北京第二外国语学院261英语（二外）历年考研真题及详解

目录

2002年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解4

2003年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解14

2004年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解32

2005年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解50

2006年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解65

2007年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解81

2008年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解97

2009年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解113

2010年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解126

2011年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解140

2012年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解153

2013年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解167

2014年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解181

2015年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解195

2016年北京第二外国语学院261英语考研真题及详解209

2017年北京第二外国语学院261英语（二外）考研真题及详解223

说明：①往年科目代码是211或者261，科目名称是“英语”或者“英语（二外）”，本书采用近年科目代码和名

称，即“261英语（二外）”。②本书精心搜集了市面上的历年真题，并整理了答案详解，备考价值尤为珍贵！若

需要纸质内容，可以申请定制打印版，详情咨询在线客服！

2002年北京第二外国语学院211英语考研真题及详解

Ⅰ.Cloze(10%)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

YoushouldchoosetheOneanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswer

Sheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Americansliketodobusinesswithoutleavingtheircars.You‘ll(1)_____drive-inbanks,drive-inrestaurants,

drive-inchurchesanddrive-inmovies.

When(2)_____intheU.S.,it‘sagoodideatohaveaninternationaldriver‘s(3)_____ifyoudon‘thaveastate

license.Eachofthefiftystates(4)_____itsowntrafficlaws.Forexample,insomestatesdriverscanpumptheirown

gasasself-serviceislands(5)_____inothersthisisnotallowed.Drivers(6)_____andunderstandthelaws(7)_____

theydon‘tliveinthestate.Getinformationwhenyoucrossthe(8)_____intoastateatatouristinformationcenter.

Thereisanationalspeedlimitof55milesperhour,(9)_____about80kilometersperhour.Americansusually

startandstopslowlyandaregenerallypoliteaboutlettingcarsenterbusystreets.Theyusuallystopforpeoplewhoare

walkingtoletthem(10)_____thestreet.Inmanystatesyoumayturnrightafterstoppingatacorner,evenifthereisa

(11)_____light.Onsomeroadstheremaybeminimumspeed.

Ifyourentacar,askthecompany(12)_____incaseyourcar(13)_____.Somecompanieswillaskyoutocalla

specialnumber.(14)_____willwantyoutohavethecar(15)_____.Theywilldeductthecostoftherepairfromyour

bill.

―Mileage‖canmeantwothings.Itmaymeanthetotalnumberofmilesacar(16)_____.Wesay,―Thiscarhas

10,000milesonit;ithaslowmileage.‖(17)_____,―gasmileage‖isthenumberofmilesacarcantravelononeU.S.

gallonofgas.Forexample,abigcarthat(18)_____25milestothegallongetsverygoodmileage.Asmalleconomycar

shouldget(19)_____35milestothegallonwhenit‘snew.

Ifyouwanttorentavehicleyoucan(20)_____,youshouldaskaboutRV‘srecreationalvehicles.Youdon‘tneeda

cartopullanRV—youcandriveit!Yetit‘sasbigasahousetrailer.Youcanalsorentacampingtrailer.

1.A.lookinto

B.catchaglimpse

C.takeaglance

D.see

2.A.driving

B.todrive

C.beingdriven

D.tobedriven

3.A.IDcard

B.lease

C.passport

D.license

4.A.have

B.share

C.has

D.shared

5.A.when

B.if

C.as

D.while

6.A.areexpectedtoknow

B.areexpectedknowing

C.expectedtoknow

D.expectedknowing

7.A.until

B.evenif

C.incase

D.when

8.A.territory

B.border

C.suburbs

D.line

9.A.and

B.orso

C.orelse

D.or

10.A.toacross

B.across

C.tocross

D.cross

11.A.yellow

B.green

C.red

D.brown

12.A.todowhat

B.whattodo

C.whatdo

D.whatshoulddo

13.A.breaksout

B.breaksdown

C.breaksoff

D.breaksup

14.A.Others

B.Theother

C.Another

D.Theothers

15.A.repair

B.repaired

C.repairing

D.toberepaired

16.A.hasbeendriving

B.hasdriven

C.isdriven

D.hasbeendriven

17.A.Onanotherhand

B.Ononehand

C.Ontheotherhand

D.Ontheotherhands

18.A.got

B.gets

C.getting

D.hasgot

19.A.atleast

B.atless

C.atlast

D.atlest

20.A.sleepat

B.sleepover

C.sleepon

D.sleepin

【答案与解析】

1.D上文提到“美国人喜欢不离开他们的车完成一切业务”，空格所在处则举例说明。see看到；普通用词。look

into调查；观察。catchaglimpse瞥见。takeaglance看一眼。句意：你会看到免下车的银行，免下车餐馆，

免下车的教堂和免下车电影院。

2.A本文主要讲的是关于开车的问题，并根据后文提到的“如果没有州驾驶证，带上国际驾驶证也是不错的”

