2021届高考英语一轮复习专项点拨01高考阅读理解总括和做题步骤

高考阅读理解

目录

高考阅读注意事项2

1.以意群为单位，成组视读2

2.重视文章框架结构2

3.积累词语。2

二.高考阅读理解四项能力考查_________________________________________________________________2

三.阅读理解做题步骤3

3.1读题干，划关键词3

3.2读文章，做标记4

3.2.1标记篇章主旨4

3.2.2标记段落主旨10

3.2.3标记常见7大答案出处点13

一.高考阅读注意事项

1.以意群为单位，成组视读

英语阅读不是一个词一个词的去默看，而是根据意群，一组组的进行扫视。英语中主要有三大意群：

介词短语，从句，非谓语动词。尤其阅读长难句时，可以把意群用括号标出，然后就比较容易找到句子主

干，从而能比较准确的理解句意方向。这是一种高超的阅读能力，非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够

习得。

2.重视文章框架结构

我们常有这样的情况：句子都能看懂，但读完文章印象却不深，这就牵涉到对文章框架结构的整体理

解。如何学会对文章的整体理解呢？首先，要重视文章的标题和主旨大意。接着在往下阅读时特别注意每

段的段意

3.积累词语。

高考阅读读词汇具有高频性和重复性。我们要坚持把阅读中的生词或者搭配短语抄到小本子上，每天

有空时，就拿出这小本子背诵记忆。前期由于单词量比较大，难度会比较大，但是由于考点词汇的重复性,

在后面的文章中我们会时不时接触，这样通过反复记忆，词汇量就增加得很快。

二.高考阅读理解四项能力考查

信息筛选能力一一细节理解题

信息加工处理能力一一推理判断题

信息归纳总结能力一一主旨大意题

词汇猜测能力一一词义猜测题

三.阅读理解做题步骤

3.1读题干，划关键词

关键词1：5W1H人物/地点/时间/机构/组织/大写字母/数字

1.ProfessorJohnBeath'slecturesare.

2.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?

3.Londonhasbecomethesecondmostexpensivecitybecauseof—

4.WhichofthefollowingistrueofWingspanArts?

5.Diabeitcrockstar.comwascreatedfor

关键词2：敏感词（唯一信息）：最高级/序数词/only/unique/special/main/major

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantforthechildcarejob?

2.Whatshouldyouconsiderfirstwhilesailing?

3.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway.

4.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?

关键词3：连词（逻辑关系）

1.SophiawrotealettertoStAndrewsUniversitybecauseshewanted

2.Accordingtotheauthor,wearemorecreativewhenweare___.

关键词4：具体意义的名词，动词，形容词【优选名词，动词，最好所有名词都找到，其次形副】

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueofcellphoneusers?

2.Whatshouldschoolsdotohelptheproblemschoolboys?

3.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?

4.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?

5・“Mothertrees"areextremelyimportantbecausethey.

6.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?

7.It'swidelybelievedthatthestoneblocksweremovedtothepyramidsiteby.

3.2读文章，做标记

问：读文章，读什么？

答:读主旨（篇章主旨和段落主旨）；读细节（抓关键细节点）。

问：做标记，在哪里做？

答：标记篇章主旨句；标记段落主旨句；标记常见答案出处关健细节点。

3.2.1标记篇章主旨

任何文章都会有自己的主旨要义，即文章的主题，是否能够把握住文章的主题是理解一篇文章的关键。因

此，出题人为了考查学生对文章的理解程度，必然会以各种方式考查文章的主题。

1）篇章主题句位置总括：

首段首句型：主题句f具体的陈述（信号词，如forexample,anexampleof;first,second,next,last,

finally;tobeginwith,also,besides;one,theother;some,others等。）

首段尾句型：开头列举事实f主题句（信号词。如so,therefore,thus,consequently;inconclusion,

inshort;inaword,tosumup）

中段型：有时段落是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后

再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。这种文章的主题句往往会在段落中间出现。归纳起来主要有两种

