湖北省恩施鄂西南三校联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省恩施鄂西南三校联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AFirstreleasedinthelate1950s,Legohasbecomeaniconictoy,whichislovedandappreciatedbymillionsaroundtheworld.Here,we’veputtogethersomeoftheLegosetsthatmayappealtoyou.DarthMaulLegoHeadCost:$1,255Ifyoudon’tknowwhoheis,thenIsuggestyouwatchStarWars:EpisodeI-ThePhantomMenace.ThisLegosetcontainsover1,800smallindividualpieces,makingonehellofasettocomplete.Ifyouhavethetime,patienceanddesiretoputtogetherasetlikethis,youcanearnyourselfsomeseriousbragging(吹嘘)rightsinyourLegosocialcircle!RebelBlockadeRunnerCost:$1,330OneofthebiggestLegosetsonthelististheRebelBlockadeRunner.It’sprettygiant,tosaytheleast,andismadeupofover1,700piecesandisfromStarWars:EpisodeIV-ANewHope.Ifyou’realsoaStarWarsfan,youshouldseriouslythinkaboutaddingthistoyourcollection!EiffelTowerCost:$1,455BreakingoutoftheStarWarsistheEiffelTower,releasedin2007.With3,428pieces,thisisthetallestLegosetonthemarketandshouldonlybeattemptedifyouhavethedeterminationandpatiencetoseeitthrough!Itwasbuiltto1:300scale(比例尺)fromtherealtower.LECAAutomobile(LEGOInsideTourExclusive2005Edition)Cost:$2,350Asoneofthetop5mostexpensiveLegosetsintheworld,it’snotthecoolestormostprettylookingLegoset.However,it’sdifferentandrare,andincludes4,060pieces.So,ifcarsareyourthing,pleaseclickheretoknowmoreaboutit.1.WhatdotheDarthMaulLegoHeadandRebelBlockadeRunnerhaveincommon?A.Theyaresoldatthesameprice. B.Theycontainthesamepieces.C.Theyrelatetothesamemovie. D.Theywerereleasedinthesameyear.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheEiffelTower?A.ItisthemostexpensiveLegoset. B.Itisaminiversionoftherealtower.C.Itisrelativelyeasytoputittogether. D.ItisthebiggestLegosetintheworld.3.Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?A.Inasciencereport. B.Inanewspaper. C.Inafashionmagazine. D.Onawebsite.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款不同的乐高套装。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据DarthMaulLegoHead中的“Ifyoudon’tknowwhoheis,thenIsuggestyouwatchStarWars:EpisodeI-ThePhantomMenace.(如果你不知道他是谁，那么我建议你看《星球大战前传1：幽灵的威胁》。)”和RebelBlockadeRunner中的“It’sprettygiant,tosaytheleast,andismadeupofover1,700piecesandisfromStarWars:EpisodeIV-ANewHope.(至少可以这么说，它相当巨大，由1700多块碎片组成，来自《星球大战4：新希望》。)”可知，它们与同一部电影《星球大战》有关。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据EiffelTower中的“Itwasbuiltto1:300scale(比例尺)fromtherealtower’soriginalblueprints.(它是按照真塔的1：300比例建造的。)”可知，这是按真塔的比例缩小的。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“So,ifcarsareyourthing,pleaseclickheretoknowmoreaboutit.(所以，如果你对汽车感兴趣，请点击这里了解更多。)”可推断，这篇文章来自于网站。故选D。BToday,theoriginalBeetlehaslargelydisappearedfromtheworld’sroadssinceVolkswagenstoppedproducingitinGermanyin1978.Buttheinstantlyrecognizablecarwasonceeverywhere.Fromthe1970stothe1990s,morethan21millionBeetleswereproducedworldwide.Manyadultsintheir40sorabovehaveastoryabouttheBeetle,oratleastamemory.Partofitsuniversalappealisitsuniquelook.There’ssomethingaboutthecarthatjustmakespeoplesmile:itshappyshape,itscheerfulcolors,andperhapsitssmallsize.However,thesmilesthatbeetlesevoke,inpeoplearenotsimplyduetotheirdesign.Ithasacharacteralmost.Ithasasortofsoulinaway.It’sbeyondamachine.Forthebetterpartofacenturythiscarhasbeenapartinpeople’slives.Seeingthesecarsontheroadislikeatimecapsule.Itopenspeopletomemoriesandstoriesthatmightotherwisegountold.Byallowingustotravelbackintime,theyremindusofwhat’simportant.Intoday’sworld,thiscarrepresentssomethingverybasicandearthyandgenuine.Exactlythekindoftravelweneedrightnow.