamei,abiomimicrydesignerandmaterialsscientist,itis"forafuturewhere

humankindlivesinthewater”.

Withtheworldsetforaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.2℃（5.7°F）by2100,risingsea

levelsareaveryrealthreattolargecoastalcities,potentiallyaffectingupto2billionpeople—or

26percentofthecurrentglobalpopulation.

Kamei5slittledeviceusesaspeciallydesignedporous侈孔的）materialthatfillsoxygen

againinthewaterandreleasescarbondioxide.Itisinspiredbywater-divinginsectsthatcreate

theirownlittlescubadivingsetbycreatingaprotectivebubbleofairaroundtheirbodythanksto

theirwaterrepellent（防水的）skin.

Thetechnologyiseasily3D-printabletoo,whichwillbegreatwhenweneedthemtogether.

These"gills"couldreplaceheavyandclumsyscubaequipment,makingitmoresimilartofree

divingbutforlonger.Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans—the

12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand,forexample,whereittookweeksto

workouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels.

Sofar,thetechhasonlybeentestedasaworkingprototype,notactuallyonhumans,sothe

dreammayhavetobeonholdfbrnow.AndscalingupandtestingonhumansisKamei'snext

plan.Thismaysoundunbelievable,butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthe

future.

l.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAquamanandUrsula?

A.Theycanreadminds.B.Theycanbreatheunderwater.

C.Theyoftencausehugedisasters.D.Theycan'tliveunderwater.

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAMPHIBIO?

A.Itcanproduceoxygeninthewater.

B.Itsusercancommunicatewithothersfromtheirmind.

C.Itistheuniqueusefultoolagainstthethreatofrisingsealevels.

D.Thedesignerdrewhisinspirationfromnature'shiddendesign.

3.WhydidtheauthormentionedtherescueoftheboysinThailand?

A.Topresentthesuccessofthenewdevice.

B.Tocomparethenewdevicewiththeoldone.

C.Toprovetheadvantageofthenewdevice.

D.Toshowthenewdeviceiseasily3D-printable.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofthenewdesign?

A.Objective.B.indifferent.C.Doubtful.D.Critical.

答案以及解析

1.答案：1-4BDCA

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Mysister...suddenlywasverystillandcouldn'ttalktome.

Shecouldn'tmove.Hereyeswererollingandshewasabouttoloseconsciousness.可知,作者的

姐姐突然生病了，故选B项。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"...Doyouwantmetocallanambulance?H"Yes,please,yes!"I

begged.及第三段中的Shedid.Strugglingwiththerain,shemanagedtocallsomepolicemen...

可知，这位女士帮作者叫来救护车和警察，通过寻求紧急医疗帮助的方式帮助了作者。故选

D项。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的...shemanagedtocallsomepolicemen,whoquicklyhelpedme

carrymysistertoasaferplace.可知，这位女士叫警察的目的是尽快把这个生病的女孩带到更

安全的地方，故选C项。

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段Iamsogratefulthatsheappearedexactlyattherightmoment.I

don'tknowwhyorhow.Ididn'tevengetthechancetosaythankstoher.可推矢口，作者对这位帮

助她们的女士充满了感激，故选A项。

2.答案：l.C;2.B;3.A;4.D

解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段关键句"ResearcherRamonLlopisoftheUniversityofValencia

isamemberoftheinternationalgroupbehindFootballResearchinanEnlargedEurope（FREE）,

theaimofwhichistodevelopabetterunderstandingoffootballasasocialandcultural

phenomenoninEurope.”可知，来自UniversityofValencia（瓦伦西亚大学）的研究员Ramon

Llopis是国际团体FREE的一员，这个组织的目的是让人们更好地理解足球是欧洲的一种社

会文化现象。瓦伦西亚大学是西班牙的一所大学，且FREE是一个国际团体，由此我们可以推

断出FREE是汇集了来自几个国家的研究人员共同进行研究。故选C项。

2.主旨大意题。根据第二段关键句"Llopistellsusthattheresearchpointstofootballas"an

importantpresenceinthedailylivesofmanyEuropeans.”可知，研究指出足球是许多欧洲人日常

生活中的重要的存在。再根据第二段关键句"Headdsthat“footballismorethananactivity

whichisdoneforenjoyment.Itincreasesasenseofcollectiveidentity（集体认同）可知，足球彳；

仅仅是一种娱乐活动，它也增加了集体认同感。由此可推断出，本段主要讲的是足球的力量。

故选B项。

3.细节理解题。第三段关键句"Basedonthesurveyscarriedoutintheearlystagesoftheproject”