情况：先提出问题，然后给予回答（主题句），最后给予解释;或者，先提出问题，然后点出主题思想（主题

句），最后给予解释。

尾段型：尾段总结概括（信号词so,therefor,thus,inshort,asaresult,thatiswhy）

首尾呼应型：主题句在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上先后出现，形成前呼后应的格局。这两个主题句叙说

的是同一个内容，但用词不尽相同，这样不但强调了主题思想，而且显得灵活多变。这两个句子并非简单

重复，后一个主题句或对该主题作最后的评述，或对要点作一概括，或使之引申留给读者去思考。

无明确主题句型：各段中心句总结相加法或者语文总结中心思想法。

2）体裁：议论文，科普说明文，应用文（广告指南，新闻，通知）

文章主旨都出现在比较明显的位置，可以将之归纳为一目了然型。标记方法【3+1法则】。即通过文章的【标

题、首段、尾段】及【高频词】。

说明文（introduction—description（example/comparison/classification）—conclusion）要求先明

确文章的说明对象

议论文（opinion-arguments（facts/examples/theory）—conclusion）要明确作者的观点和意图，能读

懂最好,读不懂就看题，回文中找相关句子,看选项和文中的句子是否大体符合,推荐用排除法.

3）体裁：故事类记叙文（理解故事的含义和它想说明的道理）和传记类文章（时间是全文的关键）

1.看首段：故事开始前作者对后文有一些概括性的描述

2.尾段完整概括：通过对文章的整个内容的概括，进行主旨题的思考

3.常见故事类记叙文主旨：1.故事升华到真善美哲理2.分享一个经历3.娱乐

【典例分析】

1

1.ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren,sabilitytolearnandevenreducetheirchances

ofgettingacollegedegree,newstudiessuggestinthelatestefforttoexaminetheeffectsof

televisiononchildren.

2.Oneofthestudieslookedatnearly400northernCaliforniathird-graders.ThosewithTVs

intheirbedroomsscoredabouteightpointsloweronmathandlanguageartsteststhanchildren

withoutbedroomsTVs.

3.Asecondstudy,lookingatnearly1,000grown-upsinNewZealand,foundlowereducation

levelsamong26-year-oldswhohadwatchedlotsofTVduringchildhood.Buttheresultsdon't

provethatTVisthecauseanddon,truleoutthatalreadypoorlymotivatedyoungsters（年轻

人）maywatchlotsofTV.

4.TheirstudymeasuredtheTVhabitsof26-year-oldsbetweenages5and15.Thosewithcollege

degreeshadwatchedanaverageoflessthantwohoursofTVperweeknightduringchildhood,compared

withanaverageofmorethan2%hoursforthosewhohadnoeducationbeyondhighschool.

5.IntheCaliforniastudy,childrenwithTVsintheirroomsbutnocomputerathomescored

thelowest,whilethosewithnobedroomTVbutwhohadhomecomputersscoredthehighest.

6.WhilethisstudydoesnotprovethatbedroomTVsetscausedthelowerscores,itaddsto

accumulatingfindingsthatchildrenshouldn,thaveTVsintheirbedrooms.

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.ComputersorTelevision.B.EffectsofTelevisiononChildren.

C.StudiesonTVandCollegeEducation.D.TelevisionandChildren'sLearningHabits.

2

1.Whenstudentsandparentsareaskedtoratesubjectsaccordingtotheirimportance,the

artsareunavoidablyatthebottomofthelist.Musicisnice,peopleseemtosay,butnotimportant.

Toooftenitisviewedasmereentertainment,butcertainlynotaneducationpriority（优先）.This

viewisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationisbeneficialandimportantforallstudents.

2.Musictellsuswhoweare.Becausemusicisanexpressionofthebeingswhocreateit,

itreflectstheirthinkingandvalues,aswelladthesocialenvironmentitcameinfluencethat

GeorgeGershwinandothermusiciansintroducedintotheirmusicisobviouslyAmericanbecause

itcamefromAmericanmusicaltraditions.Musicexpressesourcharacterandvalues.Itgivesus

identityasasociety.