“Myparentshadthree,awhiteone,thenaredone,andthenanorangeone.ItwasthecarIgrewupwith,”saidactorEwanMcGregor.“TheywouldputusinthebackoftheBeetleinScotlandanddrivetoFranceforcampingholidaysinsummer.Myfirstcarwasa1978BeetleandnowIowntwo,parkedatmyhomeinLosAngeles.”McGregorthinksthecar’sfutureiselectric.Hehasrecentlyturnedhis1978modelintoafullyelectriccar.“Movingforward,maybewe’lljusthavetothink;smallercars,lowemissions(排放),andsomethingthatmakesusfeelhappy,”hesays.4.WhenwastheproductionofBeetlesstoppedinGermany?A.Inthe1990s. B.Inthe1980s. C.Inthelate1970s. D.Intheearly1960s.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“evoke”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Tokeepanunpleasantfeelinginone’smind.B.Tofindoutinformationaboutone’scharacter.C.Tobringafeelingoramemoryintoone’smind.D.Toasksomebodytodosomethinginarudeway.6.WhydoesEwanMcGregorowntwoBeetles?A.Hewantstoberemindedofhischildhood.B.Theyareusedtodecoratehisnewhome.C.Hehastoomanychildrenforjustonecar.D.Hisparentshaveleftoneoftheircarstohim.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperdoesthistextmostprobablyappear?A.Advertisement. B.Lifestyle. C.Environment. D.Economy.〖答案〗4.C5.C6.A7.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了曾畅销全球的甲壳虫汽车早已超越了代步的工具，而是升华为几代人情感与记忆的载体。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Today,theoriginalBeetlehaslargelydisappearedfromtheworld’sroadssinceVolkswagenstoppedproducingitinGermanyin1978.”（如今，自1978年大众汽车停止在德国生产甲壳虫以来，最初的甲壳虫基本上已经从世界道路上消失了。）可知，大众汽车自1978年停止在德国生产甲壳虫，由此可知，德国在20世纪70年代末停止生产甲壳虫。故选C项。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“Seeingthesecarsontheroadislikeatimecapsule.Itopenspeopletomemoriesandstoriesthatmightotherwisegountold.”（在路上看到这些汽车就像一个时间胶囊。它让人们想起了那些原本可能无法描述的记忆和故事。）可知，甲壳虫能够让人们想起之前的记忆和生活中曾发生的故事，由此可知，甲壳虫唤起了人们的记忆，“obringafeelingoramemoryintoone’smind”意为“把一种感觉或记忆带入脑海”，选项能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容““Myparentshadthree,awhiteone,thenaredone,andthenanorangeone.ItwasthecarIgrewupwith,”saidactorEwanMcGregor.“TheywouldputusinthebackoftheBeetleinScotlandanddrivetoFranceforcampingholidaysinsummer.Myfirstcarwasa1978BeetleandnowIowntwo,parkedatmyhomeinLosAngeles.””（演员伊万·麦格雷戈说：“我父母有三辆车，一辆白色的，一辆红色的，然后一辆橙色的。这是伴随我长大的车。”“在苏格兰，他们会把我们放在甲壳虫的后座上，夏天开车去法国露营度假。我的第一辆车是1978年的甲壳虫，现在我有两辆，停在洛杉矶的家里。”）可知，甲壳虫是伴随伊万·麦格雷戈长大的车，他小时候曾坐在甲壳虫的后座上，和家人一起去度假，由此可知，伊万·麦格雷戈拥有两辆甲壳虫是因为甲壳虫会让他回想起他的童年。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“McGregorthinksthecar’sfutureiselectric.Hehasrecentlyturnedhis1978modelintoafullyelectriccar.“Movingforward,maybewe’lljusthavetothink;smallercars,lowemissions(排放),andsomethingthatmakesusfeelhappy,”hesays.”（麦格雷戈认为汽车的未来是电动的。他最近将1978年的车型改为全电动汽车。“向前看，也许我们只需要思考；更小的汽车，低排放,还有一些让我们感到快乐的东西，”他说。）可知，本文主要介绍了曾畅销全球的甲壳虫汽车是几代人记忆的载体，现在的甲壳虫汽车顺应时代要求，发展成更小、更环保的汽车，这是一种生活方式的变化，由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是人们的生活方式，最可能出现在报纸的生活方式部分。