2021届高考英语二轮复习组合练十四阅读理解阅读七选五语法填空含解析

组合练（十四）阅读理解+阅读七选五十语法填空

1.阅读理解

A

success.Researchersoflifeandinmanysituations,persuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthem

todoisthekeytosuccess.Researchershavelookedintodifferentaspectsofpersuasionand

comeupwithsomeinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.

sales.InsteadertisingcopywritercameupwithanapproachtosellingaproductonaTVshopping

channelviaphonesales.InsteadofbeinginstructedOperatorsarewaiting,pleasecallnow”,

viewersweretold“Ifoperatorsarextraordinary.Thecall.Insteadresultswere

extraordinary.Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren，tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Instead

thereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycould

getit.

Whatrochoice.Ajam.Theone.Butbuy.Ifchoice.Aopletobuyorgetsomething?Onestudyina

supermarketshowedtheeffectofchoice.Aparticularsupermarketdisplayedeither6or24

differentkindsofjam.Thelargedisplayattractedmoreinterestthanthesmallone.Butwhen

thetimecametopurchasethings,peoplewhosawthelargedisplaywereone-tenthaslikelyto

buy.Iftheydobuy,theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection,eventhoughtheyhavemadea

goodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhigh

expectations.

mind.Itnotheraspectofpersuasionconcernsgettingsomeonetochangetheirmind.It'shardto

provetosomeonethatapreviousdecisioniswrong,andaspeoplegetoldertheygetlessand

lesswillingtochangemind.Peoplemind.Peoplewantthingstobeunwavering；theywanttheir

attitudes,statements,valuesandactionstofollowasetpattern.Theonlywaytopersuadethem

tochangeistoacknowledgethisbyagreeingthatthepreviousdecisiontheymadeisaperfectly

understandableone.Thisallowsthemtofocusonyoursuggestionwithoutfeelingtheirprevious

decisioniswrong.Asaresult,theymaybepersuadedtobreakoutoftheirestablishedpattern.

［语篇解读］说服别人对取得成功至关重要，作者在文中介绍了在实际生活中说服别人的不同方式，以展

示应该如何做说服工作。

1.Whatdoestheadvertisingcopywriterwanttoindicateabouttheproduct?

A.It'sindemand.B.It'srare.

C.It'sforsale.D.It'sprecious.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren，tsittingaroundhopingpeople

wouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowait

untiltheycouldgetit.”可知，告知观众“如果接线员正忙，请再呼叫”，而不是“接线员正在等待,

请现在呼叫”是一种说服策略。接线员正忙，说明订购的人多，暗示产品受到大家的认可，很抢手，故选

Aoindemand“需求大”。

答案：A

2.WhatdoesthestudymentionedinParagraph3show?

A.Moreselectionsbringmoreactions.

B.Increasedchoicedecreasessatisfaction.

C.Moreandmorepeopledon，twanttochoose.

D.Somechoicesaremoreattractivethanothers.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Iftheydobuy,theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection,

eventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffort

andleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.可知,选择的范围变大，会增加人们对自己的决定的

不满，因为更多的选择需要投入更多的时间和更大的努力，人们也会产生过高的期望，由此可知本题选B。

答案：B

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unwavering“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Reliable.B.Demanding.

C.Unique.D.Consistent.

解析：词义猜测题。画线词前面谈到“随着年龄的增长，人们越来越不愿意改变自己的想法”，该词后面

谈到“人们希望自己的态度、言论、价值观和行动都遵循既定的模式”。由此推知画线词所在句应表示人

们希望事情（观点、决定等）始终如一，故画线词与consistent”一致的，始终如一的”意义相近。reliable

“可靠的"；demanding“要求高的"；unique“独特的”。

答案：D

4.Whatistheauthor，spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Tocomparedifferentformsofpersuasion.

B.Todiscussvariousstudiesonpersuasion.

C.Toteachhowtogetbetteratpersuasion.

D.Toanalyzehowpersuasionaffectssuccess.