3.Musicprovidesakindofperception（感知）thatcannotbeacquiredanyotherway.Science

canexplainhowthesunrisesandsets.Theartsexploretheemotive（情感的）meaningofthesame

phenomenon.Weneedeverypossiblewaytodiscoverandrespondtoourworldforonesimplebut

powerfulreason:Noonewaycangetitall.

4.Theartsareformsofthoughtaspowerfulinwhattheycommunicateasmathematicaland

scientificsymbols.Theyarewayswehumanbeings“talk"toeachother.Theyarethelanguage

ofcivilizationthroughwhichweexpressourfears,ourcuriosities,ourhungers,ourdiscoveries,

ourhopes.Theartsarewayswegiveformtoourideasandimaginationsothattheycanbeshared

withothers.Whenwedonotgivechildrenaccesstoanimportantwayofexpressingthemselves

suchasmusic,wetakeawayfromthemthemeaningsthatmusicexpresses.

5.Scienceandtechnologydonottelluswhatitmeanstobehuman.Theartsdo.Musicis

animportantwayweexpresshumansuffering,celebration,themeaningandvalueofpeaceandlove.

6.Somusiceducationisfarmorenecessarythanpeopleseemtorealize.

Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Musiceducationdeservesmoreattention.

B.Musicshouldbeoftopeducationpriority.

C.Musicisaneffectivecommunicationtool.

D.Musiceducationmakesstudentsmoreimaginative.

3

1.Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbut

haveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstill

swimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsand

stillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthought

aboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar”

orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.

2.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearned

something,additionallearningtrialsincreasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.

3.Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplaying

baseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuch

as“Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonly

learnbutoverlearn.

4.Themultiplicationtables（乘法口诀表）areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetrather

quicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearnin

childhood.

5.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming（突击学习）foranexamination,thoughitmayresult

inapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmay

learnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmost

everythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone*sfuture

development.

4

1.Goinggreenseemstobefad（时尚）foralotofpeoplethesedays.Whetherthatisgoodor

bad,wecan,treallysay,butforthetwoofus,goinggreenisnotafadbutalifestyle.

2.OnApril22,2011,wedecidedtogogreeneverysingledayforanentireyear.Thismeant

doing365differentgreenthings,anditalsomeantchallengingourselvestogogreenbeyondeasy

things.Ratherthanrecycleandreduceourenergy,wehadtothinkof365differentgreenthings

todoandthiswasnoeasytask.

3.Withtheideaofgoinggreeneverysingledayforayear,OurGreenYearstarted.Mylife

andIdecidedtoeducatepeopleabouthowtheycouldgogreenintheirlivesandhopedwecould

showpeopleallthegreenthingsthatcouldbedonetohelptheenvironment.Wewantedtopush

themessagethateverylittlebithelps.

4.OverthecourseofOurGreenYear,wecompletelychangedourlifestyle.Wenowshopat

organic（有机的）stores.Weconsumelessmeat,choosinggreenfood.Wehavegreatlyreducedour

buyingwedon'tneed.Wehavegivenawayhalfofwhatweownedthroughwebsites.Ourhomeis

keptcleanbyvinegarandlemonjuice,withnochemicalcleaners.Wemakeourownbutter,enjoying

thesmellofhome-madefreshbread.Inourhomeofficeanyonecaughtdoingsomethingungreenmight

bepunished.

6.OurmindshavebeenchangedbyOurGreenYear.Wearegratefulforthechancetohavebeen

abletogogreenandeducateothers.Webelievethatwedohavethepowertochangethingsand

helpourplanet.

Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.GoingGreen.B.ProtectingthePlanet.

C.KeepingOpen-MindedD.CelebratingOurGreenYear.

5

1.ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia,myhusband,Rashid,stayedinahotel

forashorttimewhilelookingforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.