故选B项。COurcityisinasorrystate.Outdoorpollutionkills4.2millionpeopleayear,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Concreteandtarmac(柏油碎石材料)absorbthesun’sraysratherthanreflectingthembackintospace,andalsoreplaceplantswhichwouldotherwisecoolthingsdown.Thecontinuousspreadofbuildingsandroadsthusturnsurbanareasintoheatislands,discomfortingresidentsandworseningdangerousheatwaves.Apossibleansweristrees.Theirleavesmaydestroyatleastsomechemicalpollutants(污染物)andprovideshade.In2019,researchersattheUniversityofWisconsinfoundthatAmericancitiesneed40%treecoveragetocuturbanheatbackmeaningfully.Unfortunately,notallcities—andespeciallynotthosespringingupintheworld’spoorcountries—areblessedwithparks,privategardensorevenstreettreesinsufficientnumbers.MiyawakiAkira,aplantecologistatYorkhamaNationalUniversity,inJapan,hasdevelopedanewwaytoincreaseunbangreening.Itistoplantminiaturesimulacra(微型仿制品)ofnaturalforestsintheunpromisingabandonedareas.DrMiyawakihasorganisedtheplantingofmorethan1,500oftheseminiatureforests,firstinJapan,theninotherpartsoftheworld.Othersarefollowinginhisfootsteps.Indiaisparticularlykeen.InMumbai,morethan200,000treesarefoundinMiyawakiforeststhroughoutthecity.Hyderabadstartedgrowingthelargestindividualforestofthelotin2020.TheMiyawakimethodwillneverworkoutonalargescale.Relyingonnatureandthepassageoftimeisprobablythebestforreplantingextensiveareasofdamagedwoodlands.Butifyourgoalistobetteryourimmediateneighborhood,ratherthantosavetheplanetfromglobalwarming,thenDr.Miyawakimightwellbeyourman.8.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph1?A.Plantsarereplacedtocoolthingsdown.B.Urbanareasarebecomingpollutionhotspots.C.Buildingsandroadsmakeresidentscomfortable.D.Concreteandtarmacreflectheatbackintospace.9.Whatdoestheresearchin2019imply?A.Plantsprovideshadeforurbanresidents. B.Treecoverageneedstobefurtherexpanded.C.Thesituationinurbanareasgetssteadilyworse. D.Treescutdownchemicalpollutionfromfactories.10.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMiyawakimethod?A.ItoriginatedfromIndia. B.Ittakeseffectasexpected.C.ItmakesnodifferencetoMumbai. D.Itisfindingincreasingfavour.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Apracticalstrategytosaveourplanet. B.Aflexiblescheduletosettleachallenge.C.Apartialsolutiontothelackofurbangreening. D.Aneffectivemeasuretopreventglobalwarming.〖答案〗8.B9.B10.D11.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物生态学家宫崎明开发了一种增加城市绿化的新方法——种植微型模拟天然林，但此方法不适用于大规模的重新造林，所以微型模拟天然林只能部分解决城市绿化不足的问题。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ourcityisinasorrystate.Outdoorpollutionkills4.2millionpeopleayear,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Concreteandtarmac(柏油碎石材料)absorbthesun’sraysratherthanreflectingthembackintospace,andalsoreplaceplantswhichwouldotherwisecoolthingsdown.Thecontinuousspreadofbuildingsandroadsthusturnsurbanareasintoheatislands,discomfortingresidentsandworseningdangerousheatwaves.(我们的城市状况很糟糕。根据世界卫生组织的数据，室外污染每年导致420万人死亡。混凝土和柏油路面吸收太阳光而不是将其反射回太空，同时也取代了原本可以降温的植物。建筑物和道路的不断扩张使城市地区变成了热岛，使居民感到不安，并加剧了危险的热浪。)”可知，城市地区正在成为污染热点。