解析：写作意图题。根据第一段“Inmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituations,persuadingpeople

todowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess...someinterestingresultswhicharesurely

helpfultous."可知，说服影响着人们的成功，研究人员研究了说服的不同方面，得出了一些有趣的结

果，这些结果会对我们有帮助。下文作者介绍了三个方面的说服案例和说服策略，其目的很明显：教人们

如何更好地说服别人做某事。

答案：C

B

Twounusualgroups—thesamecompaniesthatarecausingthemostpollution,theBPoilcompany

andDeltaAirLines,bothannouncedplanstobecomecarbonneutral（碳中和）by2050through

decreasingresourceusageaswellasapplyingusefultechnology.Severalotherlargeoil

companies,likeShell,Total,andEni,haveannouncedsimilargoals.Otherairlines,likeQantas

andJetBlue,areworkingonthesameplan.Sinceairlinetravelcausesaround2%—3%oftheworld's

greenhousegases,makingairlinescarbonneutralwouldbeagreatstep.Somepeoplebelievethe

companiesare“greenwashing”.Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform,

andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.Orsomecompaniesplantomeetsome

climategoalsbybuying“carbonoffsets（补偿）”,whichmeanspayingsomeoneelsetocut

pollutionorremovegreenhousegases.Butit'snotalwaysclearthatoffsettingtrulylowers

pollution.

Globalheatingisahugepartoftheclimateemergency.Theworldisgettinghottermainly

becausehumansareburning“fossil（化石）fuels“likecoalandoil.Thesefuelsgiveoff

pollutantsoftencalledgreenhousegases.Tobecomecarbonneutral,it'snecessarytostopburning

fossilfuels.Climateexpertshavesaidthebestsolutionistoleaveoilandcoalintheground,

althoughit'sstillhardtoreachforthemoment.Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplanting

treesandallowingmoreareasforforest."It'sslowbutgood,“saidanexpertfromUNEP.

Man-madetechnologytoremovelargequantitiesofgreenhousegasesfromtheatmosphere

doesn'texistyet.Theideabehindthistechnologyisthatpollutinggasescouldberemovedfrom

theatmosphere,caught,andstoredsomehow-usuallyunderground.Thoughmanyquestionsremain

abouthowthecompanieshopetomeettheirgoals,sincethemaintechnologytheyexpectandneed

isinaccessible,theirplannedchangesareactuallykeepingupwiththedevelopmentofmodern

society.What'smore,theyareputtingbillionsofdollarsintotheefforttomakecarboncapture

technologyhappen.

［语篇解读］为减少大气中的温室气体，世界上几家大的石油公司和航空公司相继宣布成为“碳中和”公

司的计划，减少碳排放量。他们提供资金，开发碳捕获技术。

5.WhydosomepeoplesaythecompaniesmentionedinParagraph1aregreenwashing?

A.Theyjustbuycarbonoffsets.

B.Theypaylipservicetoenvironmentalissues.

C.Theyallplantobecarbonneutral.

D.Theydonotshareacommonplanandgoal.

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform,

andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.”可知，有人认为这些公司在“漂

绿”，是因为他们实际上还是在以过去的方式经营企业，没有人打算立即停止污染活动，或者他们计划通

过购买“碳补偿”来实现这些气候目标，但人们并不总是清楚碳补偿行为是否真的能降低污染。也就是说，

关于环境污染问题，他们只是口头上说说，未采取行动。paylipserviceto指“对……只予以口头上的

支持”，故选B。

答案：B

02/5

6.Whatistheexistingwaytoreducegreenhousegases?

A.Expandingforestcoverage.

B.Stoppingburningfossilfuels.

C.Catchingandstoringthegases.

D.Closingdownpollutingfactories.

解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowing

moreareasforforest.'It'sslowbutgood.'saidanexpertfromUNEP.”可知，现在最可行的办

法就是多种树，扩大森林面积，故A项“扩大森林覆盖率”符合题意。

答案：A

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheannouncementbythecompanies?

A.Ambiguous.B.Skeptical.

C.Positive.D.Critical.

解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为虽然这些公司需要的碳捕获技术还没有开发出来，但他

们的这些计划（成为“碳中和”公司）跟上了现代社会的发展，此外，他们正投入数十亿美元来实现碳捕获

技术。由此推知，作者对此的态度是积极的。

答案：C

8.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.WhatPossiblyLeadstoGlobalHeating?

B.CompaniesTakeonClimateEmergency

C.WhoAreResponsibleforGreenhouseGases?