2.Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewent,outonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecameback

inthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthe

suitcasehadallhisimportantpapers,includinghispassport.

3.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinstrangecity,

thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganizedagainfromadistant

countrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.

4.Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemy

husband'snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapers

intheirtrashcan（垃圾桶）thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.

5.Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.

Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparents

hadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthe

documents.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgiven

hisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.

6.Thatfamilynotonlyrestoredtheimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredour

faithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.

Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FromIndiatoAustralia.B.LivinginaNewCountry.

C.TurningTrashtoTreasure.D.InSearchofNewFriends..

6

1.ChildrenofallagesgatheredinNewYorkCityrecentlyfortheInternationalToypair.

Hiddenamongalreadypopulartoyswerenew,high-techeducationalproducts.Toymakersareworking

tocreatetheseproductsforimprovingachild'semotionalintelligence.

2.CompaniesshowedofftheirproductslastweekatNewYork,sJacobJavitzConventionCenter.

3.PlelQisasetofplastictoyblocks.Itusesvisualrealitytechnologytoteachwords,

numbersandotherthings,EdisonDurandirectsthecompanythatmakesPlelQ.Sheshowedpeople

atthetoyfairhowvirtualimagesappearontheblockswhentheyareheldinfrontofatablet

camera,PlelQhaschildrenactasteacherorguidetoacompanioncharacter.

4.Ontheothersideoftheconventioncenter,KarenHufromanothercompanydemonstratedan

educationalrobotcalledWoobo.Therobotcomesprogrammedwitheducationalgamesandactivities.

Childrenuseitstouchscreenfacetogetthemstarted.Hudescribedhowtherobotcanhelpa

childwhohasautism（自闭症）.“ThechildcancommunicatewithWooboandfollowsomeofthe

instructionsWooboisgivingbecausehethinksofthisasacompanioninsteadofaparentorsomeone

elsetellinghimtocertainthings.”

5.AttheEQtainmentstand,salesdirectorJonathanEricksonexplainedthecompany?stoys.

“Thepurposeofallofourproductsistodevelopemotionalandsocialintelligence“hesaid

Ericksonshowedoffaboardgamecalled"Q'sRacetotheTop”.Hesaidthegamegothis4-year-old

daughtertoopenup."Thebiggestthingishertalking.Andthat/sthekeyofallthis一getting

herfeelingsexpressedout.Like,'Hey,whatdoesitfeelliketobesad?Orhowdoesitfeel

liketobehappy?'"

6.Itremainstobeseenwhetheragameortoycanimproveemotionalintelligence.Buttoymakers

aredoingwhattheycantohelpparentsintheireffortstoraisewell-roundedchildren.

Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Toyshelptobuildemotionalintelligence

B.EducationaltoyssellwellintheToyFair

C.Toymakersaremakingprofitsineducation

D.ChildrencelebratetheInternationalToyFair

3.2.2标记段落主旨

【段落首句、段落尾句具有概括性和深刻性的段落主题句】及【高频词】。

1)第一句是中心句：即第一句是中心，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。如果从第二句就开始对第一句进

行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如for

example,anexampleof;first,second,next,last,finally;tobeginwith,also,besides;one,

lh。other;som。，others等。在阅读中应尽量利用上述信号词来确定主题句的位置。

2)第二句是中心句：第一句是过渡句。第二句与第一句存在转折关系(but,however,yet,infact)或

者递进关系(moreover,afterall,indeed)

3)句尾是中心句：有些文章会在开头列举事实，然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。因此，如果第一句话

不是概括性的或综合性的话，最好快速读一读段落的最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征。一般

说来，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现。学生可以充分

利用弓I出结论的信号词o如so,sothat,therefore,thus,consequently;inconclusion,inshort;ic

aword,tosumup；allinall;generally等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。