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“In2019,researchersattheUniversityofWisconsinfoundthatAmericancitiesneed40%treecoveragetocuturbanheatbackmeaningfully.Unfortunately,notallcities-andespeciallynotthosespringingupintheworld’spoorcountries-areblessedwithparks,privategardensorevenstreettreesinsufficientnumbers.(2019年，威斯康星大学的研究人员发现，美国城市需要40%的树木覆盖率才能有效地减少城市热量。不幸的是，并不是所有的城市——尤其是那些在世界上贫穷国家兴起的城市——都有幸拥有足够数量的公园、私人花园甚至行道树。)”可推断，森林覆盖率需要进一步扩大。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“DrMiyawakihasorganisedtheplantingofmorethan1,500oftheseminiatureforests,firstinJapan,theninotherpartsoftheworld.Othersarefollowinginhisfootsteps.Indiaisparticularlykeen.InMumbai,morethan200,000treesarefoundinMiyawakiforeststhroughoutthecity.Hyderabadstartedgrowingthelargestindividualforestofthelotin2020.(宫崎博士已经组织种植了超过1500个这样的微型森林，首先在日本，然后在世界其他地方。其他人也在追随他的脚步。印度尤其热衷于此。在孟买，整个城市的宫崎森林里有20多万棵树。2020年，海德拉巴开始种植该地区最大的单个森林。)”可推断，这个方法受到越来越多的青睐。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“MiyawakiAkira,aplantecologistatYorkhamaNationalUniversity,inJapan,hasdevelopedanewwaytoincreaseunbangreening.(日本约克马国立大学的植物生态学家宫崎明(MiyawakiAkira)开发了一种增加城市绿化的新方法。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了植物生态学家宫崎明开发了一种增加城市绿化的新方法——种植微型模拟天然林，但此方法不适用于大规模的重新造林，所以微型模拟天然林只能部分解决城市绿化不足的问题。故选C。DPeople’sfirstmemoriesareallautobiograpbical(自传式的),ormemoriesofsignificantexperiencesintheirlives,andtheseeventstypicallydidn’thappenbeforetheageof2or3.Infact,mostpeoplecan’trememberthingsfromthefirstfewyearsoftheirlivesaphenomenonresearchershavecalledinfantileamnesia.However,researchsuggeststhatinfants(婴儿)canformotherkindsofmemories.Withinthefirstfewdaysoflife,infantscanrecalltheirownmother’sfaceandtellitfromthefaceofastranger.Afewmonthslater,infantscanshowthattheyrememberlotsoffamiliarfacesbysmilingmostattheonestheyseemostoften.Butifso,whydopeopleexperienceinfantileamnesia?Thoughitstillisn’tclearwhetherit’sbecausewecan’tformautobiographicalmemories,orwhetherwehavenowaytoretrieve(找回)them,scientistshaveafewguesses.Oneisthatautobiographicalmemoriesrequireyoutohavesomesenseofself.Researchershavetestedthisabilityusingamirrorrecognitiontaskcalledtherougetest.Itinvolvesmarkingababy’snosewithaspotofredlipstick.Researchersthenplacetheinfantinfrontofamirror.Infantsyoungerthan18monthsjustsmileatthebabyinthereflection,notshowinganyevidenceofrecognizingthemselvesortheredmarkontheirface.Between18and24months,infantstouchtheirownnose,evenlookingembarrassed,suggestingthattheyconnectthereddotinthemirrorwiththeirownfaceandstarttoformsomesenseofself.Anotherpossibleexplanationisthatbecauseinfantsdon’thavelanguageuntillaterinthesecondyearoflife,theycan’tformdescriptionsabouttheirownlivesthattheycanlaterrecall.Finally,thehippocampus,whichistheregionofthebrainthat’slargelyresponsibleformemory,isn’tfullydevelopedintheinfancyperiod.Scientistswillcontinuetoinvestigatehowthesefactorsmightcontributetoinfantileamnesia.12.Whatcaninfantsdointheirfirstfewmonths?A.Recognizefamiliarfaces.B.Rememberaseriesofevents.C.Identifytheirownreflections.D.Memorizetheirfamilymembers.13.Whatdoestherougetestshowaboutbabiesbetween18and24months?A.Theylikelookinginthemirror.B.Theyignorethemarksontheirfaces.C.Theyseetheirreflectionsasthemselves.D.Theyenjoyplayingwiththeirreflections.14.Whatcouldbeacauseofinfantileamnesiaaccordingtothetext?A.Infants’lackofsocialskills.B.Infants’undevelopedhippocampus.C.Infants’inabilitytorecallmemories.D.Infants’unusualautobiographicalmemories,15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdokidsformtheirmemories?B.Whendobabiesstartremembering?C.Howcanweretrievelostmemories?D.Whycan’twerememberbeingababy?