高考英语动词时态

EnglishBasicTenses2021/5/91他每天都来。他昨天来了.他已经来了.他明天来.

汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.Hecomeseveryday.2021/5/92

语态时态主动一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时.一般过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成进行时v./v-s/esV-edwill+vwould+v.had+donehave/has+donehave/hasbeen+V-ingam/is/are+V-ingwas/were+V-ing2021/5/93一:一般现在时定义:

一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态2021/5/94一般现在时的构成1、主语+be动词+其他2、主语+V原形+其他（do)3、主语+Vs\es+其他(does)2021/5/95具体运用11.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,twiceaweek\seldom\onceamonth\onSundaysIstudyhardeverydayandIget

alongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.2021/5/962.表示客观事实和普遍真理。(☆注意★：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。)

Theteachersaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.

ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.

具体运用22021/5/97具体运用33表示格言或警句中。Eg.1Pride____(go)beforeafall.

Eg.2Columbusprovedthattheearth____(be)round.2021/5/984汽车、飞机、会议等按时刻表将要发生的事。

Thetrain(start)atthreethisafternoon.Themeeting(hold)

at2:00p.m.everyday.5在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现。

Ifit

___(be)finetomorrow,we_______(go)tothecountryside.Ifhe______(come)thisafternoon，we__________(have)ameeting.

2021/5/991、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：

work--works,live--lives,play--plays,sing--sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.

2、以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词词尾加-esteach------teaches,wash-----washes.go-----goespass----passesfix---fixeseg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.动词变化规律2021/5/9103.以辅音字母加Y结尾的词，把Y变I在加ES，Studyflystudiesflies

4.特殊情况：havehas2021/5/9111——Didyougetonworkontime?——Sure.Thecitycenterwasn’tascrowdedthismorningasitusually____.AwasBisChasbeenDhadbeen

2.Ingeneral,mosttennis____onhardcourtsoronclay.A.plays

B.isplayed

C.hasplayed

D.hasbeenpalyed

3.——Whatareyourrulesforcarry-onluggage,Madam?——You____onlyonepieceofluggageonthepalne,Sir.

A.allow

B.allowed

C.areallowed

D.wereallowed

2021/5/9124.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_____tomorrow.

A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainD.isn’train5.He’llstayinBeijingtillhisaunt___well.Awillget Bwillbe Cgets Dremains6.It’s6o’clockinthemorning.It’stime

___________.

A.getupB.gotupC.togetup

D.getsup2021/5/913Example:

I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways________(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_______(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_______(be)happyatthattime.

导入之二：Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?2021/5/914二：一般过去时1.定义:动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。2021/5/915I___12yearsoldthisyear.I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.He____inShanghaiyesterday.Pleaselookatthesentences(be)2021/5/916They____(be)inChinatoday.They____(be)inJapanyesterday.am/iswasarewere2021/5/917I____(have)eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.I____(have)noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.He_____(have)fruiteveryday.He_____(have)3applesyesterday.have/hashad2021/5/918I

(get)upat6:30everymorning.I___(get)upat9:00lastSunday.He___(play)footballeveryafternoon.He_____(play)basketballyesterdayafternoon.He___(do)hishomeworkeveryevening.He____(do)somereadinglastnight.动词原形、第三人称单数动词过去式2021/5/9192:谓语构成1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式was,werehaddid一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外)I

wenttoschoolyesterday.They

wenttoschoolyesterday.2021/5/920一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成规则变化1.一般加ed2.以e结尾加dwork—workedchange—

changed3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加edstudy—studied4.不规则变化2021/5/921规则动词过去式-ed的发音1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/work/w3:k/edt/2.在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/play/pleI

/live/lIv

/edd/edd/2021/5/9223.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/visit/’vIzIt

/edId/finished

enjoyedshoutedmoved

helped

wantedcalled

needed

/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/2021/5/9231.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：He___

(get)homeatteno’clocklastnight.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的

间状语连用：Ioften

____(getup)veryearlyatthattime.3:用法2021/5/9243.表示已故人所做的事情。ComradeLeiFeng___(do)gooddeedsinhislife.4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。MissLiu

(get)upatseveno’clockthismorning,____(dress),

(have)breakfast,and___(go)towork.2021/5/9251.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago4.用于一般过去时的时间状语2021/5/926lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.与last

连用3.与yesterday

连用：2021/5/9274.与one

连用：onemorningeveningdayMondayafternoon5.与that

连用：thatmorningwinterdayyear2021/5/928justnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime6.其他时间状语：2021/5/929____you________(remember)tobuytheorangesyesterday?2.Who________(invent)thecomputer?3.We_____(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm_____(be)verygood.4.Whattime____you____(get)toschoolthismorning?5.Jim___(do)alotyesterday.He____(go)shoppingand______(cook)supper.