4)没有明显的中心句：充分发挥语文总结中心思想能力，能用最简洁的一两个词概括总结出段落主旨大意。

【典例分析】

1

Astudyreportedlastfallsuggeststhathavingapetdognotonlyraisesyourspiritsbut

mayalsohaveaneffectonyoureatinghabits.ResearchersatNorthwesternMemorialHospitalspent

ayearstudying36fatpeopleandtheirequallyfatdogsondiet-and-exerciseprograms;aseparate

groupof56peoplewithoutpetswereputonadietprogram.Onaverage,peoplelostaboutIIpounds,

or5%oftheirbodyweight.Theirdogsdidevenbetter,losinganaverageof12pounds,morethan

15%oftheirbodyweight.Dogownersdidn,tloseanymoreweightthanthosewithoutdogsbut,

sayresearchers,gotmoreexerciseoverall—mostlywiththeirdogs—andfounditworthdoing.

2

MydaughterwenttoseeTheWildOnerecentlyandshecommentedthatMarlonBrandowaswearing

jeanssolongago.Ofcourse,hehelpedsetthetrend,sothatgotmethinkingaboutthelink

betweenfilmsandtrendsinfashion.Fashionandfilmshavegonehandinhandforlong.TheWild

Oneisagoodexample:itappearedin1954,starringBrando.Dressedinablackleathermotorcycle

jacket,leathercapandjeans,hecreatedalookwhichisstillconsidered“cool"today.Everyone

fromMadonnatomiddle-agedmenisseenwearingtheclassicleathermotorcyclejacket.

3

ThreeSquareMarketsaysthechipcannottracktheemployees.Thecompanysaysscannerscan

readthechipsonlywhentheyarewithinafewinchesofthem."Thechipsprotectagainstidentity

theft,similartocreditcards."TheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthechipsback

in2004,sotheyshouldbesafeforhumans,accordingtothecompany.

4

Ifthecellphonehastrulyhadtheseeffects,it'sbecauseithasbecomeverywidespread.

Considerthatin1987,therewereonly1millioncellphonesinuse.Today,somethinglike300

millionAmericanscarrythem.TheyfaroutnumberwiredphonesintheUnitedStates.

5

Althoughstillquiteyoung,grimeseemstobegettingfavoredbymoreandmorepeople.In

2016,theEnglishgrimeartistSkeptawontheMercuryPrizewithhisalbumKonnichiwa,beating

bignameslikeDavidBowieandRadiohead.However,nomatterwhethergrimeisonedayaccepted

bythemainstreammusicworldornot,onethingisforsure:ingrime,singersalwaysstaytrue

tothemselves.

6

Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7a.m.tolp.m.,

rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries;the

red-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:amazing,large,

softandroundredtomatoes.

7

ThecityJs“psychologycafes”,whichoffergreatcomfort,areamongthemostpopularplaces.

Middle-agedhomemakers,retirees,andtheunemployedcometocafestotalkaboutlove,anger,

anddreamswithapsychologist.AndtheycometoLehanneysgroupjusttolearntosaywhatthey

feel."There'sastrongneedinParisforcommunication,“saysMauriceFrisch,acaf6LaChope

regularwhoworksasareligiousinstructorinanearbychurch."Peoplehavefewrealfriends.

Andtheyneedtoopenup."Lehannesaysshe'dliketoseepsychologycafesalloverFrance.

“Ifpeoplehadnormallives,thesecafeswouldn'texist,“shesays."Iflifeweren,tabattle,

peoplewouldn'tneedaspecialplacejusttospeak."Butthen,itwouldn'tbeFrance.

8

Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelike

companionsthanmeretools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletodistinguishwhensomeone

ishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreappropriatelytotheuser.

9

Papa,asasonofadirt-poorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,for

educationwasfortherichthen.So,theworldbecamehisschool.Withgreatinterest,heread

everythinghecouldlayhishandson,listenedtothetowneldersandlearnedabouttheworld

beyondhistinyhometown."There'ssomuchtolearn,z，he'dsay."Thoughwe'rebornstupid,only

thestupidremainthatway.〃Hewasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedenied（拒

绝）aneducation.