〖答案〗12.A13.C14.B15.D【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究表明婴儿可以形成其他类型的记忆，但是大多数人都不记得生命最初几年的事情，这种现象被称为“婴儿健忘症”，文章介绍了科学家们对导致婴儿健忘症的因素的猜测结果。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Afewmonthslater,infantscanshowthattheyrememberlotsoffamiliarfacesbysmilingmostattheonestheyseemostoften.(几个月后，婴儿可以通过对他们最常看到的人笑得最多来表明他们记得许多熟悉的面孔)”可知，几个月龄的婴儿已经可以认出最常看到的脸，并会对这些熟悉的脸有更多的笑。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Oneisthatautobiographicalmemoriesrequireyoutohavesomesenseofself.Researchershavetestedthisabilityusingamirrorrecognitiontaskcalledtherougetest.Itinvolvesmarkingababy’snosewithaspotofredlipstick.(其一，自传式记忆要求你有某种自我意识。研究人员通过一项名为’胭脂测试’的镜像识别任务来测试这种能力。它包括在婴儿的鼻子上涂上一点红色的口红。)”，第五段“Between18and24months,infantstouchtheirownnose,evenlookingembarrassed,suggestingthattheyconnectthereddotinthemirrorwiththeirownfaceandstarttoformsomesenseofself.(在18到24个月之间，婴儿摸自己的鼻子，甚至看起来很尴尬，这表明他们把镜子里的红点和自己的脸联系起来，开始形成某种自我意识。)”可知，18-24个月的婴儿看到镜子中的影像的鼻子上有红色的印记，会摸自己的鼻子，说明他们知道镜子里的影像和自己有关，故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“Finally,thehippocampus,whichistheregionofthebrainthat’slargelyresponsibleformemory,isn’tfullydevelopedintheinfancyperiod.(最后，海马体是大脑中主要负责记忆的区域，在婴儿时期并没有完全发育。)”可知，导致婴儿健忘症是因为在婴儿时期，负责记忆区域的海马体还没有完全发育，故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Butifso,whydopeopleexperienceinfantileamnesia?Thoughitstillisn’tclearwhetherit’sbecausewecan’tformautobiographicalmemories,orwhetherweinsthavenowaytoretrieve(找回)them,scientistshaveafewguesses.(但如果是这样，为什么人们会经历婴儿健忘症呢？虽然目前还不清楚这是因为我们无法形成自传式记忆，还是因为我们没有办法检索它们，但科学家们有一些猜测。)”可知，本文围绕婴儿健忘症这个现象展开，介绍了科学家们对导致婴儿健忘症de因素的猜测结果，“Whycan’twerememberbeingababy?(作为一个婴儿，为什么我们记不住事情？)”适合作文章标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyday,wefaceaseriesofopportunitiestodotherightthing.Sometimesweseize(抓住)thosemoments;othertimes,wedon’t.____16____Andwhatdrivessomepeopletotakethemoralhighground?JessieSuninterviewed952peopleaboutthemotivations(动机)formoralbehaviorandthechangestheywishedtomakeintheirlivesinordertobecomemoremorallygood.Whenwethinkaboutmorals,weoftenthinkaboutmaking“personalsacrifices(牺牲)”forthegreatergood.InSun’sstudy,shefoundthatnearlyhalfoftheparticipantssaidtheyweremostencouragedtobecomemoremoralforthemselves.____17____Andfewerparticipantssaidthattheymostwantedtobenefitfriendsandpeopleingeneral.Moreover,manypeoplebelievethatactingmoremorally—forexample,beingmorethoughtful,moreopen-minded—wouldincreasetheirownwell-being.Themoretheybelievedthattheirmoralchangewouldhavepositiveresultsforthemselves,themoretheyreportedbeingencouragedtomakethatchange.____18____Thatwasthemostsurprisingfindinginthestudy.____19____Interestingly,participantsgenerallyexpectedpossibleharmstothemselvesandothersiftheywerehonest.Youcanimaginethatsomepeopleregularlytellwhiteliestosaveotherpeople’sfeelings,andtheybelieveitwouldbehurtfuliftheywerehonest.Researchersalsoaskedpeopleaboutthethingsthey’dliketoimproveaboutthemselves.Ifthey’reextremelyshy,theyusuallywanttobecomemorecomfortableinsocialsituations.Butiftheyaren’tespeciallyhonestorthoughtful,theyusuallywon’timprovethoseaspectsoftheirlivesonpurpose.