可知是在美国开车，所以用现在分词表示主动语态。

3.D根据后文出现的statelicense可知此处应该指的是internationallicense（国际驾驶证），与后文形成对应。

4.C主语为eachof+复数名词时，为单数概念，故谓语动词也应该是单数形式。这里表达的意思是“50个州各

自有不同的法律”，是在描述客观事实，故用一般现在时。

5.D空格前文提到“在一些州司机可以自己给汽车加油”，下文则说“在有些州这是不被允许的”，由此可知

句子间存在对比转折关系，所以应该选while，意为“然而；但是”。

6.Abeexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事；固定搭配。这里指的是“司机被期望要知道和理解这些法律”。

7.Bevenif即使；引导让步状语从句。句意：司机应该知道和理解这些法律即使他们不住在这个州。

8.Bcrosstheborder越过边境；固定搭配。句中指的是越过州界。

9.Dor或者；连接两个数字，表示选择。句意：全国的车速限制是每小时55英里或80英里。

10.Dletsb.dosth.让某人做某事；用动词原形。crossthestreet过马路；固定搭配。

11.Cevenif即使；引导让步状语从句。句意是“在许多州即使是红灯，你也可以在路口右转”。

12.Basksb.whattodo意为“询问某人怎么办”。疑问词+动词不定式表示一种省略，完整结构应该是askthe

companywhatyoushoulddo。

13.Bbreakdown（机器等）发生故障，失灵；抛锚。句意：如果你想租车，你应该问问租车公司该怎样做以防

车子出故障。

14.Asome...others...意为“一些„„另一些”，没有具体的范围，单纯表示列举。

15.Bhavesth.done表示“让事情发生；使某人做某事”。这里指的是“另一些公司会想让你找人把车修好”。

16.D里程可以指汽车已经行驶过的总英里数。car和动词drive之间存在动宾关系，所以应该用被动语态；用

现在完成时表示到现在为止的总里程数，并且数字还会持续变化下去。

17.C上文提到“里程包括两种含义，一种是汽车已经行驶了多少英里”。空格后又列举了另外一种含义，所

以应该选ontheotherhand，意为“另一方面”。

18.B通过分析句子结构可知空格处为定语从句的谓语动词。主句为一般现在时，且先行词为单数概念，故从句

谓语动词也应该保持一致，答案选B。

19.A小型经济型汽车一加仑汽油所行驶的里程会更长，所以选atleast，意为“至少”。句意：一辆小型经济

型轿车在新开的时候，至少每加仑汽油要跑35英里。

20.Dsleepinthecar睡在车里；固定搭配。句意：如果你想租一辆能在里面睡觉的车，你应该询问一下房车的

休闲车类。

Ⅱ.ReadingComprehension(50%)

SectionA(40%)

Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.For

eachofthemtherearcchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasingelinethroughthecenter.

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Bondhadwalkedforonlyafewminuteswhenitsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathewasbeingfollowed.Therewas

noevidenceforitexceptaslighttinglingofthescalpandanextraawarenessofthepeoplenearhim,buthehadfaithin

hissixthsenseandheatoncetoppedinfromoftheshopwindowhewaspassingandlookedcasuallybackalong46th

Street.Nothingbutalotofmiscellaneouspeoplemovingslowlyonthesidewalks,mostlyonthesamesideashimself,

thesidethatwasshelteredfromthesun.Therewasnosuddenmovementintoadoorway,nobodycasuallywipinghis

facewithahandkerchieftoavoidrecognition,nobodybendingdowntotieashoelace.

BondexaminedtheSwisswatchesinhisshopwindowandthenturnedandsaunteredon.Afterafewyardshe

stoppedagain.Stillnothing.HewentonandturnedrightintotheAvenueoftheAmericas,stoppinginthefirstdoorway,

theentrancetoawomen‘sunderwearstorewhereamaninatansuitwithhisbacktohimwasexaminingtheblacklace

pantsonaparticularlyrealisticdummy.Bondturnedandleantagainstapillarandgazedlazilybutwatchfullyoutinto

thestreet.