用动词的适当时态填空

2021/5/9306.Heusually____(get)upat6inthemorning.Look!He______(get)upnow.Butyesterdayhe____(get)upverylate,sohe____(go)toschoollate.He___(be)lateforschool.2021/5/931一般过去时用在虚拟语气中1（事实：我不可能是你）

IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.

2（事实：不知道）IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.2021/5/932

2．（事实：不知能否下雪）

IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.

3.（事实：不知道她是否会来）IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.2021/5/933Wouldrather从句中would

rather后可接从句，从句用一般过去式，即1would

rather

sb.

did

sth.表示宁愿某人现在或将来要做某事；He’d

rather

you

came

on

Friday.2would

rather

sb.

had

done

sth.表示宁愿某人过去做过某事。如：I’d

rather

you

hadn’t

told

him

the

news

that

day.

2021/5/934Itis（high/about）timethat从句中（该做…的时候了）Ithinkitistimethattheyweretaughtalesson.ItistimeIwasinbed.也可以用should+动原should不省2021/5/935犹如picture导入之三：HowwillyouspendyourNationalholiday?Iwill…I’mgoingto…2021/5/936三.一般将来时1.结构：肯定句：主语+will+do+其他

Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirhomes.否定句：主语+willnot/won't+do+其他

Peoplewillnot/won’thaverobotsintheirhomes.一般疑问句：Will+主语+do+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主will否定回答：No,主won’t.特殊疑问：疑问词+will+主+V原+····？will/shall+V原（shall仅第一人称）2021/5/9372.时间状语（判断标准）：tomorrownextweekthedayaftertomorrowsooninthefuturein+一段时间2021/5/9383.一般将来时的几种构成形式1.will+动词原形(I/weshall)2.begoingto+动词原形3.be+todo表示计划,责任,约定或命令4.beabouttodosth

表示正要做…,马上要做...(不能与表示将来时间的状语连用)5.be+v-ing6.一般现在时表将来2021/5/9391.will与shall＋v1)表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”Shewillgototheparktomorrow.2）表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的事。Tomwillbe18nextyear.Springwillcomeagain.TomorrowwillbeSunday.3)will+v有时表示说话是临时决定或打算。

---Mycarwon’tstart.

---Don’tworry,Iwillcomeandgiveitapush.2021/5/9402、begoingto①表示计划，安排要做的事②表示现在的迹象推断未来可能发生某事。---What____areyougoing____________dothisevening?---Iamgoingtodomylessons.

看那些乌云要下雨了.Lootatthedarkclouds.It__________rain.

2021/5/9413.betodo

①表按计划或安排即将发生的动作②表示约定，责任，命令，或注定要发生的动作。③官方计划或决定（常见于报纸或广播）HeandIaretomeetattherailwaystationtomorrow.计划，安排Youarenottobebacklate.责任，命令Ifnotwatered,theplantsaretodie.注定要发生的动作ThepresidentistospeakonTVtonight.官方计划或决定2021/5/9424.beabouttodo表示正要做…,马上要做...

(不能与表示将来的时间的状语连用)

was/wereabouttodo…

when…正要…突然发生…TheEnglishEveningPartyisabouttobegin.Iwasabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain.2021/5/9435.be+v-ing

go,come,leave,start,arrive,stay,fly,

land,takeoff等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。We’releavingforQingdao.2021/5/9446.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律)，用一般现在时表示将来时态常用于转移动词如：begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close…

Theeveningclassbeginsat19:00.Thetrainstartsattwo.2021/5/945注:在时间或条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时表示将来时:when,assoonas,before,once,if,unless,evenif,incase（以防）Ifyoucomethismorning,wewillhaveameeting.

WhenIgraduate,Iwillgotothecountryside.2021/5/946—Whatwillyoudoifit_______tomorrow?—Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israiningExercises2021/5/9472.—Sorry,Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.—Nevermind,_____postitmyselftonight.A.I’mgoingtoB.IprefertoC.I’llD.I’drather2021/5/9483.—Writetomewhenyougethome.—____________.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican2021/5/9494.Let’skeeptothepointorwe_____anydecisions.A.willneverreachB.haveneverreachedC.neverreachD.neverreached2021/5/9505.Ifhe_____tocollege,he_____alotmore.A.willgo;willlearnB.willgo;isgoingtolearnC.goes;willlearnD.goes;isgoingtolearn2021/5/951—CanIspeaktoJim,please?