10

ThereJreafewthingsIlearnedwhiledoingthese30-daychailenges.Thefirstwasthetime

wasmuchmorememorable.ThiswaspartofachallengeIdidtotakeapictureeveryday.Ialso

noticedthatasIstartedtodomoreandharder30-daychallenges,myse1f-recognitiongrew.I

wentfromadesk-dwellingnerd（电脑迷）tothekindofguywholikestowork.

11

Foodproductiondoesgreatharmtoourenvironment.Therearemanyproceduresinvolvedin

themanufactureoffoodthatresultingreenhousegasesandotherpollutants.Someprocedures

requiretheconsumptionoflargeamountsoffossilfuels,suchasthetransportationandstorage

offoodproducts.Otherfactorsthatcausegreatdamagetoourenvironmentincludetheoveruse

offreshwater.

3.2.3标记常见7大答案出处点

掌握高考阅读常见答案出处点，就能快速找到出题者要考的30%的有效信息。

第1点：从转折处找答案

作者常常会借用转折词引出某项重要的事实或观点，转折词之后的内容往往表达的是作者真实的写作

目的、观点或态度。

阅读理解中常见的表示转折关系的连词或副词有however,but,yet,while,though,although等。

另外，indeed,instead,infact,today,now也常常用来表示前后语义的转折,另外有时副词suddenly,

unfortunately也能提示前后语义转折。

【典例分析】

1

HeleneAnandherfamilyownalargerestaurantbusinessinCalifornia.However,whenHelene

andherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn'thavemuchmoney.Theymoved

theirfamilytoSanFrancisco.TheretheyjoinedDanny'smother,Diana,whoownedasmallItalian

sandwichshop.Soonafterwards,HeleneandDianachangedthesandwichshopintoasmallVietnamese

restaurant.Thefivedaughtershelpedintherestaurantwhentheywereyoung.However,Helene

didnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseshethoughtitwastoo

hard.

WecanIearnfromParagraph2thattheAnfamily.

A.startedabusinessin1975B.leftVietnamwithoutmuchmoney

C.boughtarestaurantinSanFranciscoD.openedasandwichshopinLosAngeles

2

Themoreinteractiontherobothaswithhumans,themoreitlearns.ButOshbot,likeother

socialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongsideotheremployees."We

havetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus,“saidBreazeal.

Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatsocialrobotswill.

A.trainemployeesB.beourworkmates

C.improvetechnologiesD.taketheplaceofworkers

第2点：从对比、比较处找答案

阅读文章中的对比常常表现为新老观点的对比、错误与正确观念的对比、新事物与旧事物的对比等，

而比较则常常表现为两种或多种事物的优点、缺点、用途、功能、原理等特点的比较。这些对比或比较关

系经常受到出题人的青睐。

阅读理解中常见的表示对比或比较关系的词或短语有while,whereas（然而），than,like,same,justas,

comparedwith,bycomparison（相比之下），bycontrast（相比之下），either・••or,notonly・••but

also,both•••and,exception（例外）等。解题时要留意这些词或短语,并注意出现比较级、最高级

的地方，另外要注意搞清对比或比较对象。

1

Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.

Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets（atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon）

filledtheweekend,butthebestpart-particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weather

rootvegetables一wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatprovedtobemore

thanworththeearlywake-upcall.

Whatmadetheauthor,sgettinguplateearlyworthwhile?

A.Havingaswim.B.Breathinginfreshair.

C.Walkinginthemorningsun.D.Visitingalocalfarmers'market.

2

Tocalculatejusthowmuchmotherswouldearnfromthatlabour,itsuggestedsomeoftheroles

thatmumscouldtakeon,includinghousekeeper,part-timelawyer,personaltrainerandentertainer,

beingapart-timelawyer,at$48.98anhour,wouldprovetobethemostprofitableofthe“mum

jobs”,withpsychologist（心理学家）aclosesecond.

Italsoaskedmothersaboutthechallengestheyface,with80percentmakingemotional（情

感的）demandasthehardes