Andthensomethinggrippedhispistolarmandavoicesnarled:―Allright,Limey.Takeiteasyunlessyouwantlead

forlunch,‖andhefeltsomethingpressintohisbackjustabovethekidneys.

Whatwastherefamiliaraboutthatvoice?TheLaw?TheGang?Bondglanceddowntoseewhatwasholdinghis

rightarm.Itwasasteelhook.We,ifthemanhadonlyonearm!Likelightningheswiveled,bendingsidewaysand

bringinghisleftfistroundinaflailingblow,lowdown.

Therewasasmackashisfistwascaughtintheotherman‘slefthand,andatthesametimeasthecontact

telegraphedtoBond‘smindthattherecouldhavebeennogun.therecamethewell-rememberedlaughandthelazyvoice

saying:―Nogood,James.Theangelshavegotyou.‖

Bondstraightenedhimselfslowlyandforamomenthecouldonlygazeintothegrinninghawk-lifefaceofFelix

Leiterwithblankdisbelief,hisbuilt-uptensionslowlyrelaxing.

―Soyouweredoingafronttail,youbastard,‖hefinallysaid.

1.―Sixthsense‖means_____.

A)instinct

B)commonsense

C)senseofhumor

D)memory

2.WhydidBondstopinthedoorwaytotheunderwearshop?

A)tolookatthemaninthefimsuit

B)tolookattheunderwear

C)togetoutoftheheat

D)toseewhowasfollowinghim

3.Whatisa―dummy‖?

A)amodelusedfordisplayingclothes.

B)abeautifulgirl

C)somebodywhocan‘tspeak

D)anadvertisement.

4.Whatismeantby―Takeiteasyunlessyouwantleadforlunch‖?

A)Yougofirstslowlyandwe‘llhavelunchtogether.

B)Takethegungentlyoritwillgooff

C)Don‘tmoveorI‘llshootyou.

D)Putyourhandsup.

5.Whatdoes―doingafronttail‖mean?

A)walkingbackwards.

B)followingsomebodyfrominfront.

C)hidingbehindpeople.

D)pretendingtobesomebodyelse.

【答案与解析】

1.A定位至文章首段第二句话。sixthsense意为“第六感；直觉”。instinct（直觉；本能）与其表达意思相同。

句意表达的是“Bond是通过第六感觉察到自己被人跟踪了”。

2.D文章首段第二句提到“...heatoncetoppedinfromoftheshopwindowhewaspassingandlookedcasuallyback

along46thStreet”，由此可知Bond的第六感觉察到有人在跟踪他所以他停下来是为了看看到底是谁在跟踪

他。

3.Adummy意为“（商店橱窗中陈列服装等用的）人体模型，服装模型”，故选项A的解释符合要求。

4.C文章第三段最后一句提到“...hefeltsomethingpressintohisbackjustabovethekidneys.”，感觉到什么东西

顶在他的腰部，他意识到可能遇上歹徒了。lead有“子弹”的意思；所以选项C“不要动不然我一枪崩了

你”最符合句意要求。

5.B从前面部分我们知道，当他往后面看的时候，并没有发现可疑的情况。后面有人跟踪的话，我们一般会说

“后面有尾巴”。而afronttail则是反过来的，所以afronttail应该是指“被人从前面跟踪了”，因为这是

朋友搞的恶作剧。故答案选B。

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

InUtopiathechief,andalmosttheonly,businessofthemagistratesistotakecarethatnomanliveidle,butthat

everyonemayfollowhistradediligently;yettheydonotwearthemselvesoutwithperpetualtoil,frommorningtonight,

asiftheywerebeastsofburden,whichasitisindeedaheavyslavery,soitiseverywherethecommoncourseoflife

amongallmechanicsexcepttheUtopians;butthey,dividingthedayandnightinto24hours,appointsixofthesefor

work,threeofwhicharebeforedinner,andthreeafter.Theythensup,andateighto‘clock,countingfromnoon,goto

bedandsleepeighthours.Therestoftheirtime,besidesthattakenupinwork,eating,andsleeping,islefttoevery

man‘sdiscretion;yettheyarenottoabusethatintervaltoluxuryandidleness,butmustemployittosomeproper

exerciseaccordingtothevariousinclinations,whichisforthemostpartreading.Itisordinarytohavepubliclectures