—Justaminute.I_________gethim.2.Theagreement__________comeintoforcenextyear.3.I’mnotfeelingwell,andI_______gotoseeadoctor.4.Nextyear,he________bethirtyyearsold.2021/5/9525.How_____you_________spendyourholiday?—I’vedecidedtorepaintthisroom.

—Oh,haveyou?Whatcolor____

you_______paintit?—TheweatherissoniceandIam

goingtositinthegarden.

—That’sagoodidea.I_________join

you.2021/5/953四一般过去将来时(ThepastfuturesimpleTense)一般将来时:表示从现在的时间看将来将要发生的动作或状态,形式为will/begoingtodo/shalldoHewillbecomeadoctorinsevenyears.过去将来时:表示从过去的时间看待将来要发生的动作或状态,形式是把will/begoingtodo改为过去式will/shall+dowould/should+doam/is/aregoingto+dowas/weregoingto+doHetoldusthathewouldbecomeadoctorinsevenyears.2021/5/954用法和表示过去将来时间状语连用，多见于从句，特别是宾语从句中（当主句是过去时，宾语从句表示将要发生的事，用过去将来时）1Hesaidhe__________(return)tothehometownthenextday.2Weneverimaginedhe_______(be)adoctorinthefuture.A:Shewashedthecar,didn’tshe?B:No,sheforgot.Butshesaidshe____________(wash)ittomorrow.2021/5/955

2.过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，一律用would

Wheneverhehadtime，hewoulddosomereading.

IwouldplaywithhimwhenIwasachild.

2021/5/956“We‘aregoingtohaveatestnextweek.”Theteachersaid.Theteachersaidthatwe_________(have)atestthenextweek.Cokewillmakeatriptotheseaside.Coketoldus.Coketoldusthathe_____wasgoingto/would______(make)atriptotheseaside.2021/5/957Jim决定他们下个月坐飞机去英国。Jimdecided_______________________.她66岁了。三年后，她是69岁。Shewassixty-six.____________________.科学家说没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。Scientistssaid___________________.老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么.TheteacheraskedTom_______________她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不和我们一起去了。Shetoldus_________________________.Jimdecidedtheyweregoingto/wouldflytoBritainthenextmonth.Inthreeyears,shewasgoingto/wouldbe69yearsold.Scientistssaidnobodyknewwhatwouldhappeninonehundredyears’time.TheteacheraskedTomwhatwasgoingto/woulddowhenhegrewup.Shetoldusifitrained,shewouldn’tgowithus.2021/5/958导入之五：Whatare

they

doing

now?

They

arehaving

aclass.2021/5/959五.现在进行时

现在进行时表示现在（即说话人说话的时刻）正在进行的动作或正在发生的事情，现在进行时的标志性词语有now,look,atthemoment,listen等现在进行时的基本构成：

主语+be动词+现在分词Eg.Theyaredrawingpictures.2021/5/960现在分词的构成规则

1.一般在动词词尾加-ing，如：read-reading2.以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing，如：write-writing

3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加-ing。Eg：swim-swimmingrun-runningcut-cuttingshop-shoppingsit-sitting特殊变化：lie-lying平躺，die-dying死亡2021/5/961现在进行时的句式

1.肯定句—主语+be+doingEg:Iamdoingmyhomework.2.否定句—主语+be+not+doingEg:Iamnotdoingmyhomework.3.一般疑问句—be提到句首（注意人称变化）Eg:Areyoudoingyourhomework?2021/5/962下面的动词不用现在进行时:

1.表示心理情感的动词:

want；mind；wish；recognize；think；know；understand；hate；dependon2.表示存在位置的动词:remain；stand

2021/5/9633.表示知觉的动词：

see；hear；notice；smell4.表示所属的动词：

have；possess；own；consistof5.暂时性的动词：

accept；allow；decide；promise2021/5/964现在进行时的用法1．表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态They_____

(play)

footballontheplaygroundnow.2.与always，constantly(不断地；时常地)等连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。

Youarealways______(make)

mistakes!2021/5/965六过去进行时1.结构：was/were+doing2.用法:表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。常用的时间状语：attenyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when…,while…,atthattime…2021/5/966IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She____ataradioshopatthetime.