____20____A.Howcanwebecomemoremoral?B.So,whydowemakethesechoices?C.Beingmoraljustisn’twhatmostpeopleconsiderfirst.D.Beingmoralmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.E.Butpeopleseesomedisadvantagesofbeingmoral,too.F.Inshort,manypeoplewanttobecomemoremoralfortheirownbenefits.G.Sixteenpercentsaidthattheymostwantedtobecomemoremoralfortheirfamily.〖答案〗16.B17.G18.F19.E20.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们决定变得有道德背后的动机。【16题详析】前文“Everyday,wefaceaseriesofopportunitiestodotherightthing.Sometimesweseize(抓住)thosemoments;othertimes,wedon’t.(每天，我们都面临着一系列做正确事情的机会。有时我们会抓住这些时刻；其他时候，我们不会。)”提到了有的时候我们会抓住机会做正确的事情，而有的时候则不会。后文“Andwhatdrivessomepeopletotakethemoralhighground?(是什么驱使一些人走上道德高地？)”提出了对这种情况的另一个疑问。由此可知，空处应是对前文所述情况提出的疑问，B项“那么，我们为什么会做出这些决定？”符合题意。故选B。【17题详析】前文“InSun’sstudy,shefoundthatnearlyhalfoftheparticipantssaidtheyweremostencouragedtobecomemoremoralforthemselves.(在孙的研究中，她发现近一半的参与者表示，他们最受鼓励的是为自己变得更有道德。)”讲述了近一半参与者想为自己变得有道德。后文“Andfewerparticipantssaidthattheymostwantedtobenefitfriendsandpeopleingeneral.(更少的参与者表示，他们最想让朋友和普通人受益。)”讲述了较少的参与者想为朋友和普通人变得有道德。空处应承上启下，讲述参与者为其他原因而变得有道德，G项“16%的人表示，他们最想为自己的家庭变得更有道德。”符合题意。故选G。【18题详析】前文“Themoretheybelievedthattheirmoralchangewouldhavepositiveresultsforthemselves,themoretheyreportedbeingencouragedtomakethatchange.(他们越是相信自己的道德改变会给自己带来积极的结果，他们就越是被鼓励做出这种改变。)”讲述了相信道德上的改变会给自己带来积极的结果会让人们有动力去改变，空处应进一步对这种行为进行评价，F项“简言之，许多人想要为了让自己受益而变得更有道德。”符合题意。故选F。【19题详析】空处是本段主旨句。根据下文中的“Interestingly,participantsgenerallyexpectedpossibleharmstothemselvesandothersiftheywerehonest.(有趣的是，参与者通常认为，如果他们诚实的话，可能会对自己和他人造成伤害。)”可知，有道德可能会产生伤害，所以E项“但人们也看到了道德的一些弊端。”符合题意。故选E。【20题详析】前文“Butiftheyaren’tespeciallyhonestorthoughtful,theyusuallywon’timprovethoseaspectsoftheirlivesonpurpose.(但如果他们不是特别诚实或体贴，他们通常不会故意改善生活的这些方面。)”可知，人们不会有意去改善自己道德上的不足，空处应承接上文，对上文进一步进行说明，C项“道德并不是大多数人首先考虑的。”符合题意。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Idon’tusuallykeephouseplants.Theygeteitheroverwateredorunderwatered.ButafterIgotaterminal(晚期)braincancerandneededamajoroperation,I____21____theideaofhavingsomethinggreenaround.Myfriendgavemealuckybambooplant,whichItoldmywifeIwantedto____22____myself.Caringfortheplantgavemeasenseof____23____whenIfeltuseless.Thedisease____24____myabilitytowalk.Asadoctor,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewhooffered____25____,nottheonewhoreceivedit.____26____theplant,assmallanactasitwas,connectedmetoamainpartofmyoldidentity.Overthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfrommy____27____andreturnedtowork.Andtheplanthaddoubledinheightanditsleaveswere____28____andhealthy.BoththetreeandIwerethriving(旺盛).Then,____29____,whateverIdid,theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping.Igrewmoreandmore____30____.