意为“基于项目早期阶段进行的调查”，再根据第三段中列举的调查数据63.3%ofpeople（63.3%

的人）,70%offootballfans（70%的足球迷）和53.4%habituallyfollowtheresults（53.4%的人习惯

性的关注比赛结果和新闻）可知，作者通过利用研究成果来解释足球是欧洲人对话中的重要

的部分。故选A项。

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句"Theyshouldalsopayattentiontotheincreasingbadfeeling

surroundingfootballasaresultofitscommercialization（商业化）,sinceitiscausingmanytoturn

awayfromthegame.”可知，公共权威部门应该注意由于足球商业化，人们对足球的感觉越来越

不好,因为这会让许多人对这项运动产生反感。由此可推断出，作者对足球商业化带来的负面

影响是担心的，对欧洲足球的未来是担心的,worried意为“担心的”。故选D项。

3.答案：l.A;2.C;3.D;4.B

解析：1.主旨大意题.本文主要介绍了一项仿造叶子光合作用的发明-人工叶子工作原理、工

作性能和工作条件,可为发展中国家提供便宜的能源;故选A.

2.细节理解题.根据文章第三段“Similartonaturalleaves,itcansplitwaterintohydrogenand

oxygenwhenputintoabucketofwater.Thehydrogenandoxygengasesarethenstoredinafuel

cell”可知新叶可以制造燃料电池而不是拥有;故选C.

3.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段"Besides,thedevicecanruninwhateverwaterisavailable"可知

这些设备不一定在纯水中工作;故选D.

4.推理判断题.根据最后——段"Hopefully,eachhomecouldpossiblyhavetheaccesstothenew

applicationinthefuture”可知作者对这种新设备的态度十分积极支持;故选B.

4.答案：l.A;2.D;3.C;4.A

解析：1.题干的意思是在RishiRawat的研究中,。根据文章第二段提到“Heispartofa

teamofscientistswhoareresearchinghowAIandmachinelearningcanmoreeasilyrecognize

cancerousgrowthsinthebreast.Rawatprovidesinformationaboutcancercellstoacomputer.He

saysthisdatahelpsthemachinelearn.（他是研究人工智能和机器学习如何更容易识别乳腺癌

变的科学家团队的一员。Rawat向计算机提供有关癌细胞的信息。他说这些数据帮助机器学

习。户可知，在RishiRawat的研究中，输入电脑的数据有助于癌症的识别。结合选项,A项输入

电脑的数据有助于癌症的识别;B项目前正在研究许多癌症;C项机器学习已经取代了医生的

工作;D项重点是癌症的治疗。可知本题答案为A。

2.题干的意思是大卫.阿古斯在第3段中的话是用来o根据文章第三段大卫,阿古斯说的

话提至『'Computerswillnottreatpatients,buttheywillhelpmakecertaindecisionsandlookfor

thingsthatthehumanbraincan'trecognizebyitself.（计算机不会治疗病人,但它们将帮助做出某

些决定，并寻找人类大脑无法自己识别的东西。）“可知，大卫・阿古斯在第3段中的话是用来解

释人工智能在治疗癌症中的作用。结合选项,A项为医生提供一些建议;B项介绍癌症的发

展;C项呼吁科学家研究癌症;D项解释人工智能在治疗癌症中的作用。可知本题答案为D。

3.题干的意思是我们能从文本中推断出什么?A项人工智能可以为医生做决定;B项发展中国

家可能缺乏资金;C项人工智能有望准确识别癌症;D项长期以来,计算能力一直有助于癌症的

识别。根据文章第三段提到“Hesaysmachinesarenotgoingtotaketheplaceofdoctors.

Computerswillnottreatpatients,buttheywillhelpmakecertaindecisionsandlookforthings

thatthehumanbraincan'trecognizebyitself.（他说，机器不会取代医生。计算机不会治疗病人，

但它们将帮助做出某些决定，并寻找人类大脑无法自己识别的东西。）“可知，人工智能是帮助

起到辅助的作用,而不会为医生做决定，故A项错误。根据文章第五段提到“Agusaddsthatthe

processcouldbedoneforalmostnocostinthedevelopingworld.（Agus补充说，在发展中国家