A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked2021/5/9673.与always，forever，constantly连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。Eg.He________(alwaysthinkof)others，neverthinkingofhimself.2021/5/9684.表示位置移动的动词如come,go,leave,fly,setoff等用过去进行时表示按计划，安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。例：Hesaidthey______(leavefor)Beijingthenextday.2021/5/969七.现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense)

1结构:have(has)+done2概念：表示发生在过去，持续到现在，可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来，并对现在造成一定的影响或结果。常与since+过去时（间）,for+一段时间连用。表示与现在有联系的过去的动作。3时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.2021/5/970Hehaslivedhere

sincelastsummer.时间线现在过去lived延续到现在:haslivedlastsummersince…2021/5/9711.----WhendidhegotoAmerica?---Oh,he______theresincehalfayearago.A.wentB.hasbeenC.hasgoneD.was2.Shelly_____CaliforniaforTexasand____thereeversince.YoucangoandpayheravisitonyourwaytoMexico.A.left,workedB.hasleft,hadworkedC.left,hasworkedD.hasleft,worked2021/5/972比较一般过去时与现在完成时

1).一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。

MyfamilylivedinZhuhai10yearsago.

（现在不在珠海了)Myfamilyhavelivedin

Zhuhaifor10years.(目前还在珠海)

2021/5/9732).过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语.I______(study)inZhongshanuniversityin2000.I___________(study)inZhongshanuniversitysince2000.I_____just_______(buy)anapartment.(just表示不确定的时间状语）2021/5/974注意：非延续性动词不能与表示延续时间的状语(since…;for…)连用。但其否定形式则可以。

1)Theyhavemarriedfortenyears.2)Ihavereceivedhisletteramonthago.

3)Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforamonth.FFThavebeenmarriedTheygotmarriedtenyearsago.2021/5/975我已收到他的信一个月了。

Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.()请改用三个正确的表达法:1._____________________________________2._____________________________________3._____________________________________×I___(keep)hisletterforamonth.ItisamonthsinceI___(receive)hisletter.I___(receive)hisletteramonthago.2021/5/976导入之八

Yougraduated(毕业)fromJuniorMiddleSchoolinJuly2009.You_____therefor3yearswhenyougraduated.2021/5/977八.过去完成时

(ThepastperfectTense)结构:had+done

概念：表示过去的过去

----|--------------|---------|---->过去的过去过去现在将来

2021/5/978Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnt20units.现在过去过去的过去theendoflasttermhadlearnt时间线用法(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导的时间状语。如：2021/5/9792.表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算(“本想”;“本来打算”)。

IhadhopedtoseemoreofShangHai.Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusyatthemoment.Ihadthoughtyouwouldcometomorrow.2021/5/9803、常用于下列句型中：

1)Hardly/Nosooner…(过去完成时)when/than…（一般过去时）。

2)It/This/Thatwasthetimethat…(从句用过去完成时)。

3)Itwas+一段时间+since(从句用过去完成时)。2021/5/9811.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves_________________(runaway).2.WhenIcameintotheclassroom,mydearstudents______________(begin)reading.3.Hewalkedinasifhe__________(buy)theschool

.(12广东）hadrunaway

2021/5/9824.I_____totakeagoodholidaythisyear,butIwasn’tabletogetaway.

A.hopeB.havehoped C.hadhopedD.hoped

5.Helen_____herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.A.hasleft;comes B.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome

2021/5/983导入之九：

---Howlonghaveyoubeenstudyinginthisschool?

---Almosttwoandahalfyears.2021/5/984九现在完成进行时

主语+has/have+been+doing….表示过去某一时间发生一直持续到现在还会继续下去的动作（动作未完成），动词必须用延续性动词。1He

(work)hereforthreeyears.2ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities

(rise)steadilysince1990.2021/5/985

---Isn’tithardtodrivedowntowntowork?---Yes,that’whyI____toworkbytrain.A.havebeengoingB.havegoneC.wasgoingD.willhavegone

2021/5/986现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别

1现在完成时:表到现在为止已经完成，或过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，也可表示延续性；2

现在完成进行时:往往强调仍将继续下去的动作。Ihavewrittenaletter.（已完成）Ihavebeenwriting

aletter.

（未完成）过去现在时间线havewrittenhavebeenwriting2021/5/987ExercisesIusually____