everymorningbeforedaybreak;atwhichnoneareobligedtoappearbutthosewhoaremarkedoutforliterature;yeta

greatmany,bothmenandwomenofallranks,gotohearlecturesofonesortorother,accordingtotheirinclinations.But

ifothers,thatarenotmadeforcontemplation,chooserathertoemploythemselvesatthattimeintheirtrades,asmanyof

themdo.Theyarenothindered,butarerathercommended,asmenthattakecaretoservetheircountry.Aftersupper,

theyspendanhourinsomediversion,insummerintheirgardensandinwinterinthehallswheretheyeat,wherethey

entertaineachother,eitherwithmusicordiscourse.Theydonotsomuchasknowdice,oranysuchfoolishand

mischievousgames.Butthetimeappointedforlaboristobenarrowlyexamined,otherwiseyoumayimagine,thatsince

thereareonlysixhoursappointedforwork,theymayfallunderascarcityofnecessaryprovisions.Butitissofarfrom

beingtrue,thatthistimeisnotsufficientforsupplyingthemwithplentyofallthingseithernecessaryorconvenient;that

itisrathertoomuch;andthisyouwilleasilyapprehendifyouconsiderhowgreatapartofallothernationsisquiteidle.

6.InUtopia,accordingtotheauthor,theprimarytaskofthemagistratesisto_____.

A)recruitnewmembersintothesociety.

B)takecarethateveryoneisdiligentlyemployed.

C)assigndutiestothelaborforce.

D)exercisetheirauthoritarianpowers.

7.Itspecified,inUtopia,thatleisuretimemustnotbespent_____.

A)inluxuryandidleness.

B)inattendinglectures.

C)atone‘scustomaryjob.

D)inamassingwealth.

8.Thosewhoduringtheirleisuretime,selectinsteadtoworkattheirtradesarebelievedtobe_____.

A)unintelligent.

B)overlyambitious.

C)outstandingartisansandcraftsmen.

D)performingaservicetothestate.

9.ThatacitizenofUtopianmaydowhateverhewishesis,asimpliedbytheauthor_____.

A)impossible

B)trueonlywithintheframeworkofthesociety‘srules.

C)desirable

D)contingentupontheamountofworkheproduces.

10.Itmaybeinferred,afterreadingtheselection,thattheUtopianstate_____.

A)isnotdemocratic.

B)isthemostperfectkindofsocialorganization.

C)isanevilconceptofsocialorganization.

D)hassomefeaturesanysocietymightwellimitate.

【答案与解析】

6.B文章第一句提到“InUtopiathechief,andalmosttheonly,businessofthemagistratesistotakecarethatnoman

liveidle,butthateveryonemayfollowhistradediligently.”，在乌托邦中，地方官最主要的也是最基本的的

工作就是要保证没有人是无所事事的，每个人都在勤奋努力地工作。

7.A文章第三句提到“...yettheyarenottoabusethatintervaltoluxuryandidleness…”，由此可知在乌托邦，空

闲时间不能用来享受奢华、无所事事。

8.D文章第六句话提到“Theyarenothindered,butarerathercommended,asmenthattakecaretoservetheir

country.”，他们没有受到阻碍，而是受到赞扬，就像那些为国家服务的人一样。由此可知那些选择在休

息时间工作的人是在为国家服务。

9.B文章第三句提到“...butmustemployittosomeproperexerciseaccordingtothevariousinclinations”，由此可

知在乌托邦人们可以自由选择自己想干的事但必须要遵守一定的规定，必须做一些合适的正确的事。

10.D文章最后一句提到“...thatitisrathertoomuch...”，由此可知乌托邦人可以创造充足的商品供给或需要的

东西，而很多其他国家的人都无所事事，无法创造充足的财富。故其他国家有可能会学习一些乌托邦国

的做法。

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Therearedesertplantswhichsurvivethedryseasonintheformofinactiveseeds.Therearealsodesertinsects

whichsurviveasinactivelarvae.Inaddition,difficultasitistobelieve,therearedesenfishwhichcansurvivethrough

yearsofdroughtintheformofinactiveeggs.ThesearetheshrimpsthatliveintheMojaveDesert,anintenselydry

regioninthesouth-westoftheUnitedStateswhereshadetemperatureofover50℃areoftenrecorded.