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo.”Icouldn’tshakethefeelingthattheplanthadbecomea(n)____31____ofmyhealthuntilIrealizedIhad____32____connectedmygoodcarefortheplantwithmyownsurvival.Whenmycancerunavoidably____33____,Inolongerthoughtitwasanyfailureonmypart.Andasmyanxiety____34____,Ibegantolearnhowtobettercareformyplant.Iputittoalargerpot(花盆),givingit____35____togrow.Gradually,webothbegantothriveagain.21.A.doubted B.fearedC.loved D.introduced22.A.lookafter B.checkout C.showoff D.putaway23.A.emptiness B.belonging C.freedom D.achievement24.A.proved B.limited C.tested D.strengthened25.A.patience B.trust C.comfort D.care26.A.Sharing B.Watering C.Observing D.Decorating27.A.injury B.operation C.stress D.loss28.A.shiny B.strange C.dusty D.colorful29.A.normally B.consequently C.mysteriously D.undoubtedly30.A.bored B.annoyed C.lonely D.anxious31.A.example B.result C.gift D.symbol32.A.slightly B.secretly C.wrongly D.hardly33.A.returned B.changed C.disappeared D.started34.A.increased B.lessened C.spread D.exploded35.A.energy B.nutrition C.room D.time〖答案〗21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.B27.B28.A29.C30.D31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在得了癌症后养了一盆植物，把它视为自己健康的象征，后来作者开始学习如何照顾植物，渐渐地，作者和植物都开始茁壮成长起来。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我得了晚期脑癌，需要做一次大手术之后，我喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西的想法。A.doubted怀疑；B.feared害怕；C.loved爱；D.introduced介绍。根据最后一段的“Ibegantolearnhowtobettercareformyplant”可知，作者在一次大手术之后，喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西的想法。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的朋友给了我一株幸运的竹子，我告诉我的妻子我要自己照顾它。A.lookafter照顾；B.checkout查看；C.showoff炫耀；D.putaway收起，放好。根据下文“Caringfortheplantgavemeasenseof”可知，作者自己照顾竹子。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我觉得自己一无是处的时候，照顾这株植物给了我一种成就感。A.emptiness空虚；B.belonging所有物；C.freedom自由；D.achievement成就。根据最后一段的“Ibegantolearnhowtobettercareformyplant”可知，句子表示“照顾这株植物给了我一种成就感”。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种病限制了我行走的能力。A.proved证明；B.limited限制；C.tested测试；D.strengthened加强。根据第一段的“Igotaterminal(晚期)braincancer”可知，作者有癌症，这种病限制了作者行走的能力。故选B。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我习惯了成为提供治疗的人，而不是接受治疗的人。A.patience耐心；B.trust信任；C.comfort安慰；D.care关心。根据上文“Asadoctor”可知，作为一名医生，作者习惯了成为提供治疗的人。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个主要部分联系起来。A.Sharing分享；B.Watering浇水；C.Observing观察；D.Decorating装饰。根据下文“theplant,assmallanactasitwas”可知，句子表示“给植物浇水，尽管是一件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个主要部分联系起来”。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。A.injury受伤；B.operation手术；C.stress压力；D.loss损失。根据第一段的“neededamajoroperation”和下文“returnedtowork”可知，作者从手术中恢复过来，回到了工作岗位。故选B。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这株植物长了一倍高，叶子又亮又健康。A.shiny光滑发亮的；B.strange奇怪的；C.dusty布满灰尘的；D.colorful富有色彩的。根据下文“andhealthy”可知，这株植物长了一倍高，叶子又亮又健康。故选A。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，不可思议的是，不管我怎么做，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落。A.normally通常，平常；B.consequently因此，结果；C.mysteriously难以理解地；D.undoubtedly无疑，肯定。根据下文“whateverIdid,theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping”可知，句子表示“不可思议的是，不管我怎么做，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落”。故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得越来越焦虑。A.bored感到无聊的；B.annoyed生气的；C.lonely孤单的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据上文“whateverIdid,theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping”可知，树叶总是不停地变黄、掉落，所以作者感到焦虑。