初中英语 句型专练 教案

句子种类专讲专练句子按说话目的可分为四种类型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

[陈述句]☞考点：陈述句的肯定结构和否定结构。在肯定结构中，谓语部分不含否定词；否定结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not，除了not外，其他否定词，如：no,hardly,never,neither,nor等，也可以构成否定结构。【考例链接】1.LiLeidoesthehouseworkeveryday.

(改为否定句)LiLei____________thehouseworkeveryday.

(2016湖北孝感)2.BothLucyandMaycanspeakJapaneseverywell.

(变成否定句)______Lucy______MaycanspeakJapaneseverywell.

(2016黑龙江绥化)3.Therearemanyoldpeopleexercisingintheparknow.

(改为否定句)There____________manyoldpeopleexercisingintheparknow.

(2015重庆B卷)4.Benhasfinishedtheprojectonreusingnaturalresources.(改为否定句)Ben____________theprojectonreusingnaturalresources.

(2015贵州安顺)

[疑问句]疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。课标要求同学们掌握前三种。☞考点一：一般疑问句。一般疑问句用yes

或no

来回答，其回答常用简略答语。一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语前(有时谓语动词的形式需进行相应变化)。【考例链接】1.Hehasfourlessonsinthemorningeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)______he______fourlessonsinthemorningeveryday?

(2016甘肃天水)2.Theteacherexplainedtousthepuzzlingproblemyesterdayafternoon.

(改为一般疑问句)_____theteacher_____toyouthepuzzlingproblemyesterdayafternoon?(2014甘肃平凉)☞考点二：特殊疑问句。1.

以疑问词开始，以寻求信息为目的的句子叫特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes或no，而要根据实际情况回答。2.

常用的疑问词有：疑问代词what,which,who,whose,whom；疑问副词when,where,why,how；疑问词组howsoon,howlong,howfar,howoften,whatclass,whattime,whatcolor,howold,howmany,howmuch等。3.

特殊疑问句的一般结构是：“疑问词(不作主语)+一般疑问句语序？”

但对主语或修饰主语的定语提问时，要用陈述句语序。【考例链接】1.

Withthehelpofmyfriend,Ilearnedaboutsendingmessages.

(就划线部分提问)____________youlearnaboutsendingmessages?

(2016新疆乌鲁木齐)2.Hisfatheris

tallandthin.

(对划线部分提问)____________hisfatherlooklike?

(2016黑龙江绥化)3.Icanfinishthereportonfoodsafety

intwodays.

(对划线部分提问)____________canyoufinishthereportonfoodsafety?

(2016甘肃天水)4.TheChinesegraduatebecameastar

becauseofhisspeechatHarvard.

(对划线部分提问)____________theChinesegraduatebecomeastar?

(2016上海)5.Thegirl

boughtlotsofclothes

onthedayofDouble11lastyear.(对划线部分提问)____________thegirldoonthedayofDouble11lastyear?

(2016重庆B卷)6.Davewasmakingamodelplane

intheclassroom

atthattime.(对划线部分提问)____________Davemakingamodelplaneatthattime?

(2016重庆A卷)7.It's

about2kilometers

frommyhometoschool.

(对划线部分提问)____________isitfromyourhometoschool?

(2015湖北孝感)☞考点三：选择疑问句。选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上情况，用or连接。回答时不能用yes或no，而要根据选择的情况进行回答。它有两种形式，一种类似一般疑问句的形式，一种类似特殊疑问句的形式。【考例链接】(

)1.—Doyoulikelisteningtocountrymusicorrockmusic?—_____.Itbringsmepleasure.A.Yes,Ido

B.No,Idon'tC.Ilikemusic

D.Countrymusic

(2015

吉林长春)2.Myfavoritecolorisgreen.

(用yellow改为选择疑问句)_____yourfavoritecolorgreen_____yellow?

(2015黑龙江绥化)

[祈使句]☞考点一：肯定式祈使句的肯定式以动词原形开头，祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但往往省略。有时为了强调对方时，可以写出主语you或人名。为了使语气变得委婉、客气，可在句首或句末加上please。☞考点二：否定式在动词原形前加don’t构成否定的祈使句。☞考点三：祈使句可用于句型“祈使句+and/or+分句”中，祈使句相当于条件状语从句。【考例链接】(

)1._____alongthisstreet,andyoucanfindthehotelonyourright,nexttothemarket.A.Walk

B.Towalk

C.Walks

D.Walking(2015

吉林长春)(

)2._____onthegrass,oritwill“cry”.A.Towalk

B.Nottowalk

C.Walk

D.Don'twalk(2015陕西)(

)3._____kindandhelpfultothepeoplearoundus,andwewillmaketheworldanicerplacetolivein.A.Be

B.Being

C.Tobe

D.Been

(2015河南)(

)4.Daniel,_____playwiththemobilephonewhileyou'rewalkinginthestreet.A.don't

B.doesn't

C.won't

D.can't

(2015江苏盐城)5.Youshouldn'tdrivecarsafterdrinkingwine.

(改为祈使句)__________carsafterdrinkingwine.

(2016新疆乌鲁木齐)

[感叹句]感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由what或how引导，句末用感叹号。☞考点一：what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词，它引导的感叹句有三种句型：1.What+a/an+

形容词

+

单数可数名词

(+

主语

+

其他)!2.What+

形容词

+

复数可数名词(+

主语

+

其他)!3.What+

形容词

+

不可数名词(+

主语

+

其他)!☞考点二：how引导的感叹句。how作状语，修饰形容词或副词，它引导的感叹句的句型为：How+

形容词

/

副词(+

主语

+

其他)!

【考例链接】(

)1.—Whatprogrammeissoattractive?—Theguardofhonor(仪仗队)ofthePLAaretakingpartintheparadeonRedSquare.—_____excitingevent!A.Howa

B.WhatanC.Howan

D.Whata(

)2.—JaneZhangisgoingtoholdaconcerthereinJuly.—Really?_____excitingnews!A.How

B.Whatan

C.What(

)3.—Sofar,SuBingtianistheonlyChinesewhofinishedthe100-meterraceinlessthan10seconds.—_____heruns！A.Howslow

B.Howfast

C.Whataslow

D.Whatafast

(

)4.—DidyouwatchtheTVshow

RunningMan

lastnight?—Yes,I