TheeggsoftheMojaveshrimpsarethesizeandhavetheappearanceofgrainsofsand.Whensufficientspringrain

fallstoformalake,onceeverytwotofiveyears,theseeggshatch.Thenthewaterissoonfilledwithmillionsoftiny

shrimpsaboutamillimetrelongwhichfeedontinyplantandanimalorganismswhichalsogrowinthetemporarydesert

lake.Withinaweektheshrimpsgrowfromtheiroriginal1millimeterloalengthofabout1.5centimeters.

Throughoutthetimethattheshrimpsarerapidlymaturing,thewaterinthelakeequallyrapidlyevaporates.

Therefore,fortheshrimpsitisaraceagainsttime.Bythetwelfthday,however,whentheyareabout3centimeterlong,

hundredsoftinyeggsformontheunderbodiesofthefemales.Usuallybythistime,allthatremainsofthelakeisalarge,

muddypatchofwetsoil.Onthethirteenthdayandthenext,duringthefinalhoursoftheirbrieflives,theshrimpslay

theireggsinthemud.Then,havingensuredthattheirspecieswillsurvive,theshrimpsdieasthelastofthewater

evaporates.

Ifsufficientrainfallsthenextyeartoformanotherlake,theeggshatch,andonceagaintheshrimpspassrapidly

throughtheircycleofgrowthadulthood,egg-laying,anddeath.Someyearsthereisinsufficientraintoformalake;in

thiscase,theeggswillremaindormantforanotheryear,orevenlongerifnecessary.Very,veryoccasionally,perhaps

twiceinahundredyears,sufficientraintailstoformadeeplakethatlastsamonthormore.Inthisease,thespecies

passesthroughtwocyclesofgrowth,egg-laying,anddeath.Thus,onsuchoccasions,thespeciesmultipliesconsiderably,

whichfurtherensuresitssurvival.

11.WhichofthefollowingistheMOSTdistinctivefeatureofMojaveshrimps?

A)Theireggscansurviveyearsofdrought.

B)Theyfeedonplantandanimalorganism.

C)Theirlivesarebrief.

D)Theylaytheireggsinthemud.

12.Bysaying―fortheshrimpsitisaraceagainstthetime‖authormeans_____.

A)theyhavetoswimfasttoavoiddangerintherapidlyevaporatinglake.

B)theyhavetoswimfasttocatchtheanimalorganismsonwhichtheysurvive.

C)theyhavetocompletetheirlifecyclewithinashortspanoftimepermittedbytheenvironment.

D)theyhavetomultiplyasmanytimesaspossiblewithinthirteendays.

13.Thispassagemainlydealswith_____.

A)thesurvivalofdesertshrimps.

B)thelifespanoftheMojaveshrimps.

C)theimportanceofwatertolife.

D)lifeintheMojaveDesert.

14.Theword―dormant‖mostprobablymeans_____.

A)soft

B)strong

C)alert

D)inactive

15.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.

A)appearanceandsizearcmostimportantforlifetosurviveinthedesert.

B)aspeciesmustbeabletomultiplyquicklyinordertosurvive.

C)somespeciesdevelopauniquelifepatterntosurviveinextremelyharshconditions.

D)forsomespeciesonelifecycleinayearisenoughtosurvivethedesertdrought.

【答案与解析】

11.A文章首段第三句提到“...therearedesenfishwhichcansurvivethroughyearsofdroughtintheformofinactive

eggs.”，沙漠中有些鱼类可以以不活跃的卵的形态熬过漫长的干旱与酷暑。下文则举生活在莫哈韦沙漠

的小虾的例子进行说明。由此可知这些虾也可以以不活跃的卵的形态熬过干旱。故选项A正确。

12.C文章第三段第一、二句提到“在这些小虾迅速成长的同时，湖泊里的水也在迅速蒸发。因此，对于小虾

而言，它们的生命就是一场和时间的赛跑”；由此可知这些虾需要在湖泊水蒸发前抓紧时间完成生命进

程，故答案选C。

13.A文章主要介绍了在莫哈韦沙漠的虾类是如何应对恶劣的生存环境而得以生存的，故选项A“虾的生存”

最能概括文章的主旨大意。

14.D定位至文章最后一段第二句话。句意：在某些年份里，没有足够的雨水来形成湖泊，这些卵会蛰伏到下

一年，或者蛰伏的更久。dormant意为“休眠的；静止的；不活跃的”；inactive（不活跃的）与其表达

相同意思。

15.C文章主要介绍了虾类是如何适应沙漠恶劣的自然条件生存下来的，由此可推测出有些物种是会在恶劣的

条件中形成一种特有的生存模式，故答案选C。

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Haveyouevernoticed,whenlookingatamapoftheworld,thattheeastcoastofSouthAmericaandthewestcoast

ofAfricalookasthoughtheymightfittogether?Ifyouhave,youarenotalone.In1965theEnglishscientistSirEdwar

Bullardusedacomputertotestthefitofthetwocontinentsandfoundthatatanoceandepthof2,000metresthematch

wasverycloseindeed.