D.TechnologyforClimateChangeIsontheWay

解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段谈到了很多企业纷纷宣布成为“碳中和”公司或计划购买“碳补偿”来实

现气候目标；第二段谈到了温室效应与缓解方法；第三段谈到了碳捕获技术的开发以及作者对企业成为

“碳中和”公司的行动的态度。综合来看，B项较为完整地概括了文章主题，体现了文章重心，适合用作

标题。takeon表示“决定做，同意负责，承担（责任）”。

答案：B

II.阅读七选五

Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Therearenormallytwotypesoflearninginour

dailylifeandstudy—activelearningandpassive（被动的）learning.[Thiswillhelpyou

developahabitofactivelearninggradually.

2Ibetthatnoonesitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotgettingthecontents.But

rmsurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyoureadan

assignment,closedthebookandthought“whattheworldwasabout."3Active

readers,ontheotherhand,setgoalsandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinish,

theycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthatthey，veseenwhattheyhaveread.

Activelearnersthinkaboutinformationdeeplyandcritically.Beingthoughtfulisan

importantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingthe

information.4Forinstance,youmaymakeconnectionsbetweenthenewinformationandwhat

youalreadyknow,identifyconceptsthatyoumaynotunderstandverywell,orevaluatethe

importanceofwhatyouarereading.Anactivelearnerconsidersconstantlyinthisway.In

contrast,passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmost

ofwhatisreadandheard.5

Al1inall,behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.Equipping

yourselfwithstudystrategies（策略）ofactivelearnersmayeventuallyhelpyoubecomeoneof

them.

A.Passivelearnerswon'tbestrictwiththemselves.

B.Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem.

C.Inotherwords,youareprocessingwhatyouread.

D.However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.

E.Activelearnersacceptmuchoftheresponsibilityforlearning.

F.Wheninteractingwiththetextinthisway,youaredoingpassively.

G.Activelearnersstudywiththepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.

［语篇解读］作者在文中介绍了两种不同的学习类型——主动学习和被动学习，并介绍了它们的区

别，让学生了解主动学习是如何进行的，进而养成主动学习的习惯。

1.解析：上文提到通常有主动和被动两种学习方式，下文内容介绍了它们的不同，所以空处是承上启下

句。故B项符合语境，且与最后一段中的“Allinall,behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassive

onevariesgreatly.w首尾相呼应。

答案：B

2.解析：根据行文结构可知，本空概括段落内容，第二段主要讲解不同学习模式中对阅读的不同的处理

方式,再结合“setgoalsandchecktheirunderstanding...whattheyhaveread”可判断,G项“主

动学习者带着理解和记忆信息的目的进行阅读”正确。

答案：G

3.解析：空前内容介绍一种不好的学习方式，空后有转折词组ontheotherhand,紧接着是主动学习者

如何进行阅读，故空前应该是被动学习者的做法，F项符合语境。

答案：F

4.日军析：空前提至ljubecauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation”,

空后举例说明如何思考及处理信息，C项是前文的释义，且与下文表意一致，符合语境。

答案：C

5.解析：空前提到“相反，被动学习者阅读和听讲座时能理解大部分内容”，本文一直在对比两种学习

方式的不同,故D项“However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.w符合题意，

选项中的it指代空前的"whatisreadandheard”。

答案：D

III.语法填空

Chinesemuseumsmighthavebeen1.(temporary)closedearlierthisyear,

2.manyarestillopentoonlinevisitors.A3.(grow)numberofChinese

museumsarepresentingtheircollectionofartifacts(手工艺品)ontheInternet.SinceFebruary,

onlineplatformsincludingTaobaoandDouyin4.(hold)livestreaming(直播)eventsfrom

China'smuseums.Theprograms,5.havereceivedmorethan10million

6.(day)visits,haveprovedpopularaccordingtomediareports.Somelivestreaming

hostshavebecomeInternetcelebrities.BaiXuesong,thehostofXi'anBeilinMuseum's

livestreamingeventonSunday,receivedmorethan1.75million“likes”.Avoidingboring

descriptionwhileintroducingexhibits,hishumoroustoneandfunnystorieswonthe

7.(heart)ofhisaudience.Insteadofbeinglaidasideand8.(ignore),