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这棵植物已经成为我健康的象征，直到我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起。A.example例子；B.result结果；C.gift礼物；D.symbol象征。根据上文“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo”可知，作者把这棵植物当作自己健康的象征。故选D。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这棵植物已经成为我健康的象征，直到我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起。A.slightly稍微；B.secretly秘密地；C.wrongly错误地；D.hardly几乎不。根据下文“connectedmygoodcarefortheplantwithmyownsurvival”可知，此处表示“我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾与我自己的生存联系在一起”。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的癌症不可避免地复发时，我不再认为这是我的失败。A.returned重新出现；B.changed改变；C.disappeared消失；D.started开始。根据上文“theleaveskeptbrowninganddropping”和“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo”可知，作者的癌症复发，故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习如何更好地照顾我的植物。A.increased增加；B.lessened减少；C.spread传播；D.exploded爆炸。根据上文“Inolongerthoughtitwasanyfailureonmypart”可知，作者的焦虑减轻了。故选B。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它放在一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间。A.energy能量；B.nutrition营养；C.room空间；D.time时间。根据上文“Iputittoalargerpot”可知，作者把植物放在一个更大的花盆里，给它生长的空间。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Kunming,thecapitalofYunnanprovince,istheeconomicand____36____(culture)centerofsouthwestChina.ItislinkedbyrailwithallofChina‘smajorcities.ItsraillinkwithHanoi（河内）___37___(establish)in1901.Kunming‘smildclimatemakesit___38___goodplacetovisitanytimeoftheyear._____39_____itcanbehotandhumidinsummer,ithascool,drywinters.Theclimatehereisgreatforflowers,withmorethan400varieties___40___(plant)here.Thecamellia(山茶花)isthecity‘sofficialflower.Thecityisalsoknownforitsgreenparks,suchasCuihu(GreenLake)Parkwithitswaterwaysandwindingpaths.Younger___41___(tourist)mayenjoyavisittoDaguanParkbecauseofitsfoodstalls.Inadditiontoitsowncharms,Kunmingserves___42___abasefromwhichpeoplecanexplorethecultureofethnicgroupsinthearea.Thebestknown____43____(be）theDai,BaiandNaxi.PeoplecanalsovisittheYunnanStoneForest,whichhasbeen___44___(universal)knownas“thefirstwonderoftheworld”sincetheMingDynasty.Thestoneforestislocated120kmfromKunming,____45____(feature）impressiverockformations.〖答案〗36.cultural37.wasestablished38.a39.Although##While##Though40.planted41.tourists42.as43.are44.universally45.featuring【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了昆明作为云南省的首府，是中国西南地区的经济和文化中心。昆明以其温和的气候而闻名，全年都是一个好地方可以参观。此外，昆明还拥有众多的花卉和绿色公园，以及其他少数民族文化的探索基地。同时，人们还可以参观云南石林，这是一座自明代以来就被誉为“世界第一奇观”的景点，距离昆明120公里。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：昆明是云南省的省会，是中国西南地区的经济文化中心。分析句子，设空处使用culture的形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词center，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。【37题详析】考查动词。句意：它与河内的铁路连接于1901年建成。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据in1901可知，句子表述过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时。同时raillink与establish之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasestablished。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：昆明温和的气候使它成为一年中任何时候游览的好地方。分析句子，句中place为可数名词，空前使用冠词，此处表示泛指，故使用不定冠词。good首字母发音为辅音。故填a。【39题详析】考查连词。句意：虽然夏天炎热潮湿，但冬天凉爽干燥。分析句子，设空处引导的是