Itseemstooremarkabletobepossible,butthereisalotofevidencetosuggestthatAfricawasoncejoinedtpSouth

America.Forexample,thereisabeltofancientrocksalongtheeastcoastofBrazilwhichcorrespondswiththerocks

acrosstheSouthAtlanticinWestAfrica.

Thereisfurtherevidencethatexistinglandmasseswereoncelinked.Theremainsofa400-to-500-million-year-old

mountainchainhasbeenfoundrunningdowntheeasternpartofGreenlandwesternScandinaviaandthroughnorth-west

ScotlandandIrelandintowesternCanadaeventuallyfindingtheirwaytonorth-westAfrica.

Thenthereistheevidencefromlifeitself.Invariouspartsoftheworldtodaythesameanimalsandplantscanhe

foundonlandmassesseparatedby,insomecasesthousandsofmilesofoceans.Didtheyevolveatthesametimeintwo

differentplaces?Itseemsunlikely.Biologistsbelievethattheremusthavebeenlandbridgeswhichhavenowsunk

beneaththesea.Alsofossilsfoundinsedimentaryrocks(fossilsarethepreservedremainsoflifeforms)haveallowed

geologiststotracethesameplantsfromSouthAmericaandAntarcticainrocksperhaps300millionyearsold.

Theicethatisnowconfinedtothepolarregionshasnotalwaysbeensolimitedinextent.Indeedduringaperiodof

theEarth‘shistoryknownasthepermocarboniferousage（二叠石炭纪）about250-350millionyeasago,thereis

evidencefromtherocksthattherewereglacierscoveringSouthAmerica,partsofAfrica,India,Australia,aswellas

Antarctica.Ontheotherhandinthenorthernhemispherethereweredeserts.Ifthecontinentsweredistributedastheyare

today,itishardtounderstandhowthiscouldbe.

Sothereisconsiderableevidencetoshowwholecontinentsmovedapart,andnaturallymanypeoplehavetriedto

discoverhowandwhywholelandmassesmoved.

16.Howmanyproofsdoestheauthorgiveinthepassage?

A)3

B)6

C)4

D)7

17.Accordingtolireauthor‘sopinion,AfricaandSouthAmericadidn‘tmoveapartuntil_____.

A)500millionyearsago

B)350millionyearsago

C)250millionyearsago

D)300millionyearsago

18.―...eventuallyfindingtheirwaytonorth-westAfrica.‖means_____.

A)wecanfindawayfromtheeasternpartofGreenlandtonorth-westAfrica.

B)wecanalsofindtheseremainsinnorth-westAfrica.

C)themountainchaingoesfromtheeasternpartofGreenlandtonorth-westAfrica.

D)itisalongwayfromtheeasternpartofGreenlandtonorth-westAfrica.

19.Theword―glaciers‖mostprobablymeans_____.

A)forests

B)snow

C)ice

D)rocks

20.Themostappropriatetitleforthispassagewouldbe_____.

A)TheContinentalDrift

B)TheMovementoftheTwoContinents.

C)TheEvidenceoftheContinentalDrift.

D)TheHistoryoftheEarth.

【答案与解析】

16.B文章第二段第二句指出第一条证据：在巴西东海岸有一条古老的岩石带，与西非的南大西洋的岩石相对

应；第三段第一句为第二条证据：现有的大陆块曾经是相连的；第四段第二句为第三条证据：在当今世

界的各个地方，同样的动物和植物都能在陆地上发现，在某些情况下，它们可以被数千英里的海洋隔开；

第四段最后一句为第四条证据：从沉积岩中发现的化石中可以知道大约3亿年前，南美洲和南极洲有发

现同样的植物；第五段第二句为第五条证据：有来自岩石的证据表明，南美洲、非洲部分地区、印度、

澳大利亚和南极洲都有冰川覆盖；第五段最后一句指出第六条证据：北半球有沙漠。由此可知文章一共

指出了六条证据。

17.C文章倒数第二段第二句提到“IndeedduringaperiodoftheEarth‘shistoryknownasthepermocarboniferous

ageabout250-350millionyeasago,thereisevidencefromtherocksthattherewereglacierscoveringSouth

