医用直线加速器常见故障

医用直线加速器常见故障医院放射治疗科医用加速器类型用于放射治疗X射线及电子线：电子直线加速器，电子回旋加速器，电子感应加速器质子及重离子：等时性回旋加速器，同步加速器，直线加速器用于医学成像PET(PositronEmissionTomography)：小型回旋加速器MV/KV成像：电子直线加速器课程内容直线加速器结构组成

直线加速器的控制系统直线加速器的设备状态直线加速器的连锁系统直线加速器的冷却、气体和真空系统直线加速器的运动系统直线加速器的束流系统直线加速器的影像系统直线加速器多叶光栅系统以下根据Elekta和Varian加速器维修手册加速器的结构加速器的结构加速器的结构加速器的结构控制系统动力系统运动系统影像系统安全控制系统EachcontrolareaisbuiltaroundaPCBrackwithbusinterconnections.Itconsistsoftwoindependentterminals,AandB,eachwithitsownpowersupplies.Itfunctionsindependentlyasregardsinterlocksandsafetycircuits,knownastheRemoteTerminalUnits(RTU)控制系统设备状态设备状态连锁系统InterlocklevelsForeachsuperstatethereisafixedhardwarestate(enablingofcontactors)imposedoneachremoteterminalofthemachine.Therearefiveinterlocklevels:systeminterlockLTinterlockmovementsinterlockHTinterlockPRFinterlockSoftwareItemsandPartsItemsThecontrolsoftwaremonitorsandcontrolsthemachineviapotentiometers,switches,relays,andsupplies.ToaccomplishthisthesoftwareisorganizedintosmallpackagescalledItems.Allofthemachinemonitoringandcontrolcomponents,thatisswitches,potentiometers,relays,haveanItemassociatedwiththem.EachItemhasauniqueidentifyingnumberfrom0to599.PartsIneachoftheItems,therearemanyparameters.Theseconvertthedatavaluestoactualunits,thatisvolts,amps,anddegrees.Thereisastandardformatforthelayoutoftheseparameters,whicharecalledparts.ThesecanbeviewedwhenusingtheDisplayMachineItemcommand.SysteminterlockContactorAMachinestateEmergencyoffswitchesWaterpressureWatertemperaturePumptemperature水冷、气体、真空真空系统水冷、气体、真空水冷、真空、气体水冷运动系统运动系统MovementsinterlocksContactorsStopmotorsandtouchguardTouchguardoverrideMachinestateResetmotorsMovementstopswitchesEmergencyshutdown运动系统准直器和多叶光栅系统Varian加速器多叶光栅的结构Elekta加速器的光学采样定位系统分光镜的作用多叶光栅叶