America,partsofAfrica,India,Australia,aswellasAntarctica.”；由此可知大约在2亿5000年至3亿5000

年前，南美洲、非洲部分地区、印度、澳大利亚和南美洲都是被冰川覆盖的，所以南美洲和非洲分隔开

的时间大约是在2亿5000年至3亿5000年前，故取最早的数2亿5000年前。

18.B定位至文章第三段最后一句话。findone‘swayto意为“到达；传播到”。句意：斯堪的纳维亚山脉西部、

格陵兰岛的东部发现了一条4亿至5亿年的山脉遗迹，通过西北的苏格兰和爱尔兰进入加拿大西部，最

终通往非洲西北部。由此可知非洲西北部也有这条山脉的遗迹，故答案选B。

19.C定位至文章倒数第二段第二句话。glaciers意为“冰川；冰河”；ice与其表达相同概念。大致句意：大约

在2亿5000年至3亿5000年前，岩石表明南美洲、非洲部分地区、印度、澳大利亚和南美洲都是被冰

川覆盖的。

20.C文章最后一段进行总结“Sothereisconsiderableevidencetoshowwholecontinentsmovedapart,andnaturally

manypeoplehavetriedtodiscoverhowandwhywholelandmassesmoved.”，有很多证据表明整个大陆是分

开的，自然也有很多人想知道整个大陆板块是如何以及为什么运动的。由此可知文章主要讲的就是大陆

板块运动和大洲形成的证据，故选项C“大陆漂移的证据”最符合文章标题要求。

SectionB(10%)

Directions:Thereisonepassageinthispart.Readthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesinto

Chinese.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

(1)Ownersareextremelydrivenanddynamic.Oftentheyexcelatmorethanoneskill.Inmanycases,production

expertsarealsomarketinggeniusesorskilledfinanciers.Replacingthemmayrequiremorethanoneperson.(2)

Therefore,familyhusinessownersshoulddetermineexactlyhowthebusinessfunctionsbycreatingorganizationalcharts.

Eachkeymemberofthesuccessionprocessshouldcreatehisorherownchart.Thesechartsshouldthenbecompared.(3)

Thedifferenceswillpointtogapsinthemanagementstructureandhighlightareasofmisunderstandinganddifferences

inperception.

Findingpeoplefromwithinthefamily,orfromoutside,tofillthosespotsmaynotbeeasy,norhappenovernight.

Therefore,itisvitaltodevelopanactionplanandtimetableearlyintheprocessinordertoallowforanorderlytransition

ofresponsibilities.

Fewbusinesses,evenfamilybusinesses,growwithoutthehelpofloyalemployees.(4)Moreoftenthannot,they

holdkeypositionsinmanagementTherefore,youmustkeepyouremployeesinformedaboutlong-rangesuccession

plans.Keymanagementmusthaveaclearpictureofwheretheystandandwhattheirresponsibilitieswillbeina

succession-managementstructure.(5)Developacompensationandbenefitstructurethatissufficienttoattractandretain

keymanagersaswellastomotivatethemtoperforminthebestinterestsofthebusinessandthefamily.

Thereisalsothematteroftiming.Thechildrenyouhopewilltakeovermaybetooyoungorinexperiencedwhen

youretire.Insuchcases,transitionalmanagementteamsmaybeformedtoprovideinterimmanagementuntilthe

childrenareproperlytrainedandseasonedtobeinapositiontomanagethebusinesssuccessfully.

【答案】

（1）业主不仅进取心强而且精力充沛。

（2）因此，家庭企业的业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定企业该怎样运行，参与交接过程的每

个主要成员也应该制定他们自己的组织机构图。

（3）各机构之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异并突出存在误会的主要方面及观念上的分歧。

（4）这些尽职的雇员多半担任了主要的管理职务。因此，应该将关于产业继承的长远计划随时通报给

他们。

（5）改进企业的劳保福利制度以吸引和留住主要的部门经理，激发他们的积极性，使他们能为企业和

业主的最大利益而工作。

Ⅲ.Writing(20%)

Directions:WriteonyourAnswerSheetanessayentitled“WheretoSpendtheLastDay”.